Active output protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model provides an active output protection circuit, and belongs to the technical field of circuit protection. The active output protection circuit comprises a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage detection module, an undervoltage detection module, a motor control module, a motor and a voltage regulation module. The voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage of a load; the voltage acquisition module is connected in parallel with a load. The output end of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the input end of the overvoltage detection module and the input end of the undervoltage detection module. The output end of the overvoltage detection module and the output end of the undervoltage detection module are connected with the input end of the motor control module. The output end of the motor control module is connected with the input end of the motor, the output end of the motor is connected with the control end of the voltage regulating module, and the voltage regulating module is connected with a load in series. According to the invention, voltage regulation can be realized in a certain range, and the working continuity and stability of a circuit system are maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of circuit protection technology, and in particular to an active output protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of a circuit system, overvoltage and undervoltage phenomena occur frequently. Overvoltage can cause electronic components to withstand voltages exceeding their withstand voltage limits, which may lead to the breakdown of the insulation layer inside the component and damage to semiconductor devices. Undervoltage can prevent electronic equipment from starting normally or cause it to operate unstablely, both of which will prevent the entire circuit from working properly.

[0003] Most existing protection circuits immediately disconnect the circuit upon detecting overvoltage or undervoltage, lacking voltage regulation, resulting in poor circuit system stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] This disclosure provides an active output protection circuit to maintain the continuity and stability of the circuit system operation.

[0005] This disclosure provides an active output protection circuit, including: a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage detection module, an undervoltage detection module, a motor control module, a motor, and a voltage regulation module;

[0006] The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of the load; the voltage acquisition module is connected in parallel with the load.

[0007] The output of the voltage acquisition module is connected to the input of the overvoltage detection module and the input of the undervoltage detection module, respectively.

[0008] The output terminals of both the overvoltage detection module and the undervoltage detection module are connected to the input terminal of the motor control module;

[0009] The output of the motor control module is connected to the input of the motor, the output of the motor is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating module, and the voltage regulating module is connected in series with the load.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the motor control module includes: an overvoltage motor control unit and an undervoltage motor control unit;

[0011] The input terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module, and the output terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit is connected to the motor.

[0012] The input terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit is connected to the output terminal of the undervoltage detection module, and the output terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit is connected to the motor.

[0013] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the overvoltage motor control unit includes: a transistor Q1 and a relay K1;

[0014] Transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VDD, the emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the first input terminal of relay K1, and the second input terminal of relay K1 is grounded.

[0015] The common terminal of relay K1 is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor; the first output terminal of relay K1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the second output terminal of relay K1 is grounded.

[0016] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage acquisition module includes: a voltage sensor, resistors R5, R7, and R8, and an operational amplifier U6;

[0017] The voltage sensor is connected in parallel with the load; the output of the voltage sensor is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U6 through resistor R5; the inverting input of operational amplifier U6 is grounded through resistor R7; the output of operational amplifier U6 is fed back to the inverting input of operational amplifier U6 through resistor R8.

[0018] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the active output protection circuit further includes: an overvoltage protection module and a relay K3;

[0019] The input terminal of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition module;

[0020] The output terminal of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the first output terminal of relay K3; the second output terminal of relay K3 is grounded; the first input terminal of relay K3 is connected to the power supply VDD; and the second input terminal of relay K3 is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the load.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the overvoltage protection module includes: a resistor R3, an operational amplifier U5, and a transistor Q3;

[0022] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U5 is connected to the output of the voltage acquisition module through resistor R3; the inverting input of operational amplifier U5 is used to receive the third voltage reference signal Vref3; the output of operational amplifier U5 is connected to the base of transistor Q3.

[0023] The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the first output terminal of relay K3; transistor Q3 is a PNP transistor.

[0024] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the active output protection circuit further includes: an overvoltage alarm module;

[0025] The control terminal of the overvoltage alarm module is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage protection module.

