Safety protection device for construction reserved plane hole

Abstract

A safety protection device for a construction reserved plane hole belongs to the technical field of construction protection and comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate is slidably connected above at least one end of the first cover plate, a rack is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the second cover plate, a sliding limiting groove is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the first cover plate, and the rack is inserted into the sliding limiting groove; a gear and a pawl are rotationally arranged on the lower surface of the first cover plate, the gear is meshed with the rack, a ratchet wheel is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the gear, and the ratchet wheel is used for being matched with the pawl to limit the rack to automatically retract into the sliding limiting groove, so that after the second cover plate is stretched in place, the second cover plate cannot automatically retract through matching of the pawl and the ratchet wheel; and the use safety of the hole safety protection device is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of construction protection technology, and in particular to a safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings in construction. Background Technology

[0002] Pre-reserved planar openings during construction refer to holes pre-reserved in planar surfaces such as floor slabs, roofs, or platforms to meet the needs of subsequent equipment installation, pipeline laying, and personnel passage during the construction process. In the construction process, pre-reserved planar openings are often protected by formwork and timber.

[0003] Existing methods using templates or timber as protective covers suffer from poor safety due to water damage or impacts during protection, and the fixed dimensions of templates and timber limit their applicability. To improve the overall adaptability of protective covers, adjustable-length opening protection devices have emerged. These devices feature sliding guard plates with meshing gears and racks on each plate. The racks drive the guard plates, thus changing the overall length of the opening protection device to meet the needs of openings of different sizes.

[0004] However, existing gear and rack driven opening protection devices lack a locking structure between the gears and racks. When workers or equipment pass over the opening protection device, vibrations occur. These vibrations can easily cause the gears to reverse around their shafts, resulting in the guard plate automatically retracting. This prevents the opening protection device from completely covering the opening, leading to poor stability and safety during use. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problem in the existing gear and rack driven opening protection devices mentioned above, where vibration easily causes the gears to reverse around the axis, resulting in automatic retraction of the guard plate and poor stability and safety, this utility model provides a safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] This utility model provides a safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction, including a first cover plate, a second cover plate slidably connected to the top of at least one end of the first cover plate, a rack fixedly installed at the bottom of the second cover plate, and a sliding limiting groove fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first cover plate, with the rack inserted into the sliding limiting groove. A gear and a pawl are rotatably provided on the lower surface of the first cover plate, the gear meshing with the rack, and a ratchet is coaxially fixed on the gear. The ratchet works with the pawl to restrict the rack from automatically retracting into the sliding limiting groove. When the second cover plate is pulled, the rack is pulled outward from the sliding limiting groove, the gear rotates as the rack is pulled out, and the ratchet rotates with the gear. During the rotation of the ratchet, the pawl is lifted, so that the pawl does not restrict the rotation of the ratchet during the pulling out of the second cover plate. Furthermore, after the second cover plate is fully extended, the tip of the pawl can be embedded in the groove of the ratchet, preventing the second cover plate from automatically retracting after being fully extended. This effectively avoids the problem of automatic gear rotation caused by vibration, improving the safety of the opening protection device.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the second cover plate, one end of the rack is fixedly connected to the limiting plate, and the other end of the rack is slidably inserted into the sliding limiting groove. The setting of the limiting plate enables the rack to be fixedly connected to the second cover plate while also being slidably connected to the sliding limiting groove, without hindering the sliding of the second cover plate.

[0009] Preferably, the length of the limiting plate is the same as the width of the second cover plate, the limiting plate is perpendicular to the second cover plate, and the limiting plate can be used to contact the side of the opening to play a limiting and supporting role.

[0010] Preferably, there is a gap between the limiting plate and one end of the adjacent second cover plate, so that the lower surface of the second cover plate can contact the floor slab or ground near the opening, thereby improving the support stability.

