Goaf roof pressure monitoring device

Abstract

A goaf roof pressure monitoring device relates to the technical field of mine pressure monitoring, and comprises a device main body (2) and a fixing mechanism (3) at the lower part thereof, the device main body (2) comprises a shell (21) and a measuring mechanism inside the shell (21), the shell (21) comprises an upper shell part and a lower shell part, the upper shell part comprises a horizontally arranged center plate (211) and a plurality of side inclined plates (222) distributed around the edge of the center plate (211), and the side inclined plates (222) are arranged on the lower shell part. Each side inclined plate (222) is arranged facing the upper portion of the outer side of the shell (21), the center plate (211) and the side inclined plates (222) are each provided with a through measuring opening, and the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of pressure sensors (23) corresponding to the measuring openings. Through the special design of the upper shell part and the combination effect of the upper shell part and the pressure sensor, synchronous monitoring of vertical pressure and horizontal pressure is achieved, the multiple side inclined plates are distributed in a surrounding mode and cover different directions, data distortion caused by uneven loading of a rock stratum can be avoided, and therefore the monitoring precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine pressure monitoring technology, specifically a device for monitoring the pressure of the roof in a goaf. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining technology, the support pressure in the goaf behind the working face is an important part of mine pressure research. When cutting the roof and releasing pressure along the goaf, the change in pressure in the goaf can directly reflect the collapse of the roof strata in the goaf, thereby judging the roof cutting effect, and further analyzing the situation of the short wall beams after roof cutting, providing a basis for the calculation of roadway support along the goaf.

[0003] The invention patent with publication number CN110748382A provides a method and device for stress monitoring in a goaf. The device is installed in an installation groove in the bottom rock layer. Specifically, the device includes multiple hydraulic cylinders installed in the installation groove. The output ends of the hydraulic cylinders face upward and are connected to a bearing plate. A stress sensor is installed on the top of the bearing plate. In use, the multiple hydraulic cylinders are driven to lift and lower synchronously through the pressure equalization pipeline to ensure that the bearing plate is initially horizontal. After the bearing plate is lifted, it contacts the collapsed gangue, and the sensor collects vertical pressure data.

[0004] However, the stress sensors of the above-mentioned device are arranged on the upper surface of the bearing plate, which can only acquire the vertical pressure data generated by the collapse of the roof. They cannot capture the horizontal stress (such as lateral compressive stress) and the multi-directional pressure distribution characteristics, making it difficult to comprehensively analyze the roof collapse morphology and the movement law of the surrounding rock. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a goaf roof pressure monitoring device.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A roof pressure monitoring device for goaf areas, relating to the field of mine pressure monitoring technology, includes a main body of the device and a fixing mechanism at its lower part. The main body of the device includes a shell and a measuring mechanism inside it.

[0008] As the core technical concept of this utility model, the shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell. The upper shell includes a horizontally arranged central plate and multiple side inclined plates distributed around the edge of the central plate. Each side inclined plate is arranged facing the upper outer side of the shell. A through measuring port is opened on the central plate and the side inclined plates. The measuring mechanism includes several pressure sensors arranged corresponding to each measuring port.

[0009] The central plate measures vertical pressure, while the side plates, through their tilt angle (e.g., 45 degrees), can decompose the horizontal pressure component of the collapsing rock layer from the top plate, achieving simultaneous monitoring of vertical and horizontal pressure. Furthermore, multiple side plates are distributed around the perimeter, covering different directions, which can avoid data distortion caused by uneven loading of the rock layer.

[0010] As a further implementation, the detection surface of the pressure sensor passes through the measuring port and is flush with the outer surface of the corresponding center plate or side plate.

[0011] Preferably, the upper shell is a hollow frustum structure.

[0012] To facilitate the installation and leveling of the housing, the fixing mechanism is also connected to an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the position and posture of the main body of the device.

