Flue dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flue dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration, the flue dust removal device is suitable for a solid waste incineration system, the solid waste incineration system comprises a flue, the flue is used for flue gas after solid waste incineration to pass through, and the flue dust removal device comprises a catalytic device arranged in the flue, the catalytic device is used for carrying out catalytic reduction treatment on harmful substances in the flue gas; and the high-pressure purging device is communicated with the flue, and the high-pressure purging device sprays high-pressure air flow into the flue in a directional manner so as to blow glass fibers or floccules carried in flue gas away from the flue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal energy engineering technology, and more specifically to a flue dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration. Background Technology

[0002] Solid waste incineration is currently an important means of achieving solid waste reduction, harmlessness, and partial resource recovery, and it is widely used in the environmental protection field. The high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration contains a large number of pollutants and must be treated through processes such as dust removal and denitrification to meet emission standards before it can be released.

[0003] In actual operation, conventional incineration uses coal-fired boilers to generate electricity by burning coal and other materials. In other incineration scenarios, coal is co-fired with solid waste in coal-fired boilers to treat solid waste. When waste clothing or paper is burned, it produces high-temperature flue gas carrying a large amount of large particulate impurities, such as ash and unburned particles, as well as fine pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, glass fibers, and flocculent matter. While traditional centrifuges can remove some large particles, they struggle to completely separate the low-density, flexible impurities such as glass fibers and flocculent fibers carried in the flue gas. These substances easily adhere to the inner walls of the flue and the surfaces of subsequent equipment, leading to increased flue resistance, equipment blockage, and reduced system efficiency. Furthermore, the catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides requires high flue gas cleanliness. If residual particulate matter or fibrous material in the flue gas is not effectively removed, it will cause catalyst surface contamination or blockage, reducing denitrification efficiency and increasing catalyst replacement costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to design an efficient flue gas dust removal device to achieve efficient separation of large particles, stable catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and solve the problem of glass fiber and flocculent material adhesion in the flue has become an urgent technical challenge in the field of solid waste incineration flue gas treatment. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a flue dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration, which can achieve efficient separation of large particles, stable catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and solve the problem of glass fiber and flocculent material adhesion in the flue.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A flue gas dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration is provided. The flue gas dust removal device is applicable to a solid waste incineration system, which includes an incinerator and a separator. The incinerator receives solid waste and incinerates it, with incineration residue discharged through a bottom ash outlet. The separator is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator and is used to centrifuge and separate large particles from the high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration. The flue gas dust removal device includes a high-pressure purging device and a catalytic device. The catalytic device is located within the flue gas and is used to catalytically reduce harmful substances in the flue gas, such as nitrogen oxides. The high-pressure purging device is connected to the flue gas and is located on the inlet side of the catalytic device. The high-pressure purging device directionally sprays high-pressure airflow into the flue gas, blowing away glass fibers or flocculent matter carried in the flue gas from the flue gas and the surface of the catalytic device.

[0007] As another preferred embodiment, the high-pressure purging device includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the high-pressure purging device is composed of multiple circular openings formed on one side of the short side of the flue, and the outlet end is composed of a single rectangular opening formed on the other side of the short side of the flue. The multiple circular openings and the single rectangular opening form an asymmetrical airflow channel. High-pressure airflow is input through the circular openings to create turbulent disturbances in the flue, thereby directionally stripping the deposits on the catalytic device and discharging them through the rectangular openings.

[0008] In a further preferred embodiment, the high-pressure purging device further includes a guide member connected to the outer wall of the flue and positioned at the rectangular opening. The cross-section of the guide member gradually narrows along the airflow direction to form a converging channel, which is used to directionally and rapidly remove the detached deposits from the flue along with the high-pressure airflow.

[0009] Further preferably, the guide is connected to a first passage, and a switchable valve assembly is provided on the first passage to control the discharge or deposition of the attached material.

