Nucleic acid extraction and detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nucleic acid extraction and detection device which comprises a main body, a sample adding port, a sample outlet and a first piston, the main body is at least provided with a first chamber, a second chamber and a waste liquid chamber, the sample adding port and the sample outlet are both communicated with the first chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a diaphragm, and the waste liquid chamber is configured to be communicated with or disconnected from the first chamber; the first piston is arranged in the second cavity, the first piston can move relative to the second cavity so as to extrude a reagent arranged in the second cavity into the first cavity, and the diaphragm is configured to be damaged under the extrusion action of the first piston. During use, a reagent in the second chamber can be mixed with a sample in the first chamber by pushing the first piston, so that the sample can be treated, manual operation and solution adding and transferring steps can be reduced, and the operation complexity is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid detection technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid extraction and detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Nucleic acid extraction and detection refers to the technique of in vitro diagnosis of nucleic acids through biological samples. It typically requires taking a bodily fluid sample from the subject, extracting nucleic acid substances from the sample, and amplifying specific genes. After amplification, specific equipment and instruments are used to detect the molecular information of DNA or RNA, analyzing the type of gene being detected and its expression function, etc., to clarify the cause of the disease or predict the risk of the subject having a certain disease. It is widely used in disease diagnosis, gene research, and risk assessment. However, while traditional nucleic acid extraction and detection methods are effective, they have many shortcomings.

[0003] In related technologies, the nucleic acid extraction process requires lysis of crude samples, release of nucleic acid, washing and elution of nucleic acid, etc., which requires multiple manual operations and solution addition and transfer steps. The operation is complicated and prone to human error. Multiple solution transfers can easily cause secondary pollution. Some toxic reagents, such as phenol and chloroform, pose a threat to the safety of operators. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid extraction and detection device that can reduce manual operation and solution addition / transfer steps, thereby reducing operational complexity.

[0005] A nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a main body, a sample inlet, and a sample outlet. The main body has at least a first chamber, a second chamber, and a waste liquid chamber. The sample inlet and the sample outlet are both connected to the first chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a diaphragm. The waste liquid chamber is configured to be connected to or disconnected from the first chamber. A first piston is disposed in the second chamber. The first piston is movable relative to the second chamber to squeeze a reagent disposed in the second chamber into the first chamber. The diaphragm is configured to be ruptured under the squeezing action of the first piston.

[0006] The nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of this utility model is based on the principle of microfluidics. It comprises a first chamber and a second chamber, both of which can pre-store reagents. During use, a crude sample is added to the first chamber, achieving mixing of the reagents and the crude sample. Pushing the first piston allows the reagents in the second chamber to mix with the sample in the first chamber, thus processing the sample. This utility model reduces manual operations and solution addition / transfer steps in the nucleic acid extraction process, simplifying the operation, reducing complexity, and shortening operation time. The detection process can be completed even in non-professional experimental sites and without professional personnel intervention. Simultaneously, the mixing process of the sample and reagents occurs directly within the first chamber, effectively isolating it from the external environment and reducing potential aerosol contamination, which is beneficial to the accuracy and safety of nucleic acid detection. Furthermore, the first and second chambers are separated by a diaphragm, eliminating the need for valves. Therefore, the nucleic acid extraction and detection device of this utility model has lower structural complexity, lower operating costs, and is simpler to operate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second chamber is located on one side of the first chamber along a first direction, the first piston is also movable relative to the first chamber, and the waste liquid chamber is located on one side of the first chamber along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction forming a set angle.

[0008] In some embodiments, along the second direction, the sample outlet is located on the side of the first chamber away from the waste liquid chamber, and at least one of the first pistons forms a channel that connects both sides of the first piston along the second direction and communicates with the sample outlet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid extraction and detection device further includes a second piston, the main body further forms a third chamber, the third chamber is connected to the first chamber, one end of the second piston is disposed in the third chamber and is movable relative to the third chamber, and the sample outlet is disposed on the side wall of the third chamber opposite to one end of the second piston.

