Hydrochloric acid cooling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydrochloric acid cooling device which comprises a hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, a cooling tower, a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank and a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, the two cooling towers are respectively a first cooling tower and a second cooling tower; the cooling tower comprises a cooling tower body and a heat exchange assembly arranged in the tower body, the cooling tower body comprises the tower body, the upper side and the lower side of the tower body are connected with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate respectively, and a pressure compensation mechanism is further arranged between the upper cover plate and the tower body. The heat exchange assembly comprises a plurality of graphite heat exchange blocks which are sequentially distributed in the tower body from top to bottom, and a plurality of vertically-distributed material channels and a plurality of horizontally-distributed heat exchange channels are formed in the graphite heat exchange blocks. According to the cooling device disclosed by the utility model, the hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, the cooling tower, the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank and other parts are matched, and liquid-phase hydrogen chloride gas is cooled into low-temperature liquid-phase hydrochloric acid in a twice cooling manner, so that the cooling effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrochloric acid production, and in particular to a hydrochloric acid cooling device. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, and is a colorless, transparent liquid. It is a monoprotic inorganic strong acid with wide industrial applications. It has a strong, pungent odor, is highly corrosive, and the chemical reaction during its production is exothermic.

[0003] Existing hydrochloric acid production processes are equipped with cooling devices. For example, patent CN204917956U mentions a hydrochloric acid cooling device, which includes a cooling pool with a cooling mechanism. The cooling pool contains a heat exchange mechanism made of fiberglass material, and the two ends of the heat exchange mechanism are connected to the outlet of the hydrochloric acid production line and the inlet of the storage tank, respectively.

[0004] The hydrochloric acid cooling device in the aforementioned patent has certain limitations when applied to the field of hydrochloric acid production. This type of cooling device can only cool the liquid phase of hydrochloric acid, that is, cool the high-temperature hydrochloric acid to the low-temperature hydrochloric acid. However, in the current hydrochloric acid production process, hydrogen and chlorine are mostly burned to generate hydrogen chloride gas, and then the gaseous hydrogen chloride gas is cooled down to form hydrochloric acid. That is, it is necessary to cool the gaseous hydrogen chloride gas into the liquid phase of hydrochloric acid, and then cool the high-temperature hydrochloric acid into the low-temperature hydrochloric acid before finally storing it. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a hydrochloric acid cooling device that can cool gaseous hydrogen chloride gas into liquid hydrochloric acid with good cooling effect.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a hydrochloric acid cooling device, the innovation of which is: including a hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, a cooling tower, a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank and a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank;

[0007] There are two cooling towers, namely the first cooling tower and the second cooling tower, and the hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, the first cooling tower, the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, the second cooling tower and the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank are connected in sequence.

