Battery module and vehicle
By changing the cell arrangement and adding heat insulation buffer pads and pressure relief grooves, the problem of high thermal runaway risk of ternary batteries was solved, and a low-cost and high-safety battery module design was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BATTERO TECH CORP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, ternary lithium batteries have a high risk of thermal runaway, and traditional protection measures are costly. How to improve the safety of battery modules at a low cost is a common concern in the industry.
By changing the arrangement of the battery cells, the first and second battery cell assemblies are alternately distributed in different directions and connected in parallel, using a back-to-back, large-surface-to-large-surface arrangement. Heat transfer is reduced through heat insulation buffer pads and pressure relief grooves, and air circulation is achieved through honeycomb holes, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
It effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway in battery modules, reduces the probability of heat transfer in individual cells, lowers costs, and improves safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224138201U_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Related applications
[0002] This application is a divisional application of Chinese Patent Application No. 2024219533045, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 12, 2024, entitled "A Battery Module and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] This application relates to the field of battery processing technology, and more specifically, to a battery module and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0004] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, many commercial vehicles have begun to use lithium batteries as their power source, especially in the heavy-duty truck sector, where the market share of new energy heavy-duty trucks is constantly increasing. Because heavy-duty trucks have a large load capacity, they need to carry high-capacity batteries to ensure range requirements. Traditional lithium iron phosphate batteries have relatively low energy density, which necessitates increasing battery placement space. Therefore, some battery companies are considering using ternary lithium batteries with higher energy density to maximize system capacity without increasing placement space.
[0005] Because ternary lithium batteries have high energy density, their internal reactions are quite active during thermal runaway, posing certain safety hazards. To mitigate this risk, industry designers incorporate various forms of protection during battery placement. While this approach is effective to some extent, it is also costly. Improving the safety of battery modules at a low cost is a common concern within the industry. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this application is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a battery module and vehicle that reduces the risk of thermal runaway by changing the arrangement of battery cells, which is low in cost and highly feasible.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows:
[0008] In one aspect of this application, a battery module is provided, comprising: a cell assembly, the cell assembly including a first cell assembly and a second cell assembly alternately distributed along a first direction, the first cell assembly being electrically connected to an adjacent second cell assembly, the first cell assembly including at least two first cells, the at least two first cells being sequentially distributed and electrically connected along the first direction, the second cell assembly including at least two second cells, the at least two second cells being sequentially distributed and electrically connected along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the height direction of the first direction and the second cell.
[0009] Optionally, it also includes a cover plate, which is placed on top of the battery cell assembly. The surface of the cover plate facing away from the first and second battery cells is a convex arc surface, and multiple pressure relief grooves are provided on the convex arc surface. The multiple pressure relief grooves correspond to the explosion-proof valves of the first or second battery cell, respectively.
[0010] Optionally, the cover plate is also provided with a liquid collection tank, which is used to collect the electrolyte flowing out of the pressure relief tank.
[0011] Optionally, the first cell assembly further includes a first heat-insulating buffer pad located between two adjacent first cells, the second cell assembly further includes a second heat-insulating buffer pad located between two adjacent second cells, and a third heat-insulating buffer pad is provided between the first cell assembly and the second cell assembly.
[0012] Optionally, the second cell assembly and the first cell have the same dimensions in the second direction.
[0013] Optionally, the first, second, and third heat insulation buffer pads are all provided with honeycomb holes. The first and third heat insulation buffer pads allow air to circulate with the outside through the honeycomb holes, and the second and third heat insulation buffer pads allow air to circulate with each other through the honeycomb holes.
[0014] Optionally, it also includes a cover plate, which covers the top of the first battery cell and the second battery cell. The top of the third heat insulation buffer pad is provided with a first stud. The cover plate is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the first stud. After the first stud passes through the first through hole, it cooperates with the first nut to fix the cover plate on the third heat insulation buffer pad.
[0015] Optionally, it also includes two end plates and a strap. The two end plates are located on opposite sides of the cell assembly in the first direction. The strap wraps around the end plates and the cell assembly in the first and second directions. The third heat insulation buffer pad is provided with a second through hole extending in the second direction. The strap is provided with a third through hole corresponding to the two ends of the second through hole. The fixing screw passes through the third through hole, the second through hole and another third through hole in sequence and then cooperates with the fixing nut to fix the strap on the third heat insulation buffer pad.
[0016] Optionally, it also includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate including a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected to the first connecting portion, the first connecting portion being used to connect to the terminals of at least two first cells in the first cell assembly, and the second connecting portion being used to connect to the terminals of at least two second cells in the second cell assembly.
