Self-adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head

Abstract

A belt conveyor head capable of self-adaptively cleaning dust comprises a rack, a shell, a belt and a reversing roller, wherein the shell, the belt and the reversing roller are connected to the rack. The bottom surface of the shell is provided with a discharge port, the reversing roller is rotatably connected in the shell, and the dust removal device is characterized by further comprising a follow-up dust removal mechanism arranged in the shell; with the material advancing direction as the front, the follow-up ash removal mechanism is arranged behind the reversing roller; the follow-up ash removal mechanism comprises a brush roller and a belt supporting roller which are parallel to each other; the belt supporting roller is rotationally connected to the rack and located in front of the brush roller. The bearing surface of the return belt extending out of the bottom end of the reversing roller sequentially passes through the top ends of the belt supporting roller and the brush roller; in a normal state, the distances between the top ends of the belt supporting roller and the brush roller and the bottom surface of the go belt are the same; the belt supporting roller is cylindrical, and short fluff is attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the belt supporting roller; the brush roller is formed by densely covering brush wires outside a brush wire attachment pipe; the brush wire attachment pipe is connected to the rack through a rotating shaft and a bearing device; and the outer ends of all the brush wires have the same distance with the rotating axis of the brush roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of conveyor machinery technology, specifically a belt conveyor head with self-adaptive dust isolation and cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, belt conveyors are widely used in grain storage and transportation. Because grain itself produces a significant amount of starchy dust, combined with dust from the production site, this dust adheres to the belt's bearing surface when the air humidity is suitable. In particular, to increase conveying friction, some conveyor belts have a rough, "frosted" surface on their bearing surfaces, further exacerbating dust adhesion.

[0003] Currently, scrapers are commonly used at the head of belt conveyors to remove adhering substances from the belt surface, as illustrated by Chinese patent CN217101616U, "Belt Conveyor Head for Continuous Cleaning of Belts." However, in engineering practice, this cleaning method has several problems: Firstly, the scraper must apply pressure to the belt's bearing surface to achieve good results. This negatively impacts the belt surface, causing wear, especially when the scraper has concave notches or hard objects like pebbles adhere to it, resulting in elongated, linear protrusions or concave lines on the bearing surface. Secondly, on rough bearing surfaces, where tiny pits are filled with dust, using a scraper is counterproductive. The scraper smooths the surface (similar to applying putty when painting a wall), disrupting the friction of the rough surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model proposes an adaptive dust removal conveyor head. This head employs a passive, low-wear dust removal mechanism that passively cleans dust as the conveyor belt moves. Furthermore, this dust removal mechanism is linked to a traditional scraper. When the dust accumulation is thick enough that the passive dust removal mechanism is insufficient to meet the required cleaning effect, the scraper participates in the dust removal process. When the dust accumulation is thin, the scraper withdraws from the dust removal process.

[0005] The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head of this utility model includes a frame and a housing, belt and reversing roller connected to the frame; the bottom surface of the housing has a discharge port, and the reversing roller is rotatably connected inside the housing and above the discharge port.

[0006] It also includes a follow-up cleaning mechanism installed inside the housing; with the material forward direction as the front, the follow-up cleaning mechanism is behind the reversing roller and on the belt return path;

[0007] The follow-up dust removal mechanism includes parallel brush rollers and support rollers; the support rollers are rotatably connected inside the housing and are located in front of the brush rollers.

[0008] The bearing surface of the return belt exiting from the bottom of the reversing roller passes sequentially over the top of the support roller and the brush roller; under normal conditions, the top of the support roller and the brush roller are equidistant from the bottom surface of the outgoing belt.

[0009] The belt roller is cylindrical in shape, and short fibers are attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the belt roller to prevent dust from filling the tiny pits on the rough bearing surface of the belt due to the smooth side wall.

[0010] The brush roller is composed of brush bristles (made of silicon carbide) densely arranged outside the bristle attachment tube; the bristle attachment tube is connected to the frame through a rotating shaft and bearing device; the outer ends of all the bristles are at the same distance from the rotation axis of the brush roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the bearing assembly is connected to the frame via an elastic telescopic connection mechanism. This mechanism allows the bearing assembly to move closer to or further away from the outgoing belt. One function of this structure is to prevent excessive dust or foreign matter from adhering to the belt, which could damage the brush roller and the belt.