[0010] In some embodiments, the main body includes a rotating portion, and the waste liquid chamber is formed in the rotating portion. The rotating portion is rotatable to switch between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the waste liquid chamber is located on one side of the first chamber along the second direction and is in communication with the first chamber. In the second position, the waste liquid chamber is disconnected from the first chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first chamber contains a nucleic acid lysis agent, and there are two second chambers. The second chamber for containing nucleic acid elution solution is called an elution chamber, and the second chamber for containing nucleic acid washing solution is called a washing chamber. The washing chamber and the elution chamber are distributed along a second direction, and the elution chamber is located between the washing chamber and the waste liquid chamber.

[0012] In some embodiments, the main body includes a first part and a second part, the first part forming a first chamber and a second chamber, the second part forming at least one fourth chamber for placing nucleic acid amplification reagents, the fourth chamber being connected to the sample outlet through a flow channel, and the second part being light-transmitting.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second portion further forms an overflow cavity, which is located on one side of the fourth chamber and communicates with the fourth chamber through a flow channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the main body is further provided with a limiting portion, which is used to cooperate with the first piston and the second piston to limit the initial position of the first piston and the second piston.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second chamber contains vesicles, and the cavities formed by the vesicles contain reagents.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the rotating part is shown to be located in the first position;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a first piston is in the extreme position;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the two first pistons are in their extreme positions;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows that both the first piston and the second piston are in their extreme positions.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing that the rotating part is located in the second position.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 100 nucleic acid extraction and detection devices;

[0025] Main body 10; First chamber 101; Second chamber 102; Vesicle 1021;

[0026] Waste liquid chamber 103; Third chamber 104; Rotating part 105; First part 106;

[0027] Part 2 107; Flow channel 1071; Fourth chamber 1072; Overflow chamber 1073; Limiting part 70;

[0028] Sample inlet 20; Sample outlet 30; First piston 40; Channel 401; Diaphragm 50;

[0029] First direction F1; Second direction F2; Second piston 60; Limiting part 70; Nucleic acid amplification reagent 80. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "attachment," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0034] In the embodiments of this utility model, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this utility model shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this utility model.

[0035] In this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two).

[0036] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 This invention relates to a nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 10, a sample feeding port 20, a sample discharging port 30, and a first piston 40.

[0038] The main body 10 has at least a first chamber 101, a second chamber 102, and a waste liquid chamber 103. The sample inlet 20 and the sample outlet 30 are both connected to the first chamber 101. The first chamber 101 and the second chamber 102 are separated by a diaphragm 50. The waste liquid chamber 103 is configured to be connected to or disconnected from the first chamber 101. A first piston 40 is disposed in the second chamber 102. The first piston 40 can move relative to the second chamber 102 to squeeze the reagent disposed in the second chamber 102 into the first chamber 101. The diaphragm 50 is configured to be broken under the squeezing action of the first piston 40.

[0039] It should be noted that the main body 10 may include multiple parts, which are assembled together to form the main body 10, or the main body 10 may be integrally formed.

[0040] In use, the coarse sample can be added into the first chamber 101 through the sample inlet 20, and the processed sample can be discharged through the sample outlet 30 for subsequent processing or testing.

[0041] The first chamber 101 may be pre-stored with a reagent for processing crude samples, such as nucleic acid lysis reagent, thereby reducing the number of sample additions required by the operator. The second chamber 102 is pre-stored with another reagent for processing samples, such as nucleic acid washing agent.

[0042] In use, firstly, a coarse sample is added to the first chamber 101 through the sample inlet 20 and mixed with the reagent in the first chamber 101. Then, the waste liquid chamber 103 is connected to the first chamber 101, and waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid chamber 103, leaving the processed sample in the first chamber 101. Next, the waste liquid chamber 103 is disconnected from the first chamber 101, so that the first chamber 101 and the waste liquid chamber 103 are no longer connected. Then, the first piston 40 is pushed, causing it to move relative to the second chamber 102. During the movement of the first piston 40, the pressure in the second chamber 102 continuously increases, and the diaphragm 50 between the first chamber 101 and the second chamber 102 ruptures under pressure, allowing the reagent in the second chamber 102 to enter the first chamber 101 and mix with the sample in the first chamber 101, thus processing the sample in the first chamber 101. The processed sample can then be discharged from the first chamber 101 through the sample outlet 30.

