Smelting furnace with explosion-proof device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting furnaces, and discloses a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device, which comprises a smelting furnace body, a sliding door is arranged on the front side of the smelting furnace body, an observation window is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding door, and a pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the smelting furnace body. According to the smelting furnace with the explosion-proof device, a plurality of groups of volute spiral springs in mirror symmetry and a movable sleeve are in linkage design, when the pressure in the furnace is abnormal, generated high-temperature and high-pressure airflow pushes a semicircular baffle to rotate, pressure relief work is gradually completed in a multi-stage pipeline, and cooling is achieved in a cooling box in cooperation with a U-shaped pipe; and the structure has the characteristics of multi-stage buffering and quick response, so that the detonation risk caused by an instantaneous pressure peak value can be avoided, the pressure balance in the furnace can be maintained through directional pressure relief, and the safety redundancy in the smelting process is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of smelting furnace technology, specifically to a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device. Background Technology

[0002] A smelting furnace can remelt different waste materials, and through processes such as slag removal and refining, they can be smelted into the desired items.

[0003] According to the published information on a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof structure (publication number: CN210346284U), the aforementioned application describes a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof structure that prevents excessive internal temperature and pressure from causing an explosion, thus achieving explosion protection, extending the service life of the smelting furnace, improving production quality, and reducing production costs. Simultaneously, the high-temperature gas entering the exhaust pipe is cooled and discharged after passing through a water tank, ensuring that the released high-temperature gas will not harm passing operators.

[0004] However, in actual use, if the pressure inside the furnace suddenly surges, the explosion-proof structure still needs to wait for the spring to do its work, which makes the piston mechanism unable to respond immediately. In extreme cases of sudden pressure increase, there may be a risk of pressure relief lag. At the same time, the upper and lower pressure relief holes are directly exposed inside the furnace, and molten slag or impurities splashed during the smelting process may block the channels, hindering pressure release, requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance, and affecting the stability of the equipment. In view of this, we propose a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device, comprising a furnace body, a sliding door provided on the front of the furnace body, an observation window provided on the outer surface of the sliding door, and a pressure relief mechanism provided on the side wall of the furnace body, the pressure relief mechanism comprising:

[0007] A pressure relief box, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the furnace body, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a pressure relief cylinder. A fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief box. A screen is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing sleeve, and a hole is provided at the other end of the fixing sleeve. The inner surface of the hole is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end of the pressure relief cylinder, and a U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pressure relief cylinder.

[0008] A fixed shaft is provided, with one end of the fixed shaft fixedly connected to the inner surface of a fixed sleeve. One end of a spiral spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed shaft, and the other end of the spiral spring is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve. A baffle is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable sleeve. A groove is provided at the center of the fixed shaft, and the outer wall of a bearing is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the groove. A cooling box is provided on the lower surface of the pressure relief box.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed sleeve is provided with a cleaning mechanism, which includes a drive shaft. The outer wall of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first bearing. A cleaning scraper is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of the drive shaft. A second bearing is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the other end of the drive shaft. A fixing post is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second bearing. A fan blade is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the U-shaped tube is disposed inside the cooling box.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the movable sleeves and spiral springs is set in multiple sets, and every two sets of movable sleeves and spiral springs are distributed in a mirror symmetrical manner on the outer surface of the fixed shaft. The shape of the baffle is set in a semi-circle, and the number of the baffles is set in multiple sets, with every two sets of baffles distributed on the outer surface of the movable sleeves on both sides of the bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the number of fixed sleeves is set to two sets, and each set of fixed sleeves is distributed in a linear array inside the pressure relief box; the number of cleaning mechanisms is set to two sets, and each set of cleaning mechanisms is distributed in a linear array inside the fixed sleeves.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing sleeve includes a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end, and the diameter of the end of the fixing sleeve closer to the screen is larger than the diameter of the end of the fixing sleeve farther from the screen.

[0014] Preferably, the side wall of the furnace body is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support frame, and the upper surface of the support frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure relief box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This smelting furnace with explosion-proof device has a pressure relief mechanism that uses multiple sets of mirror-symmetrical spiral springs and movable sleeves in linkage design. When the pressure inside the furnace is abnormal, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure airflow pushes the semi-circular baffle to rotate, gradually completing the pressure relief work in the multi-stage pipeline. In conjunction with the U-shaped tube in the cooling box, the gas temperature and impact force are reduced significantly. This structure has the characteristics of multi-stage buffering and rapid response. It can not only avoid the risk of deflagration caused by instantaneous pressure peaks, but also maintain the pressure balance inside the furnace through directional pressure relief, significantly improving the safety redundancy of the smelting process.

