Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack, which comprises a plurality of single batteries and a first box body, the plurality of single batteries are arranged along a first direction, and the first box body is provided with an immersion cavity for accommodating the plurality of single batteries; the first box body comprises a first plate piece and a second plate piece, and the first plate piece is arranged on one side of the plurality of single batteries along the second direction and is used for defining an immersion cavity; the first plate is provided with a first cavity and a first outlet, and the first outlet communicates with the first cavity and the immersion cavity; orthographic projections of the plurality of single batteries on the first plate in the second direction are located in the first outlet; the second plate is arranged on one side, far away from the first plate, of the plurality of battery monomers in the second direction, and is used for defining an immersion cavity; the second plate is provided with a second cavity and a second inlet, and the second inlet is communicated with the second cavity and the immersion cavity; orthographic projections of the plurality of single batteries on the second plate in the second direction are located in the second inlet; the first direction and the second direction intersect. Immersed heat exchange is adopted, and the heat exchange uniformity can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] During charging and discharging, individual battery cells within a battery pack generate heat, which is dissipated and cooled by liquid cooling plates installed within the pack. However, as battery packs evolve towards higher charge / discharge rates, the amount of heat generated during charging and discharging increases, leading to excessively high pack temperatures. Using liquid cooling plates to cool individual battery cells presents several challenges: a slow cooling rate and uneven temperature distribution within the cells, resulting in reduced charge / discharge cycle life and an increased risk of thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: This application provides a battery pack that aims to solve the problems of slow cooling rate of the battery pack and uneven temperature of individual battery cells during high-rate charging and discharging, which lead to reduced charge-discharge cycle life and increased risk of thermal runaway.

[0004] Technical solution: A battery pack according to an embodiment of this application includes:

[0005] Multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction;

[0006] The first housing has an immersion chamber for accommodating multiple battery cells;

[0007] The first enclosure includes:

[0008] A first plate is disposed on one side of a plurality of battery cells along a second direction and is used to form an immersion chamber; the first plate has a first cavity and a first outlet, the first outlet being connected to the first cavity and the immersion chamber respectively; the orthographic projection of the plurality of battery cells along the second direction on the first plate is located within the first outlet;

[0009] The second plate is disposed on the side of the plurality of battery cells away from the first plate along the second direction and is used to form an immersion cavity; the second plate has a second cavity and a second inlet, the second inlet being connected to the second cavity and the immersion cavity respectively; the orthographic projection of the plurality of battery cells on the second plate along the second direction is located in the second inlet;

[0010] The first and second directions intersect.

[0011] In some embodiments,

[0012] The first housing also includes a plurality of support members arranged along a third direction, at least two of which are disposed between the second plate and the plurality of battery cells and are respectively connected to the second plate and the plurality of battery cells; the second inlet is disposed between two adjacent support members;

[0013] Each battery cell has a first pressure relief component, which is positioned facing the second inlet.

[0014] Among them, the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction respectively.

[0015] In some embodiments,

[0016] The first plate has multiple first outlets, which are spaced apart along a third direction and are all connected to the first cavity;

[0017] The second plate has multiple second inlets, which are spaced apart along a third direction and all communicate with the second cavity; a second inlet is provided between two adjacent support members.

[0018] In some embodiments,

[0019] The first plate has a plurality of first cavities, which are spaced apart along a third direction, and each first cavity is connected to at least one first outlet;

[0020] The second plate has multiple second cavities, which are spaced apart along a third direction, and each second inlet communicates with one second cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments,

[0022] Multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction to form a battery pack. The battery pack includes multiple battery packs, which are arranged along a third direction.

[0023] The portion of each battery pack projected onto the first plate along the second direction is located within at least one first outlet, and the portion of each battery cell projected onto the second plate along the second direction is located within a second inlet.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first housing further includes:

[0025] The first current collector is connected to the first plate. The first current collector has a communicating third inlet and multiple third outlets. Each third outlet is communicating with a first cavity. The third inlet is located on the side of the first current collector away from the first plate.