[0043] For example, the diaphragm 50 can be damaged under the compression of the first piston 40. For example, the diaphragm 50 can be a plastic film or a silicone film. In order to reduce the difficulty of damaging the diaphragm 50, a puncture needle or a relatively sharp protrusion can be designed on the end face of the first piston 40 facing the diaphragm 50 so that the first piston 40 can easily damage the diaphragm 50.

[0044] The nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 according to an embodiment of this utility model is based on the principle of microfluidics. It comprises a first chamber 101 and a second chamber 102, which can pre-store reagents. In use, a crude sample is added to the first chamber 101, achieving mixing of the reagent and the crude sample. Pushing the first piston 40 allows the reagent in the second chamber 102 to mix with the sample in the first chamber 101, thus processing the sample. Therefore, this utility model reduces manual operations and solution addition / transfer steps in the nucleic acid extraction process, simplifies the operation, reduces operational complexity, and shortens operation time. The detection process can be completed even in non-professional experimental sites and without professional operator intervention. Simultaneously, the mixing process of the sample and reagents takes place directly within the first chamber 101, effectively isolating it from the external environment and reducing potential aerosol contamination, which is beneficial to the accuracy and safety of nucleic acid detection. Furthermore, the first chamber 101 and the second chamber 102 are separated by a diaphragm 50, eliminating the need for valves. As a result, the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 of this embodiment has lower structural complexity, lower operating costs, and is simpler to use.

[0045] In some embodiments, the sample inlet 20 can be closed. For example, the sample inlet 20 is provided with a plug or cap that can be separated from the sample inlet 20, so that the sample inlet 20 can be closed after the coarse sample is added to the first chamber 101, so as to prevent external impurities from entering the first chamber 101 from the sample inlet 20, thereby reducing the possibility of sample contamination.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figure 1 The second chamber 102 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the first direction F1, and the first piston 40 can also move relative to the first chamber 101. The waste liquid chamber 103 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the second direction F2, and the first direction F1 and the second direction F2 form a set angle.

[0047] The second chamber 102 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the first direction F1. The first piston 40 can also move relative to the first chamber 101. That is, the first piston 40 can move from the second chamber 102 to the first chamber 101. In this way, the first piston 40 can be used to directly or assist in squeezing the liquid in the first chamber 101 out of the sample outlet 30, thereby reducing the number of pistons and making the structure of the main body 10 simpler.

[0048] It should be noted that the second chamber 102 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the first direction F1, and the waste liquid chamber 103 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the second direction F2. The first direction F1 and the second direction F2 form a predetermined angle. For example, the second direction F2 can be vertical, and correspondingly, the first direction F1 can be horizontal. In this way, when the waste liquid chamber 103 and the first chamber 101 are connected, the waste liquid in the first chamber 101 can easily flow into the waste liquid chamber 103 under the action of gravity without the need for an additional driving component to drive the waste liquid in the first chamber 101 to flow into the waste liquid chamber 103.

[0049] In some embodiments, the sample inlet 20 is located on one side wall of the first chamber 101 along the third direction, and the waste liquid chamber 103 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the second direction F2, with the third direction and the second direction F2 forming a predetermined angle. It should be noted that the third direction can be the same as the first direction F1, or the third direction and the second direction F1 can also form a predetermined angle.

[0050] In some embodiments, along the second direction F2, the sample outlet 30 is located on the side of the first chamber 101 away from the waste liquid chamber 103, and at least one first piston 40 is formed with a channel 401, which connects the two sides of the first piston 40 along the second direction F2 and is connected to the sample outlet 30.

[0051] For example, in the second direction F2, which is the vertical direction, with the waste liquid chamber 103 located at the bottom, the sample outlet 30 is located on the side of the first chamber 101 away from the waste liquid chamber 103; that is, the sample outlet 30 is located on the top side of the first chamber 101. It can be understood that when the sample and reagent are mixed, both the sample and reagent are located at the bottom of the first chamber 101, while the sample outlet 30 is located at the top of the first chamber 101. This prevents unprocessed samples from easily entering the sample outlet 30, reducing the possibility of liquid prematurely transferring to the sample outlet 30.

[0052] It should be noted that in an embodiment where only one first piston 40 is provided, the first piston 40 can be used to directly or assist in squeezing the liquid in the first chamber 101 into the outlet 30, without the need to provide a channel 401.

