Soil preparation and fertilization device for planting corn

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil preparation and fertilization device for planting corn. The device comprises a side cutter shell assembly, a soil loosening and fertilization device assembly and a ridge-shaped shaping assembly, the soil preparation and fertilization device for planting corn is designed, two times of ploughing operation including ditching and fertilization and ploughing and halving which are originally needed are integrated into a one-time soil preparation process, so that the soil preparation process is greatly simplified, the soil loosening and fertilization device unit is designed in the device, fertilization is directly carried out after a rotary knife rotates the soil, the application depth of base fertilizer can be accurately controlled, and the soil preparation efficiency is improved. The design of the ridge-shaped shaping units enables half-buckled soil to be fine and free of large soil blocks, so that corn seeding is facilitated, the seeding quality is improved, and the device can keep a root-soil complex formed by stubbles and soil in the last year upright without inclination in the soil preparation process, so that the soil preparation efficiency is improved. And the soil fixation and corrosion reduction effects are exerted to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fertilization devices, specifically a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn. Background Technology

[0002] Black soil is known as the "giant panda of arable land," but soil erosion has caused serious degradation of black soil in Northeast China, which is a very serious problem. Soil erosion includes wind erosion and water erosion, which have a significant impact on changes in soil properties, loss of soil nutrients, and land productivity. It is the main factor that causes black soil to become "lean," "thin," or even "disappear." Slope and planting methods are the main factors affecting the rate of soil loss.

[0003] Therefore, to effectively curb soil erosion on sloping farmland in the black soil region while simultaneously ensuring corn production, the technique of planting corn on evenly spaced, high-stubble-retaining ridges on the sides of sloping farmland in the steep Northeast black soil region is an effective method to balance corn production and soil erosion control on sloping farmland. This technique involves planting corn on evenly spaced ridges, typically 65cm wide. In the first year, corn is planted in the center of the ridge. During the autumn harvest, the stubble is left high (the roots are in the soil, closely integrated, which helps to stabilize and conserve soil). In the second spring, without disturbing the stubble, corn is planted only on one side of it. Before planting, basal fertilizer is applied by plowing along the furrow on the same side as the corn planting (sometimes basal fertilizer is directly spread in the furrow) (commonly called "furrow fertilization"). Then, on the side of an adjacent ridge, a portion of the ridge is broken up with a plow, and soil is poured into the side where the corn was planted (commonly called "half-filling"). This planting method is known as the "uniform ridge height and stubble retention for corn cultivation on sloping farmland." This technique is suitable for controlling soil erosion and conserving soil on sloping farmland. Compared to traditional farming methods, it reduces soil disturbance (disturbing only one side of the ridge), minimizing soil erosion from spring rains. Furthermore, by conserving moisture through less tillage, it effectively prevents spring drought and benefits corn production. This planting method has been widely accepted by farmers and is currently widely used in sloping farmland in the black soil region of Northeast China.

[0004] The existing corn cultivation technique of planting corn on the ridge side with uniform ridge height and stubble retention has the following defects: First, this technique requires two plowing operations: "ditching and fertilizing" and "half-plowing," which makes land preparation inconvenient. Second, if the first ditching is omitted and fertilizer is applied directly in the furrow, the base fertilizer will be applied too shallowly, significantly reducing fertilizer utilization efficiency. Third, the half-plowing operation requires the operator to strictly control the parallelism with the ridge, and it is easy to loosen or tilt the corn stubble left from the previous year, seriously affecting the erosion control and soil conservation effect of the root-soil complex formed by the stubble and soil. Fourth, the ridge surface formed after half-plowing often has large clods of soil, which makes corn sowing difficult and thus affects the quality of corn sowing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn, including a side-cutting blade housing assembly. The side-cutting blade housing assembly consists of a side-cutting blade body, an arched sidewall, an arched shed, and a rear crossbeam. A blade is provided on one outer wall of the side-cutting blade body, and an arched sidewall is fixedly connected to the other parallel side of the side-cutting blade body. An arched shed is fixedly connected to the top of the arched sidewall, and a soil loosening and fertilization device assembly is provided inside the arched sidewall and the arched shed.

[0007] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the soil loosening and fertilizing device assembly includes a longitudinal support rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a front horizontal support rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a rear horizontal support rod. Both ends of the front and rear horizontal support rods are fixedly connected to support wheel rods.