[0026] The second manifold is connected to the second plate and has a fourth outlet and multiple fourth inlets, each of which is connected to a second cavity.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first housing further includes:

[0028] A frame is disposed between the first plate and the second plate, and is sealed to the first plate and the second plate respectively; along the first direction, the frame is disposed on the same side of the first collector and the second collector, and the frame has an opening disposed on the side of the frame facing the first collector and the second collector.

[0029] The third plate is disposed at the opening and is sealed to the frame, the first plate and the second plate to form an immersion chamber; the third plate is connected to the first manifold and the second manifold; the third plate has a fifth inlet, a third chamber and a fifth outlet, the fifth inlet is connected to the fourth outlet and the fifth outlet is disposed on the side of the third plate away from the immersion chamber; along the second direction, the fifth outlet is disposed on the side of the fifth inlet away from the second plate.

[0030] In some embodiments,

[0031] The third plate also has a pressure relief hole, which is located on the side of the third plate away from the immersion chamber; along the second direction, the pressure relief hole is located on the side of the fifth outlet away from the fifth inlet;

[0032] The first housing also includes a second pressure relief component, which is located inside the pressure relief hole and is sealed to the third plate.

[0033] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a plurality of spacer components, each spacer component being disposed between two adjacent battery cells along a first direction and connected to the two battery cells respectively;

[0034] The spacing components include:

[0035] Two first spacers are spaced apart along a third direction and are respectively connected to two adjacent battery cells;

[0036] At least one second spacer is disposed between two first spacers along a third direction and is connected to two battery cells respectively; the first spacers, the second spacers and two adjacent battery cells form an immersion channel, which is connected to the immersion chamber.

[0037] In the second direction, the size of the first spacer is larger than the size of the second spacer.

[0038] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a second housing having a receiving cavity, wherein the first housing is disposed within the receiving cavity and connected to the second housing.

[0039] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application includes multiple battery cells and a first housing. The multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction, and the first housing has an immersion cavity for accommodating the multiple battery cells. The first housing includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is disposed on one side of the multiple battery cells along a second direction and is used to form the immersion cavity. The first plate has a first cavity and a first outlet, and the first outlet is connected to the first cavity and the immersion cavity respectively. The orthographic projection of the multiple battery cells along the second direction onto the first plate is located in the first outlet. The second plate is disposed on the side of the multiple battery cells away from the first plate along the second direction and is used to form the immersion cavity. The second plate has a second cavity and a second inlet, and the second inlet is connected to the second cavity and the immersion cavity respectively. The orthographic projection of the multiple battery cells along the second direction onto the second plate is located in the second inlet. The first direction and the second direction intersect. This application employs a first plate and a second plate positioned opposite each other on either side of a battery cell. The first plate guides the coolant into the immersion chamber, where it contacts the battery cell for heat exchange. The second plate then draws the coolant out through its second inlet, allowing the coolant to flow freely within the immersion chamber. This effectively reduces thermal resistance and enables rapid heat exchange within the battery cell. Furthermore, the immersion heat exchange method significantly improves heat exchange uniformity. Additionally, the first outlet and second inlet are positioned opposite each battery cell, ensuring that coolant flows from top to bottom through each cell, effectively cooling each individual cell. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first box according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second plate component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second current collector according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first plate and a first current collector according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third plate component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of coolant on a large surface of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of normal heat exchange of coolant according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction during thermal runaway exhaust according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 100. Battery pack; 110. Battery cell; 111. First pressure relief component; 200. First housing; 210. Immersion chamber; 220. First plate; 221. First cavity; 222. First outlet; 223. First inlet; 230. Second plate; 231. Second cavity; 232. Second inlet; 233. Second outlet; 240. Support component; 250. First current collector; 251. Third inlet; 252. Third outlet; 260. Second current collector; 261. Fourth inlet; 262. Fourth outlet; 270. Frame; 271. Opening; 280. Third plate; 281. Fifth inlet; 282. Third cavity; 283. Fifth outlet; 284. Pressure relief hole; 290. Second pressure relief component; 300. Second housing; 310. Receiving cavity; 400. Spacer assembly; 410. First spacer; 420. Second spacer; 430. Immersion channel; X. First direction; Z. Second direction; Y. Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "at least one" can mean one, two, or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of this application, "perpendicular" means completely perpendicular to 90° or almost completely perpendicular, for example, the range of included angles from 80° to 100° is considered perpendicular. Similarly, "parallel" means completely parallel or almost completely parallel, for example, the range of completely parallel angles from 10° is considered parallel.

