Plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomizing efficiency

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of nozzles for atomization, in particular to a plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomizing efficiency, which comprises a jet flow channel, a plasma inlet and a plasma outlet, the jet flow channel is arranged in a body in a penetrating manner and is provided with the plasma inlet and the plasma outlet which are communicated with each other, and the plasma inlet is used for being communicated with a plasma generator; the plasma outlet is used for spraying plasma jet; the cooling pipeline is arranged in the body and surrounds the jet flow channel, a cooling inlet of the cooling pipeline is communicated with a cooling medium, an outlet of the cooling pipeline is communicated with an air outlet, and the air outlet is formed in the bottom end of the body and located on the periphery of the plasma outlet; the plasma atomizing nozzle is used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, a plasma atomizing nozzle is generally low in atomizing efficiency, and the service life is shortened due to heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of atomizing nozzle technology, and in particular to a plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomization efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Plasma atomization (PA) powder production is a process that uses pure metal or alloy wire as raw material to prepare spherical powder. Its main principle is that multiple coaxially arranged plasma generators eject plasma jets to instantly heat, melt, and break up the continuously fed wire along the axial direction. The broken metal droplets then fly in an argon atmosphere to cool and solidify, obtaining spherical metal powder. The production process takes place in an argon atmosphere, ensuring that the molten metal wire does not come into contact with any solid surface, thus guaranteeing the high purity of the powder product. The plasma atomizing nozzle is a key component in this technology. Its internal channels often employ a Laval structure design to enhance the plasma jet's function, primarily in the following aspects: ① Energy transfer and melt control: The nozzle accelerates the plasma jet through the Laval nozzle structure, achieving rapid melting and efficient atomization of the metal wire; ② High temperature resistance and corrosion resistance: The nozzle material must withstand the erosion of high-temperature plasma and metal vapor. Currently, tungsten-copper alloys or ceramic coatings are commonly used.

[0003] A utility model patent with publication number CN208195655U discloses an atomizing nozzle for aluminum powder production. This patent includes a nozzle middle body, a nozzle inner body, and a nozzle outer body. The nozzle inner body is fitted outside the nozzle middle body, and the nozzle outer body is fitted outside the nozzle middle body. The nozzle inner body is a hollow tubular structure with its inner cavity serving as an aluminum liquid flow channel. The nozzle middle body is connected to the nozzle inner body, forming a primary impact air chamber and a primary impact flow channel between them. A secondary impact air chamber and a secondary impact flow channel are formed between the nozzle outer body and the nozzle middle body. The outlet of the aluminum liquid flow channel, the outlet of the primary impact flow channel, and the outlet of the secondary impact flow channel are arranged sequentially along the aluminum liquid flow direction. This increases the airflow... The process involves subjecting the atomized aluminum liquid to a secondary high-pressure impact, resulting in finer atomized aluminum powder particles and improved ultrafine aluminum powder yield. However, related technologies, including the aforementioned solutions, still have several problems, such as: ① The plasma atomizing nozzle is subjected to the heat of the high-temperature plasma jet, resulting in extremely high temperatures and a large amount of thermal radiation, leading to low thermal energy utilization; ② The strength of the plasma nozzle material decreases after heating, further reducing the nozzle's resistance to the scouring effect of the plasma jet, resulting in a shorter lifespan; ③ The plasma jet atomizes the atomized droplets at a high velocity, and the atomized droplets still retain a high temperature, providing conditions for re-atomization and breakup, but existing technologies lack corresponding measures to fully utilize this potential. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomization efficiency, which solves the technical problems of low atomization efficiency and shortened service life due to heat in existing plasma atomizing nozzles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomization efficiency includes:

[0007] A jet channel is provided inside the main body and has a plasma inlet and a plasma outlet connected thereto. The plasma inlet is used to connect to a plasma generator, and the plasma outlet is used to eject a plasma jet.