[0008] The cooling tower includes a cooling tower body and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the tower body. The cooling tower body includes a main body, with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate connected to the upper and lower sides of the main body, respectively. A pressure compensation mechanism is also provided between the upper cover plate and the main body. The heat exchange assembly includes several graphite heat exchange blocks distributed sequentially from top to bottom within the main body. Several vertically distributed material channels and several horizontally distributed heat exchange channels are opened on the graphite heat exchange blocks.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank is further provided with a first circuit, the outlet of the first circuit being connected to the cooling medium inlet of the first cooling tower, and the bottom end of the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank is further provided with a second circuit, the outlet of the second circuit being connected to the cooling medium inlet of the second cooling tower.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a sealing assembly is further provided inside the tower body. The sealing assembly includes an upper end cap disposed above the heat exchange assembly and a lower end cap disposed below the heat exchange assembly. The upper end cap has an upper positioning post extending vertically upward at its upper end, and a through hole for the upper positioning post to pass through is opened on the upper cover plate. An air inlet is opened at the middle of the upper end cap, which extends to and through the upper positioning post. A first buffer groove with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section is opened at the bottom of the upper end cap, and the lower base of the first buffer groove is longer than the upper base. The first buffer groove and the graphite heat exchange block located on the uppermost side cooperate to form a first buffer cavity.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower end cap is placed on the outside of the tower body, and a second buffer cavity is provided inside the lower end cap. An opening connected to the second buffer cavity is opened on the side of the lower end cap near the tower body. A liquid outlet is provided at the bottom end of the lower end cap, and an air outlet is provided at the upper end of the lower end cap. An air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet, and one side of the air outlet pipe extends into the second buffer cavity.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the air outlet pipe in the first cooling tower that extends into the second buffer chamber is an inclined slope, and the inclined direction of the slope is gradually inclined from top to bottom towards the center line away from the second buffer chamber.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pressure compensation mechanism includes a pull rod, a nut, and a compensation spring. Both the upper cover plate and the tower body have through holes for the pull rod to pass through. After the pull rod passes through the through holes in the tower body and the upper cover plate from bottom to top, the bottom end of the pull rod is locked by two nuts. After the upper end of the pull rod passes through the upper cover plate, a compensation spring is fitted on the outer wall of the section of the pull rod that passes through the upper cover plate. The top end of the pull rod is locked by a locking nut. The upper end of the compensation spring abuts against the bottom end face of the locking nut, and the lower end abuts against the upper end face of the upper cover plate.

[0014] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The cooling device in this utility model, through the cooperation of components such as a hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, a cooling tower, a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, and a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, cools liquid hydrogen chloride gas into low-temperature liquid hydrochloric acid through a two-stage cooling process. The cooling effect is good, and the temperature requirement of the cooling medium in a single cooling tower is also reduced by adopting a two-stage cooling method, thus realizing continuous cooling production from liquid hydrogen chloride gas to low-temperature liquid hydrochloric acid.

[0016] 2. This utility model sets up a first circuit and a second circuit to send the high-temperature hydrochloric acid and low-temperature hydrochloric acid from the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank and the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank to the first cooling tower and the second cooling tower, respectively. The cooled hydrochloric acid is used to cooperate with the original cooling medium in the cooling tower to cool the hydrogen chloride gas or the high-temperature hydrochloric acid, thereby reducing the demand for new cooling medium and saving cooling costs.

[0017] 3. The design of the cooling tower in this utility model, through the cooperation between the cooling tower body, heat exchange components, and sealing components, and the design of the staggered material channels and heat exchange channels in the graphite heat exchange block, allows all hydrochloric acid gas to fully contact the cooling medium, thereby cooling it into liquid hydrochloric acid. The cooling effect is good and the collection of cooled hydrochloric acid is convenient.

[0018] 4. The design of the pressure compensation mechanism between the upper cover plate and the main body of the tower in this utility model, through the cooperation of components such as tie rods, nuts, and compensation springs, can adjust the distance between the upper cover plate and the main body of the tower by means of the contraction of the compensation spring when the pressure changes due to the flow of gas heat exchange medium in the main body of the tower. This ensures that the upper cover plate is pressed tightly and also avoids the phenomenon of expansion and explosion due to excessive pressure, thus improving safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrochloric acid cooling device of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling tower in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The hydrochloric acid cooling device shown includes a hydrogen chloride gas storage tank 101, a cooling tower, a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103, and a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105.

[0023] There are two cooling towers, namely the first cooling tower 102 and the second cooling tower 104. A hydrogen chloride gas storage tank 101, the first cooling tower 102, a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103, the second cooling tower 104, and a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105 are connected in sequence. The hydrogen chloride gas storage tank 101 has a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The first cooling tower 102 has a gas inlet, a liquid outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet. The high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 has a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a reflux port. The second cooling tower 104 has a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a cooling medium inlet. The system includes a cooling medium outlet, a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105 with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a reflux port, a gas outlet of a hydrogen chloride gas storage tank 101 connected to a gas inlet of a first cooling tower 102 via a first pipeline 110, a liquid outlet of a first cooling tower 102 connected to a liquid inlet of a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 via a second pipeline 111, a liquid outlet of a high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 connected to a liquid inlet of a second cooling tower 104 via a third pipeline 112, and a liquid outlet of a second cooling tower 104 connected to a liquid inlet of a low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105 via a fourth pipeline 113.