[0053] In an embodiment where multiple first pistons 40 are provided and the sample outlet 30 is located on the side of the first chamber 101 away from the waste liquid chamber 103 along the second direction F2, when it is necessary to push the first piston 40 near the sample outlet 30 to its limit position first, a channel 401 can be provided on the first piston 40 near the sample outlet 30 so that when the first piston 40 away from the sample outlet 30 is pushed, the liquid in the first chamber 101 can reach the sample outlet 30 from the channel 401.

[0054] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figure 3 The first piston 40, which is far from the sample outlet 30, can also form a channel 401. In this way, the liquid in the first chamber 101 can reach the space between the first piston 40 and the side wall of the first chamber 101 and then enter the channel 401. Finally, it reaches the sample outlet 30 through the channel 401 of the first piston 40 near the sample outlet 30.

[0055] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figure 1 The nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 also includes a second piston 60, and the main body 10 also forms a third chamber 104. The third chamber 104 is connected to the first chamber 101. One end of the second piston 60 is located in the third chamber 104 and can move relative to the third chamber 104. The sample outlet 30 is located on the side wall of the third chamber 104 opposite to one end of the second piston 60.

[0056] In other words, the liquid flowing out of the first chamber 101 will enter the third chamber 104, and then reach the sample outlet 30 through the third chamber 104. By setting the third chamber 104 and the second piston 60, the first piston 40 is only used to push the liquid into the third chamber 104, rather than directly squeezing the liquid to the sample outlet 30, which can reduce the resistance of the first piston 40 when pushing.

[0057] More specifically, the sample outlet 30 can be located on one side wall of the third chamber 104 along the first direction F1, and both the second piston 60 and the first piston 40 move along the first direction F1.

[0058] In some embodiments, the main body 10 includes a rotating portion 105, and a waste liquid chamber 103 is formed in the rotating portion 105. The rotating portion 105 is rotatable to switch between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the waste liquid chamber 103 is located on one side of the first chamber 101 along the second direction F2 and communicates with the first chamber 101 (see reference). Figure 1 In the second position, the waste liquid chamber 103 is disconnected from the first chamber 101 (see reference). Figure 5 ).

[0059] Exemplarily, the main body 10 may include a first part 106 and a rotating part 105. The first part 106 forms a first chamber 101 and a second chamber 102. The rotating part 105 is disposed on a rotating shaft and can rotate relative to the rotating shaft, which is connected to the first part 106. The waste liquid chamber 103 is disposed on the rotating part 105, so that when it is necessary to switch the connection state between the first chamber 101 and the waste liquid chamber 103, the rotating part 105 can be rotated directly. It should be noted that the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 of this application has a small overall size. When switching the connection state between the first chamber 101 and the waste liquid chamber 103, the entire rotating part 105 is rotated, thus eliminating the need for external tools and making operation simpler and more convenient.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first chamber 101 contains a nucleic acid lysis agent, and there are two second chambers 102. The second chamber 102 for containing nucleic acid elution solution is an elution chamber, and the second chamber 102 for containing nucleic acid washing solution is a washing chamber. The washing chamber and the elution chamber are distributed along the second direction F2, and the elution chamber is located between the washing chamber and the waste liquid chamber 103.

[0061] In this embodiment, when in use, the coarse sample is first added to the first chamber 101 through the sample dispensing port 20 and mixed with the nucleic acid lysis agent in the first chamber 101. An external magnetic control device drags the magnetic beads to mix the coarse sample and the nucleic acid lysis agent. The coarse sample releases nucleic acid and is captured by the magnetic beads. The magnetic beads are magnetically attracted, and the lysis waste liquid in the first chamber 101 is discharged into the waste liquid chamber 103. The first piston 40, which is at least partially located in the washing chamber, is pushed along the first direction F1, so that the first piston 40 moves from the initial position to the limit position. During the pushing process, the nucleic acid washing solution is squeezed into the first chamber 101 and mixed with the magnetic beads to clean the magnetic beads. After the cleaning is completed, the magnetic beads are magnetically attracted, and the washing waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid chamber 103. The first piston 40, which is at least partially located in the elution chamber, is pushed along the first direction F1, so that the first piston 40 moves from the initial position to the limit position. During the pushing process, the nucleic acid elution solution is squeezed into the first chamber 101 and mixed with the magnetic beads to elute the nucleic acid on the magnetic beads into the nucleic acid elution solution. During the pushing process, the nucleic acid elution solution containing dissolved nucleic acid is squeezed into the third chamber 104 through the channel 401, and finally enters the fourth chamber 1072 under the pushing action of the second piston 60.