[0010] Preferably, the valve assembly includes a first valve and a second valve spaced apart along the first passage path; wherein, when the first valve is closed and the second valve is closed, the high-temperature flue gas undergoes normal catalytic reduction by the catalytic device; when the first valve is open and the second valve is closed, the high-pressure purging device operates, and the deposits detached from the flue are introduced into the first passage for temporary storage with the airflow; when the first valve is closed and the second valve is open, the deposits temporarily stored in the first passage are discharged.

[0011] Preferably, the first passage is connected to a second passage, which is located between the first valve and the second valve, and a third valve is located within the second passage; wherein the third valve is opened to discharge the gas flowing between the first valve and the second valve, so as to balance the gas pressure in the first passage.

[0012] Further preferably, the high-pressure purging device further includes an auxiliary purging component, which is disposed in the flue and the airflow injection direction of the auxiliary purging component is toward the catalytic device, so as to form a constrained airflow field orthogonal to the high-pressure airflow direction at the inlet end in the flue.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary purging assembly includes: a running track connected to the inner wall of the flue; an air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe, one end of the air inlet pipe being connected to the first air outlet pipe, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe being movably connected to the running track; the air inlet pipe is externally connected to a servo motor, which drives the air inlet pipe to move the first air outlet pipe relative to the running track.

[0014] Preferably, this application also provides a method for operating a solid waste incineration system. This method is applicable to flue dust removal devices and solid waste incineration systems as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. The method includes: Step S1: Conveying solid waste to an incinerator, where it is incinerated to generate high-temperature flue gas and residue; Step S2: Introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a separation device for centrifugal sedimentation separation, the purified high-temperature flue gas carrying non-combustible deposits flows through the flue to a catalytic device; Step S3: Within a first preset time period, the high-temperature flue gas undergoes catalytic reduction by the catalytic device and is discharged through the flue, with deposits settling on the top of the catalytic device; Step S4: After the first preset time period, within a second preset time period, activating a high-pressure purging device to purge the deposits in the flue, allowing the deposits to be discharged through a first passage.

[0015] Furthermore, step S4 also includes: Step S41: In one purging cycle, high-pressure airflow is input through the air inlet of the high-pressure purging device, and at the same time, the auxiliary purging component is activated to blow out a constrained airflow with a different flow direction from the high-pressure airflow; Step S42: The first valve on the first passage is opened and the second valve is closed, so that the deposits enter the first passage with the airflow for temporary storage; Step S43: The third valve on the second passage is opened to discharge the high-pressure gas between the first valve and the second valve to balance the air pressure; Step S44: The first valve is closed and the second valve is opened to export the deposits in the first passage.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0017] The high-pressure purging device avoids the catalytic converter blockage problem caused by the difficulty in effectively separating lightweight flocculent deposits, such as glass fibers, that is common in traditional processes. The high-pressure purging device creates a dynamic cleaning force field within the flue by directional jetting of high-pressure airflow. This directly strips flocculent deposits adhering to the flue's inner wall and the catalyst surface, preventing their continuous accumulation and formation of a dense blockage layer. Furthermore, the airflow guides the stripped fibrous material away from critical areas, preventing secondary deposition. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solid waste incineration system;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the catalytic device in a flue gas dust removal system.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the catalytic device in a flue gas dust removal system.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the outlet position of the high-pressure purging device;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary purging assembly;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary purging assembly from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the auxiliary purging assembly is located in the first position;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the auxiliary purging component is located in the second position;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram showing the location of the catalytic device in a flue gas dust removal system.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the catalytic device in the flue gas dust removal system;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the catalytic device.