[0054] It should also be noted that in the accompanying drawings of this application, arrows labeled X indicate the first direction X, arrows labeled Z indicate the second direction Z, and arrows labeled Y indicate the third direction Y. The introduction of the first direction X, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y is to facilitate the description of the structural positional relationships of the battery pack, thereby aiding in understanding its structure. In the embodiments of this application, the first direction X is the direction in which the multiple battery cells 110 are arranged, and is also the length direction of the battery pack; the second direction Z is the arrangement direction of the first plate 220, the battery cells 110, and the second plate 230, and is also the height direction of the battery pack; the third direction Y is the arrangement direction of the multiple first outlets 222, and is also the width direction of the battery pack; and the first direction X, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y intersect each other, and furthermore, the first direction X, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0055] In related technologies, bottom liquid cooling is used to dissipate heat from the batteries within the battery pack. However, bottom liquid cooling solutions have limitations in heat dissipation capacity and cannot cope with high-rate charging scenarios. Furthermore, bottom liquid cooling is affected by thermal resistance, leading to uneven temperatures across the battery, reduced high-rate charge-discharge cycle life, and a high risk of thermal runaway. Additionally, conventional liquid cooling solutions do not dissipate heat from the aluminum bus and battery terminals, posing a risk of localized hotspots.

[0056] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack designed to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0057] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 This application provides a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells 110 and a first housing 200. The plurality of battery cells 110 are arranged along a first direction X. The first housing 200 has an immersion cavity 210 for accommodating the plurality of battery cells 110. The first housing 200 includes a first plate 220 and a second plate 230. The first plate 220 is disposed on one side of the plurality of battery cells 110 along a second direction Z and is used to form the immersion cavity 210. The first plate 220 has a first cavity 221 and a first outlet 222, and the first outlet 222 is connected to the first cavity 221 and the immersion cavity 210 respectively. The first plate 220 is connected to the second plate 230; the orthographic projection of the multiple battery cells 110 along the second direction Z on the first plate 220 is located within the first outlet 222; the second plate 230 is disposed on the side of the multiple battery cells 110 away from the first plate 220 along the second direction Z, and is used to form an immersion cavity 210; the second plate 230 has a second cavity 231 and a second inlet 232, the second inlet 232 being connected to the second cavity 231 and the immersion cavity 210 respectively; the orthographic projection of the multiple battery cells 110 along the second direction Z on the second plate 230 is located within the second inlet 232; wherein the first direction X and the second direction Z intersect.

[0058] In this embodiment, by setting a first plate 220 and a second plate 230 opposite to each other on both sides of the battery cell 110, the first plate 220 is used to guide the coolant into the immersion chamber 210 for heat exchange with the battery cell 110, and the second inlet 232 of the second plate 230 is used to draw the coolant out. This achieves cooling within the immersion chamber 210, and the coolant can fully contact and exchange heat with the battery cell 110, thus effectively reducing thermal resistance and achieving rapid heat exchange of the battery cell 110. Simultaneously, the immersion heat exchange effectively improves heat exchange uniformity. Furthermore, the first outlet 222 and the second inlet 232 are respectively opposite to each battery cell 110, ensuring that coolant flows from top to bottom through each battery cell 110, achieving effective cooling for each battery cell 110.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, since immersion liquid cooling is used and the coolant is in full contact with the battery cell 110, including the side surface of the battery cell 110, as well as the top and bottom surfaces of the battery cell 110, and aluminum bars are used to connect the terminals of adjacent battery cells 110, the terminals and aluminum bars may also come into contact with the coolant. Therefore, the coolant in this embodiment of the application is preferably a non-conductive cooling oil.