[0008] The cooling pipe is located inside the main body and surrounds the jet channel. Its cooling inlet is connected to the cooling medium, and its outlet is connected to the air outlet, which is located at the bottom of the main body and on the outer periphery of the plasma outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling inlet of the cooling pipe is located on one end of the body near the plasma inlet and is tangent to the cooling pipe inlet, and the cooling pipe is arranged in a spiral shape around the jet channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. The first cooling pipe is connected to the cooling medium through a first cooling inlet, and the second cooling pipe is connected to the cooling medium through a second cooling inlet. The first cooling inlet and the second cooling inlet are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the jet channel. The first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe have the same pitch and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the jet channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet is configured as an annular groove formed by an inward indentation of the bottom surface of the body along the axial direction, and the annular groove is connected to the outlets of both the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the air outlet near the outer wall of the main body is set as a cone, and the size of the cone gradually decreases along the jet direction so that the gas flow direction discharged from the cooling pipe is close to the axis of the jet channel.

[0013] Furthermore, a transition hole is provided between the plasma inlet and the plasma outlet of the jet channel. The inner diameter of the transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the plasma inlet and the plasma outlet. Both the plasma inlet and the plasma outlet are set as conical holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the depth of the plasma inlet is H1, the depth of the transition hole is H2, the depth of the plasma outlet is H3, the maximum inner diameter of the plasma inlet is D1, the inner diameter of the transition hole is D2, and the maximum inner diameter of the plasma outlet is D3, wherein H1 = 3~8H2, H3 = 3~8H2, D1 = 1~3D2, and D3 = 1~3D2.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the first cooling pipe or the second cooling pipe and the axis of the jet channel is D4, and the outer diameter of the body is D5, wherein D5 = 1 to 2D4 and D4 > D1, D4 > D3.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle between the conical surface of the air outlet and the axis of the jet channel is α, where 5° < α < 75°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1). This utility model sets up a cooling pipe around the jet channel. By introducing a cooling medium through the cooling channel, the nozzle body can be cooled by heat exchange, which avoids the decrease in material strength of the nozzle body after being heated due to the high temperature of the plasma. This prevents the nozzle body from being affected by long-term high temperature and thus its service life. At the same time, the heat of the nozzle body can be recovered and reused through heat exchange, which avoids energy waste and improves energy utilization.

[0019] (2). This utility model improves atomization efficiency by setting the air outlet of the cooling pipe at the bottom of the body and on the outer periphery of the plasma outlet, and using the high-temperature airflow ejected from the cooling pipe to form a jet to further atomize the atomized droplets ejected through the jet channel.

[0020] (3). By setting the spiral shape of the cooling pipe, the shape of the air outlet, and limiting the dimensions of each part of the cooling pipe, this utility model can effectively improve the cooling efficiency while ensuring the strength of the nozzle body. By limiting the size of the jet channel, it is beneficial to improve the jet intensity of the plasma and improve the atomization effect in coordination with the cooling channel. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The diagram only shows the first cooling pipe;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The diagram only shows the second cooling pipe.

[0027] In the diagram, 100 is the main body; 101 is the jet channel; 1011 is the plasma inlet; 1012 is the transition hole; 1013 is the plasma outlet; 102 is the first cooling inlet; 1021 is the first cooling pipe; 103 is the second cooling inlet; 1031 is the second cooling pipe; and 104 is the air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent.

[0030] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of this application. The singular forms “a,” “described,” and “…” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also considered.

[0031] The word "the" is also intended to include the majority form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0032] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or"

[0035] The description of the relationship between associated objects indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "OR" relationship. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] To address the limitations of existing technologies, this embodiment provides a technical solution. The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] This utility model mainly addresses the technical problems of short nozzle life and low atomization efficiency caused by high temperature in existing ion atomizing nozzles, and optimizes the technology accordingly. The specific improvement scheme is as follows:

[0038] See appendix Figure 1 and 2 A plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomization efficiency includes a body 100, which has a conical shape. The nozzle body 100 has a jet channel 101 and a cooling pipe inside. In addition, a boss is provided on the top of the nozzle. The boss is mainly used for the adaptation and installation design of the nozzle and plasma generating equipment. It will not be described in detail here. The structure of the jet channel 101 and the cooling pipe will be described below.