[0017] 2. This smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device features a self-cleaning structure that effectively utilizes the high-temperature, high-pressure gas flow generated by pressure relief to drive the fan blades to rotate. Through the transmission shaft, the cleaning scraper moves circumferentially along the screen surface, scraping away slag and impurities adhering to the screen in real time. The linearly arrayed cleaning components cover the entire screen area, and combined with the bearing support system, ensure low-friction and stable operation, achieving fully automatic cleaning of the pressure relief channel. This solves the problem of easy clogging of traditional pressure relief holes, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and maintains a constant screen porosity, ensuring pressure relief efficiency and long-term system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural baffle of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 101. Sliding door; 102. Observation window; 103. Support frame; 2. Pressure relief mechanism; 201. Pressure relief box; 202. Fixed sleeve; 203. Baffle; 204. Screen; 205. Movable sleeve; 206. Groove; 207. Bearing 1; 208. Fixed shaft; 209. Scroll spring; 210. Pressure relief cylinder; 211. U-tube; 212. Cooling box; 213. Hole; 3. Cleaning mechanism; 301. Drive shaft; 302. Cleaning scraper; 303. Fan blade; 304. Bearing 2; 305. Fixed pile. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device, including a furnace body 1. A sliding door 101 is provided on the front of the furnace body 1, and an observation window 102 is provided on the outer surface of the sliding door 101. By providing the observation window 102, it is convenient for the staff to better observe the working conditions inside the furnace body 1 and promptly identify problems. A pressure relief mechanism 2 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1. The pressure relief mechanism 2 includes a pressure relief box 201, a fixed sleeve 202, a baffle 203, a screen 204, a movable sleeve 205, a groove 206, a bearing 207, a fixed shaft 208, a spiral spring 209, a pressure relief cylinder 210, a U-shaped tube 211, a cooling box 212, and a hole 213.

[0024] In this embodiment of the present invention, one end of the pressure relief box 201 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the other end of the pressure relief box 201 is fixedly connected to a pressure relief cylinder 210. A fixing sleeve 202 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief box 201, and the other end of the fixing sleeve 202 is provided with a hole 213. The inner surface of the hole 213 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end of the pressure relief cylinder 210. A U-shaped tube 211 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pressure relief cylinder 210. Through the connection of multiple stages of pipes, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be effectively cooled and depressurized initially, so that the gas entering the U-shaped tube 211 has a relatively slow flow rate, which can better cool the gas. The end of the fixing shaft 208 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixing sleeve 202. One end of a spiral spring 209 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed shaft 208, and the other end of the spiral spring 209 is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve 205. A baffle 203 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable sleeve 205. A groove 206 is provided at the center of the fixed shaft 208. The outer wall of a bearing 207 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the groove 206. A cooling box 212 is provided on the lower surface of the pressure relief box 201. By setting the spiral spring 209, the movable sleeve 205 and the baffle 203, the baffle 203 can generate a timely, effective and rapid rotational displacement when high temperature and high pressure gas arrives, so that the high temperature and high pressure gas can pass through quickly. The response time is fast and the residence time is short, which can more effectively avoid dangerous phenomena caused by instantaneous high pressure.

[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, a cleaning mechanism 3 is provided inside the movable sleeve 205. The cleaning mechanism 3 includes a drive shaft 301, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of bearing 207. A cleaning scraper 302 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of the drive shaft 301, and a bearing 304 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the other end of the drive shaft 301. A fixing post 305 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of bearing 304. A fan blade 303 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft 301. When high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the fan blade 303, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is cleaned. The compressed gas will drive the fan blades 303 to rotate, thereby driving the entire drive shaft 301 to rotate. This will further drive the cleaning scraper 302, which is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 301, to rotate. There are multiple sets of cleaning scrapers 302, with three sets of cleaning scrapers 302 arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the drive shaft 301. This allows for better cleaning of the screen 204, preventing clogging of the screen 204 caused by splashed slag or impurities during the smelting process. It also facilitates the release of pressure in the equipment, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning and improving production efficiency.

[0026] In addition, the U-shaped tube 211 is installed inside the cooling box 212, which contains coolant to better cool the gas inside the U-shaped tube 211. Multiple sets of movable sleeves 205 and spiral springs 209 are provided, with each pair of movable sleeves 205 and spiral springs 209 distributed symmetrically in a mirror image on the outer surface of the fixed shaft 208. Simultaneously, the baffle 203 is semi-circular in shape, and multiple sets of baffles 203 are provided, with each pair of baffles 203 distributed on the outer surface of the movable sleeves 205 on both sides of the bearing 207. The baffle 203 above the fixed shaft 208 is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 205 on the left, and the baffle 203 below the fixed shaft 208 is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 205 on the right. This allows the baffles 203 on both sides to rotate independently, enhancing the airflow efficiency of the mechanism. Furthermore, the short movement distance prevents lag caused by instantaneous high-temperature, high-pressure gas, further improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0027] In this embodiment of the utility model, two sets of fixed sleeves 202 are provided, and each set of fixed sleeves 202 is arranged in a linear array inside the pressure relief box 201. Two sets of cleaning mechanisms 3 are provided, and each set of cleaning mechanisms 3 is arranged in a linear array inside the fixed sleeves 202. At the same time, the fixed sleeves 202 include a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The diameter of the end of the fixed sleeve 202 near the screen 204 is smaller than the diameter of the end of the fixed sleeve 202 away from the screen 204. Through this design, the baffle 203 can be rotated and displaced. When the baffle 203 rebounds, due to the difference in diameter, the baffle 203 can rebound to the initial position better. The side wall of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support frame 103. The upper surface of the support frame 103 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cooling box 212. By providing the support frame 103, the cooling box 212 can be better supported.

