Seepage monitoring test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a seepage monitoring test device which comprises a box body, a sand stabilization assembly, an instrument assembly and a seepage monitoring device, the sand stabilization assembly is arranged in the box body; the sand stabilization assembly is used for preventing filler in the test device from sliding down and overflowing; the instrument assembly is used for acquiring data required by the test device; the seepage monitoring device is used for calculating and processing the data acquired by the instrument assembly so as to obtain a seepage distribution condition and seepage flow data; the instrument assembly is coupled with the seepage monitoring device through electric signals. According to the device, the seepage dynamic state of a dam is simulated, seepage distribution and seepage flow are monitored and calculated, and meanwhile, the accuracy of a seepage calculation method is compared and analyzed through most direct manual observation; the device is small in size, low in comprehensive cost and easy to apply and popularize, and components are common instruments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety monitoring technology for water conservancy projects, and specifically to a seepage monitoring test device. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, seepage is a serious hidden danger affecting the safe operation of dams; therefore, detailed and comprehensive monitoring of dam seepage is an important task. However, in actual seepage monitoring work, the accuracy of seepage monitoring data has consistently been low due to various factors such as calculation methods, dam structure, sensor deployment, and construction costs.

[0003] To improve the accuracy of seepage monitoring, it is necessary to establish experimental models to simulate the entire seepage process in dams and conduct monitoring and calculations. This verifies the scientific validity and accuracy of seepage monitoring methods and provides guidance for actual seepage monitoring in dams. Relevant technologies exist within the industry, such as:

[0004] A typical example is the Chinese patent application CN202410648012 entitled "A device and method for applying high-intensity seepage conditions in a test model box". It uses a water pump (4.7) installed in the test model box to make a drainage buffer chamber, a main seepage test chamber and a water storage buffer chamber to simulate the conditions of high-intensity seepage.

[0005] A typical example is the Chinese patent application CN202410859447 entitled "Simulation Device and Simulation Method for Seepage and Deformation of Reservoir Slope", which consists of a slope simulation mechanism, a water level adjustment mechanism, and a flow velocity adjustment mechanism. It simulates and observes the seepage condition by adjusting the water level and flow velocity.

[0006] The shortcomings of existing technology are:

[0007] 1. The model uses a relatively complex structure or equipment, which results in a large model size and high manufacturing cost; in addition, due to the large number of components, the probability of failure is higher and maintenance is inconvenient.

[0008] 2. The model focuses on simulating the seepage conditions of the dam, but it lacks relevant components and functions for monitoring the seepage conditions and verifying and calculating the accuracy of the monitoring methods. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems by providing a seepage monitoring test device. Its purpose is to simulate the seepage dynamics of a dam and monitor and calculate the seepage distribution and flow rate. Simultaneously, it compares and analyzes the accuracy of seepage calculation methods through direct manual observation. This invention is small in size, uses common instruments as components, has low overall cost, and is easy to apply and promote.

[0010] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0011] A seepage monitoring test device includes a housing, a sand-fixing component, an instrument component, and a seepage monitoring device, wherein:

[0012] The sand-fixing component is disposed inside the box; the sand-fixing component is used to prevent the filling material in the test device from sliding down and overflowing; the instrument component is used to collect the data required by the test device; the seepage monitoring device is used to calculate and process the data collected by the instrument component to obtain the seepage distribution and seepage flow data; the instrument component is electrically coupled to the seepage monitoring device.

[0013] Preferably, the container includes a water storage tank and a seepage tank; the water storage tank is used to simulate the water-facing side of the dam; the seepage tank is used to simulate the water-receiving side of the dam.

[0014] Preferably, the housing includes a housing frame, wall panels, a base plate, casters, a water guide pipe, a water tray, and a measuring cup, wherein:

[0015] The box frame is a hollow cuboid structure; the wall panels are embedded around the inside of the box frame; the bottom plate is embedded at the bottom of the inside of the box frame; the lower part of the bottom plate is provided with a large beam for strengthening the support, and the casters are fixed to the large beam below the bottom plate; the bottom plate has a drainage hole on the side of the seepage chamber; the water guide pipe is a semi-circular pipe with the concave end facing upward and fixed below the drainage hole; the water guide pipe is fixed with one end higher and the other end lower; the water tray is placed below the water guide pipe; the measuring cup is placed inside the water tray; the measuring cup is aligned with the lower end of the water guide pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the box frame is made of metal; the main beam is made of metal.

[0017] Preferably, the sand-fixing component comprises channel steel, a sand-fixing frame, a filter screen, a filter plate, and a seepage-proof plate, wherein:

[0018] The channel steel is a U-shaped channel steel; there are two channel steels; the channel steels are vertically arranged on the vertical line at the junction of the water storage tank and the seepage tank inside the box; the non-opening side of the channel steel is attached and fixed to the inner surface of the wall panel.

[0019] The sand-fixing frame includes 4 diagonal arms, 4 horizontal arms, 4 clamping plates, 4 support rods, a first crossbeam, and a second crossbeam. The channel steel is connected and reinforced by the first crossbeam. The upper part of each channel steel is connected and fixed to one end of two diagonal arms, and the lower part of each channel steel is connected and fixed to one end of two horizontal arms. Each channel steel, together with the diagonal arms and horizontal arms in each of the water storage tank and the seepage tank, forms a right-angled triangle. The intersection points of the diagonal arms and horizontal arms are connected and fixed. The intersection points of multiple diagonal arms and horizontal arms are simultaneously connected and fixed to the vertically placed support rods.