[0017] In another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a vehicle is provided, including a battery module as described in any of the above.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this application include:
[0019] This application provides a battery module, including: a cell assembly, the cell assembly including a first cell assembly and a second cell assembly alternately distributed along a first direction, the first cell assembly being electrically connected to an adjacent second cell assembly, the first cell assembly including at least two first cells, the at least two first cells being sequentially distributed and electrically connected along the first direction, the second cell assembly including at least two second cells, the at least two second cells being sequentially distributed and electrically connected along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the height direction of the first direction and the second cell. In this battery module, the first cells are connected in parallel back-to-back (large surface to large surface) to form several first cell assemblies, and the second cells are also connected in parallel back-to-back (large surface to large surface) to form several second cell assemblies, and then the several first cell assemblies and second cell assemblies are connected together by back-to-side (large surface of the first cell to small surface of the second cell) to form a single cell assembly. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the heat can only be transferred over a large area within its surrounding sub-module (either the first or second cell module). Outside the sub-module, a large surface faces N (at least two) smaller surfaces, meaning each smaller surface receives only 1 / N of the heat. This significantly reduces the probability of thermal runaway occurring in adjacent sub-modules. Therefore, the cell arrangement in this battery module effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway, offering low cost and high feasibility. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0022] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second and third heat insulation buffer pads in the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.
[0026] Icons: 10-Battery module; 111-First cell assembly; 1111-First cell; 1112-First heat insulation buffer pad; 112-Second cell assembly; 1121-Second cell; 1122-Second heat insulation buffer pad; 113-Explosion-proof valve; 13-Cover plate; 131-Convex arc surface; 132-Pressure relief groove; 133-Collection tank; 1331-First collection tank; 1332-Second collection tank; 14- Third heat insulation buffer pad; 141-First stud; 142-Second through hole; 15-Honeycomb hole; 16-First nut; 17-End plate; 171-Second stud; 18-Binding strap; 19-Fixing screw; 20-Fixing nut; 21-Second nut; 22-Connecting plate; 221-First connecting part; 222-Second connecting part; 23-Output plate; X-First direction; Y-Second direction; Z-Height direction. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the various features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments are still within the protection scope of this application.
[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0032] Regarding one aspect of the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 A battery module 10 is provided, comprising: a cell assembly, the cell assembly including a first cell assembly 111 and a second cell assembly 112 alternately distributed along a first direction X, the first cell assembly 111 being electrically connected to an adjacent second cell assembly 112. The first cell assembly 111 includes at least two first cells 1111, which are sequentially distributed and electrically connected along the first direction X; the second cell assembly 112 includes at least two second cells 1121, which are sequentially distributed and electrically connected along a second direction Y, the second direction Y being perpendicular to the first direction X and the height direction Z of the second cell 1121.
[0033] It should be noted that the alternating distribution of the first cell assembly 111 and the second cell assembly 112 along the first direction X means that the first cell assembly 111 and the second cell assembly 112 are arranged in the manner of "first cell assembly 111-second cell assembly 112-first cell assembly 111..." or "second cell assembly 112-first cell assembly 111-second cell assembly 112...". Adjacent first cell assemblies 111 and second cell assemblies 112 are connected in series or in parallel. The first cells 1111 in the first cell assembly 111 are connected in parallel with each other, and the second cells 1121 in the second cell assembly 112 are also connected in parallel with each other.
[0034] Generally, the number of first cells 1111 in the first cell assembly 111 is equal to the number of second cells 1121 in the second cell assembly 112. When the first cells 1111 and the second cells 1121 are arranged, the top of the terminals and the explosion-proof valve 113 are facing the same direction.
[0035] When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, its heat is mainly diffused to the surrounding cells through its large surface area. Even if thermal insulation material is added between the large surfaces of the cells, this can only reduce heat conduction but cannot stop heat transfer. If adjacent cells are in contact with each other through their large surfaces, this heat will be transferred sequentially through the large surfaces, causing a chain reaction of thermal runaway.
[0036] In the aforementioned battery module 10, the first cells 1111 are connected in parallel with their large surfaces side by side to form several first cell assemblies 111. Similarly, the second cells 1121 are connected in parallel with their large surfaces side by side to form several second cell assemblies 112. These first cell assemblies 111 and second cell assemblies 112 are then connected together with their large surfaces side by side (the large surfaces of the first cells 1111 are side by side with the small surfaces of the second cells 1121) to form a single cell assembly. In the event of thermal runaway from a single cell, the heat can only be transferred within its own small assembly (either the first cell assembly 111 or the second cell assembly 112). Outside the small assembly, a large surface faces N (at least two) small surfaces, and the heat received by a single small surface is only 1 / N. This significantly reduces the probability of thermal runaway in adjacent small assemblies. Therefore, the cell arrangement in the aforementioned battery module 10 effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway, is low-cost, and highly feasible.