[0028] In this invention, during use, the operator places the material to be melted into the furnace body 1 and begins heating. When the internal pressure of the furnace body 1 rises abnormally, high-temperature, high-pressure gas first rushes into the pressure relief box 201, impacting the mirror-symmetrical movable sleeve 205 inside the fixed sleeve 202. This causes the spiral spring 209 to extend and drive multiple sets of semi-circular baffles 203 to deflect synchronously, forming a graded pressure relief channel. After the gas passes through the large-diameter end screen 204 to filter the molten slag, it accelerates along the fixed sleeve 202 and is introduced through the pressure relief cylinder 210 into the U-shaped cooling tank 212. The tube 211 performs gas-liquid heat exchange, achieving cooling and pressure reduction before safe discharge. During this process, the high-speed airflow synchronously drives the fan blades 303 inside the fixed sleeve 202 to rotate, which in turn drives the linearly arrayed cleaning scrapers 302 to scrape the inner wall of the screen 204 through the transmission shaft 301, automatically peeling off the attached slag and ensuring that the pores of the screen 204 are unobstructed. This equipment achieves dynamic pressure balance and continuous anti-clogging function through the synergistic effect of pressure self-triggered pressure relief and airflow self-driven cleaning, maintaining the safety and stability of the smelting process without the need for external energy input.

[0029] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device, comprising a smelting furnace body (1), the front surface of the smelting furnace body (1) is provided with a sliding door (101), the outer surface of the sliding door (101) is provided with an observation window (102), characterized in that: The side wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a pressure relief mechanism (2), the pressure relief mechanism (2) includes: A pressure relief box (201) is fixedly connected at one end to the side wall of the furnace body (1), and a pressure relief cylinder (210) is fixedly connected at the other end of the pressure relief box (201). A fixing sleeve (202) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief box (201). A screen (204) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing sleeve (202), and a hole (213) is provided at the other end of the fixing sleeve (202). The inner surface of the hole (213) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end of the pressure relief cylinder (210), and a U-shaped tube (211) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pressure relief cylinder (210). A fixed shaft (208) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of a fixed sleeve (202) at its end. One end of a spiral spring (209) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed shaft (208). The other end of the spiral spring (209) is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve (205). A baffle (203) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable sleeve (205). A groove (206) is provided at the center of the fixed shaft (208). The outer wall of a bearing (207) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the groove (206). A cooling box (212) is provided on the lower surface of the pressure relief box (201).

2. A smelting furnace with an explosion protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixed sleeve (202) is provided with a cleaning mechanism (3). The cleaning mechanism (3) includes a drive shaft (301). The outer wall of the drive shaft (301) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of bearing one (207). A cleaning scraper (302) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of the drive shaft (301). A bearing two (304) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the other end of the drive shaft (301). A fixing post (305) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bearing two (304). A fan blade (303) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft (301).

3. A smelting furnace with an explosion protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped tube (211) is located inside the cooling box (212).

4. A smelting furnace with an explosion protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable sleeve (205) and the spiral spring (209) are arranged in multiple sets, and every two sets of movable sleeves (205) and spiral springs (209) are distributed in a mirror symmetrical manner on the outer surface of the fixed shaft (208). The shape of the baffle (203) is set as semi-circular, and the number of baffles (203) is arranged in multiple sets, with every two sets of baffles (203) distributed on the outer surface of the movable sleeves (205) on both sides of the bearing (207).

5. A smelting furnace with an explosion-proof device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of fixed sleeves (202) is set in two sets, and each set of fixed sleeves (202) is linearly arrayed in the pressure relief box (201). The number of cleaning mechanisms (3) is set in two sets, and each set of cleaning mechanisms (3) is linearly arrayed in the interior of the fixed sleeves (202).

6. A smelting furnace with an explosion protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve (202) includes a large diameter end and a small diameter end. The diameter of the fixed sleeve (202) at the end near the screen (204) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed sleeve (202) at the end away from the screen (204).

7. A smelting furnace with an explosion protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support frame (103), and the upper surface of the support frame (103) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure relief box (201).

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