[0020] Each of the channel steels and the inclined arms and cross arms fixed on both sides form an isosceles triangle shape; the second cross beam is installed and fixed on the two inclined arms of the same tank or the seepage tank; at least two second cross beams are installed and fixed.

[0021] The height of the filter plate is the same as the height of the support rod; the width of the filter plate is the same as the horizontal distance between the two support rods in the same compartment; there are two filter plates, which are vertically fixed to the two support rods in the same compartment respectively;

[0022] The filter screen is installed on the two inclined arms in the same compartment; the filter screen is fixed to the inclined arms by clamps;

[0023] The impermeable plate is installed in the opening between the two channel steels; the impermeable plate is installed by inserting it into the opening between the two channel steels from above; the upper end of the impermeable plate is provided with screw holes of different heights; according to the different heights of the impermeable plate, a first bracket needs to be installed on the screw holes of different heights; the first bracket rests on the top of the channel steel.

[0024] Preferably, the filter plate is made of a perforated board, and a layer of fine-pore steel wire mesh that allows water to seep through but not sand particles is fixed on the board; the filter mesh is made of double-layer steel wire mesh, one layer is a rigid coarse-pore steel wire mesh, and the other layer is a fine-pore steel wire mesh that allows water to seep through but not sand particles.

[0025] Preferably, the instrument assembly includes a piezometer, a water level gauge, a circular tube, and a flange support, wherein:

[0026] At least two piezometers are placed inside the circular tube via cables; the circular tube is made with drainage holes at the bottom; the circular tube is fixed inside the seepage chamber of the housing; the height of the top of the circular tube is not higher than the height of the channel steel; the height of the top of the circular tube is not lower than the height of the filter screen.

[0027] The water level gauge is fixed to the upper end of the water storage tank of the housing via the flange bracket; the upper end of the flange bracket is a flange; the flange is fixed to a second bracket; the second bracket is fixedly connected to a C-clamp; the C-clamp is fixed to the housing frame.

[0028] Preferably, the water level gauge is an ultrasonic or radar water level gauge.

[0029] Preferably, the seepage monitoring device includes an equipment box, a power module, a data acquisition unit, an edge computing module, a relay, an Internet of Things module, and a water pump, wherein:

[0030] The power output terminals of the power module are electrically coupled to the power terminals of the water level gauge, the data acquisition instrument, the edge computing module, the relay, and the IoT module, respectively; the terminals of the piezometer are electrically coupled to the input terminals of the data acquisition instrument; the communication terminals of the water level gauge are electrically coupled to the communication terminals of the edge computing module and the relay, respectively; the water pump is electrically coupled to the output terminal of the relay; the output terminals of the data acquisition instrument and the edge computing module are electrically coupled to the IoT module, respectively.

[0031] The water pump is placed inside the water-holding tray; the outlet of the water pipe connected to the water pump is fixed inside the water storage tank of the box.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. This utility model uses relatively simple components to simulate the seepage monitoring system of water conservancy projects. The components are easy to source and install, and the economic benefits are good.

[0034] 2. This utility model can simulate the seepage condition of a dam, and then correct and improve the algorithm of the seepage monitoring device by comparing the seepage flow rate measured by the measuring cup with the seepage flow rate calculated by the seepage monitoring device.

[0035] 3. This utility model uses a sand-fixing component to prevent the filling material from sliding and overflowing, which makes the lateral dimension of this utility model relatively small and the overall volume relatively small, which is beneficial for indoor placement and use; at the same time, the filling material can be replaced to simulate dams made of different materials.

[0036] 4. This utility model uses a water level gauge and a relay to control the operation and stop of the water pump, automatically maintaining the water level in the water storage tank; the data from the seepage monitoring device is sent to the cloud platform, and the algorithm of the seepage monitoring device can be updated remotely and wirelessly, resulting in a high degree of overall automation. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the box structure of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main component structure of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a front perspective view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a top perspective view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a left-side perspective view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the device layout of the seepage monitoring device of this utility model.

[0043] The components include: 1. Box body; 2. Sand fixation components; 3. Instrument components; 4. Seepage monitoring device.

[0044] 1.1 Box frame, 1.2 Wall panels, 1.3 Base plate, 1.4 Casters, 1.5 Water pipe, 1.6 Water tray, 1.7 Measuring cup, 1.8 Water storage tank, 1.9 Seepage tank;

[0045] 2.1 Channel steel, 2.2 Sand stabilization frame, 2.3 Filter screen, 2.4 Filter board, 2.5 Seepage barrier board;

[0046] 2.2.1 Diagonal arm, 2.2.2 Cross arm, 2.2.3 Clamping plate, 2.2.4 Support rod, 2.2.5 First crossbeam, 2.2.6 Second crossbeam;

[0047] 3.1 Piezometer, 3.2 Water level gauge, 3.3 Circular pipe, 3.4 Flange support;

[0048] 4.1 Equipment box, 4.2 Power supply module, 4.3 Data acquisition unit, 4.4 Edge computing module, 4.5 Relay, 4.6 Internet of Things module. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, a seepage monitoring test device includes a housing 1, a sand-fixing component 2, an instrument component 3, and a seepage monitoring device 4, wherein:

[0051] The sand-fixing component 2 is installed inside the housing 1; the sand-fixing component 2 is used to prevent the filling material in the test device from sliding down and overflowing; the instrument component 3 is used to collect the data required by the test device; the seepage monitoring device 4 is used to calculate and process the data collected by the instrument component 3, and then obtain the seepage distribution and seepage flow data; the instrument component 3 and the seepage monitoring device 4 are electrically coupled.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, it should be noted that the box 1 includes a water storage tank 1.8 and a seepage tank 1.9; the water storage tank 1.8 is used to simulate the water-facing side of the dam; the seepage tank 1.9 is used to simulate the water-receiving side of the dam.

