Battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery. The battery comprises a shell; a pole; one end of the pole is positioned in the shell; the insulation assembly comprises an insulation part and an insulation layer, the insulation part is located between the shell and the pole, and the insulation layer is located between the insulation part and the shell and / or the pole; wherein the melting point of the insulating part is less than or equal to a threshold temperature, the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than the threshold temperature, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 80-200 [mu] m. According to the battery provided by the invention, the technical problem of potential safety hazards caused by secondary short circuit of the battery and even possible ignition or explosion of the battery can be solved to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, cylindrical batteries use conventional plastic components for sealing and insulation. However, this method has a drawback: under abnormal operating conditions, the internal temperature can rise sharply to over 600°C, causing the plastic components to completely melt and evaporate. This results in the plastic components losing their insulating properties, leading to a secondary short circuit in the battery, and potentially even causing the battery to catch fire or explode, posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention provides a battery that can, to some extent, solve the technical problem of secondary short circuits in batteries.

[0004] An embodiment of this utility model provides a battery, the battery comprising:

[0005] case;

[0006] A terminal post; at least a portion of the terminal post is located within the housing; and

[0007] An insulating component includes an insulating element and an insulating layer, wherein the insulating element is located between the housing and the pole, and the insulating layer is located between the insulating element and the housing and / or the pole;

[0008] Wherein, the melting point of the insulating component is less than or equal to the threshold temperature, the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than the threshold temperature, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 80μm~200μm.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer is formed in the housing and / or the pole post.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the housing includes a first surface facing the pole post, the insulating layer is disposed on the housing, and in the stacking direction of the insulating layer and the housing, the outer contour of the insulating layer completely covers the outer contour of the first surface; and / or

[0011] The pole post includes a second surface facing the housing, and the insulating layer is disposed on the pole post. In the stacking direction of the insulating layer and the pole post, the outer contour of the insulating layer completely covers the outer contour of the second surface.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the battery further includes a seal that is sleeved on the terminal post;

[0013] The insulating component includes a first sub-insulating component and a second sub-insulating component, wherein the first sub-insulating component is connected to the second sub-insulating component;

[0014] The first sub-insulator is located between the pole and the housing, and the second sub-insulator is located between the seal and the housing.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer is located on the surface of the pole facing the first sub-insulator.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer is also located on the surface of the pole facing the seal.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer has a layered structure;

[0018] The insulating layer can be compressed when subjected to external force.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer includes metal oxides, metal salts, and silicates;

[0020] The metal oxide is one or more of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, and copper oxide;

[0021] The metal salt is one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, sodium carbonate, and calcium carbonate;

[0022] The silicate is one or more of sodium silicate, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, and kaolinite.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the content of the metal oxide is greater than or equal to the content of the silicate, and greater than the content of the metal salt.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the threshold temperature is 600°C; and / or the melting point of the insulating element is M, where M satisfies: 250°C ≤ M ≤ 350°C.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0026] In embodiments of this application, a battery is provided, comprising a casing, terminals, and an insulating assembly. One end of the terminals is located within the casing. The insulating assembly includes an insulating element and an insulating layer. The insulating element is located between the casing and the terminals, and the insulating layer is located between the insulating element and the casing or the terminals. The melting point of the insulating element is less than or equal to a threshold temperature, and the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than the threshold temperature. The thickness of the insulating layer is 80 μm to 200 μm. This application provides an insulating layer with a thickness of 80 μm to 200 μm and a melting point higher than that of the insulating element, located between the terminals and the insulating element or between the casing and the insulating element. When the internal temperature of the battery rises sharply to above the threshold temperature, the insulating element will completely melt and volatilize. Because the melting point of the insulating layer is higher than that of the insulating element, the insulating layer can still provide high-temperature resistance and insulation within a temperature range higher than the melting point of the insulating element but lower than the melting point of the insulating layer. When the battery is in abnormal operating conditions, the insulating layer is more difficult to be damaged and still has better insulation ability. This can solve the technical problem of secondary short circuits in the battery, which may even lead to battery fire or explosion and pose a safety hazard to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a partial exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the battery shown;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery provided in some embodiments of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery provided in some other embodiments of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery provided in some other embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 100. Battery; 10. Casing; 20. Terminal; 30. Insulating assembly; 31. Insulating component; 32. Insulating layer; 311. First sub-insulating component; 312. Second sub-insulating component; 3111. First insulating part; 3112. Second insulating part; 3113. Third insulating part; 3121. Fourth insulating part; 3122. Fifth insulating part; 40. Seal; 101. First surface; 201. Second surface. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a battery 100, which includes a housing 10, terminals 20, and an insulating assembly 30. At least a portion of the terminals 20 is located within the housing 10. The insulating assembly 30 includes an insulating element 31 and an insulating layer 32. The insulating element 31 is located between the housing 10 and the terminals 20, and the insulating layer 32 is located between the insulating element 31 and either the housing 10 or the terminals 20. The melting point of the insulating layer 32 is higher than that of the insulating element 31.