[0008] As a further technical solution of this utility model, one end of the support wheel rod is fixedly connected to a fixing rod, and one end of the fixing rod is rotatably connected to a small wheel.

[0009] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a power rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the longitudinal support rod, an attachment shaft is fixedly connected to the power rotating shaft, a knife holder is fixedly connected to the attachment shaft, and a rotary knife is fixedly connected to the knife holder. The power rotating shaft, attachment shaft, knife holder and rotary knife are all set inside the arched shed.

[0010] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a fertilizer inlet is provided on the outer wall of the arched shed.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a U-shaped baffle is fixedly connected to the rear horizontal support rod, and a fertilizer pipe is provided inside the U-shaped baffle, with one end of the fertilizer pipe sleeved inside the fertilizer inlet.

[0012] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the lower rear end of the arched sidewall and the rear crossbeam are both fixedly connected to the ridge side shaping plate in the ridge shaping component.

[0013] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a support column is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeam, and a ridge flat plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the support column.

[0014] The method of using this new corn planting land preparation and fertilization device includes step one, placement before use; and step two, land preparation and fertilization operation.

[0015] In step one above, the device is placed in the field before use;

[0016] In step two above, adjust the fertilizer outlet according to the fertilization requirements and fertilizer amount, start the tractor or small power machine, and ensure that the machine's direction of travel is parallel to the ridge direction.