[0037] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery module 10 also includes a cover plate 13, which covers the top of the cell assembly. The surface of the cover plate 13 facing away from the first cell 1111 and the second cell 1121 is a convex arc surface 131. The convex arc surface 131 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief grooves 132, which correspond to the explosion-proof valves 113 of the first cell 1111 or the second cell 1121 respectively.
[0038] When the first battery cell 1111 and the second battery cell 1121 are arranged, the tops of the terminals and the explosion-proof valves 113 face the same direction. A cover plate 13 simultaneously covers the tops of all the first battery cells 1111 and the second battery cells 1121. The surface of the cover plate 13 facing away from the first battery cells 1111 and the second battery cells 1121 is a convex arc surface 131, which is higher in the middle and lower around the edges. Multiple pressure relief grooves 132 are provided on the convex arc surface 131, the number of which is equal to the total number of the first battery cells 1111 and the second battery cells 1121 in the battery cell assembly. Each explosion-proof valve 113 on the top of each first battery cell 1111 and the second battery cell 1121 corresponds to one pressure relief groove 132.
[0039] After thermal runaway, the gas inside the first cell 1111 and the second cell 1121 leaks out through the explosion-proof valve 113, carrying with it some electrolyte. This electrolyte splashes onto the top of the cells and accumulates, forming an external circuit between the cell terminals, leading to a short circuit and generating a large amount of heat inside the cells, thus accelerating the thermal runaway process. A pressure relief groove 132 is provided on the cover plate 13. The electrolyte leaking from the explosion-proof valve 113 enters the pressure relief groove 132, accumulates there, and flows along the convex arc surface 131 to the surrounding low-lying areas. This prevents the formation of an external circuit between the cell terminals, thus avoiding a short circuit.
[0040] Optionally, the cover plate 13 is also provided with a liquid collection tank 133, which is used to collect the electrolyte flowing out of the pressure relief tank 132.
[0041] Preferably, the liquid collection tank 133 includes a first liquid collection tank 1331 and a second liquid collection tank 1332. The first liquid collection tank 1331 is arranged around the edge of the convex arc surface 131, and the second liquid collection tank 1332 is arranged around the first liquid collection tank 1331, and the second liquid collection tank 1332 is located below the first liquid collection tank 1331.
[0042] The first electrolyte collection tank 1331 is located in the depression of the convex arc surface 131. The electrolyte flowing out of the pressure relief tank 132 will flow along the convex arc surface 131 to the first electrolyte collection tank 1331. After the electrolyte in the first electrolyte collection tank 1331 is full and overflows, it can flow into the second electrolyte collection tank 1332 along the surrounding side walls of the cover plate 13. This arrangement can prevent electrolyte from splashing and contacting other components of the battery module 10, thus avoiding short circuits in the cells. It can also reduce the risk of electrolyte damaging other components of the battery module 10, thereby reducing losses.
[0043] Since electrolyte needs to flow on the cover plate 13, the cover plate 13 can optionally be made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant insulating material.
[0044] To further reduce the risk of thermal runaway in battery module 10, optionally, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first battery cell assembly 111 further includes a first heat insulation buffer pad 1112, which is located between two adjacent first battery cells 1111. The second battery cell assembly 112 further includes a second heat insulation buffer pad 1122, which is located between two adjacent second battery cells 1121. A third heat insulation buffer pad 14 is also provided between the first battery cell assembly 111 and the second battery cell assembly 112.
[0045] The arrangement of the first heat-insulating buffer pad 1112, the second heat-insulating buffer pad 1122, and the third heat-insulating buffer pad 14 ensures that there is no direct contact between the battery cells. Furthermore, the first heat-insulating buffer pad 1112, the second heat-insulating buffer pad 1122, and the third heat-insulating buffer pad 14 not only provide heat insulation but also buffering (relieve expansion force). Therefore, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery module 10 can be further reduced.
[0046] Optionally, the second cell assembly 112 and the first cell 1111 have the same dimensions in the second direction Y, so as to facilitate the fixing between the first cell assembly 111 and the second cell assembly 112.
[0047] In this embodiment, the first battery cell 1111 and the second battery cell 1121 are both square battery cells with the same size. When arranging the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122, it can be designed using the difference between the width of the first battery cell 1111 (the dimension in the second direction Y) and the sum of the thicknesses of at least two second battery cells 1121 (the dimensions in the second direction Y).