[0053] It should be further explained that the box body 1 includes a box frame 1.1, wall panels 1.2, a base plate 1.3, casters 1.4, a water guide pipe 1.5, a water tray 1.6, and a measuring cup 1.7, wherein:

[0054] The box frame 1.1 is a hollow cuboid structure; the wall panels 1.2 are inlaid around the inside of the box frame 1.1; the bottom plate 1.3 is inlaid at the bottom of the inside of the box frame 1.1; the lower part of the bottom plate 1.3 is provided with a large beam for strengthening the support, and the casters 1.4 are fixed to the large beam below the bottom plate 1.3; the bottom plate 1.3 has a drainage hole on the side of the seepage chamber 1.9; the water guide pipe 1.5 is a semi-circular pipe with the notch facing upward and is fixed below the drainage hole; the water guide pipe 1.5 is fixed with one end higher and the other end lower; the water tray 1.6 is placed below the water guide pipe 1.5; the measuring cup 1.7 is placed inside the water tray 1.6; the measuring cup 1.7 is aligned with the lower end of the water guide pipe 1.5.

[0055] It should be further noted that the box frame 1.1 is made of metal; the main beam is also made of metal.

[0056] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, it should be noted that the sand-fixing component 2 includes channel steel 2.1, sand-fixing frame 2.2, filter screen 2.3, filter plate 2.4, and seepage-proof plate 2.5, wherein:

[0057] Channel steel 2.1 is a U-shaped channel steel; there are 2 channel steels 2.1; channel steel 2.1 is vertically installed on the vertical line at the junction of water storage tank 1.8 and seepage tank 1.9 inside the box body 1; the non-opening side of channel steel 2.1 is attached and fixed to the inner surface of wall panel 1.2;

[0058] The sand-stabilizing frame 2.2 includes 4 diagonal arms 2.2.1, 4 horizontal arms 2.2.2, 4 clamping plates 2.2.3, 4 support rods 2.2.4, a first crossbeam 2.2.5, and a second crossbeam 2.2.6; the channel steel 2.1 is connected and reinforced through the first crossbeam 2.2.5; the upper part of each channel steel 2.1 is connected and fixed to one end of two diagonal arms 2.2.1, and the lower part of each channel steel 2.1 is connected and fixed to one end of two horizontal arms 2.2.2; each channel steel 2.1 forms a right-angled triangle shape with the diagonal arms 2.2.1 and horizontal arms 2.2.2 in each of the water storage tank 1.8 and the seepage tank 1.9; the intersection points of the diagonal arms 2.2.1 and horizontal arms 2.2.2 are connected and fixed; the intersection points of multiple diagonal arms 2.2.1 and horizontal arms 2.2.2 are simultaneously connected and fixed to the vertically placed support rods 2.2.4;

[0059] Each channel steel 2.1, together with the inclined arms 2.2.1 and the cross arms 2.2.2 fixed on both sides, forms an isosceles triangle shape; the second cross beam 2.2.6 is installed and fixed on the two inclined arms 2.2.1 of the same water storage tank 1.8 or seepage tank 1.9; at least two second cross beams 2.2.6 are installed and fixed.

[0060] The height of the filter plate 2.4 is the same as the height of the support rod 2.2.4; the width of the filter plate 2.4 is the same as the horizontal distance between the two support rods 2.2.4 in the same compartment; there are two filter plates 2.4, which are vertically fixed to the two support rods 2.2.4 in the same compartment respectively;

[0061] The filter screen 2.3 is installed on the two inclined arms 2.2.1 in the same compartment; the filter screen 2.3 is fixed to the inclined arms 2.2.1 by clamps;

[0062] The impermeable plate 2.5 is installed in the opening between the two channel steels 2.1; the impermeable plate 2.5 is installed by inserting it into the opening between the two channel steels 2.1 from above; the upper end of the impermeable plate 2.5 is provided with screw holes of different heights; according to the different heights of the impermeable plate 2.5, the first bracket needs to be installed on the screw holes of different heights; the first bracket is placed on the top of the channel steel 2.1.

[0063] The filter plate 2.4 is made of perforated board material, and a layer of fine wire mesh that allows water to seep through but not sand particles is fixed on the board material; the filter net 2.3 is made of double-layer wire mesh, one layer is a rigid coarse wire mesh, and the other layer is a fine wire mesh that allows water to seep through but not sand particles.

[0064] It should be noted that instrument component 3 includes a piezometer 3.1, a water level gauge 3.2, a circular tube 3.3, and a flange support 3.4, wherein:

[0065] At least two piezometers 3.1 are placed inside the circular tube 3.3 via cables. The circular tube 3.3 is made of circular tube with seepage holes at the bottom. The circular tube 3.3 is fixed inside the seepage chamber 1.9 of the housing 1. The top height of the circular tube 3.3 is not higher than the height of the channel steel 2.1. The top height of the circular tube 3.3 is not lower than the height of the filter screen 2.3. When the circular tube 3.3 is placed close to the channel steel 2.1 and there is no filter screen 2.3 obstructing its upper end, one circular tube 3.3 is placed vertically. When the circular tube 3.3 is placed far from the channel steel 2.1 and there is a filter screen 2.3 obstructing its upper end, two circular tubes 3.3 are connected by an elbow. The lower circular tube 3.3 is vertical, and the upper circular tube 3.3 is inclined towards the middle of the housing 1 and extends upwards beyond the filter screen 2.3.