[0017] As a further technical solution of this utility model, in step one, a plot of land suitable for planting corn on the side of a uniform ridge with stubble is selected in the black soil region of Northeast China. In the first year, a uniform ridge is formed with a ridge width of 0.65m. The corn seedlings are placed in the center of the ridge. After harvesting the corn kernels in autumn, the corn stubble is retained, and the stubble height can be within 30cm. In the second spring, a tractor with a fertilizer storage box or a small motor is selected and connected to the power rotation shaft of this device and the fertilizer pipe of this device, respectively, for the purpose of preparing the land for fertilization. The blade of the side-cutting blade faces the direction of forward movement, the plane on which the side-cutting blade is located is parallel to the ridge, and the position of the blade of the side-cutting blade is 24.5cm away from the ridge. The placement is then completed.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model is designed with a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn, which integrates the original two plowing operations of "ditching and fertilizing" and "plowing and burying half" into a single land preparation process, thereby greatly simplifying the land preparation process. The device is designed with a soil loosening and fertilization device unit, which can directly apply fertilizer after the soil is turned by a rotary cutter, which can accurately control the application depth of the base fertilizer and improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency. The design of the ridge shaping unit makes the soil after burying half fine and free of large clods, which is conducive to corn sowing and improves the sowing quality. In addition, the device can keep the root-soil complex formed by the previous year's stubble and soil upright and not tilted during the land preparation process, maximizing its role in soil stabilization and erosion reduction. At the same time, through the action of the ridge shaping unit, the newly formed ridges are regular and the ridge width is well controlled, which is conducive to the uniform growth of corn. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side view of the side-cutting blade housing assembly of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2This is a top view of the side-cutting blade housing assembly of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil loosening and fertilizing device assembly of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped baffle and fertilizer pipe of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ridge-shaped shaping component of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing rod and the small wheel of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the method of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of corn cultivation techniques for planting corn on sloping farmland in the black soil region of Northeast China, with uniform ridge height and stubble left on the ridge side.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Side-cutting blade body; 2. Blade; 3. Arched sidewall; 4. Arched shed; 5. Rear side beam; 6. Ridge shaping plate; 7. Fertilizer inlet; 8. Front horizontal support rod; 9. Rear horizontal support rod; 10. Longitudinal support rod; 11. Power rotation shaft; 12. Attachment shaft; 13. Blade holder; 14. Rotary blade; 15. U-shaped baffle; 16. Fertilizer pipe; 17. Support wheel rod; 18. Fixing rod; 19. Small wheel; 20. Support column; 21. Ridge surface leveling plate; 22. Side-cutting blade housing assembly; 23. Soil loosening and fertilizer applicator assembly; 24. Ridge shaping assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 6This utility model provides an embodiment of a corn planting land preparation and fertilization device, comprising a side-cutting blade housing assembly 22, a soil loosening and fertilizing device assembly 23, and a ridge shaping assembly 24. The side-cutting blade housing assembly 22 has a side-cutting blade body 1 made of iron, with a blade 2 located at the front side, 15cm high and 15cm long. The side-cutting blade body 1 is 10cm long. The side opposite to the blade 2 of the side-cutting blade body 1 is connected to an arched sidewall 3, forming a 170° angle with the plane of the side-cutting blade body 1 and the arched sidewall 3. The arched sidewall 3 is made of iron and is 42cm long. The upper end of the arched sidewall 3 is connected to an arched shed 4. The central axis of the arched shed 4 is perpendicular to the central axis of the side-cutting blade. The arched shed 4 is made of stainless steel and is 65cm long. A circular hole with a diameter of 8cm is located at the center of the rear side of the arched shed 4, serving as a fertilizer inlet 7. cm, on the side opposite to the side cutter of the arched sidewall 3, 3cm away from the arched shed 4, there is a rear side beam 5, made of steel, 65cm long, 7cm wide, and 0.5cm thick, parallel to the central axis of the arched shed 4; the front horizontal support rod 8 and rear horizontal support rod 9 of the soil loosening fertilizer applicator assembly 23 are made of steel, cylindrical, 65cm long and 1.5cm in diameter, parallel to the rear side beam 5. At positions 0cm and 32.5cm to the left of the front horizontal support rod 8 and rear horizontal support rod 9 are two longitudinal support rods 10, 41cm long, perpendicular to the front horizontal support rod 8 and rear horizontal support rod 9. The material, shape and diameter of the two longitudinal support rods 10 are the same as those of the front horizontal support rod 8 and rear horizontal support rod 9. At the middle position (20) of the length of the two longitudinal support rods 10.The 5cm power rotation shaft 11 is driven by a power source and rotates at a constant speed. The outer side of the power rotation shaft 11 is the attachment shaft 12, on which are two sets of blade holders 13. Each set of blade holders 13 contains two blades, and the rotating blades 14 can be freely disassembled. The four ends of the front horizontal support rod 8 and the rear horizontal support rod 9 are connected to support wheel rods 17. The length of the support wheel rod 17 to the arched canopy 4 is 15cm. Its material, shape, and thickness are the same as the front horizontal support rod 8 and the rear horizontal support rod 9. The end of the support wheel rod 17 is connected to the top of the fixed rod 18. The support wheel rod 17 is "H" shaped. The fixed rod 18 is made of steel and has a small wheel 19 in the middle. The small wheel 19 is made of hard plastic and has a diameter of 7cm. A U-shaped baffle 15, made of stainless steel, is located 24cm away from the rear horizontal support rod 9 and the arched side wall 3. The U-shaped baffle 15 encloses... The fertilizer pipe 16 is made of plastic, with a diameter of 7cm. The top of the fertilizer pipe 16 passes through the fertilizer inlet 7 on the arched shed 4 and connects to the fertilizer storage device. The support wheel rod 17, arched sidewall 3, and arched shed 4 are connected to form the support frame of the device. The ridge shaping component 24 has a ridge-side shaping plate 6 made of steel, shaped like a right-angled trapezoid. The upper side of the right-angled trapezoid is connected to the rear crossbeam 5, with a side length of 15cm, a lower side length of 4cm, and a right-angle side length of 15cm. There are two support columns 20 at positions 20cm and 40cm on the rear crossbeam 5. One end of each support column 20 is connected to the rear crossbeam 5, and the other end is connected to the ridge surface flattening plate 21. The support columns 20 are made of steel, cylindrical, with a diameter of 3cm and a length of 10cm. The ridge surface flattening plate 21 is made of steel, rectangular, 30cm long, 15cm wide, and 1cm thick, and is parallel to the ground.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 7 -Appendix Figure 8 The present invention provides an embodiment of a method for using a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn, comprising: step one, placing the device before use; and step two, land preparation and fertilization operation.

[0031] In step one above, a plot of land suitable for planting corn on the side of a uniform ridge with stubble left in the black soil region of Northeast China is selected. In the first year, a uniform ridge is formed with a ridge width of 0.65m. The corn seedlings are placed in the center of the ridge. After harvesting the corn kernels in autumn, the corn stubble is retained, with a stubble height of no more than 30cm. In the second spring, a tractor with a fertilizer storage box or a small motor is selected and connected to the power rotation shaft 11 and the fertilizer pipe 16 of this device, respectively, for the purpose of preparing the land for fertilization. The blade 2 of the side-cutting blade body 1 faces the direction of forward movement, the plane of the side-cutting blade body 1 is parallel to the ridge, and the position of the blade 2 of the side-cutting blade body 1 is 24.5cm away from the ridge. The placement is then completed.