[0037] This application provides an insulating layer 32 with a melting point higher than that of the insulating component 31, located between the terminal post 20 and the insulating component 31, or between the housing 10 and the insulating component 31. When the internal temperature of the battery rises sharply to a threshold temperature, the insulating component 31 will completely melt and volatilize. Because the melting point of the insulating layer 32 is higher than that of the insulating component 31, the insulating layer 32 can still provide high-temperature resistance and insulation within a temperature range higher than that of the insulating component 31 but lower than that of the insulating layer 32. Under abnormal battery operating conditions, the insulating layer 32 is more difficult to damage and still possesses better insulation capabilities. This can, to some extent, solve the technical problem of secondary short circuits in the battery, which may even lead to battery fire or explosion, posing a safety hazard.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the melting point of the insulating element 31 is less than or equal to the threshold temperature, and the melting point of the insulating layer 32 is greater than the threshold temperature. When the internal temperature of the battery reaches the threshold temperature, the insulating element 31 begins to melt, while the insulating layer 32, having not yet reached its melting point, still provides excellent insulation.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the threshold temperature is 600°C, the melting point of the insulating element 31 is less than or equal to 600°C, and the melting point of the insulating layer 32 is higher than 600°C. Of course, in other embodiments, the threshold temperature is not limited to 600°C and can be other temperatures. The melting point of the insulating layer 32 is affected by its film thickness and material, and can be set according to the environment in which the battery is located. The melting point of the insulating layer 32 can be slightly higher or significantly higher than the threshold temperature.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the melting point of the insulating element is M, and the melting point of the insulating layer is N, wherein M and N satisfy: 250℃≤M≤350℃, N>600℃.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating element 31 is made of an insulating material to separate the electrode post 20 and the housing 10 to prevent them from contacting and short-circuiting. The material of the insulating element 31 can be plastic materials such as PFA plastic. Specifically, PFA plastic is fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, with a small amount of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether as a copolymer of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0042] In other embodiments, the insulating element 31 may also be made of other insulating and high-temperature resistant materials, such as ceramics.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 is formed on the housing 10 and / or the pole post 20. That is, the insulating layer 32 can be formed directly on the housing 10 or the pole post 20 by spraying and curing, or it can be attached to the housing 10 or the pole post 20 by an adhesive layer.

[0044] In this embodiment, the insulating layer 32 can be formed on the housing 10 and / or the pole 20 by spraying and curing. Thus, the insulating layer 32 can be connected to the housing 10 and / or the pole 20 without the need for an adhesive layer or the like. At high temperatures, due to its high-temperature resistance, the insulating layer 32 is less susceptible to the effects of external high-temperature environments and can easily detach from the housing 10 and / or the pole 20.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating member 31 includes a first sub-insulator 311 and a second sub-insulator 312, with the first sub-insulator 311 connected to the second sub-insulator 312. A receiving groove is provided between the first sub-insulator 311 and the second sub-insulator 312, and a portion of the housing 10 is located within the receiving groove. The side of the first sub-insulator 311 away from the housing 10 is connected to the pole post 20, and the side of the second sub-insulator 312 away from the housing 10 is connected to the sealing member 40 (see below).