[0029] Figure 12 This is another structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary purging component in some embodiments.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Solid waste incineration system; 2. First blower; 3. Second blower; 4. Servo motor; 5. Flue dust removal device; 10. Incinerator; 11. Separator; 20. Catalytic device; 21. First filter screen; 22. Catalytic plate; 30. High-pressure purging device; 31. Air inlet; 311. Air nozzle; 32. Air outlet; 33. Circular opening; 34. Rectangular opening; 35. Guide component; 36. First passage; 361. Valve assembly; 362. First valve; 363. Second valve; 37. Second passage; 371. Third valve; 40. Flue; 50. Auxiliary purging assembly; 51. Running track; 52. Air inlet pipe; 53. First air outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0034] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0035] In one specific implementation, see Figures 1 to 11This application provides a flue gas dust removal device 5 suitable for solid waste incineration. The flue gas dust removal device 5 is applicable to a solid waste incineration system 1, which includes an incinerator 10 and a separator 11. The incinerator 10 receives solid waste and incinerates it, with the incineration residue discharged through a bottom ash discharge port. The separator 11 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator 10 and is used to centrifuge and separate large particles from the high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration. The flue gas dust removal device 5 includes a high-pressure purging device 30 and a catalytic device 20. The catalytic device 20 and the separator 11 are connected. The purified flue gas outlet of 1 is connected through flue 40, and the catalytic device 20 is located inside flue 40. The high-temperature flue gas separated by separator 11 enters the catalytic device 20 through flue 40. The catalytic device 20 is used to catalytically reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The high-pressure purging device 30 is connected to flue 40 and is located on the inlet side of the catalytic device 20. The high-pressure purging device 30 sprays high-pressure airflow in a direction to the flue 40 to blow away glass fibers or flocculents carried in the high-temperature flue gas from the surface of flue 40 and catalytic device 20.

[0036] In this application, the incinerator 10 is suitable for incinerating waste clothing and other items. Conventional incineration produces incompletely combustible products, such as glass fibers or various flocculent deposits. The high-temperature flue gas in the incinerator 10 carries these deposits into the separator 11. Preferably, the separator 11 is a cyclone separator. After entering the cyclone separator 11, the high-temperature flue gas undergoes centrifugal sedimentation separation. Large particles carried in the high-temperature flue gas are deposited at the bottom of the incinerator 10. However, due to the low density of the glass fibers or flocculent deposits, they enter the flue duct 40 along with the high-temperature flue gas after separation by the separator 11. Since the flue duct 40 is equipped with a catalytic device 20, preferably composed of multiple plate catalysts, the high-temperature flue gas undergoes oxidation-reduction after being catalyzed by the catalytic device 20, removing nitrogen oxides and other components from the high-temperature flue gas, thereby ensuring that the gas produced after solid waste incineration meets emission standards. Therefore, when the high-temperature flue gas carrying flocculent deposits passes through the catalytic device 20, the high-temperature flue gas continuously discharged into the flue 40 will accumulate flocculent deposits on the top of the plate catalyst. In some preferred catalytic devices 20, a first filter screen 21 is also added to the top of the catalyst, and the flocculent deposits in the high-temperature flue gas will more easily accumulate on the first filter screen 21, thereby affecting the entry of the high-temperature flue gas into the catalytic device 20.

[0037] Therefore, by incorporating a high-pressure purging device 30 into the flue dust removal device 5 in this application, the clogging problem of the catalyst device 20 caused by the difficulty in effectively separating lightweight flocculent deposits, such as glass fibers, that is common in traditional processes is avoided. When incinerating solid waste containing fibrous materials such as discarded clothing, although conventional cyclone separators 11 can remove large particles through centrifugal sedimentation, glass fibers or flocculent materials, due to their low density and loose morphology, easily enter the flue 40 with the airflow and accumulate on the surface of the catalyst device 20 within the flue 40, especially the plate catalyst and its top first filter screen 21. The high-pressure purging device 30, through directional injection of high-pressure airflow, forms a dynamic cleaning force field within the flue 40. On one hand, it directly peels off the flocculent materials adhering to the inner wall of the flue 40 and the surface of the catalyst, preventing their continuous accumulation and formation of a dense blockage layer; on the other hand, it guides the airflow to quickly remove the peeled fibrous material from critical areas, preventing secondary deposition.

[0038] As a preferred option, see Figures 2 to 3 The high-pressure purging device 30 includes an inlet end 31 and an outlet end 32. The cross-section of the flue 40 is a rectangular cavity, including a long side and a short side that are parallel to each other. The inlet end 31 of the high-pressure purging device 30 is located on one side of the short side, and the outlet end 32 is located on the other side of the opposite short side. The axes of the inlet end 31 and the outlet end 32 extend along the long side. The high-pressure purging device 30 forms a transverse airflow field through the inlet end 31 and the outlet end 32 on both sides of the short side, covering the entire long side of the flue 40.