[0060] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Specifically, in this embodiment, the first plate 220 includes a first inlet 223, a first cavity 221, and a first outlet 222 connected in sequence. Coolant is injected into the first cavity 221 from the first inlet 223 and flows into the immersion cavity 210 from the first cavity 221. At this time, it can contact the outer surface of the battery cell 110 for contact heat exchange, effectively reducing thermal resistance and improving heat exchange efficiency. Thus, the coolant flows from the first inlet 223 through the side of the battery cell 110 and through the immersion cavity 210 to the second inlet 232 of the second plate 230, and flows into the second cavity 231 from the second inlet 232. The second plate 230 also includes a second outlet 233. Coolant flows from the second cavity 231 to the second outlet 233 and is drawn out from the second outlet 233 into the external circulation system. The external circulation system is connected to the first inlet 223, thus realizing the circulation of coolant in the immersion cavity 210, thereby achieving effective and rapid heat exchange of the battery cell 110 in the immersion cavity 210 and ensuring uniformity.

[0061] Additionally, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the orthographic projection of multiple battery cells 110 along the second direction Z onto the first plate 220 is located within the first outlet 222, and the orthographic projection of multiple battery cells 110 along the second direction Z onto the second plate 230 is located within the second inlet 232. It can be understood that the length of the first outlet 222 along the first direction X is greater than or equal to the length of the multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a group, and the length of the second inlet 232 along the first direction X is greater than or equal to the length of the multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a group. In this case, after the coolant enters the first cavity 221 from the first inlet 223, it can flow out from the longer first outlet 222. This ensures that multiple battery cells 110 are covered and that all of them can contact the coolant, thereby achieving effective cooling of all battery cells 110 within the battery pack, improving heat exchange uniformity, and enhancing the safety of the battery pack. Meanwhile, the length of the second inlet 232 along the first direction X is greater than or equal to the length of the multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a group. This allows the coolant flowing from the first outlet 222 to enter the second cavity 231 more quickly after contacting and cooling with the multiple battery cells 110, achieving rapid circulation. At the same time, it prevents the high heat of the coolant in some areas from being transferred to adjacent battery cells 110, thus further improving safety.

[0062] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first plate 220 is preferably disposed above the battery cell 110, and the second plate 230 is preferably disposed below the battery cell 110. In this case, the coolant can flow into the immersion chamber 210 from the first outlet 222 under the action of gravity, and enter the second inlet 232 from the immersion chamber 210. This can increase the coolant flow rate, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, and can reduce the energy consumption of the coolant circulation system and the circulation difficulty.

[0063] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, along the second direction Z, the first plate 220 is preferably spaced apart from the battery cell 110, and the second plate 230 is preferably spaced apart from the battery cell 110, so as to provide space for the flow of coolant and to effectively exchange and cool the sides of the battery cell 110 opposite to the first plate 220 and the second plate 230, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0064] It should be noted again that the elongated first outlet 222 and second inlet 232 in this embodiment can effectively avoid assembly tolerances and reduce the risk of clogging.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first housing 200 further includes a plurality of support members 240 arranged along a third direction Y, at least two support members 240 being disposed between the second plate 230 and the plurality of battery cells 110, and respectively connected to the second plate 230 and the plurality of battery cells 110; a second inlet 232 being disposed between two adjacent support members 240; the battery cell 110 having a first pressure relief member 111, the first pressure relief member 111 being disposed toward the second inlet 232; wherein, the third direction Y intersects with the first direction X and the second direction Z respectively.

[0066] In this embodiment, by providing multiple support members 240, the battery cell 110 can be effectively supported, thereby achieving the spacing between the second plate 230 and the battery cell 110 and effectively fixing the battery cell 110. Furthermore, the second inlet 232 is located between two adjacent support members 240, increasing the communication range between the second inlet 232 and the immersion chamber 210, thus facilitating the convergence of coolant at the second inlet 232 and its entry into the second chamber 231.

[0067] It should be noted that the support member 240 in this embodiment can be bonded and fixed to the side of the battery cell 110 by applying structural adhesive or other adhesive layers. Meanwhile, the side of the support member 240 that is adhesively bonded to the battery cell 110 is located on the side of the support member 240 away from the second plate 230. The support member 240 can be connected to the second plate 230 by bolts, etc. In this case, the adhesive application position can be moved away from the second plate 230, which can prevent overflow of adhesive during the process of bonding the battery cell 110 and prevent blockage of the second inlet 232, effectively ensuring the flow capacity of the second inlet 232.