[0048] For example, the first battery cell assembly 111 contains three first battery cells 1111, and the second battery cell assembly 112 also contains three second battery cells 1121. The first battery cells 1111 and the second battery cells 1121 have the same dimensions, both being 54 mm thick and 174 mm wide. The dimension of the first battery cell 1111 in the second direction Y is 174 mm, and the sum of the dimensions of the three second battery cells 1121 in the second direction Y is 162 mm (3 × 54 mm). That is to say, the side surface formed by the three second battery cells 1121 arranged together is 12 mm smaller in dimension than the front surface of a single first battery cell 1111. Therefore, in this embodiment, this 12 mm dimension is used to arrange the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122.
[0049] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first heat insulation buffer pad 1112, the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 and the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 are all provided with honeycomb holes 15. The first heat insulation buffer pad 1112 and the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 allow air to circulate with the outside through the honeycomb holes 15, and the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 and the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 allow air to circulate between each other through the honeycomb holes 15.
[0050] The honeycomb holes 15 are multiple through-holes that penetrate the two opposite surfaces of the heat insulation buffer pads (first heat insulation buffer pad 1112, second heat insulation buffer pad 1122, or third heat insulation buffer pad 14). The honeycomb holes 15 on the first heat insulation buffer pad 1112 and the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 extend along the second direction Y to allow airflow between them. The honeycomb holes 15 on the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 extend along the first direction X. Simultaneously, the area of the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 corresponding to the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 also has honeycomb holes 15 extending along the first direction X, which communicate with the honeycomb holes 15 extending along the second direction Y within the third heat insulation buffer pad 14. This allows airflow between the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 and the outside air. When the battery module 10 has a high temperature, cold air can be introduced into the battery module 10 to lower the temperature of the battery cells. Cold air enters the honeycomb holes 15 from the side of the battery module 10 and flows through the cell assembly using the flow channels formed by the honeycomb holes 15 on the first heat insulation buffer pad 1112, the second heat insulation buffer pad 1122 and the third heat insulation buffer pad 14, thereby carrying away the heat generated on the large surface of the cell.
[0051] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The battery module 10 also includes a cover plate 13, which covers the top of the first cell 1111 and the second cell 1121. The top of the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 is provided with a first stud 141. The cover plate 13 is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the first stud 141. After the first stud 141 passes through the first through hole, it cooperates with the first nut 16 to fix the cover plate 13 on the third heat insulation buffer pad 14.
[0052] For example, each third heat insulation buffer pad 14 has two first studs 141, and the two first studs 141 are disposed at opposite ends of the upper surface of the third heat insulation buffer pad 14 along the second direction Y.
[0053] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery module 10 also includes two end plates 17 and a binding strap 18. The two end plates 17 are located on opposite sides of the cell assembly in the first direction X. The binding strap 18 wraps around the end plates 17 and the cell assembly along the first direction X and the second direction Y to bind the end plates 17 and the cell assembly together. The third heat insulation buffer pad 14 is provided with a second through hole 142 extending along the second direction Y. The binding strap 18 is provided with third through holes corresponding to the two ends of the second through hole 142. The fixing screw 19 passes through the third through hole, the second through hole 142 and another third through hole in sequence and then cooperates with the fixing nut 20 to fix the binding strap 18 to the third heat insulation buffer pad 14.
[0054] For example, there are two straps 18, which are spaced apart along the height direction Z of the first battery cell 1111 and the second battery cell 1121.
[0055] For example, the end plate 17 is provided with a groove, the width of which is equal to or slightly larger than the width of the strap 18, and the strap 18 is tied in the groove of the end plate 17.
[0056] For example, the top of the end plate 17 is provided with a second stud 171, and the cover plate 13 is provided with a second through hole 142 corresponding to the second stud 171. After the second stud 171 passes through the second through hole 142, it cooperates with the second nut 21 to fix the cover plate 13 on the end plate 17.
[0057] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 1 The battery module 10 also includes a connecting plate 22, which includes a first connecting portion 221 and a second connecting portion 222 connected to the first connecting portion 221. The first connecting portion 221 is used to connect to the terminals of at least two first cells 1111 in the first cell assembly 111, thereby realizing an electrical connection between at least two first cells 1111 in the first cell assembly 111. The second connecting portion 222 is used to connect to the terminals of at least two second cells 1121 in the second cell assembly 112, thereby realizing an electrical connection between at least two second cells 1121 in the second cell assembly 112. The connection between the first connecting portion 221 and the second connecting portion 222 realizes an electrical connection between two adjacent first cell assemblies 111 and second cell assemblies 112.