[0012] Furthermore, a rotational damping adjustment device is connected between the bearing assembly and the rotating shaft of the brush attachment tube. The main function of this structure is to adjust the follow-up threshold of the brush roller, preventing the brush roller from rotating too fast and losing its dust removal function, or rotating too slowly and causing the brush bristles to damage the belt.

[0013] As an improvement, a scraper cleaning mechanism is also included; the scraper of the scraper cleaning mechanism is connected to the frame through a lifting device (such as an electromagnetic push rod, an electric push rod, a pneumatic push rod, etc.); the end face of the scraper is parallel to the surface of the reversing roller.

[0014] A distance sensor (such as a proximity switch) is connected between the bearing assembly and the frame, and the distance sensor is linked to the lifting device.

[0015] When the dust adhesion on the return conveyor belt exceeds the cleaning capacity of the brush roller, and the dust layer thickens, the brush roller will press down, moving the bearing device away from the outgoing conveyor belt and triggering the distance sensor. The distance sensor's output signal then triggers a relay, which in turn activates the lifting device to raise the scraper. The scraper's end face approaches the surface of the reversing roller and adheres to the belt's bearing surface on the reversing roller to perform dust scraping. When the dust layer thickness on the bearing surface decreases, the brush roller lifts up, the distance sensor resets, and the scraper falls back down.

[0016] Furthermore, the scraper cleaning mechanism has two scrapers: the end face of the first scraper is located in front of the reversing roller; the end face of the second scraper is located on the lower rear side of the reversing roller, corresponding to the position where the return belt leaves the reversing roller. The two scrapers scrape the ash from different angles. The first scraper removes most of the ash layer, and the second scraper further removes the ash layer for better cleaning.

[0017] Furthermore, an elastic element (such as a compression spring or air spring) connects the scraper to the lifting device, and the extension and retraction direction of the elastic element is consistent with the lifting direction of the lifting device. This structure is mainly to prevent abnormal damage to the belt by the scraper.

[0018] The short bristles of the belt support roller and the brush roller can prevent damage to the belt's bearing surface, making them especially suitable for belts with rough bearing surfaces. The rotational power of the brush roller comes from the belt, which reduces wear on the belt and increases its service life.

[0019] For stubborn dust that is difficult to remove with brush rollers, a scraper-type forced cleaning method can be used in a timely manner. After forced cleaning is completed, the scraper is withdrawn from operation. This increases the service life of the belt and also provides a better cleaning effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top-view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell (without belts);

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bearing assembly and the frame;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle connecting the distance sensor and the lifting device;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Housing; 3. Belt; 4. Reversing roller; 5. Discharge port; 6. Brush roller; 7. Support roller; 8. Bearing assembly; 9. Vertical bolt; 10. Disc spring; 11. Clamp; 12. Shaft of brush attachment tube; 13. Friction plate; 14. Fastening screw; 15. Proximity switch; 16. First scraper; 17. Second scraper; 18. Electromagnetic push rod; 19. Spring; 20. Relay. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrates this case:

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head includes a frame 1 and a housing 2, a belt 3 and a reversing roller 4 connected to the frame; the bottom surface of the housing has a discharge port 5, and the reversing roller 4 is rotatably connected inside the housing and above the discharge port 5.

[0028] In this utility model, a follow-up dust removal mechanism is also installed inside the housing; with the material forward direction as the front, the follow-up dust removal mechanism is behind the reversing roller and on the belt return path.

[0029] The follow-up dust removal mechanism includes parallel brush rollers 6 and support rollers 7; the support rollers are rotatably connected to the frame 1 and are located in front of the brush rollers 6.

[0030] The bearing surface of the return belt exiting from the bottom of the reversing roller 4 passes sequentially over the top of the support roller 7 and the brush roller 6; under normal conditions, the top of the support roller and the brush roller are equidistant from the bottom surface of the outgoing belt.

[0031] The support roller is cylindrical in shape, and short fibers are attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the support roller.

[0032] The brush roller is composed of brush bristles densely arranged outside the brush bristle attachment tube; the brush bristle attachment tube is connected to the frame 1 through a rotating shaft and bearing device 8; the outer ends of all the brush bristles are at the same distance from the rotation axis of the brush roller.

[0033] The bearing assembly 8 is connected to the frame 1 via an elastic telescopic connection mechanism. Under the action of the elastic telescopic connection mechanism, the bearing assembly moves closer to or further away from the outgoing belt. A rotation damping adjustment device is connected between the bearing assembly 8 and the rotating shaft 12 of the brush attachment tube.