[0068] It should also be noted that the support member 240 in this embodiment can also be connected to the frame 270 of the second box 300, which can improve the overall structural strength.

[0069] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first plate 220 has a plurality of first outlets 222, which are spaced apart along the third direction Y and are all connected to the first cavity 221; the second plate 230 has a plurality of second inlets 232, which are spaced apart along the third direction Y and are all connected to the second cavity 231; a second inlet 232 is provided between two adjacent support members 240.

[0070] In this embodiment of the application, by providing a plurality of first outlets 222 on the first plate 220 and a plurality of second inlets 232 on the second plate 230, the coolant can flow into the immersion chamber 210 more quickly and flow from the immersion chamber 210 into the second chamber 231 more quickly, thus achieving faster circulation of the coolant and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first plate 220 has a plurality of first cavities 221, which are spaced apart along a third direction Y, and each first cavity 221 is connected to at least one first outlet 222; the second plate 230 has a plurality of second cavities 231, which are spaced apart along a third direction Y, and each second inlet 232 is connected to a second cavity 231.

[0072] In this embodiment of the application, by setting multiple first chambers 221 and multiple second chambers 231, the coolant can be more evenly distributed into the immersion chamber 210, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect.

[0073] In some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells 110 are arranged along a first direction X to form a battery pack 100. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery packs 100, which are arranged along a third direction Y. The portion of the orthographic projection of each battery pack 100 onto a first plate 220 along a second direction Z is located within at least one first outlet 222, and the portion of the orthographic projection of each battery cell 110 onto a second plate 230 along the second direction Z is located within a second inlet 232.

[0074] In this embodiment of the application, by setting multiple battery packs 100 in the immersion chamber 210, and the multiple battery packs 100 being correspondingly set with multiple first outlets 222 and second inlets 232, it is possible to achieve a large capacity battery pack, while ensuring that multiple battery cells 110 in the large capacity battery pack can achieve effective heat exchange and cooling.

[0075] In some embodiments, each battery pack 100 may correspond to two first inlets 223 and one second inlet 232, thereby enabling a large injection volume of coolant and a residence time in the immersion chamber 210, which can effectively immerse and cool the battery cells 110.

[0076] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first housing 200 further includes a first current collector 250 and a second current collector 260. The first current collector 250 is connected to the first plate 220 and has a communicating third inlet 251 and a plurality of third outlets 252. Each third outlet 252 is connected to a first cavity 221. The third inlet 251 is located on the side of the first current collector 250 away from the first plate 220. The second current collector 260 is connected to the second plate 230 and has a communicating fourth outlet 262 and a plurality of fourth inlets 261. Each fourth inlet 261 is connected to a second cavity 231.

[0077] In this embodiment, by connecting the first current collector 250 to the first plate 220, and having multiple third outlets 252 of the first current collector 250 connected to a first cavity 221 respectively, coolant can be injected from the third inlet 251 and into each first cavity 221 via the multiple third outlets 252, achieving uniform distribution of coolant and thus enabling effective contact cooling between the battery pack 100 in the immersion cavity 210 and the coolant. Connecting the second current collector 260 to the second plate 230 allows the coolant in the multiple second cavities 231 to flow out through the fourth outlet 262 to the external circulation system, facilitating the circulation input and output of coolant.

[0078] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first housing 200 further includes a frame 270 and a third plate 280. The frame 270 is disposed between the first plate 220 and the second plate 230, and is sealed to the first plate 220 and the second plate 230 respectively. Along the first direction X, the frame 270 is disposed on the same side of the first collector 250 and the second collector 260. The frame 270 has an opening 271, which is disposed on the side of the frame 270 facing the first collector 250 and the second collector 260. The third plate 280 is disposed at the opening 271 and is divided into... The third plate 280 is sealed to the frame 270, the first plate 220 and the second plate 230 to form the immersion chamber 210; the third plate 280 is connected to the first collector 250 and the second collector 260 respectively; the third plate 280 has a communicating fifth inlet 281, a third cavity 282 and a fifth outlet 283, the fifth inlet 281 is communicating with the fourth outlet 262, and the fifth outlet 283 is located on the side of the third plate 280 away from the immersion chamber 210; along the second direction Z, the fifth outlet 283 is located on the side of the fifth inlet 281 away from the second plate 230.