[0024] In this invention, the cooling medium used in both the first cooling tower 102 and the second cooling tower 104 is liquid hydrochloric acid. The difference is that the temperature of the liquid hydrochloric acid used in the first cooling tower 102 is higher than that of the liquid hydrochloric acid used in the second cooling tower 104.

[0025] Furthermore, the first cooling tower 102 and the second cooling tower 104 have the same structure, and the specific structure of the cooling tower is as follows: Figure 2As shown, it includes: a cooling tower body, the cooling tower body includes a tower body 1, the tower body 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure with openings on both the upper and lower sides, an upper cover plate 2 and a lower cover plate 3 are respectively connected to the upper and lower sides of the tower body 1, the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the tower body 1 by flanges, bolts and nuts respectively, and there is an outwardly extending end plate for fixing on both the upper and lower sides of the tower body 1, a cooling medium outlet is also provided on the upper end of the tower body 1, and a cooling medium inlet is also provided on the lower end of the tower body 1. A pressure compensation mechanism is also provided between the upper cover plate 2 and the tower body 1. The pressure compensation mechanism includes a pull rod 4, a nut, and a compensation spring 5. Both the upper cover plate 2 and the tower body 1 have through holes for the pull rod 4 to pass through. After the pull rod 4 passes through the through holes on the tower body 1 and the upper cover plate 2 from bottom to top, the bottom end of the pull rod 4 is locked by two nuts. The two nuts are located on the upper and lower sides of the upper end face of the tower body 1, respectively. That is, the upper end face of the tower body 1 is clamped by the two nuts. After the upper end of the pull rod 4 passes through the upper cover plate 2, a compensation spring 5 is fitted on the outer wall of the section of the pull rod 4 that passes through the upper cover plate 2. The top end of the pull rod 4 is locked by a locking nut. The upper end of the compensation spring 5 abuts against the bottom end face of the locking nut, and the lower end of the compensation spring 5 abuts against the upper end face of the upper cover plate. The design of the pressure compensation mechanism between the upper cover plate 2 and the tower body 1, through the cooperation of components such as the tie rod 4, nut, and compensation spring 5, can adjust the distance between the upper cover plate and the tower body by contracting the compensation spring when the pressure changes due to the flow of gas heat exchange medium in the tower body. This ensures the upper cover plate is pressed tightly and also avoids the phenomenon of expansion and explosion due to excessive pressure, thus improving safety performance.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the heat exchange components disposed within the main body of the tower include several graphite heat exchange blocks 6 distributed sequentially from top to bottom within the main body of the tower.

[0027] The graphite heat exchange block 6 has vertically arranged material channels 61 and horizontally arranged heat exchange channels 62. There are several material channels 61 arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the graphite heat exchange block 6, and several heat exchange channels 62 arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the graphite heat exchange block 6. The heat exchange channels 62 and material channels 61 are arranged alternately. At the contact point of adjacent graphite heat exchange blocks, a flow guiding assembly is provided. The flow guiding assembly includes a horizontal partition plate 63 and a vertical partition plate. The horizontal partition plate 63 is located at the contact point of two graphite heat exchange blocks 6 and is semi-circular. There are two vertical partition plates, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the horizontal partition plate 63 and extend vertically upward. The horizontal partition plates of two adjacent flow guiding assemblies are alternately distributed, so that when the cooling medium flows in the heat exchange channels 62 in each graphite heat exchange block 6, an S-shaped flow path is formed.

[0028] In this embodiment, the sealing assembly installed inside the tower body includes an upper end cap 7 installed above the heat exchange assembly and a lower end cap 8 installed below the heat exchange assembly.