[0013] Specifically, the adjustment mechanism includes a stepper motor capable of adjusting the posture of the main body of the device, and also includes a gyroscope sensor that is communicatively connected to the stepper motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower shell is a rectangular box structure with the opening facing upwards, and stepper motors are installed at each of the four corners inside.

[0015] As a further implementation, the fixing mechanism includes a connecting plate and a vertically sliding fixed anchor rod on it. The stepper motor is a lead screw type stepper motor, with the lower end of the lead screw passing through the lower shell and connected to the connecting plate for transmission. The upper end of the fixed anchor rod is also provided with a locking nut.

[0016] During installation, the locking nut is tightened to pre-fix the position of the housing, and the levelness of the housing is monitored by a gyroscope sensor. The stepper motor leadscrew is controlled to extend and retract to adjust the position of the housing until the housing is leveled and the locking nut is used to fix the housing. This solves the problem of data deviation caused by installation tilt in traditional devices.

[0017] To protect the conductors, a cable sheath is provided on one side of the housing, and the conductors of the pressure sensor, gyroscope sensor and stepper motor are all designed to run through the cable sheath.

[0018] Furthermore, a plastic flexible tube is also fitted on the outside of the cable sheath.

[0019] Furthermore, the cable sheath is arranged in a serpentine pattern inside the plastic flexible conduit.

[0020] The beneficial effect of this utility model of a goaf roof pressure monitoring device is that, through the special design of the upper shell structure and its combination with pressure sensors, it realizes the synchronous monitoring of vertical and horizontal pressure. Moreover, the multiple side inclined plates are distributed around and cover different directions, which can avoid data distortion caused by uneven loading of rock strata, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] In the attached diagram:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a goaf roof pressure monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main body of the device in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a goaf roof pressure monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fixed anchor rod in this embodiment (with the base plate hidden);

[0026] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0027] 1. Mounting slot; 2. Main body of the device; 21. Housing; 211. Center plate; 212. Side inclined plate; 2121. Side inclined plate measuring port; 22. Partition plate; 23. Pressure sensor; 3. Fixing mechanism; 31. Connecting plate; 32. Fixed anchor rod; 33. Locking nut; 34. Anchoring agent; 4. Adjusting mechanism; 41. Stepper motor; 411. Stepper motor lead screw; 42. Gyroscope sensor; 5. Base plate; 6. Internal wiring; 7. Cable sheath; 8. Plastic hose; 9. Steel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 This embodiment provides a goaf roof pressure monitoring device, including a device body 2 and a fixing mechanism 3 at its lower part. The device body 2 is fixed in the installation groove 1 of the bottom rock layer by the fixing mechanism 3, and is used to monitor the collapse of the goaf roof rock layer during coal mining.

[0029] The main body 2 of the device includes a steel housing 21 and a measuring mechanism inside it. The housing 21 includes an upper housing and a lower housing. The upper housing includes a horizontally arranged central plate 211 and multiple side inclined plates 212 distributed around the edge of the central plate 211. Each side inclined plate 212 is arranged facing the outer side of the housing 21. A through measuring port is opened on the central plate 211 and the side inclined plates 212. The measuring mechanism includes a number of pressure sensors 23 arranged corresponding to each measuring port.

[0030] The shell 21 has a thickness of not less than 10mm, and the measuring ports on the center plate 211 and the multiple side inclined plates 212 are all located in the middle of the plate. For example... Figure 1 Side inclined plate measuring port 2121 on the middle side inclined plate 212.

[0031] The inclination angle of each side inclined plate 212 is 30°-60°.

[0032] In this embodiment, the tilt angle of each side inclined plate 212 is preferably 45°.

[0033] Combination Figure 2 In this embodiment, the upper shell is a hollow truncated pyramid structure to disperse the impact force of the collapsing top rock layer, protect the internal measuring mechanism, and extend its service life.

[0034] In this embodiment, the upper shell is further provided with a partition 22 for installing the measuring mechanism. The partition 22 is composed of multiple support plates, which are respectively arranged parallel to the lower side of the center plate 211 and each side inclined plate 212. The distance between each support plate and the corresponding center plate 211 or side inclined plate 212 is the same and equal to the height of the pressure sensor 23. The position of each pressure sensor 23 corresponds to each measuring port.