[0079] In this embodiment, a frame 270 and a third plate 280 are sealed together with the first plate 220 and the second plate 230 to form a sealed immersion chamber 210. This allows the battery cell 110 to exchange heat and cool down within the sealed immersion chamber 210, preventing coolant leakage. The third plate 280 has a third cavity 282, which is connected to the second cavity 231 via a second current collector 260. Coolant flows into the third cavity 282 after passing through the second cavity 231, and then flows out through the fifth outlet 283 of the third cavity 282 into the external coolant circulation system, thus forming a circulation loop. Since the fifth outlet 283 is located above the second plate 230 along the second direction Z, the coolant level in the immersion chamber 210 can be further increased, further improving the immersion cooling effect. Additionally, this provides a gas buffer storage space for the battery cell 110 in the event of thermal runaway.

[0080] The frame 270 and the third plate 280 form a U-shaped frame. The first plate 220 and the second plate 230 respectively cover the two open sides of the U-shaped frame, and a sealing element can be provided between the first plate 220 and the second plate 230 and the U-shaped frame for compression and sealing.

[0081] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the third plate 280 also has a pressure relief hole 284, which is located on the side of the third plate 280 away from the immersion chamber 210; along the second direction Z, the pressure relief hole 284 is located on the side of the fifth outlet 283 away from the fifth inlet 281; the first housing 200 also includes a second pressure relief member 290, which is located in the pressure relief hole 284 and is sealed to the third plate 280.

[0082] In this embodiment, a pressure relief hole 284 is provided on the third plate 280, and the pressure relief hole 284 is located on the side of the fifth outlet 283 away from the fifth inlet 281. This is equivalent to the pressure relief hole 284 being located on the side of the coolant outlet away from the second plate 230. When a large amount of gas is discharged due to thermal runaway from the battery cell 110, the third chamber 282 can provide a gas storage buffer space for the thermal runaway gas. Since the fifth outlet 283 (liquid outlet) is located below the pressure relief hole 284, the coolant level can reach the fifth outlet 283 and be drawn out by it. This can be considered a physical separation, with the upper half of the third chamber 282 serving as a gas storage space and the lower half as a liquid storage space. When there is a large amount of thermal runaway gas, the second pressure relief component 290 can open to promptly expel the gas from the third chamber 282. Since the liquid level does not reach the pressure relief hole 284, the coolant will not spray out from the pressure relief hole 284, thus effectively preventing coolant leakage.

[0083] Please see Figure 9 Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, the fifth inlet 281 is used to communicate with the fourth outlet 262 of the second current collector 260, thereby forming an exhaust passage in which gas flows sequentially through the immersion chamber 210, the second chamber 231, the second outlet 233, the fourth inlet 261, the fourth outlet 262, the fifth inlet 281, the third chamber 282 and the fifth outlet 283 when the battery cell 110 thermally runs away. In this embodiment, the first pressure relief component 111 of the battery cell 110 is disposed facing the second inlet 232. When the battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway, the gas-solid jet formed by the thermal runaway gas and particulate matter is ejected towards the second inlet 232. The gas-solid jet enters the second cavity 231 along the second inlet 232 and flows into the third cavity 282 via the second current collector 260. The gas has a lower density than the liquid and solid, and a higher pressure and flow rate. It is ejected upward along the second pressure relief component 290. The solid particles sink into the coolant and flow out of the third cavity 282 along the fifth outlet 283. After passing through an external filtration system, the solids are filtered to prevent them from re-entering the battery pack and causing corresponding electrical risks. Through this structural design, the gas, solid, and liquid can be effectively separated when the battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway. This can prevent the coolant from flowing out in large quantities with the gas, which would cause poor heat dissipation inside the battery pack, and prevent solid particles from adhering to high-voltage devices and causing short circuit risks. It can also effectively avoid heat diffusion.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a plurality of spacer components 400, each spacer component 400 being disposed between two adjacent battery cells 110 along a first direction X and connected to the two battery cells 110 respectively; the spacer component 400 includes two first spacers 410 and at least one second spacer 420, the two first spacers 410 being spaced apart along a third direction Y and connected to the two adjacent battery cells 110 respectively; at least one second spacer 420 being spaced apart between the two first spacers 410 along a third direction Y and connected to the two battery cells 110 respectively; the first spacers 410, the second spacers 420 and the two adjacent battery cells 110 form an immersion channel 430, the immersion channel 430 communicating with the immersion cavity 210; wherein, along the second direction Z, the size of the first spacer 410 is larger than the size of the second spacer 420.