[0039] Specifically, the flue 40 is a rectangular cross-section 3m*6m cuboid pipe, with the short side corresponding to the 3m length and the long side corresponding to the 6m length. The air inlet 31 of the high-pressure purging device 30 is located on one of the short sides, and the air outlet 32 ​​is located on the opposite short side. The axes of the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32 ​​extend along the long side. The high-pressure purging device 30 forms a transverse airflow field through the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32 ​​on both sides of the short side, covering the entire long side of the flue 40.

[0040] Along the extension direction of one of the long sides, multiple plate-type catalysts are continuously installed inside the flue 40. For the specific structure of the plate-type catalysts, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 11 Each plate catalyst is detachably assembled within the flue 40, facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the catalytic unit 20. This modular design enables rapid replacement of the catalytic unit. When the high-pressure purging device 30 experiences localized catalyst blockage due to prolonged operation, individual plate catalysts can be disassembled for cleaning or replacement. This structural system balances cleaning efficiency with ease of maintenance, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the catalytic unit 20 under complex conditions.

[0041] Therefore, through the coordinated structural design of the high-pressure purging device 30 and the flue 40, and the coupled layout of the rectangular cross-section flue 40 and the bidirectional through-flow on the short side, efficient and directional removal of light flocculent deposits is achieved, while also adapting to the spatial distribution and maintenance requirements of the catalytic converter 20. The flue 40 adopts a 3m*6m rectangular cross-section design, with the long side direction serving as the main path for flue gas flow and catalytic reaction, and the short side direction serving as the through-axis of the high-pressure airflow. Thus, the transversely penetrating airflow field input and output along the 3m short side direction can cover the entire catalytic converter area along the 6m long side direction, ensuring that the high-pressure airflow acts evenly on the surface of each plate catalytic converter when flowing through the depth of the flue 40, avoiding the cleaning blind spots caused by the tortuous airflow path or uneven flow velocity distribution in traditional circular or irregularly shaped flues 40. Especially when multiple plate catalysts are arranged continuously along the long side, the bidirectional airflow design through the short side allows the kinetic energy of the high-pressure airflow to remain stable during the extension of the long side. This not only strips off the existing deposits at the front of the catalyst, but also continuously inhibits the deposition of new deposits at the rear, forming a dynamic cleaning barrier.

[0042] As another preferred option, see Figure 3 and Figure 9 The high-pressure purging device 30 has an inlet 31 consisting of multiple circular openings 33 on one side of the short side of the flue 40, and an outlet 32 ​​consisting of a single rectangular opening 34 on the other side of the short side of the flue 40. The multiple circular openings 33 and the single rectangular opening 34 form an asymmetrical airflow channel. High-pressure airflow is input through the circular openings 33, creating turbulent disturbance within the flue 40 to directionally strip the deposits on the catalyst device 20, which are then discharged through the rectangular opening 34. (See also...) Figure 7 The first fan 2 is connected to an external air nozzle 311 through a pipeline to guide the air into the flue 40 through a circular opening 33, and directs high-pressure airflow through the air nozzle 311.

[0043] Specifically, the high-pressure purging device 30 adopts an asymmetrical structural design with multiple circular openings 33 at the inlet end 31 and a single rectangular opening 34 at the outlet end 32. This achieves efficient removal of deposits on the surface of the catalytic device 20 within the flue 40 and improves the stability of system operation. In the scenario of solid waste incineration, multiple circular openings 33 on one side of the short side of the flue 40 form a high-pressure jet array through an external fan and nozzle 311. The directional airflow from each circular opening 33 generates local turbulent disturbances within the flue 40. These disturbances directly impact the deposits on the surface of the catalytic device 20, especially the plate catalyst and its top filter. Meanwhile, the rectangular opening 34 on the other side of the short side serves as a centralized emission channel, providing a low-resistance directional discharge path for the stripped lightweight flocculent material. This asymmetric airflow channel design combines the advantages of "distributed input" and "centralized output." The distributed layout of the circular openings 33 ensures that the high-pressure airflow can uniformly cover the depth of the flue 40, avoiding the cleaning blind spots caused by traditional single air inlets. Meanwhile, the wide-area discharge of the rectangular openings 34 effectively suppresses airflow diffusion losses and prevents secondary deposition of stripped material due to decreased flow velocity. In addition, the introduction of turbulence enhances the momentum exchange between the airflow and the attached material, making it easier for loose materials such as glass fibers, which are difficult to remove by conventional laminar flow, to detach from the catalyst surface. The low-pressure area of ​​the rectangular openings 34 further creates a suction effect, accelerating the discharge of stripped material.