[0066] The water level gauge 3.2 is fixed to the upper end of the water storage tank 1.8 of the housing 1 via the flange bracket 3.4; the upper end of the flange bracket 3.4 is the flange; the flange is fixed on the second bracket; the second bracket is fixedly connected to the C-clamp; the C-clamp is fixed on the housing frame 1.1.

[0067] It should be further noted that water level gauge 3.2 uses either an ultrasonic or radar type.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, it should be noted that the seepage monitoring device 4 includes an equipment box 4.1, a power module 4.2, a data acquisition unit 4.3, an edge computing module 4.4, a relay 4.5, an IoT module 4.6, and a water pump 4.7, wherein:

[0069] The power output terminals of power module 4.2 are electrically coupled to the power terminals of water level gauge 3.2, data acquisition unit 4.3, edge computing module 4.4, relay 4.5, and IoT module 4.6, respectively; the terminals of piezometer 3.1 are electrically coupled to the input terminals of data acquisition unit 4.3; the communication terminals of water level gauge 3.2 are electrically coupled to the communication terminals of edge computing module 4.4 and relay 4.5, respectively; the water pump 4.7 is electrically coupled to the output terminal of relay 4.5; the output terminals of data acquisition unit 4.3 and edge computing module 4.4 are electrically coupled to the IoT module 4.6, respectively.

[0070] The water pump 4.7 is placed inside the water tray 1.6; the outlet of the water pipe connected to the water pump 4.7 is fixed inside the water storage tank 1.8 of the tank body 1.

[0071] It should be noted that this utility model uses a water storage tank 1.8 and a seepage tank 1.9 to simulate the upstream and downstream sides of a dam. A piezometer 3.1 and a water level gauge 3.2, commonly used in actual engineering, are installed in the seepage tank 1.9. Multiple piezometers 3.1 can be used, fixed in different positions to monitor the water level at different cross-sections. The seepage monitoring device 4 calculates and processes the data from the piezometers 3.1 and 3.2 to obtain data such as the distribution and flow rate of the seepage. The water guide pipe 1.5 and the measuring cup 1.7 of the experimental device collect the seepage water. The flow rate can be obtained by observing the scale, and the flow rate in the measuring cup 1.7 is compared with the calculation results of the seepage monitoring device 4 to test the algorithm and hardware performance of the seepage monitoring device 4. The model uses a sand-fixing component 2 to prevent the filling material from sliding and overflowing, allowing the seepage tank 1.9 to be processed into a relatively steep angle, thereby greatly shortening the lateral dimension of the model, reducing its volume, and facilitating indoor placement.

[0072] Compared with existing technologies, this invention can simulate the seepage dynamics of dams and monitor and calculate the seepage distribution and seepage volume. At the same time, it compares and analyzes the accuracy of seepage calculation methods through the most direct manual observation. This invention is small in size, uses common instruments as components, has a low overall cost, and is easy to apply and promote.

[0073] It should be noted that the box frame 1.1 is made of stainless steel square steel tubing; the bottom plate 1.3 is made of stainless steel sheet; the front and back wall panels 1.2 are made of transparent acrylic sheets, and the side wall panels 1.2 are made of stainless steel sheets; the acrylic sheet wall panels 1.2 are fixed to the stainless steel square steel tubing of the box frame 1.1 by applying adhesive, and are supported by support rods 2.2.4 to prevent the acrylic sheet from sliding before the adhesive is completely cured; the stainless steel sheet wall panels 1.2 are fixed to the stainless steel square steel tubing of the box frame 1.1 by welding.

[0074] It should be noted that in the sand-fixing component 2, the channel steel 2.1 is made of stainless steel channel steel, the first crossbeam 2.2.5 is made of stainless steel angle steel; the diagonal arm 2.2.1, the cross arm 2.2.2, the support rod 2.2.4 and the second crossbeam 2.2.6 are all made of stainless steel square steel tubing; the filter screen 2.3 is made of stainless steel wire mesh; the filter plate 2.4 is made of stainless steel plate; the anti-seepage plate 2.5 is made of stainless steel plate; the clamping plate 2.2.3 is made of plastic sheet, and a plastic strip is installed on the clamping plate 2.2.3 to seal the gap between the clamping plate 2.2.3 and the acrylic wall panel 1.2. The plastic strip is positioned outward and tightly attached to the acrylic wall panel 1.2, and is fixed by applying adhesive.

[0075] It should be noted that the circular tube 3.3 on which the piezometer 3.1 is placed is fixed to the channel steel 2.1 by pipe clamps, brackets, etc.

[0076] It should be noted that the water level gauge 3.2 is first fixed on the flange bracket 3.4, and the flange bracket 3.4 is fixed to the stainless steel pipe at the upper end of the water storage tank 1.8 by a C-clamp.

[0077] It should be noted that a scale indicating the water level is affixed to the outside of tank 1.

[0078] It should be noted that a plate is fixed to the frame on the back of the box 1 with glass glue, and holes are drilled in the plate to install and fix the seepage monitoring device 4.

[0079] It should be noted that the 1.4 swivel wheel has a braking function.

[0080] In this specific embodiment, the box frame 1.1 is manufactured by first processing the upper and lower rectangular parts, and then connecting them with columns. The external dimensions of the box frame 1.1 are 2000mm, 800mm, and 1250mm. For ease of description, the 2000mm dimension of the box 1 is defined as the length of the box 1 from left to right; the 800mm dimension of the box 1 is defined as the width of the box 1 from front to back; and the 1250mm dimension of the box 1 is defined as the height of the box 1 from top to bottom. When a person faces the box 1, the left side is designated as the water storage tank 1.8, and the right side is designated as the seepage tank 1.9. In this case, the person is facing the front of the box 1, and the side behind the front of the box 1 is designated as the back.