[0058] Optionally, the battery module 10 also includes two output bars 23, which are respectively connected to a first cell assembly 111 or a second cell assembly 112 located at the edge in the first direction X.
[0059] If the cell assembly 111 is located at the edge, then the output tap 23 is used to connect to the terminals of at least two first cells 1111 in the first cell assembly 111. It can be understood that the terminals connected to the output tap 23 have opposite polarities to the terminals connected to the connecting tap 22 on the first cell assembly 111. That is, if the output tap 23 is connected to the positive terminal of a first cell 1111 in the first cell assembly 111, then the connecting tap 22 connected to the first cell 111 is connected to the negative terminal of the first cell 1111 in the first cell assembly 111; if the output tap 23 is connected to the negative terminal of a first cell 1111 in the first cell assembly 111, then the connecting tap 22 connected to the first cell 1111 is connected to the positive terminal of the first cell 1111 in the first cell assembly 111.
[0060] If the second cell assembly 112 is located at the edge, then the output tap 23 is used to connect to the terminals of at least two second cells 1121 in the second cell assembly 112. It can be understood that the terminals connected to the output tap 23 have opposite polarities to the terminals connected to the connecting tap 22 on the second cell assembly 112. That is, if the output tap 23 is connected to the positive terminal of a second cell 1121 in the second cell assembly 112, then the connecting tap 22 connected to the second cell assembly 112 is connected to the negative terminal of the second cell 1121 in the second cell assembly 112; if the output tap 23 is connected to the negative terminal of a second cell 1121 in the second cell assembly 112, then the connecting tap 22 connected to the second cell 112 is connected to the positive terminal of the second cell 1121 in the second cell assembly 112.
[0061] This embodiment also provides a vehicle including any of the battery modules 10 described above.
[0062] The vehicle includes the same structure and beneficial effects as the battery module 10 in the foregoing embodiments. The structure and beneficial effects of the battery module 10 have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.
[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A battery module, characterized by, include: A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a first battery cell assembly and a second battery cell assembly alternately distributed along a first direction, wherein the first battery cell assembly is electrically connected to an adjacent second battery cell assembly; The first battery cell assembly includes at least two first battery cells distributed sequentially along the first direction, and the at least two first battery cells are connected in parallel with their large surfaces facing each other. The second cell assembly includes at least two second cells distributed sequentially along a second direction, wherein the at least two second cells are connected in parallel with their large surfaces facing each other; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the height direction of the second cells.
2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a second heat insulation buffer pad, which is located between two adjacent second cells; a third heat insulation buffer pad is also provided between the first cell assembly and the second cell assembly.
3. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, Both the second and third heat insulation buffer pads are provided with honeycomb holes, and air can circulate between the second and third heat insulation buffer pads through the honeycomb holes.
4. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, The second cell assembly and the first cell have the same dimensions in the second direction; the second heat insulation cushion is designed using the difference between the width of the first cell and the sum of the thicknesses of the at least two second cells.
5. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a first heat-insulating buffer pad, which is located between two adjacent first cells.
6. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a cover plate, which is placed on top of the battery cell assembly. The surface of the cover plate facing away from the first battery cell and the second battery cell is a convex arc surface. The convex arc surface is provided with a plurality of pressure relief grooves, and the plurality of pressure relief grooves correspond to the explosion-proof valves of the first battery cell or the second battery cell, respectively.
7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, The cover plate is also provided with a liquid collection tank, which is used to collect the electrolyte flowing out of the pressure relief tank.
8. The battery module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cover plate is placed on top of the first battery cell and the second battery cell. The top of the third heat insulation buffer pad is provided with a first stud. The cover plate is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the first stud. After the first stud passes through the first through hole, it cooperates with a first nut to fix the cover plate on the third heat insulation buffer pad.
9. The battery module of claim 8, wherein, It also includes two end plates and a strap. The two end plates are located on opposite sides of the cell assembly in the first direction. The strap wraps around the end plates and the cell assembly along the first direction and the second direction. The third heat insulation buffer pad is provided with a second through hole extending along the second direction. The strap is provided with a third through hole corresponding to the two ends of the second through hole. The fixing screw passes through the third through hole, the second through hole and another third through hole in sequence and then cooperates with the fixing nut to fix the strap on the third heat insulation buffer pad.
10. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a connecting plate, which includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected to the first connecting portion. The first connecting portion is used to connect to the terminals of at least two first cells in the first cell assembly, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to the terminals of at least two second cells in the second cell assembly.
11. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the battery module as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.