[0044] For further optimization, see Figure 3 The high-pressure purging device 30 also includes a guide 35, which is connected to the outer wall of the flue 40 and is located at the rectangular opening 34. The cross section of the guide 35 gradually narrows along the airflow direction to form a converging channel for directional and accelerated removal of the adhering material detached from the flue 40 by the high-pressure airflow.

[0045] Specifically, the guide 35 is a tapered hood extending from the edge of the rectangular opening 34 outwards into the flue 40. When the high-pressure airflow carrying lightweight flocculent deposits such as glass fibers is discharged from the rectangular opening 34 of the asymmetric channel, the narrowing cross-section of the tapered hood creates a Venturi effect outside the flue 40. As the airflow flows along the tapered path, its velocity gradually increases, and its kinetic energy is concentrated and enhanced. This forces the flocculent deposits, which might have diffused due to the abrupt change in cross-section, to be confined within the gradually narrowing flow channel. This avoids the formation of vortex zones caused by the separation of the airflow boundary layer, significantly increasing the discharge velocity of the deposits, reducing the mixing disturbance between the airflow and the outside air, and preventing the detached material from being resuspended or deposited near the discharge port due to the decrease in flow velocity. At the same time, the tapered geometry of the hood adjusts the airflow direction from the wide-area dispersion state of the rectangular opening 34 to a directional convergence state, so that the glass fibers, which might have scattered in all directions, are precisely guided to the preset collection device or treatment channel. This avoids the environmental risks caused by the escape of pollutants and reduces the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0046] For further optimization, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The guide 35 is externally connected to the first passage 36, and the first passage 36 is provided with a switchable valve assembly 361, which controls the discharge or deposition of the attached material.

[0047] Preferably, the valve assembly 361 includes a first valve 362 and a second valve 363 spaced apart along the path direction of the first passage 36; wherein, when the first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is closed, the high-temperature flue gas is normally catalytically reduced by the catalytic device 20; when the first valve 362 is open and the second valve 363 is closed, the high-pressure purging device 30 is operated, and the adhering material detached from the flue 40 is introduced into the first passage 36 for temporary storage with the airflow; when the first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is open, the adhering material temporarily stored in the first passage 36 is discharged.

[0048] The first passage 36 is composed of a pipe structure, preferably a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm. The first passage 36 is connected to the guide 35. After the first passage 36 is led out from the guide 35, it extends vertically downward along the direction of gravity, so that the flocculent deposits discharged into the first passage 36 do not require additional driving force to move. When the high-pressure gas blown out by the high-pressure blowing device 30 carries the flocculent deposits out from the guide 35, it can be directly discharged to the collection area along the vertical extension direction of the first passage 36 by gravity.

[0049] See also for details Figure 4 In the first passage 36, the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the pipeline. The 20cm diameter vertical pipeline, through its gravity self-discharge characteristic, allows low-density flocculent materials to settle naturally without additional power, avoiding the mechanical wear and energy consumption burden caused by traditional screw conveyors or pneumatic conveyors. When the cleaning phase switches to closing the first valve 362 and opening the second valve 363, the adhering materials temporarily stored in the pipeline slide directly to the collection area under the action of gravity. This segmented operation mode of temporary storage and discharge not only prevents external air backflow from interfering with the negative pressure environment of the flue 40 during the purging process, but also avoids secondary pollution caused by flue gas leakage during the cleaning operation.

[0050] Furthermore, the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 are specifically gas valves, preferably pneumatically controlled solenoid valves.