[0081] The entire frame of the box is made of 304 stainless steel pipes. The pipes are square with an outer size of 50mm*50mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. Eight pipes are cut: four 2000mm long and four 800mm long. The ends of the eight pipes are cut into 45° bevels. Two 2000mm pipes and two 800mm pipes are spliced ​​together to form a rectangle, and two rectangles are spliced ​​together and welded together for fixation.

[0082] Cut six 1150mm long steel pipes as columns and place them between two rectangles; four of the steel pipes are placed between the four corners of the two rectangles, and the other two steel pipes are placed 1000mm from the midpoint of the two rectangles. Weld the six 1150mm long steel pipes to the two rectangles to form a rectangular box frame 1.1.

[0083] Cut three 700mm long steel pipes to serve as the main beams at the bottom of box frame 1.1. One of the steel pipes is placed 1000mm from the midpoint of the bottom of box frame 1.1 as the middle main beam, and the other two steel pipes are placed 700mm on each side of the middle main beam. Weld the three steel pipes serving as main beams to the rectangular steel pipe at the bottom. The construction of box frame 1.1 is now complete.

[0084] Holes are drilled in the steel pipes of the three main beams at the bottom of the box frame 1.1 for installing casters 1.4; the drilling positions are 150mm on each side of the midpoint of the steel pipe of the main beam, forming an array of two rows of round holes in the horizontal direction and three columns in the vertical direction; the casters 1.4 are installed by passing the screw of the caster 1.4 through the hole in the main beam and tightening it with a nut.

[0085] The base plate 1.3 is made of stainless steel plate with a thickness of 5mm; the stainless steel pipe plate has a length of 1900mm and a width of 700mm; after the base plate 1.3 is cut, it is placed at the bottom of the box and rests on the main beam of the base plate 1.3. The base plate 1.3 is welded to the steel pipe around its perimeter.

[0086] Five holes for drainage are drilled on one side of the seepage chamber 1.9 on the base plate 1.3. The five holes are arranged in a row longitudinally, with the center of the hole 50mm away from the outer stainless steel wall plate 1.2 of the seepage chamber 1.9. At the same time, the center of the first hole is 105mm away from the front acrylic plate, and the distance between the next hole and the previous hole is also 105mm.

[0087] The 1.5 water pipe is a circular PVC pipe with a diameter of 100mm, which is fixed below the drain hole by a U-shaped clamp. The U-shaped clamp is fixed to the steel pipe of the box body by AB glue.

[0088] The wall panel 1.2 consists of a front and back panel 1.2, and side panels on both sides. The front and back wall panels 1.2 are made of acrylic sheet with a thickness of 30mm; the acrylic sheet dimensions are 1900mm in length and 1200mm in height. The acrylic wall panels 1.2 are placed inside the cabinet frame 1.1 on the front and back sides, and are fixed using adhesive. All contact surfaces between the wall panel 1.2 and the cabinet frame 1.1 are evenly coated with adhesive, and then supported by multiple support rods 2.2.4 to prevent slippage, ensuring a tight contact between the wall panel 1.2 and the cabinet frame 1.1. The support rods 2.2.4 should be left in place for at least 48 hours to allow the adhesive to cure before being removed.

[0089] The two side panels are made of stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 1.5mm; the stainless steel pipe / plate measures 1150mm in length and 700mm in height. After the base plate (1.3) is cut, it is placed inside the box on both sides, making close contact with the steel pipes on the left and right sides of the box frame (1.1), and then connected by welding. After welding, the surface is ground smooth.

[0090] Channel steel 2.1 is made of galvanized steel. Its specifications are: 20mm internal diameter, 4mm thickness, and a height of 62mm. There are two channels, each 125mm long. Channel steel 2.1 is placed in the middle of the left and right sides of box 1, with one channel steel on each of the front and back sides. Four sets of holes are drilled from top to bottom on channel steel 2.1, with the center of each hole on the center line of its height. The distances from the top edge of the first to fourth sets of holes are 80mm, 290mm, 835mm, and 1000mm respectively, and the diameter of each hole is 10mm. The purposes of these four sets of holes are as follows: the first set of holes is used to connect and fix the diagonal arm 2.2.1; the second and third sets of holes are used to connect and fix the upper and lower crossbeams of the first crossbeam 2.2.5; and the fourth set of holes is used to connect the crossbeam 2.2.2. Before the other components are finished, two channel steels 2.1 are fixed to the inner wall of the box using telescopic screws, with the fixing position between the water storage tank 1.8 and the seepage tank 1.9.

[0091] The diagonal arms 2.2.1, cross arms 2.2.2, support rods 2.2.4, and the second crossbeam 2.2.6 of the sand-fixing component 2 are all made of stainless steel square tubing. The tubing specifications are: length 30mm, height 10mm, and wall thickness 1.5mm. The dimensions of the tubing are as follows: 4 diagonal arms 2.2.1, each 1500mm long; 4 cross arms 2.2.2, each 900mm long; 6 second crossbeams 2.2.6, each 630mm long; and 4 support rods 2.2.4, each 250mm long.

[0092] All steel pipes have round holes at both ends for connecting and inserting threaded rods. The center of the round hole is on the center line of the horizontal length of the steel pipe, and the center of the hole is 15mm away from the outer edge of the steel pipe. The diameter of the round hole is 10mm.