[0062] Therefore, this embodiment of the invention can realize the entire process of nucleic acid extraction based on magnetic beads. The first chamber 101 and the second chamber 102 are isolated from the external environment, which can effectively reduce aerosol pollution and improve the safety of nucleic acid extraction and amplification.

[0063] In some embodiments, the main body 10 includes a first part 106 and a second part 107. The first part 106 forms a first chamber 101 and a second chamber 102. The second part 107 forms at least one fourth chamber 1072. The fourth chamber 1072 is used to place the nucleic acid amplification reagent 80. The fourth chamber 1072 is connected to the sample outlet 30 through a flow channel 1071. The second part 107 is light-transmitting.

[0064] Exemplarily, multiple fourth chambers 1072 can be provided, and each of the multiple fourth chambers 1072 can hold different nucleic acid amplification reagents 80. For example, the nucleic acid amplification reagents 80 can be lyophilized reagent systems for amplification methods such as qPCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and recombinase polymerase. Nucleic acid elution buffer containing dissolved nucleic acids can enter the fourth chamber 1072 from the sample outlet 30 through the flow channel 1071. The nucleic acid amplification reagents 80 are used to amplify the nucleic acids in the nucleic acid elution buffer. Finally, the second part 107 is heated and fluorescently detected with the assistance of external equipment to complete the detection of the target gene.

[0065] Therefore, the present invention can realize a nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid amplification process based on magnetic beads, and can detect multiple targets at one time. It can be widely used for various disease detection and gene typing, and meet the needs of syndrome detection.

[0066] The second part 107 is transparent, so that during detection, the second part 107 can be placed in a fluorescence detection device to facilitate fluorescence detection of the nucleic acid amplification products within the second part 107.

[0067] The nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 of this utility model integrates the nucleic acid extraction and amplification processes, simplifying the operation procedures and improving the efficiency and accuracy of nucleic acid detection. It also reduces costs and equipment size, decreases equipment dependence, and makes it more suitable for various scenarios. Furthermore, the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 can perform multiplex detection, meeting the needs of various disease diagnoses and genotyping.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 can be driven by an external drive device. In this way, the entire process of nucleic acid extraction and amplification only requires one manual sample addition operation, and then nucleic acid detection can be completed with the help of an external device. This greatly simplifies the operation process, shortens the operation time, and allows the detection process to be completed without the need for professional experimental sites and professional operators.

[0069] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figures 1 to 5 The main body 10 also forms an overflow cavity 1073, which is located on one side of the fourth chamber 1072 and is connected to the fourth chamber 1072 through the flow channel 1071.

[0070] By setting an overflow chamber 1073, after the liquid flowing out from the sample outlet 30 fills the multiple fourth chambers 1072, the liquid will enter the overflow chamber 1073, thus preventing the liquid from flowing out of the main body 10 and polluting the surrounding environment. In order to ensure that the liquid enters the overflow chamber 1073 last, the overflow chamber 1073 is located above the multiple fourth chambers 1072 during use.

[0071] For example, one can refer to Figure 1Multiple fourth chambers 1072 are arranged along the second direction F2, and the overflow chamber 1073 is located on the side of the fourth chamber 1072 away from the waste liquid chamber 103.

[0072] Specifically, the flow channel 1071 may include a main flow channel and multiple branch flow channels. One end of the main flow channel is connected to one end of the multiple branch flow channels, and the other end of the main flow channel forms a sample outlet. The other ends of the multiple branch flow channels are respectively connected to multiple fourth chambers 1072 and overflow chambers 1073.

[0073] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The main body 10 is also provided with a limiting part 70, which is used to cooperate with the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 to limit the initial position of the first piston 40 and the second piston 60.