[0051] Preferably, a second passage 37 is connected to the first passage 36. The second passage 37 is located between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363. A third valve 371 is provided in the second passage 37. The third valve 371 is opened to discharge the gas that flows between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363, so as to balance the gas pressure in the first passage 36.

[0052] Similarly, the structure of the third valve 371 is the same as that of the first valve 362 and the second valve 363, all of which are gas valves. The third valve 371 works in conjunction with the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 to control the flow of gas. Specifically, the high-pressure gas and flocculent deposits at the guide 35 are controlled by the first valve 362, the second valve 363, and the third valve 371. After the high-pressure purging device 30 completes one cycle of purging, the high-pressure gas carries the flocculent deposits blown out from the first filter screen 21 through the guide 35 into the first passage 36. At this time, the first valve 362 is adjusted from the closed state to the open state, while the second valve 363 and the third valve 371 remain closed. When the flocculent deposits and gas enter between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363, the first valve 362 closes and the third valve 371 opens to perform a pressure relief operation, balancing the air pressure between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363. After the pressure is balanced, the third valve 371 is closed and the second valve 363 is opened, and the flocculent deposits are discharged vertically downwards by gravity to the collection area for collection.

[0053] For further optimization, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 5 to 8 The high-pressure purging device 30 also includes an auxiliary purging component 50, which is disposed in the flue 40. The airflow injection direction of the auxiliary purging component 50 is directed toward the catalytic device 20, so as to form a constrained airflow field in the flue 40 that is orthogonal to the high-pressure airflow direction at the inlet 31. The constrained airflow field suppresses the turbulent diffusion of the high-pressure airflow in the flue 40, guides the glass fiber or flocculent deposits along a preset path to the outlet 32, and prevents the flocculent deposits from rolling back to the inlet area of ​​the catalytic device 20.

[0054] Furthermore, the auxiliary purging assembly 50 includes: a running track 51, which is connected to the inner wall of the flue 40; an air inlet pipe 52 and a first air outlet pipe 53, one end of the air inlet pipe 52 and the first air outlet pipe 53 are connected, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe 53 is movably connected to the running track 51. The air inlet pipe 52 is externally connected to a servo motor 4, which drives the air inlet pipe 52 to move the first air outlet pipe 53 relative to the running track 51. At the same time, the first air outlet pipe 53 is connected to a second fan 3 through an external long-distance flexible hose, and airflow is introduced into the first air outlet pipe 53 through the second fan 3.

[0055] Among them, see Figure 5The first air outlet duct 53 has multiple air outlets at its end, spaced apart along its extension direction, forming a top-outlet structure relative to the high-pressure purging device 30. The high-speed downward-spraying airflow creates an air curtain on the cross-section of the flue 40, directly suppressing the turbulent lifting tendency of the glass fibers in the main airflow blown into the flue 40 by the air nozzle 311, thereby reducing the longitudinal diffusion of the high-pressure airflow blown out by the high-pressure purging device 30. One end of the first air outlet duct 53 is connected to the servo motor 4 via the air inlet duct 52, and the other end is slidably connected to the running track 51 on the inner wall of the flue 40. The servo motor 4 drives the air inlet duct 52, causing the first air outlet duct 53 to move along the track, achieving dynamic adjustment of the outlet position.

[0056] Furthermore, in another practical operating condition, to provide an alternative implementation of the auxiliary purging assembly 50, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 12 Furthermore, an auxiliary purging assembly 50 is provided, which is laterally arranged within the flue 40. In this embodiment, the first air outlet duct 53 extends along the long side of the flue 40, while the first air outlet duct 53 moves along the short side of the flue 40. At this time, the moving direction of the first air outlet duct 53 is perpendicular to the air outlet direction of the high-pressure purging device 30. In this embodiment, the first air outlet duct 53 obtains a larger purging area and a shorter moving distance, thereby suppressing the turbulent diffusion of the high-pressure airflow blown out by the high-pressure purging device 30 within the flue 40 more quickly per unit time.