[0026] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the overvoltage alarm module includes: a transistor Q4 and a buzzer U2;

[0027] The base of transistor Q4 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage alarm module; the emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply terminal of buzzer U2; the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply VDD; the ground terminal of buzzer U2 is grounded.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the active output protection circuit provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0029] This disclosure acquires the load voltage in real time through a voltage acquisition module, and compares it with a preset voltage reference signal through an overvoltage detection module and an undervoltage detection module to determine whether the voltage is within the normal range. If an abnormal voltage is detected, the motor control module drives the motor to adjust the resistance value of the voltage regulation module, thereby achieving precise regulation of the load voltage. This helps maintain the continuity and stability of the circuit system and reduces equipment downtime caused by abnormal voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an active output protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second active output protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the active output protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this solution, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this solution.

[0035] The term "comprising" and any other variations thereof in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention mean "including but not limited to," and are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, not limited to the examples listed herein. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0036] The implementation of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the specific accompanying drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an active output protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The active output protection circuit includes: a voltage acquisition module 10, an overvoltage detection module 11, an undervoltage detection module 12, a motor control module 13, a motor 14, and a voltage regulation module 15;

[0038] The voltage acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the voltage of the load; the voltage acquisition module 10 is connected in parallel with the load.

[0039] The output terminal of the voltage acquisition module 10 is connected to the input terminal of the overvoltage detection module 11 and the input terminal of the undervoltage detection module 12, respectively.

[0040] The output terminals of the overvoltage detection module 11 and the undervoltage detection module 12 are both connected to the input terminal of the motor control module 13;

[0041] The output terminal of the motor control module 13 is connected to the input terminal of the motor 14, and the output terminal of the motor 14 is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating module 15.

[0042] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition module 10 can acquire the load voltage and send the acquired load voltage to the overvoltage detection module 11 and the undervoltage detection module 12. The overvoltage detection module 11 can detect whether the load voltage is higher than the first voltage reference signal Vref1, and the undervoltage detection module 12 can detect whether the load voltage is lower than the second voltage reference signal Vref2. If the load voltage is higher than the first voltage reference signal Vref1, the motor control module 13 controls the motor 14 to rotate forward, so that the motor control module 13 drives the control terminal of the voltage regulation module 15 to reduce the voltage drop across the load. If the load voltage is lower than the second voltage reference signal Vref2, the motor control module 13 controls the motor 14 to rotate in reverse, so that the motor control module 13 drives the control terminal of the voltage regulation module 15 to increase the voltage drop across the load and bring its voltage within the normal range.

[0043] Specifically, the voltage regulating module 15 can be a voltage regulator connected in series with the load. The control terminal of the voltage regulator is the control terminal of the voltage regulating module 15, and the load voltage connected in series with it can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage regulator. The overvoltage detection module 11 includes: a resistor R2 and an operational amplifier U3; the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition module 10 through the resistor R2; the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first voltage reference signal Vref1; and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the input terminal of the motor control module 13.

[0044] The undervoltage detection module 12 includes a resistor R6 and an operational amplifier U4; the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the second voltage reference signal Vref2, and the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to the output of the voltage acquisition module 10 through the resistor R6; the output of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to the input of the motor control module 13.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, this disclosure acquires the load voltage in real time through the voltage acquisition module 10, and compares it with the preset voltage reference signal through the overvoltage detection module 11 and the undervoltage detection module 12 to determine whether the voltage is within the normal range. If an abnormal voltage is detected, the motor control module 13 drives the motor 14 to adjust the resistance value of the voltage regulation module 15, thereby achieving precise regulation of the load voltage. This helps to maintain the continuity and stability of the circuit system and reduce equipment downtime caused by abnormal voltage.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second active output protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 3 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the active output protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. (Reference) Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of this disclosure, the motor control module 13 includes: an overvoltage motor control unit 131 and an undervoltage motor control unit 132;

[0047] The input terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit 131 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module 11, and the output terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit 131 is connected to the motor 14.

[0048] The input terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit 132 is connected to the output terminal of the undervoltage detection module 12, and the output terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit 132 is connected to the motor 14.

[0049] The overvoltage motor control unit 131 includes: a transistor Q1 and a relay K1;

[0050] Transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module 11, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VDD, the emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the first input terminal of relay K1, and the second input terminal of relay K1 is grounded.