[0039] See appendix Figure 3The jet channel 101 is disposed inside the body 100 and has a plasma inlet 1011 and a plasma outlet 1013 that are interconnected. The plasma inlet 1011 is used to connect to the plasma generator, and the plasma outlet 1013 is used to eject the plasma jet. A transition hole 1012 is also provided between the plasma inlet 1011 and the plasma outlet 1013 of the jet channel 101. The inner diameter of the transition hole 1012 is smaller than the diameter of the plasma inlet 1011 and the plasma outlet 1013. Both the plasma inlet 1011 and the plasma outlet 1013 are set as conical holes. Specifically, the depth of the plasma inlet 1011 is H1, the depth of the transition hole 1012 is H2, the depth of the plasma outlet 1013 is H3, the maximum inner diameter of the plasma inlet 1011 is D1, the inner diameter of the transition hole 1012 is D2, and the maximum inner diameter of the plasma outlet 1013 is D3, wherein H1=1~3H2, H3=1~3H2, D1=1~3D2, D3=1~3D2. Preferably, H1=6.5H2, H3=7.5H2, D1=1.6D2, D3=2D2. By limiting the size of the jet channel 101, it is beneficial to improve the jet intensity of the plasma and improve the atomization effect in coordination with the cooling channel.

[0040] See appendix Figure 3-6A cooling pipe is disposed inside the body 100 and surrounds the jet channel 101. Its cooling inlet is connected to a cooling medium, which is gas in this application. The outlet is connected to an outlet 104, which is located at the bottom of the body 100 and on the outer periphery of the plasma outlet 1013. Specifically, the cooling inlet of the cooling pipe is located on the body 100 near the plasma inlet 1011 and tangential to the cooling pipe inlet. The cooling pipe is spirally arranged around the jet channel 101. It can be understood that the direction of the cooling inlet entering the body 100 is tangential to the inlet end of the cooling pipe. The purpose of this design is to reduce the resistance when the gas enters. The cooling conduits include a first cooling conduit 1021 and a second cooling conduit 1031. The first cooling conduit 1021 is connected to the cooling medium through a first cooling inlet 102, and the second cooling conduit 1031 is connected to the cooling medium through a second cooling inlet 103. The first cooling inlet 102 and the second cooling inlet 103 are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the centerline of the jet channel 101. This central symmetry aims to effectively improve cooling efficiency and ensure the uniformity of cooling effect. The first cooling conduit 1021 and the second cooling conduit 1031 have the same pitch and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the jet channel 101. This spaced-apart arrangement can be understood as the two cooling conduits intersecting and spaced apart, which further ensures the uniformity of temperature after cooling within the body 100. The air outlet 104 is configured as an annular groove formed by an inward indentation of the bottom surface of the body 100 along the axial direction. This annular groove is connected to the outlets of both the first cooling conduit 1021 and the second cooling conduit 1031. The side of the air outlet 104 closest to the outer wall of the body 100 is configured as a conical surface. This side of the air outlet 104 closest to the outer wall of the body 100 is the outer peripheral surface of the air outlet 104. The size of this conical surface gradually decreases along the jet direction so that the gas flow direction discharged from the cooling pipe approaches the axis of the jet channel 101. Specifically, the angle between the conical surface of the air outlet 104 and the axis of the jet channel 101 is α, where 5° < α < 75°, preferably α = 8°. The distance between the first cooling pipe 1021 or the second cooling pipe 1031 and the axis of the jet channel 101 is D4, and the outer diameter of the body 100 is D5, where D5 = 1 to 2D4 and D4 > D1, D4 > D3. The purpose of this size limitation is to effectively improve the cooling efficiency while ensuring the strength of the nozzle body 100.