[0034] refer to Figure 3 In this example, the implementation structure is as follows: the bearing assembly 8 is connected to the frame 1 by horizontal and vertical bolts. A disc spring 10 is fitted onto the vertical bolt 9 between the bearing assembly and the frame. Because the elastic telescopic connection mechanism bears a large load in the vertical direction, the disc spring provides support. The four sets of horizontal bolts between the bearing assembly and the frame have vertically oriented slotted holes on the frame, allowing the bearing assembly to move longitudinally relative to the frame. The horizontal bolts limit the longitudinal movement of the bearing assembly and also limit its downward displacement, thus protecting the bearing assembly and the brush roller.

[0035] The rotational damping adjustment device uses a clamp 11, the clamp body is connected to the bearing device 8, the end of the rotating shaft 12 of the brush attachment tube is inside the clamp 11, and there is a friction plate 13 between the clamp and the rotating shaft. The damping between the friction plate and the rotating shaft is adjusted by tightening or loosening the fastening screws at both ends of the clamp.

[0036] refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, a scraper cleaning mechanism is also included; the scraper of the scraper cleaning mechanism is connected to the frame through a lifting device; the end face of the scraper is parallel to the surface of the reversing roller 4; a distance sensor (proximity switch 15) is connected between the bearing device 8 and the frame 1, and the distance sensor is linked to the lifting device.

[0037] The scraper cleaning mechanism has two scrapers: the end face of the first scraper 16 is located in front of the reversing roller; the end face of the second scraper 17 is located on the lower rear side of the reversing roller, corresponding to the position where the return belt leaves the reversing roller. An elastic body connects the scraper and the lifting device, and the extension and contraction direction of the elastic body is consistent with the lifting direction of the lifting device.

[0038] See again Figure 5 In this example, the implementation structure is as follows (taking the second scraper as an example): the lifting device adopts an electromagnetic push rod 18 (push-pull electromagnet), the elastic body between the scraper (second scraper 17) and the lifting device adopts a spring 19, and the distance sensor is a proximity switch 15. The electrical principle between them is as follows: after the proximity switch 15 is triggered, the relay 20 connected to it is energized, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic push rod 18 is energized, and the magnetic field attracts the iron core, thereby pushing the push rod so that the scraper connected to it reaches the working position.

Claims

1. An adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head, comprising a frame and a housing, a belt, and a reversing roller connected to the frame; the bottom surface of the housing has a discharge port, and the reversing roller is rotatably connected inside the housing and above the discharge port, characterized in that... It also includes a follow-up cleaning mechanism installed inside the housing; with the material forward direction as the front, the follow-up cleaning mechanism is behind the reversing roller and on the belt return path; The follow-up dust removal mechanism includes parallel brush rollers and support rollers; the support rollers are rotatably connected to the frame and are located in front of the brush rollers. The bearing surface of the return belt exiting from the bottom of the reversing roller passes sequentially over the top of the support roller and the brush roller; under normal conditions, the top of the support roller and the brush roller are equidistant from the bottom surface of the outgoing belt. The support roller is cylindrical in shape, and short fibers are attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the support roller. The brush roller is composed of brush bristles densely arranged on the outside of a bristle attachment tube; the bristle attachment tube is connected to the frame via a rotating shaft and bearing device; the outer ends of all the bristles are equidistant from the axis of rotation of the brush roller.

2. The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing assembly is connected to the frame via an elastic telescopic connection mechanism. Under the action of the elastic telescopic connection mechanism, the bearing assembly moves closer to or further away from the outgoing belt.

3. The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotational damping adjustment device is connected between the bearing assembly and the rotating shaft of the brush attachment tube.

4. The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper cleaning mechanism; the scraper of the scraper cleaning mechanism is connected to the frame through a lifting device; the end face of the scraper is parallel to the surface of the reversing roller; A distance sensor is connected between the bearing assembly and the frame, and the distance sensor is linked to the lifting device.

5. The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head according to claim 4, characterized in that the scraper dust removal mechanism has two scrapers, wherein: The end face of the first scraper is located in front of the reversing roller; The end face of the second scraper is located on the lower rear side of the reversing roller, and corresponds to the position where the return belt leaves the reversing roller.

6. The adaptive dust removal belt conveyor head according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic body connects the scraper and the lifting device, and the extension and contraction direction of the elastic body is consistent with the lifting and lowering direction of the lifting device.

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