[0051] The common terminal of relay K1 is connected to the power supply terminal of motor 14; the first output terminal of relay K1 is connected to power supply VDD, and the second output terminal of relay K1 is grounded.

[0052] The undervoltage motor control unit 132 includes: a transistor Q2 and a relay K2;

[0053] Transistor Q2 is a PNP transistor. The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the output terminal of undervoltage detection module 12, the emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to power supply VDD, the collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the first input terminal of relay K2, and the second input terminal of relay K2 is grounded.

[0054] The common terminal of relay K2 is connected to the ground terminal of motor 14, the first output terminal of relay K2 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the second output terminal of relay K2 is grounded.

[0055] The voltage acquisition module 10 includes: a voltage sensor, resistor R5, resistor R7, resistor R8, and operational amplifier U6;

[0056] The voltage sensor is connected in parallel with the load; the output of the voltage sensor is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U6 through resistor R5; the inverting input of operational amplifier U6 is grounded through resistor R7; the output of operational amplifier U6 is fed back to the inverting input of operational amplifier U6 through resistor R8.

[0057] The initial state of relay K1 is connected to the second output terminal of relay K1, and the initial state of relay K2 is connected to the second output terminal of relay K2. In this embodiment, when the overvoltage detection module 11 detects that the load voltage is higher than the preset first voltage reference signal Vref1, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3 outputs a high-level signal. At this time, the transistor Q1 is turned on, the relay K1 is energized, and the relay K1 is energized. The conducting state is connected to the first output terminal. At this time, the power supply VCC applies a positive current to the motor 14, the motor 14 rotates forward, driving the control terminal of the voltage regulation module 15 to reduce the voltage drop of the load, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the circuit and the load.

[0058] When the undervoltage detection module 12 detects that the load voltage is greater than the preset second voltage reference signal Vref2, the undervoltage detection module 12 outputs a low level, the transistor Q2 is turned on, the relay K2 is energized and the relay K2 is energized, and the conducting state is connected to the first output terminal. At this time, the power supply VCC applies reverse current to the motor 14, the motor 14 reverses, drives the control terminal of the voltage regulation module 15, increases the voltage division of the load, and achieves the purpose of protecting the circuit and the load.

[0059] Considering that the output of the voltage sensor is relatively weak, it can be amplified. The amplification factor can be controlled by adjusting the resistance values ​​of resistors R7 and R8.

[0060] As can be seen from the above, by subdividing the motor control module 13 into an overvoltage motor control unit 131 and an undervoltage motor control unit 132, this disclosure improves the response speed and accuracy to voltage anomalies, enabling the motor 14 to adjust its working state in a timely manner according to the detected voltage conditions.

[0061] Figure 3 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the active output protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. (Reference) Figure 3 In one embodiment of this disclosure, the active output protection circuit further includes: an overvoltage protection module 16 and a relay K3;

[0062] The input terminal of the overvoltage protection module 16 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition module 10;

[0063] The output terminal of the overvoltage protection module 16 is connected to the first output terminal of the relay K3; the second output terminal of the relay K3 is grounded; the first input terminal of the relay K3 is connected to the power supply VDD; and the second input terminal of the relay K3 is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the load.

[0064] The overvoltage protection module 16 includes: resistor R3, operational amplifier U5, and transistor Q3;

[0065] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U5 is connected to the output of voltage acquisition module 10 through resistor R3; the inverting input of operational amplifier U5 is used to receive the third voltage reference signal Vref3; the output of operational amplifier U5 is connected to the base of transistor Q3.

[0066] The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the first output terminal of relay K3; transistor Q3 is a PNP transistor.

[0067] The active output protection circuit also includes: an overvoltage alarm module 17;

[0068] The control terminal of the overvoltage alarm module 17 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage protection module 16.

[0069] The overvoltage alarm module 17 includes: transistor Q4 and buzzer U2;

[0070] The base of transistor Q4 is connected to the output terminal of overvoltage alarm module 17; the emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply terminal of buzzer U2; the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to power supply VDD; the ground terminal of buzzer U2 is grounded.