[0041] When using the atomizing nozzle disclosed in this utility model, high-temperature plasma enters the jet channel 101 through the plasma inlet 1011 and is ejected through the transition hole 1012 and the plasma outlet 1013 of the jet channel 101. At the same time, the cooling medium exchanges heat with the nozzle body 100 through the first cooling pipe 1021 and the second cooling pipe 1031 to cool it down. After absorbing heat, the cooling medium is ejected from the air outlet 104 to further atomize the atomized droplets ejected from the plasma outlet 1013, thereby achieving a significant improvement in atomization efficiency while cooling the nozzle.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A plasma atomizing nozzle having a high atomizing efficiency, characterized by comprising: include: A jet channel (101) is provided inside the body (100) and has a plasma inlet (1011) and a plasma outlet (1013) connected thereto. The plasma inlet (1011) is used to connect to the plasma generator, and the plasma outlet (1013) is used to eject a plasma jet. A cooling pipe is provided inside the body (100) and surrounding the jet channel (101). Its cooling inlet is connected to the cooling medium, and its outlet is connected to the air outlet (104). The air outlet (104) is located at the bottom of the body (100) and on the periphery of the plasma outlet (1013).

2. The plasma atomizing nozzle of claim 1, wherein The cooling inlet of the cooling pipe is located on the body (100) at one end near the plasma inlet (1011) and is tangent to the cooling pipe inlet. The cooling pipe is arranged in a spiral shape around the jet channel (101).

3. The plasma atomizing nozzle of claim 2, wherein The cooling pipes include a first cooling pipe (1021) and a second cooling pipe (1031). The first cooling pipe (1021) is connected to the cooling medium through a first cooling inlet (102), and the second cooling pipe (1031) is connected to the cooling medium through a second cooling inlet (103). The first cooling inlet (102) and the second cooling inlet (103) are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the jet channel (101). The first cooling pipe (1021) and the second cooling pipe (1031) have the same pitch and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the jet channel (101).

4. The plasma atomizing nozzle of claim 3, wherein The air outlet (104) is configured as an annular groove formed by the inward indentation of the bottom surface of the body (100) along the axial direction. The annular groove is connected to the outlets of the first cooling pipe (1021) and the second cooling pipe (1031).

5. The plasma atomizing nozzle of claim 4, wherein The side of the air outlet (104) near the outer wall of the body (100) is set as a cone surface. The size of the cone surface gradually decreases along the jet direction so that the gas flow direction discharged from the cooling pipe is close to the axis of the jet channel (101).

6. The plasma atomizing nozzle of claim 3, wherein A transition hole (1012) is also provided between the plasma inlet (1011) and the plasma outlet (1013) of the jet channel (101). The inner diameter of the transition hole (1012) is smaller than the diameter of the plasma inlet (1011) and the plasma outlet (1013). Both the plasma inlet (1011) and the plasma outlet (1013) are set as conical holes.

7. The high atomization efficiency plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 6, wherein The depth of the plasma inlet (1011) is H1, the depth of the transition hole (1012) is H2, and the depth of the plasma outlet (1013) is H3. The maximum inner diameter of the plasma inlet (1011) is D1, the inner diameter of the transition hole (1012) is D2, and the maximum inner diameter of the plasma outlet (1013) is D3, wherein H1 = 3 ~ 8H2, H3 = 3 ~ 8H2, D1 = 1 ~ 3D2, and D3 = 1 ~ 3D2.

8. A plasma atomizing nozzle with high atomization efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the first cooling pipe (1021) or the second cooling pipe (1031) and the axis of the jet channel (101) is D4, and the outer diameter of the body (100) is D5, wherein D5 = 1 to 2D4 and D4 > D1, D4 > D3.

9. The high-atomizing-efficiency plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, wherein The taper surface of the air outlet (104) and the axis of the jet channel (101) form an angle α, 5° < α < 75°.

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