[0093] In addition to the round holes at both ends, the inclined arm 2.2.1 has two additional holes, with the center of each hole located 400mm and 800mm from the outer edge of the steel pipe of the inclined arm 2.2.1, respectively. These round holes are used to insert screws to connect and fix the crossbeam.

[0094] One end of each of the four diagonal arms 2.2.1 is connected and fixed to the uppermost screw hole of the channel steel 2.1 via angle brackets. One end of each of the four horizontal arms 2.2.2 is connected and fixed to the lowermost screw hole of the channel steel 2.1 via angle brackets. The four horizontal arms 2.2.2 are kept horizontal. The other ends of the four diagonal arms 2.2.1 are adjusted to a suitable angle. The channel steel 2.1, each diagonal arm 2.2.1, and each horizontal arm 2.2.2 form a right-angled triangle. The other ends of the four diagonal arms 2.2.1 and the other ends of the four horizontal arms 2.2.2 are inserted into the screw rods. At the same time, the four support rods 2.2.4 are inserted into the screw rods. The screw rods are then tightened with nuts for connection and fixation.

[0095] The filter plate 2.4 is made of stainless steel plate with round holes, with a thickness of 2mm, a hole diameter of 4mm, a hole spacing of 8mm, and a processing dimension of 630mm in length and 300mm in width. A layer of fine-mesh steel wire mesh is covered and fixed on top of the filter plate 2.4. The wire mesh prevents sand particles from overflowing while ensuring water can seep out. The filter plate 2.4 is fixed to the fixing screws of the support rod 2.2.4 using right-angle brackets.

[0096] The clamp plate 2.2.3 is made of plastic sheet, with a width of 40mm and a thickness of 5mm. The clamp plate 2.2.3 is 1250mm long. Circular holes are formed on the clamp plate 2.2.3, and the center position, diameter, and spacing of these holes are the same as those of the steel pipe in the inclined arm 2.2.1. The clamp plate 2.2.3 fixes the filter screen 2.3 to the inclined arm 2.2.1.

[0097] Between the two cross arms 2.2.2 of the same compartment, three second cross beams 2.2.6 are installed sequentially from top to bottom. The cross beams press on the clamping plate 2.2.3, and the screws are inserted and the nuts are tightened to connect and fix them.

[0098] The filter screen 2.3 is made of double-layered steel wire mesh. One layer is a rigid coarse-pore steel wire mesh, and the other layer is a fine-pore steel wire mesh. The fine-pore steel wire mesh prevents sand particles from overflowing while allowing water to overflow, while the coarse-pore steel wire mesh blocks the fine-pore steel wire mesh to prevent deformation. The specifications of the fine-pore steel wire mesh are 0.15mm in mesh diameter and 0.07mm in wire diameter, while the specifications of the coarse-pore steel wire mesh are 1mm in mesh diameter and 0.5mm in wire diameter. The dimensions of both steel wire meshes are 630mm*1200mm. The two steel wire meshes are installed overlapping, with holes drilled according to the positions of the screw holes on the inclined arm 2.2.1. The two steel wire meshes are placed between the inclined arm 2.2.1 and the baffle and are pressed and fixed by screws.

[0099] The plastic strip has a side length of 20mm*20mm and a thickness of 1mm. After assembling the two sand-fixing components and placing them into the box 1, apply glue to the plastic strip and stick it to the clamping plate 2.2.3. After sticking, adjust the position of the plastic strip so that it adheres to the acrylic sheet of the box 1 on both sides to seal the gap between the clamping plate 2.2.3 and the acrylic sheet.

[0100] The geomembrane 2.5 is made of stainless steel plate, 5mm thick, with dimensions of 620mm wide * 1200mm high. It has 42 holes arranged in 7 rows vertically and 6 columns horizontally. Each hole is 7mm in diameter, with 80mm spacing between the centers of holes in each column and 100mm spacing between the centers of holes in each row. The center of the top row of holes is 30mm from the top edge of the geomembrane 2.5. The holes in columns 1, 2, 5, and 6 are used to install and fix angle steel, which rests on channel steel 2.1. The holes at different heights allow for adjustment of the geomembrane 2.5's position. All holes can be optionally sealed with screws, nuts, and rubber gaskets to adjust the seepage flow rate.

[0101] The round holes in columns 1, 2, 5, and 6 are used to install angle steel on the geomembrane 2.5. After the angle steel is installed and fixed, the geomembrane 2.5 can be placed on the U-shaped channel steel 2.1 using the angle steel. These round holes are arranged in 7 rows, allowing the angle steel to be installed at 7 different heights on the geomembrane 2.5, thus simulating the seepage conditions at different heights of the geomembrane 2.5. At the same time, when the angle steel is installed and fixed in a certain row, the round holes below it, as well as the round holes in columns 3 and 4, can be left unsealed or completely sealed. This can simulate the seepage conditions under different seepage prevention performance of the geomembrane 2.5.

[0102] The piezometer 3.1 is a vibrating wire type with a pressure of 0.35 MPa. In this embodiment, two piezometers 3.1 are deployed and named Piezometer No. 1 and Piezometer No. 2, respectively. Piezometer No. 1 is installed 150 mm away from the centerline between the water storage tank 1.8 and the seepage tank, and Piezometer No. 2 is installed 700 mm away from the centerline between the water storage tank 1.8 and the seepage tank. Both piezometers are placed and fixed by the circular tube 3.3.