[0035] The detection surface of the pressure sensor 23 passes through the measurement port and is flush with the outer surface of the corresponding center plate 211 or side inclined plate 212 to avoid the pressure sensor 23 protruding and causing local stress concentration, thereby improving its service life.

[0036] Combination Figure 2 The fixing mechanism 3 is also connected to an adjustment mechanism 4 that can adjust the position of the main body 2 of the device, so as to facilitate the installation and leveling of the housing 21.

[0037] Specifically, the adjustment mechanism 4 includes a stepper motor 41 that can adjust the position of the main body 2. The adjustment mechanism 4 also includes a gyroscope sensor 42 that is communicatively connected to the stepper motor 41. The lower shell is a rectangular box structure with the opening facing upward. The stepper motor 41 is provided at each of the four corners inside. The bottom surface of the upper shell coincides with the top surface of the lower shell. The gyroscope sensor 42 is located on the lower side of the support plate located below the center plate 211 and is centrally located.

[0038] It is understood that this device also includes a control unit. The gyroscope sensor 42 and the stepper motor 41 are respectively connected to the control unit via signal and electrical connection. The gyroscope sensor 42 measures the tilt angle of the device in real time. The tilt data is transmitted to the control unit through the gyroscope sensor signal line. The control unit sends a signal to the stepper motor 41, and the stepper motor 41 drives the stepper motor lead screw 411 to move.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 Based on the above design, the fixing mechanism 3 includes a steel connecting plate 31 and a fixing anchor rod 32. One end of the connecting plate 31 is provided with a vertical through hole, and the fixing anchor rod 32 slides vertically with the connecting plate 31 through the through hole. Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the fixing anchor rod 32.

[0040] The stepper motor 41 is a lead screw type stepper motor 41, and the lower end of the stepper motor lead screw 411 passes through the lower shell and is connected to the other end of the connecting plate 31 for transmission. The upper end of the fixed anchor rod 32 is also provided with a locking nut 33.

[0041] Specifically, a steel base plate 5 is provided at the four corners of the bottom of the lower shell. The base plate 5 is fixed to the end of the connecting plate 31 away from the through hole. The lower end of the stepper motor screw 411 of the stepper motor 41 passes through the lower shell and is rotatably connected to the base plate 5 through a rolling bearing.

[0042] The pressure sensor 23 can be a commercially available model such as GPD300, and the gyroscope sensor 42 can be a commercially available model such as BUD12.

[0043] In this embodiment, a cable sheath 7 is provided on one side of the housing 21. The wiring paths of the pressure sensor 23, gyroscope sensor 42, and stepper motor 41 inside the housing 21 are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the internal circuit 6, the wires of the pressure sensor 23, gyroscope sensor 42 and stepper motor 41 are passed through the cable sheath 7 to protect each wire. It can be understood that the wires here include signal lines and electrical wires.

[0044] Combination Figure 3 The mounting slot 1 is set in a direction away from the travel direction of the coal mining equipment, and preferably the mounting slot 1 is set in a direction perpendicular to the travel direction of the coal mining equipment. The coal mining equipment is a commercially available underground mining equipment, which is not shown in the attached drawings.

[0045] During wiring, the cable sheath 7 is set along the length of the mounting groove 1 and extends out to the underground ring network.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cable sheath 7 includes a polyvinyl chloride protective layer and a steel tape armored protective layer arranged from the inside out, as well as an insulating filler material disposed between the polyvinyl chloride protective layer and each conductor.

[0047] A plastic flexible tube 8 is also fitted on the outside of the cable sheath 7. The double protection of the cable sheath 7 and the plastic flexible tube 8 improves the resistance of each conductor to the impact of falling gravel from the top plate and the squeezing of the bottom bulge.

[0048] The cable sheath 7 is arranged in a serpentine pattern inside the plastic flexible tube 8 to allow for the length of each conductor and prevent the conductor from being broken by rock deformation.