[0074] In other words, before the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100 is used, the limiting part 70 limits the position of the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 to reduce the possibility of the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 being accidentally pushed. For example, the limiting part 70 can be adhesive, which can be torn under a large pushing force, thereby allowing the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 to be pushed. In the initial position, the adhesive bonds the first piston 40 and the main body 10, and the second piston 60 and the main body 10. Alternatively, the limiting part 70 can be a pin, and the first piston 40 and the second piston 60 can be provided with slots. The pin is inserted into the slot to limit the initial position of the first piston 40 and the second piston 60. When it is necessary to push the first piston 40 and the second piston 60, the pin can be pulled out of the slot.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference may be made to Figure 1 The second chamber 102 contains vesicles 1021, and the cavity formed by the vesicles 1021 contains reagents.

[0076] In other words, in the initial state, the second chamber 102 contains vesicles 1021 containing reagents. When the first piston 40 moves, it squeezes the vesicles 1021, causing them to rupture and allowing the reagents to enter the second chamber 102. By using vesicles 1021 to store reagents, the sealing requirements between the first piston 40 and the second chamber 102 can be reduced, thus lowering the manufacturing difficulty of the nucleic acid extraction and detection device 100.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction and detection device, characterized by, include: The body (10), sample inlet (20), and sample outlet (30) are provided. The body (10) has at least a first chamber (101), a second chamber (102), and a waste liquid chamber (103). The sample inlet (20) and the sample outlet (30) are both connected to the first chamber (101). The first chamber (101) and the second chamber (102) are separated by a diaphragm (50). The waste liquid chamber (103) is configured to be connected to or disconnected from the first chamber (101). A first piston (40) is disposed in the second chamber (102). The first piston (40) is movable relative to the second chamber (102) to squeeze a reagent disposed in the second chamber (102) into the first chamber (101). The diaphragm (50) is configured to break under the squeezing action of the first piston (40).

2. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 1, wherein, The second chamber (102) is located on one side of the first chamber (101) along the first direction (F1), and the first piston (40) can also move relative to the first chamber (101). The waste liquid chamber (103) is located on one side of the first chamber (101) along the second direction (F2), and the first direction (F1) and the second direction (F2) form a set angle.

3. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 2, wherein, Along the second direction (F2), the sample outlet (30) is located on the side of the first chamber (101) away from the waste liquid chamber (103), and at least one of the first pistons (40) forms a channel (401) that connects the two sides of the first piston (40) along the second direction (F2) and the channel (401) is connected to the sample outlet (30).

4. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 3, wherein, It also includes a second piston (60), and the main body (10) further forms a third chamber (104), the third chamber (104) is connected to the first chamber (101), one end of the second piston (60) is located in the third chamber (104) and can move relative to the third chamber (104), and the sample outlet (30) is located on the side wall of the third chamber (104) opposite to one end of the second piston (60).

5. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 2, wherein, The main body (10) includes a rotating part (105), and the waste liquid chamber (103) is formed in the rotating part (105). The rotating part (105) is rotatable to switch between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the waste liquid chamber (103) is located on one side of the first chamber (101) along the second direction (F2) and communicates with the first chamber (101). In the second position, the waste liquid chamber (103) is disconnected from the first chamber (101).

6. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 1, wherein, The first chamber (101) contains nucleic acid lysis agent, and there are two second chambers (102). The second chamber (102) used to contain nucleic acid elution solution is the elution chamber, and the second chamber (102) used to contain nucleic acid washing solution is the washing chamber. The washing chamber and the elution chamber are distributed along the second direction (F2), and the elution chamber is located between the washing chamber and the waste liquid chamber (103).

7. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The main body (10) includes a first part (106) and a second part (107). The first part (106) forms a first chamber (101) and a second chamber (102). The second part (107) forms at least one fourth chamber (1072). The fourth chamber (1072) is used to place nucleic acid amplification reagent (80). The fourth chamber (1072) is connected to the sample outlet (30) through a flow channel (1071). The second part (107) is light-transmitting.

8. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 7, wherein, The second part (107) also forms an overflow cavity (1073), which is located on one side of the fourth chamber (1072) and is connected to the fourth chamber (1072) through a flow channel (1071).

9. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (10) is also provided with a limiting part (70), which is used to cooperate with the first piston (40) and the second piston (60) to limit the initial position of the first piston (40) and the second piston (60).

10. The nucleic acid extraction and detection device of claim 1, wherein, The second chamber (102) contains vesicles (1021), and the cavities formed by the vesicles (1021) contain reagents.

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