[0103] The circular tube 3.3 used to house the piezometer 3.1 is made of stainless steel pipe and PVC pipe. The stainless steel pipe has the following specifications: outer diameter 50mm, wall thickness 1mm, and two 300mm long tubes are machined. The pipes are placed vertically, and the lower end of the pipes has 24 circular holes in 4 rows * 6 layers. The center of each row of holes is spaced 90° apart, and the center of each layer of holes is spaced 15mm apart. The center of the bottom layer of holes is 15mm from the lower end of the pipe, and the diameter of the holes is 5mm. A 50mm diameter, 2mm thick stainless steel disc is welded to the lower end of the pipe. To ensure that water can penetrate the pipe while preventing sediment from penetrating, two layers of geotextile are rolled around the outside of the pipe, followed by a layer of fine-mesh wire mesh with a mesh size of 0.15mm and a wire diameter of 0.07mm.

[0104] The PVC pipe has an outer diameter of 50mm and a wall thickness of 2mm. It is processed into one 1300mm long pipe, one 800mm long pipe, and a 1300mm long connector.

[0105] A stainless steel pipe is connected to an 800mm long PVC pipe via a straight connector, and a No. 1 piezometer is installed. A stainless steel pipe is connected to a 1300mm long PVC pipe via an elbow connector, and a No. 2 piezometer is installed.

[0106] Pipe clamps are installed on the circular tubes 3.3 of piezometers No. 1 and No. 2. The pipe clamps are connected to angle brackets by their own screws or extended screws. The angle brackets are fixed to the upper and lower crossbeams of the first crossbeam 2.2.5 between the channel steel 2.1.

[0107] The water level gauge 3.2 is an ultrasonic type with an accuracy of 5mm and a detection distance of 0.1m to 2m.

[0108] The probe of water level gauge 3.2 is inserted into the flange to fix water level gauge 3.2 to the flange; the two sides of the flange are fixed to two right-angle brackets, and the two right-angle brackets are connected and fixed to a C-shaped bracket; the bottom of the C-shaped bracket is connected and fixed to a C-shaped clamp, and the C-shaped clamp is clamped on the horizontal steel pipe of the water storage tank 1.8 of the tank.

[0109] The specifications of water pump 4.7 are: maximum head 10 meters, rated power 60W, voltage DC12V, and maximum flow rate 8 liters / minute. Water pump 4.7 is placed in a water storage basin at the bottom of the enclosure. The outlet of water pump 4.7 is connected to a flexible hose, and the other end of the hose is placed inside the water storage tank 1.8.

[0110] Install a guide rail on the bottom plate 1.3 of the equipment box 4.1. The highest edge of the guide rail is 10mm away from the top of the equipment box 4.1. Install the circuit breaker, power module 4.2, and IoT module 4.6 on the guide rail in sequence. Make a hole in the lower left area of ​​the equipment box 4.1 and install the data acquisition device 4.3. Make a hole in the lower right area of ​​the equipment box 4.1 and install the edge computing module 4.4.

[0111] The incoming terminal of the circuit breaker is connected to an external AC220 power supply, and the outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker is connected to the input terminal of power module 4.2. Power module 4.2 is a 220 / 12V-60W model. The output terminal of power module 4.2 is connected to the power terminals of water level gauge 3.2, data acquisition instrument 4.3, edge computing module 4.4, relay 4.5, and IoT module 4.6 in parallel.

[0112] The power supply terminal of water pump 4.7 is connected to the two sets of output terminals of relay 4.5 in series.

[0113] The four outgoing wires of the two piezometers 3.1 are connected to the first and second channels of the data acquisition unit 4.3 respectively. The communication output terminal of the data acquisition unit 4.3, the communication output terminal of the water level gauge 3.2, and the communication output terminal of the relay module 4.5 are connected to the communication input terminal of the edge computing module 4.4 in parallel. The communication output terminal of the edge computing module 4.4 is connected to the Internet of Things module 4.6.

[0114] In the above detailed description, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the present invention is in a state with fewer features than all of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby clearly incorporated into the detailed description, wherein each claim stands alone as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0115] The disclosed embodiments have been described above to enable any person skilled in the art to implement or use this invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but is consistent with the widest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed in this application.