[0011] Preferably, two first mounting shafts are fixedly provided on the lower surface of the first cover plate, and the pawl and gear are respectively rotatably mounted on the two first mounting shafts. The first mounting shafts facilitate the installation of the pawl and gear and limit their positions.

[0012] Preferably, a second mounting shaft is fixedly provided on the tip of the pawl and the lower surface of the first cover plate, and a spring is installed between the two second mounting shafts. The spring is used to pull the pawl towards the ratchet to ensure the automatic engagement of the pawl and the ratchet, thereby limiting the automatic reverse rotation of the gear, preventing the retraction of the second cover plate, and improving the safety performance of the protective device during use.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding limiting groove is a square steel tube structure, which facilitates the limiting of the rack. When used in conjunction with the limiting plate, it can effectively limit the position of both ends of the rack, thereby limiting the position of the second cover plate and preventing the second cover plate from tilting up during use.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding limiting groove is provided with a clearance opening on the side near the gear. The gear meshes with the rack in the sliding limiting groove through the clearance opening, which ensures the rack is limited while avoiding obstruction to the meshing of the gear and rack.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. A ratchet and pawl structure is provided. When the second cover plate is pulled, the rack is pulled outward from the sliding limit groove, and the gear rotates as the rack is pulled out. At the same time, the ratchet rotates with the gear. During the rotation of the ratchet, the pawl is lifted up, so that the pawl does not restrict the rotation of the ratchet during the pulling out of the second cover plate. At the same time, under the pull of the spring, the tip of the pawl is continuously inserted into the slot of the ratchet, which also prevents the second cover plate from automatically retracting after being stretched into place. This effectively avoids the problem of automatic rotation of the gear caused by vibration and improves the safety of the opening safety protection device.

[0017] 2. The sliding limiting groove is a square steel tube structure. One end of the rack is fixedly connected to the limiting plate, and the other end of the rack is inserted and slidably set in the sliding limiting groove. The sliding limiting groove, together with the limiting plate, can effectively limit the position of both ends of the rack, thereby limiting the position of the second cover plate and preventing the second cover plate from tilting up during use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a bottom view structural diagram of the safety protection device for construction reserved planar openings according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the safety protection device for construction reserved planar openings according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the safety protection device for construction reserved planar openings according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the safety protection device for construction reserved planar openings according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0024] 1. First cover plate; 2. Gear; 3. First mounting shaft; 4. Second mounting shaft; 5. Pawl; 6. Second cover plate; 7. Rack; 8. Limiting plate; 9. Spring; 10. Sliding limiting groove; 11. Ratchet; 12. Clearance opening. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] In a typical embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, a safety protection device for a pre-reserved planar opening during construction is proposed, comprising: a first cover plate 1, a gear 2, a pawl 5, a second cover plate 6, a rack 7, and a sliding limiting groove 10. The first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 6 slide relative to each other. In this embodiment, the second cover plate 6 is provided and slidably positioned above one end of the first cover plate 1. The rack 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second cover plate 6. The gear 2 is rotatably positioned on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1. A sliding limiting groove 10 is also welded and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1. The sliding limiting groove 10 extends along the first cover plate 1... Extending along its length, the rack 7 is a straight rack. The rack 7 is slidably disposed in the sliding limiting groove 10 and meshes with the gear 2. When the second cover plate 6 is pulled outward, the rack 7 slides outward along the sliding limiting groove 10. The pawl 5 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1 and close to the gear 2. The gear 2 is coaxially fixed with a ratchet 11. The pawl 5 cooperates with the ratchet 11. The cooperation between the pawl 5 and the ratchet 11 is used to limit the automatic rotation of the gear 2 around the axis to prevent the second cover plate 6 from automatically retracting, thereby improving the stability and safety of the opening safety protection device during use.