[0049] During the specific deployment, firstly, an installation trench 1 is excavated in the bottom rock stratum, and the bottom of the installation trench 1 is leveled. Then, the device is pre-fixed in the predetermined installation position in the installation trench 1 by each fixed anchor rod 32. The level of the shell 21 is monitored by the adjustment mechanism 4, and the stepper motor 41 is controlled to fix the connecting plate 31 to the bottom of the installation trench 1 with the locking nut 33 while leveling the shell 21. The shell 21 is then fixed and leveled. Then, the cable sheath 7 is set along the length of the installation trench 1 and connected to the underground ring network. Then, the area of ​​the installation trench 1 around the device is filled with sand or soil and compacted to improve the stability of the device during use. Finally, steel plates 9 are also set on both sides of the device to assist the coal mining equipment in passing through the installation trench 1.

[0050] In some cases, when the device shifts during the filling of the installation slot 1 around the device or after the collapse of the roof rock layer in the goaf, the stepper motor can be controlled to level the housing based on the feedback data of the gyroscope sensor. The design of the fixed anchor rod 32 sliding vertically on the connecting plate 31 allows the device to be leveled even after it is fixed when it shifts due to the pressure of the roof rock layer. It is understood that in the above two cases, the amount of shift generated by the device is usually small, and the adjustment space of the device meets the usage requirements.

[0051] This device solves the problem of monitoring data deviation caused by the inability of traditional devices to guarantee horizontality due to fixation or the device not being horizontal after the collapse of the roof rock layer.

[0052] Meanwhile, when monitoring the pressure of the roof rock strata, the central plate 211 measures the vertical pressure, and the inclined plate 212 can decompose the horizontal pressure component of the roof rock strata by tilting angle, realizing the synchronous monitoring of vertical and horizontal pressure. Moreover, multiple inclined plates 212 are distributed around and cover different directions, which can avoid data distortion caused by uneven loading of rock strata.

Claims

1. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device, characterized by, It includes a device body (2) and a fixing mechanism (3) at its lower part, wherein the device body (2) includes a housing (21) and a measuring mechanism inside it; The shell (21) includes an upper shell and a lower shell. The upper shell includes a horizontally arranged central plate (211) and multiple side inclined plates (222) distributed around the edge of the central plate (211). Each side inclined plate (222) is arranged facing the upper outer side of the shell (21). Both the central plate (211) and the side inclined plate (222) are provided with through measuring ports, and the measuring mechanism includes a number of pressure sensors (23) corresponding to each measuring port.

2. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The detection surface of the pressure sensor (23) passes through the measuring port and is flush with the outer surface of the corresponding center plate (211) or side plate (222).

3. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The upper shell is a hollow frustum structure.

4. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein, The fixing mechanism (3) is also connected to an adjustment mechanism (4) that can adjust the position of the main body (2).

5. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that, The adjustment mechanism (4) includes a stepper motor (41) capable of adjusting the position of the main body (2); The adjustment mechanism (4) also includes a gyroscope sensor (42) that is communicatively connected to the stepper motor (41).

6. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that, The lower shell is a rectangular box structure with the opening facing upwards, and the stepper motor (41) is provided at each of the four corners inside.

7. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The fixing mechanism (3) includes a connecting plate (31) and a vertically sliding fixing anchor (32) thereon; The stepper motor (41) is a lead screw type stepper motor, with its lower end passing through the lower shell and connected to the connecting plate (31) for transmission. The upper end of the fixed anchor rod (32) is also provided with a locking nut (33).

8. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The housing (21) has a cable sheath (7) on one side, and the wires of the pressure sensor (23), gyroscope sensor (42) and stepper motor (41) all pass through the cable sheath (7).

9. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that, A plastic flexible tube (8) is also fitted on the outside of the cable sheath (7).

10. A goaf roof pressure monitoring device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The cable sheath (7) is arranged in a serpentine pattern inside the plastic hose (8).

Images