[0085] In this embodiment, by setting an isolation component between two adjacent battery cells 110, a liquid injection gap is formed, providing space for the coolant to flow through, thereby ensuring the immersion cooling effect of the battery cells 110. Specifically, an immersion flow channel 430 is formed by setting a first spacer 410 and a second spacer 420, connecting the immersion chamber 210. This allows the coolant to flow from the first outlet 222 into the immersion chamber 210, and then from the immersion chamber 210 into the immersion flow channel 430 to contact and exchange heat with the sidewalls of the battery cells 110, before flowing to the second inlet 232. The immersion flow channel 430 is relatively narrow along the first direction X, allowing the coolant to have good contact with the sidewalls of the battery cells 110 after flowing into the immersion flow channel 430, thus achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0086] It should be noted that the dimension of the first spacer 410 along the second direction Z is larger than the dimension of the second spacer 420 along the second direction Z. This can be divided into two cases: First, the sides of the first spacer 410 and the second spacer 420 closest to the first plate 220 are on the same plane. In this case, the distance between the second spacer 420 and the second plate 230 is greater than the distance between the first spacer 410 and the second plate 230. After the coolant flows out from the immersion channel 430, it is obstructed and turbulent by the first spacer 410, and will flow towards... The second spacer 420 converges, which is more conducive to the convergence of coolant to the second inlet 232; secondly, the distance between the side of the first spacer 410 near the first plate 220 and the first plate 220 is greater than the distance between the side of the second spacer 420 near the first plate 220 and the first plate 220. This makes it more conducive to the coolant being diverted by the second spacer 420 after entering between the two first spacers 410, so as to flow into different immersion channels 430, thereby achieving more uniform heat exchange and cooling of the battery cell 110 by the immersion liquid.

[0087] It should be noted that the plurality of embodiments in this application can be two or more, and at least one can be one, two or more.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a second housing 300 having a receiving cavity 310, and a first housing 200 disposed within the receiving cavity 310 and connected to the second housing 300.

[0089] In this embodiment, by providing a second housing 300, the first housing 200 is placed within the receiving cavity 310 of the second housing 300. The receiving cavity 310 of the second housing 300 also provides housing space for high-voltage devices. This dual-cavity arrangement provides physical isolation between the immersion cavity 210 and the high-voltage devices, further improving safety. Simultaneously, the second housing 300 is directly assembled within the first housing 200, achieving physical isolation between the immersion cavity 210 within the second housing 300 and the external space. In the event of a vehicle collision and the battery pack being compressed, the second housing 300 absorbs energy from all sides, preventing direct leakage of oil from the immersion cavity 210, thus ensuring the operational safety of the battery pack.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0091] The battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above, and specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, include: Multiple battery cells (110) are arranged along a first direction (X); The first housing (200) has an immersion cavity (210) for accommodating a plurality of said battery cells (110); The first housing (200) includes: A first plate (220) is disposed on one side of the plurality of battery cells (110) along the second direction (Z) and is used to form the immersion cavity (210); the first plate (220) has a first cavity (221) and a first outlet (222), the first outlet (222) being connected to the first cavity (221) and the immersion cavity (210) respectively; the orthographic projection of the plurality of battery cells (110) along the second direction (Z) on the first plate (220) is located within the first outlet (222); A second plate (230) is disposed on the side of the plurality of battery cells (110) away from the first plate (220) along the second direction (Z), and is used to form the immersion cavity (210); the second plate (230) has a second cavity (231) and a second inlet (232), the second inlet (232) communicating with the second cavity (231) and the immersion cavity (210) respectively; the orthographic projection of the plurality of battery cells (110) along the second direction (Z) on the second plate (230) is located in the second inlet (232); The first direction (X) and the second direction (Z) intersect.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing (200) further includes a plurality of support members (240) arranged along a third direction (Y), at least two of the support members (240) being disposed between the second plate (230) and the plurality of battery cells (110), and respectively connected to the second plate (230) and the plurality of battery cells (110); the second inlet (232) is disposed between two adjacent support members (240); The battery cell (110) has a first pressure relief component (111) which is disposed toward the second inlet (232); The third direction (Y) intersects with the first direction (X) and the second direction (Z) respectively.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first plate (220) has a plurality of first outlets (222), which are spaced apart along the third direction (Y) and are all connected to the first cavity (221); The second plate (230) has a plurality of second inlets (232), which are spaced apart along the third direction (Y) and are all connected to the second cavity (231); a second inlet (232) is provided between two adjacent support members (240).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first plate (220) has a plurality of first cavities (221), which are spaced apart along a third direction (Y), and each first cavity (221) communicates with at least one first outlet (222); The second plate (230) has a plurality of second cavities (231), which are spaced apart along the third direction (Y), and each second inlet (232) communicates with one of the second cavities (231).