[0028] In this embodiment, both the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 6 are made of metal, such as steel plates, to improve the overall strength, support stability, corrosion resistance, and collision resistance of the safety protection device.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, a limiting plate 8 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the second cover plate 6. The length of the limiting plate 8 is the same as the width of the second cover plate 6, and the surface of the limiting plate 8 is perpendicular to the surface of the second cover plate 6. The limiting plate 8 is located on the lower surface of the second cover plate 6 away from the first cover plate 1. One end of the rack 7 is fixedly installed on the limiting plate 8 by welding, and the other end of the rack 7 is inserted and slidably disposed in the sliding limiting groove 10. The limiting plate 8 serves to support the rack 7 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is used to contact the side of the opening to provide limiting support.

[0030] There is a gap between the limiting plate 8 and one end of the adjacent second cover plate 6, that is, the limiting plate 8 and one end of the adjacent second cover plate 6 are not in the same vertical plane. During use, the lower surface of the second cover plate 6 contacts the floor slab / ground near the opening, while the limiting plate 8 contacts the side of the opening. In addition, the sliding limiting groove 10 limits the end of the rack 7 away from the limiting plate 8, thereby preventing the second cover plate 6 from tilting up under force during use.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, two first mounting shafts 3 are welded and fixed on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1. The first mounting shafts 3 are arranged vertically. A gear 2 is rotatably mounted on one first mounting shaft 3, and a pawl 5 is rotatably mounted on the other first mounting shaft 3. One side of the gear 2 meshes with the rack 7. A ratchet 11 is coaxially fixed on the gear 2. The ratchet 11 is used to cooperate with the pawl 5. The pawl 5 can be inserted into the ratchet 11 to limit the automatic reverse rotation of the gear 2.

[0032] To ensure that the pawl 5 can be automatically inserted into the slot of the ratchet 11, a spring 9 is also provided. Specifically, a second mounting shaft 4 is welded and fixed to the tip of the pawl 5, close to the gear 2; a second mounting shaft 4 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the first cover plate 1. The two ends of the spring 9 are respectively connected to the two second mounting shafts 4, so that the end of the pawl 5 away from the first mounting shaft 3 (i.e., the tip of the pawl 5) can be pulled towards the ratchet 11 by the spring 9, so that the free end of the pawl 5 is automatically inserted into the slot of the ratchet 11, thereby restricting the free reverse rotation of the gear 2, and thus restricting the automatic retraction of the second cover plate 7.

[0033] The sliding limiting groove 10 is a square steel tube structure with a rectangular cross-section. The rack 7 also has a rectangular cross-section. The sliding limiting groove 10 is used for the insertion of the rack 7 to limit the position of the rack 7 and prevent the second cover plate 6 from tilting outward. The gear 2 is located on one side of the sliding limiting groove 10, and the sliding limiting groove 10 is provided with a clearance opening 12 on the side of the gear 2. The gear 2 can mesh with the rack in the sliding limiting groove 10 through the clearance opening 12.

[0034] The opening safety protection device in this embodiment is suitable for construction reserved plane openings with a width of less than 1500mm. In order to facilitate the pulling of the second cover plate 6, a handle can also be welded and fixed on the upper surface of the second cover plate 6. The setting position, size and shape of the handle can be determined according to the actual design requirements, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0035] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0036] The safety protection device for the opening is moved to the construction protection opening. According to the width of the opening, the second cover plate 6 is pulled until the extension length of the second cover plate 6 meets the requirements of the opening coverage. When the second cover plate 6 is pulled, the rack 7 is pulled out from the sliding limit groove 10. The gear 2 rotates as the rack 7 is pulled out, and at the same time, the ratchet 11 rotates with the gear 2. During the rotation of the ratchet 11, the pawl 5 is lifted up. At the same time, under the pull of the spring 9, the tip of the pawl 5 is continuously inserted into the slot of the ratchet 11, which also prevents the second cover plate 6 from automatically retracting after being stretched into place. The opening safety protection device with the adjusted size is placed on the opening along the width direction of the opening. According to the length of the opening, the number of devices to be selected is determined. Following the cover plate installation process, the device is used to completely cover the opening.