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 100 further includes a seal 40, which is sleeved on the terminal post 20. The seal 40 seals the terminal post 20 and the insulating assembly 30.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the first sub-insulator 311 is located between the pole post 20 and the housing 10, and the second sub-insulator 312 is located between the seal 40 and the housing 10. That is, the second sub-insulator 312 is tightly connected to the seal 40.

[0048] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 is located on the surface of the housing 10 facing the first sub-insulator 311 and the second sub-insulator 312. That is, the insulating layer 32 is located within the receiving groove and is in contact with the first sub-insulator 311, the second sub-insulator 312, and the housing 10, respectively. Thus, when the insulating element 31 melts and evaporates, it can further ensure that the pole post 20 does not contact the housing 10.

[0049] Specifically, the first sub-insulator 311 has a first insulating portion 3111, a second insulating portion 3112, and a third insulating portion 3113. The first insulating portion 3111 is perpendicularly connected to the second insulating portion 3112, and the second insulating portion 3112 is perpendicularly connected to the third insulating portion 3113. The first insulating portion 3111, the second insulating portion 3112, and the third insulating portion 3113 are integrally formed. The first insulating portion 3111 and the third insulating portion 3113 extend radially along the housing 10, and the second insulating portion 3112 extends axially along the housing 10. A portion of the pole post 20 is located on the step formed by the first insulating portion 3111 and the second insulating portion 3112. The second sub-insulator 312 has a fourth insulating portion 3121 and a fifth insulating portion 3122, and the fourth insulating portion 3121 and the fifth insulating portion 3122 are perpendicularly connected. The fourth insulating portion 3121 and the fifth insulating portion 3122 are integrally formed. The fourth insulating portion 3121 extends radially along the housing 10, and the fifth insulating portion extends axially along the housing 10. The third insulating portion 3113 is connected to the fourth insulating portion 3121. The insulating layer 32 is located on the housing 10 and contacts the second insulating portion 3112, the third insulating portion 3113, the fourth insulating portion 3121, and the fifth insulating portion 3122.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 may also protrude from the second sub-insulator 312.

[0051] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 is disposed on the housing 10, and the housing 10 includes a first surface 101 facing the pole 20. In the stacking direction of the insulating layer 32 and the housing 10, the outer contour of the insulating layer 32 completely covers the outer contour of the first surface 101. Here, "completely covered" means that the opposing surfaces between the housing 10 and the pole 20 are all covered by the insulating layer 32. Even after the insulating element 31 is melted, the positions where the housing 10 and the pole 20 may come into contact are still protected by the insulating layer 32, thus completely isolating the pole 20 from the housing 10. In the stacking direction of the housing 10 and the insulating layer 32, the projection of the first surface 101 onto the insulating layer 32 completely falls within the outer contour of the insulating layer 32.

[0052] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5In other embodiments, the insulating layer 32 is disposed on the pole post 20, and the pole post 20 includes a second surface 201 facing the housing 10. In the stacking direction of the insulating layer 32 and the pole post 20, the outer contour of the insulating layer 32 completely covers the outer contour of the second surface 201. That is, in the stacking direction of the pole post 20 and the insulating layer 32, the projection of the second surface 201 onto the insulating layer 32 completely falls within the outer contour of the insulating layer 32.

[0053] In other embodiments, the insulating layer 32 is disposed on both the housing 10 and the pole post 20. In the stacking direction of the insulating layer 32 and the pole post 20 or the housing 10, there are two insulating layers 32, and the outer contour of the insulating layer 32 completely covers the outer contour of the corresponding first surface 101 or second surface 201.

[0054] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 is located on the surface of the pole 20 facing the first sub-insulator 311 and is connected to the sealing member 40. Thus, when the insulating member 31 melts and evaporates, it can be ensured that the pole 20 and the housing 10 do not come into contact.

[0055] Specifically, the insulating layer 32 contacts the surfaces of the second insulating portion 3112 and the third insulating portion 3113 away from the housing 10, and is connected to the sealing member 40.