[0032] In step two above, adjust the fertilizer outlet according to the fertilization requirements and fertilizer amount, start the tractor or small power machine, and ensure that the machine's direction of travel is parallel to the ridge direction.

[0033] Based on the above, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes a land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn. This device integrates the two cumbersome processes of "ditching and fertilizing" and "plowing and pruning" required in traditional agriculture into a single, efficient land preparation step, achieving significant simplification and optimization of the operation process, saving time and labor costs, and greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of farmland management. One of the core components, the soil loosening and fertilization device component 23, adopts advanced rotary blade 14 technology, which can accurately apply base fertilizer into the soil to a predetermined depth while rotating and breaking the soil, ensuring the uniformity of fertilizer distribution, effectively improving fertilizer utilization, and reducing nutrient loss. In addition, the ridge shaping component 24 makes the tilled soil exhibit a fine, clump-free structure, promoting the growth of corn. The effective integration of the seed contact surface with the soil creates ideal conditions for high-quality corn planting. This soil treatment method not only promotes rapid seed germination but also improves the emergence rate and seedling vigor. During land preparation, this device can maintain the root-soil complex structure formed by the previous year's crop stubble and soil, ensuring it remains upright and undamaged. This characteristic is of great significance for enhancing soil stability and reducing soil erosion, effectively promoting the practice of ecological agriculture and sustainable development. Finally, through the precise control of the ridge shaping component 24, the newly formed ridges are not only regular in shape but also have precise ridge width control, providing the best growing environment for the uniform growth of corn. This design is conducive to the uniform distribution of sunlight, water, and nutrients, further improving the yield and quality of corn.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A corn planter unit comprising a side knife housing assembly (22) characterized by: The side-cutting blade housing assembly (22) consists of a side-cutting blade body (1), an arched sidewall (3), an arched canopy (4), and a rear crossbeam (5). A blade (2) is provided on one outer wall of the side-cutting blade body (1), and an arched sidewall (3) is fixedly connected to the parallel side of the other side of the side-cutting blade body (1). An arched canopy (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the arched sidewall (3). A soil loosening and fertilizing device assembly (23) is provided inside the arched sidewall (3) and the arched canopy (4).

2. The corn planting and soil fertilizing apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The soil loosening and fertilizing device assembly (23) includes a longitudinal support rod (10), one end of which is fixedly connected to a front horizontal support rod (8), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a rear horizontal support rod (9). Both ends of the front horizontal support rod (8) and the rear horizontal support rod (9) are fixedly connected to support wheel rods (17).

3. The corn planter soil preparation and fertilization apparatus of claim 2, wherein: One end of the support wheel rod (17) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (18), and one end of the fixing rod (18) is rotatably connected to a small wheel (19).

4. The corn planter and soil applicator of claim 2, wherein: A power rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the longitudinal support rod (10), an attachment shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the power rotating shaft (11), a knife holder (13) is fixedly connected to the attachment shaft (12), and a rotary knife (14) is fixedly connected to the knife holder (13). The power rotating shaft (11), attachment shaft (12), knife holder (13) and rotary knife (14) are all located inside the arched shed (4).

5. The corn planter soil preparation and fertilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the arched shed (4) is provided with a fertilizer inlet (7).

6. The corn planter and soil applicator of claim 2, wherein: A U-shaped baffle (15) is fixedly connected to the rear horizontal support rod (9). A fertilizer pipe (16) is installed inside the U-shaped baffle (15), and one end of the fertilizer pipe (16) is sleeved inside the fertilizer inlet (7).

7. The land preparation and fertilization device for planting corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower rear end of the arched sidewall (3) and the rear side beam (5) are both fixedly connected to the ridge side shaping plate (6) in the ridge shaping component (24).

8. The corn planter soil preparation and fertilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein: A support column (20) is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeam (5), and a ridge flat plate (21) is fixedly connected to the other end of the support column (20).

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