[0037] When it is necessary to remove the opening protection, pull it back from the opening along the opening safety protection device, then pinch the pawl 5 with your hand to separate the pawl 5 from the ratchet 11, manually push the second cover plate 6 to retract into place, and then release your hand to allow the pawl 5 to re-engage with the ratchet 11 to complete the retraction work.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the pawl 5 and the ratchet 11 can effectively prevent the gear 2 from rotating due to vibration during the use of the opening safety protection device, prevent the second cover plate 6 from automatically retracting, and improve the safety of the opening safety protection device.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] In another typical embodiment of this utility model, a safety protection device for a pre-reserved planar opening during construction is proposed, comprising: a first cover plate 1, a gear 2, a pawl 5, a second cover plate 6, a rack 7, and a sliding limiting groove 10. The first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 6 slide relative to each other. In this embodiment, two second cover plates 6 are provided, slidably disposed above both ends of the first cover plate 1. The rack 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding second cover plate 6. Two gears 2 are provided, rotatably disposed on the lower surfaces of both ends of the first cover plate 1. The sliding limiting groove 10 is also welded and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1. 0. The sliding limiting groove 10 extends along the length of the first cover plate 1. The rack 7 is a straight rack. The rack 7 is slidably disposed in the sliding limiting groove 10 and meshes with the gear 2. When the second cover plate 6 is pulled outward, the rack 7 slides outward along the sliding limiting groove 10. The pawl 5 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the first cover plate 1 and close to the gear 2. The gear 2 is coaxially fixed with a ratchet 11. The pawl 5 cooperates with the ratchet 11. The cooperation between the pawl 5 and the ratchet 11 is used to limit the automatic rotation of the gear 2 around the axis to prevent the second cover plate 6 from automatically retracting and improve the stability and safety of the opening safety protection device during use.

[0041] In this embodiment, a second cover plate 6 is slidably connected to each end of the first cover plate 1, and the length of the second cover plate 6 at both ends of the first cover plate 1 can be adjusted as needed. The overall length adjustment of the opening safety protection device is more flexible and has a wider range of applications.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction, comprising: The first cover plate (1) is characterized in that a second cover plate (6) is slidably connected to the upper part of at least one end of the first cover plate (1), a rack (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second cover plate (6), and a sliding limiting groove (10) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first cover plate (1), with the rack (7) inserted into the sliding limiting groove (10). The lower surface of the first cover plate (1) is provided with a gear (2) and a pawl (5). The gear (2) meshes with the rack (7). A ratchet (11) is coaxially fixed on the gear (2). The ratchet (11) is used to cooperate with the pawl (5) to restrict the rack (7) from automatically retracting into the sliding limit groove (10).

2. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting plate (8) is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the second cover plate (6). One end of the rack (7) is fixedly connected to the limiting plate (8), and the other end of the rack (7) is inserted and slidably disposed in the sliding limiting groove (10).

3. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the limiting plate (8) is the same as the width of the second cover plate (6), and the limiting plate (8) is perpendicular to the second cover plate (6).

4. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gap is provided between the limiting plate (8) and one end of the adjacent second cover plate (6).

5. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two first mounting shafts (3) are fixedly provided on the lower surface of the first cover plate (1), and the pawl (5) and gear (2) are respectively rotatably mounted on the two first mounting shafts (3).

6. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second mounting shaft (4) is fixed to the tip of the pawl (5) and the lower surface of the first cover plate (1), respectively. A spring (9) is installed between the two second mounting shafts (4). The spring (9) is used to pull the pawl (5) towards the ratchet (11).

7. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding limit groove (10) is a square steel tube structure.

8. The safety protection device for pre-reserved planar openings during construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding limit groove (10) has a clearance opening (12) on the side near the gear (2), and the gear (2) meshes with the rack (7) in the sliding limit groove (10) through the clearance opening (12).

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