[0029] The upper end of the upper head 7 has a vertically upward-extending upper positioning post 71, and the upper cover plate 2 has a through hole for the upper positioning post 71 to pass through. A feed inlet 72 is located in the middle of the upper head 7. In the first cooling tower 102, the feed inlet 72 is a gas inlet; in the second cooling tower 104, the feed inlet 72 is a liquid inlet. The feed inlet 72 extends to and passes through the upper positioning post 71. At the bottom of the upper head 7, a first buffer groove with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section is formed, with the lower base of the first buffer groove longer than the upper base. The first buffer groove, together with the graphite heat exchange block 6 located at the uppermost side, forms a first buffer cavity 73. The design of the upper positioning post 71 on the upper head 7 is to position the relative position between the upper head 7 and the upper cover plate 2, facilitating quick positioning and installation of the upper cover plate 2 and the upper head 7, and also preventing misalignment between the upper head 7 and the upper cover plate 2.

[0030] The lower end cap 8 is located on the outside of the main body 1 of the tower. The lower end cap 8 has a second buffer cavity 81 inside. An opening connected to the second buffer cavity 81 is opened on the side of the lower end cap 8 near the main body 1 of the tower. The bottom end of the lower end cap 8 has a discharge port 82. In both the first cooling tower 102 and the second cooling tower 104, the discharge port 82 is a liquid outlet.

[0031] A vent is located at the upper end of the lower end cap 8, and a vent pipe 83 is connected to the vent. One side of the vent pipe 83 extends into the second buffer chamber 81, and the end of the vent pipe 83 extending into the second buffer chamber 81 is an inclined surface. The inclined surface gradually slopes away from the centerline of the second buffer chamber 81 from top to bottom. The design of the vent pipe 83, by extending one side into the second buffer chamber 81 and designing the end of the vent pipe 83 as an inclined surface, is because when gaseous hydrogen chloride is cooled into liquid hydrogen chloride, some hydrogen chloride inevitably cools into a mist. This mist of hydrogen chloride is actually cooled and can be collected. Therefore, this design allows for the re-cooling of the mist of hydrogen chloride mixed in with the hydrogen chloride gas, preventing this cooled hydrogen chloride from being discharged from the vent pipe along with the gaseous hydrogen chloride, thus affecting the cooling effect of the hydrogen chloride. The design of the air outlet and air outlet pipe 83 on the lower end cap 8 only needs to be applied to the first cooling tower 102. As for the second cooling tower 104, which is used to cool the high-temperature liquid hydrochloric acid to the low-temperature liquid hydrochloric acid, there is no hydrogen chloride gas, so this design is not required.

[0032] A positioning mechanism is also provided between the vent pipe 83 and the lower end cap 8. The positioning mechanism has an outwardly protruding annular protrusion on the outer wall of the vent pipe 83 on the side that does not extend into the second buffer chamber 81, thus making the vent pipe 83 T-shaped overall. The inner wall of the vent outlet of the lower end cap 8 is also T-shaped to match the vent pipe 83. After the vent pipe 83 is inserted into the vent outlet, it is fixed to the lower end cap 8 by a flange. The connection between the vent pipe 83 and the lower end cap 8 utilizes the T-shaped vent pipe 83 and the T-shaped vent outlet, thereby achieving rapid positioning between the vent pipe 83 and the lower end cap 8, reducing assembly time, and also preventing misalignment between the vent pipe 83 and the lower end cap 8.

[0033] A first circuit 106 is also provided at the bottom of the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103. The outlet of the first circuit 106 is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the first cooling tower 102. A second circuit 107 is also provided at the bottom of the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105. The outlet of the second circuit 107 is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the second cooling tower 104. By setting up the first circuit 106 and the second circuit 107, the high-temperature hydrochloric acid and low-temperature hydrochloric acid in the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 and the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105 are respectively sent to the first cooling tower 102 and the second cooling tower 104. The cooled hydrochloric acid is used to cooperate with the original cooling medium in the cooling tower to cool the hydrogen chloride gas or the high-temperature hydrochloric acid, reducing the demand for new cooling medium and saving cooling costs.