[0116] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

[0117] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A permeation monitoring test device, characterized by: It includes a housing (1), sand-fixing components (2), instrument components (3), and a seepage monitoring device (4), wherein: The sand-fixing component (2) is installed inside the box (1); the sand-fixing component (2) is used to prevent the filling material in the test device from sliding down and overflowing; the instrument component (3) is used to collect the data required by the test device; the seepage monitoring device (4) is used to calculate and process the data collected by the instrument component (3) to obtain the seepage distribution and seepage flow data; the instrument component (3) and the seepage monitoring device (4) are electrically coupled. The box (1) comprises a box frame (1.1), wall panels (1.2), a base plate (1.3), casters (1.4), a water pipe (1.5), a water tray (1.6), a measuring cup (1.7), a water storage tank (1.8), and a seepage tank (1.9), wherein: The box frame (1.1) is a hollow cuboid structure; the wall panels (1.2) are embedded around the inside of the box frame (1.1); the bottom plate (1.3) is embedded at the bottom of the inside of the box frame (1.1); the lower part of the bottom plate (1.3) is provided with a large beam for strengthening the support, and the casters (1.4) are fixed to the large beam below the bottom plate (1.3); the bottom plate (1.3) is provided with a drainage hole on this side of the seepage chamber (1.9); the water guide pipe (1 .5) is a semi-circular tube with the notch facing upwards, fixed below the drain hole; the water guide pipe (1.5) is fixed with one end higher and the other end lower; the water tray (1.6) is placed below the water guide pipe (1.5); the measuring cup (1.7) is placed inside the water tray (1.6); the measuring cup (1.7) is aligned with the lower end of the water guide pipe (1.5); the water storage tank (1.8) is used to simulate the water-facing side of the dam; the seepage tank (1.9) is used to simulate the water-repellent side of the dam; The sand-fixing component (2) includes a channel steel (2.1), a sand-fixing frame (2.2), a water filter screen (2.3), a water filter plate (2.4), and a seepage-proof plate (2.5), wherein: The channel steel (2.1) is a U-shaped channel steel; there are two channel steels (2.1); the channel steel (2.1) is vertically installed on the vertical line at the junction of the water storage tank (1.8) and the seepage tank (1.9) inside the box body (1); the non-opening side of the channel steel (2.1) is attached and fixed to the inner wall surface of the wall panel (1.2); The sand-fixing frame (2.2) comprises 4 diagonal arms (2.2.1), 4 horizontal arms (2.2.2), 4 clamping plates (2.2.3), 4 support rods (2.2.4), a first crossbeam (2.2.5), and a second crossbeam (2.2.6); the channel steel (2.1) is connected and reinforced by the first crossbeam (2.2.5); the upper part of each channel steel (2.1) is connected and fixed to one end of two diagonal arms (2.2.1), and the lower part of each channel steel (2.1) is connected and fixed to one end of two support rods (2.2.6). One end of the horizontal arm (2.2.2) is fixed; each of the channel steels (2.1) and the inclined arms (2.2.1) and the horizontal arms (2.2.2) in each of the water storage tank (1.8) and the seepage tank (1.9) form a right-angled triangle shape; the intersection of the inclined arms (2.2.1) and the horizontal arms (2.2.2) is fixed; the intersection of multiple inclined arms (2.2.1) and the horizontal arms (2.2.2) is simultaneously fixed to the vertically placed support rod (2.2.4); Each of the channel steels (2.1) and the inclined arms (2.2.1) and the cross arms (2.2.2) fixed on both sides form an isosceles triangle shape; the second cross beam (2.2.6) is installed and fixed on the two inclined arms (2.2.1) of the same tank (1.8) or the seepage tank (1.9); the number of the second cross beams (2.2.6) is at least 2; The height of the filter plate (2.4) is the same as the height of the support rod (2.2.4); the width of the filter plate (2.4) is the same as the horizontal distance between the two support rods (2.2.4) in the same compartment; there are two filter plates (2.4), which are vertically fixed on the two support rods (2.2.4) in the same compartment respectively; The filter screen (2.3) is installed on the two inclined arms (2.2.1) in the same compartment; the filter screen (2.3) is fixed to the inclined arms (2.2.1) by clamps; The impermeable plate (2.5) is installed in the openings of the two channel steels (2.1); the impermeable plate (2.5) is installed by inserting it into the openings of the two channel steels (2.1) from above; the upper end of the impermeable plate (2.5) is provided with screw holes of different heights, and the installation height of the impermeable plate (2.5) is adjusted by installing a first bracket on the screw holes of the corresponding heights; the first bracket rests on the top of the channel steel (2.1).

2. The flow monitoring test device of claim 1, wherein: The box frame (1.1) is made of metal material; the main beam is made of metal.

3. The flow monitoring test device of claim 1, wherein: The filter plate (2.4) is made of perforated board material, and a layer of fine wire mesh that can seep water but cannot seep sand is fixed on the board material; the filter mesh (2.3) is made of double-layer wire mesh, one layer is a rigid coarse wire mesh, and the other layer is a fine wire mesh that can seep water but cannot seep sand.

4. The flow monitoring test device of claim 1, wherein: The instrument assembly (3) includes a piezometer (3.1), a water level gauge (3.2), a circular tube (3.3), and a flange support (3.4), wherein: At least two piezometers (3.1) are placed inside the circular tube (3.3) via cables; the circular tube (3.3) is made of a circular tube with seepage holes at the bottom; the circular tube (3.3) is fixed inside the seepage chamber (1.9) of the housing (1); the top height of the circular tube (3.3) is not higher than the height of the channel steel (2.1); the top height of the circular tube (3.3) is not lower than the height of the filter screen (2.3); The water level gauge (3.2) is fixed to the upper end of the water storage tank (1.8) of the housing (1) by the flange bracket (3.4); the upper end of the flange bracket (3.4) is a flange; the flange is fixed on the second bracket; the second bracket is fixedly connected to the C-clamp; the C-clamp is fixed on the housing frame (1.1).

5. The flow monitoring test device of claim 4, wherein: The water level gauge (3.2) is an ultrasonic or radar water level gauge.

6. The seepage monitoring test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seepage monitoring device (4) includes an equipment box (4.1), a power module (4.2), a data acquisition unit (4.3), an edge computing module (4.4), a relay (4.5), an Internet of Things module (4.6), and a water pump (4.7), wherein: The power output terminals of the power module (4.2) are electrically coupled to the power terminals of the water level gauge (3.2), the data acquisition device (4.3), the edge computing module (4.4), the relay (4.5), and the Internet of Things module (4.6); the terminals of the piezometer (3.1) are electrically coupled to the input terminals of the data acquisition device (4.3); the communication terminals of the water level gauge (3.2) are electrically coupled to the communication terminals of the edge computing module (4.4) and the relay (4.5); the water pump (4.7) is electrically coupled to the output terminal of the relay (4.5); the output terminals of the data acquisition device (4.3) and the edge computing module (4.4) are electrically coupled to the Internet of Things module (4.6). The water pump (4.7) is placed inside the water tray (1.6); the outlet of the water pipe connected to the water pump (4.7) is fixed inside the water storage tank (1.8) of the box body (1).

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