[0071] Transistor Q4 is an NPN transistor. In this embodiment, considering that the adjustment of the voltage regulation module 15 has an upper limit, when the detected voltage value is higher than the third voltage reference signal Vref3, it means that the voltage of the load cannot be effectively reduced by the adjustment module. At this time, the operational amplifier U5 outputs a high level, transistor Q3 is cut off, relay K3 loses voltage supply, and relay K3 is turned off. At this time, the power supply to the load is disconnected to achieve the purpose of protecting the load and the circuit.

[0072] Secondly, the operational amplifier U5 outputs a high level, causing the transistor Q4 to conduct. The power supply VDD powers the buzzer U2, which then emits an alarm sound to remind relevant personnel to handle the situation promptly.

[0073] As can be seen from the above, by introducing the overvoltage protection module 16, the circuit can automatically cut off the power supply to the load when the voltage exceeds a preset safety threshold, preventing circuit damage or load failure caused by excessive voltage and significantly enhancing the circuit's overvoltage protection capability. This disclosure not only possesses the basic protection function of voltage regulation via the voltage regulating module 15, but also adds the overvoltage protection module 16 as another protection method. When the voltage regulating module 15 fails to effectively reduce the voltage, the overvoltage protection module 16 will activate, ensuring the safety of the circuit and load, and improving the reliability and stability of this disclosure.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An active output protection circuit, characterized by include: Voltage acquisition module, overvoltage detection module, undervoltage detection module, motor control module, motor and voltage regulation module; The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of the load; the voltage acquisition module is connected in parallel with the load; The output terminal of the voltage acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the overvoltage detection module and the input terminal of the undervoltage detection module, respectively. The output terminals of the overvoltage detection module and the undervoltage detection module are both connected to the input terminal of the motor control module. The output terminal of the motor control module is connected to the input terminal of the motor, the output terminal of the motor is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating module, and the voltage regulating module is connected in series with the load.

2. The active output protection circuit of claim 1, wherein, The motor control module includes: an overvoltage motor control unit and an undervoltage motor control unit; The input terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module, and the output terminal of the overvoltage motor control unit is connected to the motor. The input terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit is connected to the output terminal of the undervoltage detection module, and the output terminal of the undervoltage motor control unit is connected to the motor.

3. The active output protection circuit of claim 2, wherein, The overvoltage motor control unit includes: transistor Q1 and relay K1; The transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage detection module. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VDD. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the first input terminal of the relay K1. The second input terminal of the relay K1 is grounded. The common terminal of relay K1 is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor; the first output terminal of relay K1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the second output terminal of relay K1 is grounded.

4. The active output protection circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage acquisition module includes: a voltage sensor, resistors R5, R7, and R8, and an operational amplifier U6; The voltage sensor is connected in parallel with the load; the output terminal of the voltage sensor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U6 through the resistor R5; the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U6 is grounded through the resistor R7; the output terminal of the operational amplifier U6 is fed back to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U6 through the resistor R8.

5. The active output protection circuit of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: Overvoltage protection module and relay K3; The input terminal of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition module; The output terminal of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the first output terminal of the relay K3; the second output terminal of the relay K3 is grounded; the first input terminal of the relay K3 is connected to the power supply VDD; and the second input terminal of the relay K3 is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the load.

6. The active output protection circuit of claim 5, wherein, The overvoltage protection module includes: resistor R3, operational amplifier U5, and transistor Q3; The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U5 is connected to the output of the voltage acquisition module through the resistor R3; the inverting input of the operational amplifier U5 is used to receive the third voltage reference signal Vref3; the output of the operational amplifier U5 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3. The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to power supply VDD, and the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the first output terminal of relay K3; transistor Q3 is a PNP transistor.

7. The active output protection circuit of claim 5, wherein, Also includes: Overvoltage alarm module; The control terminal of the overvoltage alarm module is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage protection module.

8. The active output protection circuit of claim 7, wherein, The overvoltage alarm module includes: transistor Q4 and buzzer U2; The base of transistor Q4 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage alarm module; the emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply terminal of buzzer U2; the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply VDD; and the ground terminal of buzzer U2 is grounded.

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