[0034] Working principle: First, liquid hydrogen chloride gas is sent to the first cooling tower 102 via hydrogen chloride gas storage tank 101. After heat exchange with the cooling medium of the first cooling tower 102, it becomes liquid high-temperature hydrochloric acid. Then, the liquid high-temperature hydrochloric acid is sent to the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 for storage. The high-temperature hydrochloric acid in the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 103 is then sent to the second cooling tower 104. After heat exchange with the cooling medium of the second cooling tower 104, it becomes liquid low-temperature hydrochloric acid. Finally, it is sent to the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank 105 for storage, completing the cooling process from liquid hydrogen chloride gas to liquid low-temperature hydrochloric acid.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrochloric acid cooling device, characterized by: This includes hydrogen chloride gas storage tanks, cooling towers, high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tanks, and low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tanks; There are two cooling towers, namely the first cooling tower and the second cooling tower, and the hydrogen chloride gas storage tank, the first cooling tower, the high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank, the second cooling tower and the low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank are connected in sequence. The cooling tower includes a cooling tower body and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the tower body. The cooling tower body includes a main body, with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate connected to the upper and lower sides of the main body, respectively. A pressure compensation mechanism is also provided between the upper cover plate and the main body. The heat exchange assembly includes several graphite heat exchange blocks distributed sequentially from top to bottom within the main body. Several vertically distributed material channels and several horizontally distributed heat exchange channels are opened on the graphite heat exchange blocks.

2. The hydrochloric acid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank is also provided with a first circuit at the bottom, and the outlet of the first circuit is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the first cooling tower. The low-temperature hydrochloric acid storage tank is also provided with a second circuit at the bottom, and the outlet of the second circuit is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the second cooling tower.

3. The hydrochloric acid cooling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The tower body is also equipped with a sealing assembly, which includes an upper end cap located above the heat exchange assembly and a lower end cap located below the heat exchange assembly. The upper end cap has an upper positioning post extending vertically upward at its upper end, and a through hole for the upper positioning post to pass through is opened on the upper cover plate. An air inlet is opened at the middle of the upper end cap, which extends to and through the upper positioning post. A first buffer groove with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section is opened at the bottom of the upper end cap, and the lower base of the first buffer groove is longer than the upper base. The first buffer groove and the graphite heat exchange block located at the uppermost side cooperate to form a first buffer cavity.

4. The hydrochloric acid cooling apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by: The lower end cap is located on the outside of the main body of the tower. The lower end cap has a second buffer chamber inside. An opening connected to the second buffer chamber is opened on the side of the lower end cap near the main body of the tower. A liquid outlet is located at the bottom end of the lower end cap, and an air outlet is located at the upper end of the lower end cap. An air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet, and one side of the air outlet pipe extends into the second buffer chamber.

5. The hydrochloric acid cooling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the air outlet pipe in the first cooling tower that extends into the second buffer chamber is an inclined slope, and the slope is inclined from top to bottom towards the center line of the second buffer chamber.

6. The hydrochloric acid cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The pressure compensation mechanism includes a pull rod, a nut, and a compensation spring. Both the upper cover plate and the tower body have through holes for the pull rod to pass through. The pull rod passes through the through holes in the tower body and the upper cover plate from bottom to top. The bottom end of the pull rod is locked by two nuts. After the upper end of the pull rod passes through the upper cover plate, a compensation spring is fitted on the outer wall of the section of the pull rod that passes through the upper cover plate. The top end of the pull rod is locked by a locking nut. The upper end of the compensation spring abuts against the bottom end face of the locking nut, and the lower end abuts against the upper end face of the upper cover plate.

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