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of battery cells (110) are arranged along the first direction (X) to form a battery pack (100), the battery pack including a plurality of battery packs (100), the plurality of battery packs (100) being arranged along the third direction (Y); The portion of the orthographic projection of each battery pack (100) along the second direction (Z) onto the first plate (220) is located within at least one first outlet (222), and the portion of the orthographic projection of each battery cell (110) of each battery pack (100) along the second direction (Z) onto the second plate (230) is located within a second inlet (232).

6. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein, The first housing (200) also includes: A first current collector (250) is connected to the first plate (220). The first current collector (250) has a communicating third inlet (251) and a plurality of third outlets (252). Each of the third outlets (252) communicates with a first cavity (221). The third inlet (251) is located on the side of the first current collector (250) away from the first plate (220). A second current collector (260) is connected to the second plate (230). The second current collector (260) has a communicating fourth outlet (262) and a plurality of fourth inlets (261), each of the fourth inlets (261) communicating with a second cavity (231).

7. The battery pack of claim 6, wherein, The first housing (200) also includes: A frame (270) is disposed between the first plate (220) and the second plate (230) and is sealed to the first plate (220) and the second plate (230) respectively; along the first direction (X), the frame (270) is disposed on the same side of the first current collector (250) and the second current collector (260), and the frame (270) has an opening (271) disposed on the side of the frame (270) facing the first current collector (250) and the second current collector (260); A third plate (280) is disposed at the opening (271) and is sealed to the frame (270), the first plate (220) and the second plate (230) to form the immersion cavity (210); the third plate (280) is connected to the first collector (250) and the second collector (260) respectively; the third plate (280) has a communicating fifth inlet (281), a third cavity (282) and a fifth outlet (283), the fifth inlet (281) is communicating with the fourth outlet (262), and the fifth outlet (283) is disposed on the side of the third plate (280) away from the immersion cavity (210); along the second direction (Z), the fifth outlet (283) is disposed on the side of the fifth inlet (281) away from the second plate (230).

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third plate (280) also has a pressure relief hole (284), which is located on the side of the third plate (280) away from the immersion chamber (210); along the second direction (Z), the pressure relief hole (284) is located on the side of the fifth outlet (283) away from the fifth inlet (281); The first housing (200) also includes a second pressure relief component (290), which is disposed in the pressure relief hole (284) and is sealed to the third plate (280).

9. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The battery pack also includes a plurality of spacer components (400), each of the spacer components (400) being disposed between two adjacent battery cells (110) along the first direction (X) and connected to the two battery cells (110) respectively; The spacer assembly (400) includes: Two first spacers (410) are spaced apart along the third direction (Y) and are respectively connected to two adjacent battery cells (110); At least one second spacer (420) is disposed at intervals between two first spacers (410) along the third direction (Y) and is connected to two battery cells (110) respectively; the first spacers (410), the second spacers (420) and two adjacent battery cells (110) form an immersion channel (430), which is connected to the immersion cavity (210); Along the second direction (Z), the size of the first spacer (410) is larger than the size of the second spacer (420).

10. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack also includes a second housing (300) having a receiving cavity (310), in which the first housing (200) is disposed and connected to the second housing (300).

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