[0056] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 is located on the surface of the pole 20 facing the first sub-insulator 311, and also on the portion of the pole 20 facing the seal 40. Specifically, the insulating layer 32 contacts the surfaces of the second insulating portion 3112 and the third insulating portion 3113 away from the housing 10, and is located on the portion of the pole 20 facing the seal 40, with the portion of the insulating layer 32 facing the seal 40 parallel to the axial direction of the housing 10. Thus, when the insulating component 31 melts and evaporates, it can further ensure that the pole 20 and the housing 10 do not come into contact.

[0057] In other embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 may also be formed directly on the surface of the insulating member 31. However, in this case, when the battery is under abnormal operating conditions, the insulating member 31 may melt, and the insulating layer 32 may lose its attachment and shift its position, thereby losing its insulating function. Therefore, when the insulating layer 32 is formed on the insulating member 31, it can completely cover the insulating member 31, that is, a high-temperature resistant coating with a higher melting point is formed on the surface of the insulating member 31 to prevent the insulating member 31 from being damaged and losing its insulating function.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the insulating layer 32 is 80 μm to 200 μm. If the thickness of the insulating layer 32 is less than 80 μm, there is a higher risk of damage to the insulating layer 32 during abnormal battery operation, and the battery still has the risk of secondary short circuit. If the thickness of the insulating layer 32 is greater than 200 μm, the excessive thickness of the insulating layer 32 may affect the size of the opening of the receiving terminal 20 in the battery casing 10. Furthermore, if the thickness of the insulating layer 32 is too large, the curing effect will be poor, which may affect the high-temperature resistance and insulation performance of the insulating layer 32.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 has a layered structure. The insulating layer 32 can be a single layer or multiple layers. The thickness of the insulating layer 32 can be determined according to the actual required thickness.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 can be compressed when subjected to external force. Thus, the presence of the insulating layer 32 does not affect the original sealing performance of the battery 100.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the housing 10, the pole post 20, the insulating component 30, and the sealing element 40 are joined together by riveting.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, both the housing 10 and the pole post 20 are made of metal, such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, and their alloys.

[0063] The battery 100 further includes a core pack (not shown), which is disposed within the housing 10. The core pack is provided with a first tab (not shown) and a second tab (not shown), the first tab being clamped onto the housing 10, and the second tab being connected to the terminal post 20.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the pole post 20 and the second pole tab are welded together, and the specific welding methods include, but are not limited to, ultrasonic welding, resistance welding and laser welding.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, the core package further includes at least one set of positive electrode plates (not shown), separators (not shown), and negative electrode plates (not shown) stacked sequentially, with one of the first tab and the second tab connected to the positive electrode plate and the other connected to the negative electrode plate.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer 32 comprises a cured inorganic polymer.

[0067] By weight percentage, the inorganic polymer prior to curing comprises the following components:

[0068] Metal oxides: 40%wt~60%wt;

[0069] Metal salts: 10%wt~25%wt;

[0070] Silicates: 15%wt~40%wt; and

[0071] Solvent: 10%wt~30%wt.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the metal oxide is one or more of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, etc.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the metal salt is one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the silicate is one or more of sodium silicate, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, kaolinite, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the solvent is water. In other embodiments, the solvent is not limited to water and may be other solvents.

[0076] In some embodiments of this application, the construction process for the inorganic polymer forming the insulating layer 32 is spraying and curing. The spraying is performed on a conventional automated spraying line, and the curing method is high-temperature curing, with a curing temperature between 60°C and 150°C and a curing time between 20 minutes and 90 minutes.

[0077] The following specific embodiments and comparative examples will demonstrate to some extent that the insulating layer 32 of this invention can solve the technical problem of secondary short circuits in batteries to a certain extent.

[0078] Example 1:

[0079] Metal oxides: 20%wt aluminum oxide, 15%wt titanium oxide, 10%wt iron oxide;

[0080] Metal salts: 8%wt ferric chloride, 10%wt calcium chloride, 2%wt calcium carbonate;

[0081] Silicates: Sodium silicate 10%wt, calcium silicate 3%wt, aluminum silicate 7%wt;

[0082] Solvent: 15% wt water;

[0083] Construction process: Metal oxides, metal salts, silicates, and solvents are mixed according to the composition ratio and mechanically stirred evenly to obtain an inorganic polymer; the inorganic polymer is sprayed onto the steel shell (shell) using an automatic spraying production line to obtain an inorganic polymer coating. The thickness of the inorganic polymer coating is set to 100μm. After spraying, the steel shell (shell) is placed in a tunnel oven for high-temperature curing. The curing temperature is set to 80℃ and the curing time is 60min. After curing, a steel shell (shell) with a high-temperature resistant insulating layer 32 is obtained.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] Metal oxides: 40%wt aluminum oxide, 10%wt titanium oxide;

[0086] Metal salts: ferric chloride 5%wt, aluminum chloride 5%wt, sodium carbonate 3%wt;

[0087] Silicates: Sodium silicate 15%wt, calcium silicate 2%wt, aluminum silicate 8%wt;

[0088] Solvent: 12% wt water;

[0089] Construction process: According to Example 1, metal oxide, metal salt, silicate, and solvent are mixed in the composition ratio and stirred evenly to obtain an inorganic polymer; the inorganic polymer is sprayed onto the steel shell (shell) using an automatic spraying production line to obtain an inorganic polymer coating. The thickness of the inorganic polymer coating is set to 150 μm. After spraying, it is cured at high temperature. The curing temperature is set to 120℃ and the curing time is 40 min. After curing, a steel shell (shell) with a high-temperature resistant insulating layer 32 is obtained.

[0090] The steel shell (casing) with high-temperature resistant insulation layer 32 obtained in Examples 1 and 2 was used to make a battery. The battery was then subjected to a nail penetration test together with a battery without insulation layer 32 to check whether a secondary short circuit occurred. If no secondary short circuit occurred, the battery was considered qualified, and the number of qualified batteries was recorded.

[0091] Test results:

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from the above, by providing an insulating layer with a melting point higher than that of the insulating component between the terminal and the insulating component, or between the casing and the insulating component, the pass rate of the battery during the nail penetration test is 100%, which is significantly better than that of batteries without the insulating layer. In other words, by providing an insulating layer with a melting point higher than that of the insulating component between the terminal and the insulating component, or between the casing and the insulating component, the insulating layer is more difficult to damage under abnormal battery operating conditions and still possesses better insulation capabilities. This can, to a certain extent, solve the technical problem of secondary short circuits in the battery, which may even lead to battery fire or explosion, posing a safety hazard.

[0094] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized by, include: case; pole; At least a portion of the pole post is located within the housing; and An insulating component includes an insulating element and an insulating layer, wherein the insulating element is located between the housing and the pole, and the insulating layer is located between the insulating element and the housing and / or the pole; Wherein, the melting point of the insulating component is less than or equal to the threshold temperature, and the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than the threshold temperature; the thickness of the insulating layer is 80μm~200μm.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The insulating layer is formed on the housing or the pole.

3. The battery of claim 2, wherein The housing includes a first surface facing the pole post, and the insulating layer is disposed on the housing. In the stacking direction of the housing and the insulating layer, the projection of the first surface onto the insulating layer falls completely within the outer contour of the insulating layer. and / or The pole post includes a second surface facing the housing, and the insulating layer is disposed on the pole post. In the stacking direction of the pole post and the insulating layer, the projection of the second surface onto the insulating layer falls completely within the outer contour of the insulating layer.

4. The battery of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a sealing element, which is sleeved on the pole post; The insulating component includes a first sub-insulating component and a second sub-insulating component, wherein the first sub-insulating component is connected to the second sub-insulating component; The first sub-insulator is located between the pole and the housing, and the second sub-insulator is located between the seal and the housing.

5. The battery of claim 4, wherein, The insulating layer is located on the surface of the pole facing the first sub-insulator.

6. The battery of claim 5, wherein, The insulating layer is also located on the surface of the pole facing the seal.

7. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The insulating layer has a layered structure; The insulating layer can be compressed when subjected to external force.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The threshold temperature is 600℃; and / or The melting point of the insulating component is M, and M satisfies: 250℃≤M≤350℃.

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