[0057] Preferably, this application also provides a working method for a solid waste incineration system 1. The working method is applicable to any of the solid waste incineration systems 1 and flue dust removal devices 5 described above. The working method includes: Step S1: conveying solid waste to an incinerator 10, where it is incinerated to generate high-temperature flue gas and residue; Step S2: introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a separation device for centrifugal sedimentation separation, and the purified high-temperature flue gas carrying non-combustible deposits flows through flue 40 to a catalytic device 20; Step S3: within a first preset time period, after the high-temperature flue gas undergoes catalytic reduction by the catalytic device 20, it is discharged through flue 40, and the deposits are deposited on the top of the catalytic device 20; Step S4: after the first preset time period, within a second preset time period, activating a high-pressure purging device 30 to purge the deposits in the flue 40, so that the deposits are discharged through a first passage 36.

[0058] The first preset time period corresponds to the time required for normal solid waste incineration. Therefore, the first preset time period is determined based on the amount of solid waste incinerated. The second preset time period corresponds to one unit cycle in the purging process of the high-pressure purging device 30. Preferably, the high-pressure purging device 30 performs intermittent purging to cooperate with the first passage 36 and the second passage 37 to achieve small-volume, multiple dust removal.

[0059] The auxiliary purging assembly 50 can adjust its extension and retraction speed via the servo motor 4, thereby allowing the first air outlet duct 53 to emit air for different durations at different positions to adapt to the air blown out by the high-pressure purging device 30. Specifically, for example... Figure 7 As shown in the diagram, the first air outlet duct 53 moves faster near the air inlet 31, gradually slowing down as it transitions to the middle region, and then gradually approaching the air outlet 32, i.e. Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the moving speed of the first outlet duct 53 gradually increases. Preferably, the moving speed of the auxiliary purging assembly 50 is adjusted based on the non-uniform characteristics of the airflow distribution within the flue 40. Through programmed control of the servo motor 4, the moving speed of the first outlet duct 53 is matched with the dynamic pressure field of the high-pressure main airflow. When the main airflow introduced by the nozzle 311 at the inlet 31 first enters the flue 40, its velocity is high and the turbulence intensity is strong, making it easy for deposits to form vortices and accumulate. In this region, the first outlet duct 53 adopts a rapid moving mode, for example, a moving speed of 0.8–1.2 m / s, to quickly complete the coverage purging of the high-turbulence zone and reduce secondary entrainment of deposits by the airflow. In the middle transition zone, i.e., the stable flow zone, the main airflow velocity tends to stabilize. At this time, the moving speed of the first outlet duct 53 is adjusted to a medium speed, for example, 0.5–0.8 m / s, to enhance the stripping effect on thicker deposits by extending the local residence time. When the gas reaches the outlet region 32, which is the low-pressure acceleration zone, it is close to the outlet of the catalytic converter 20. The main airflow accelerates due to the chimney effect, and the adhering substances are easily re-entrained by the high-speed airflow. The first outlet duct 53 further increases its moving speed here. For example, the moving speed reaches 1.5–2.0 m / s, forming a continuous air curtain barrier through high-speed scanning, blocking the rewind path.

[0060] Preferably, the first air outlet pipe 53 and the air inlet pipe 52 can be angled, and the first air outlet pipe 53 and the air inlet pipe 52 are preferably connected by a high-temperature resistant universal ball joint. The joint is composed of a ball-and-socket structure cast from nickel-based alloy and a self-lubricating ceramic bearing, which can be freely adjusted within a certain range.

[0061] The inlet end 31 employs a 30°–40° inclined injection relative to the vertical direction, creating a barometric shear layer between the auxiliary airflow and the main airflow. This converts horizontal kinetic energy into vertical momentum, improving the settling efficiency of large particles and reducing particle adhesion. The outlet end 32 switches to a 0° vertical injection mode to reduce the rewind rate of submicron particles.

[0062] Therefore, preferably, by combining the coordinated movement speed and angle adjustment of the first outlet duct 53, when the outlet duct approaches the inlet end 31, i.e., in the first 30% region of the flue 40, the main airflow velocity is high and the turbulence intensity is large. At this time, the first outlet duct 53 moves at high speed, preferably with a movement speed of 0.8–1.2 m / s, while the pitch angle is adjusted to a downward tilt of 30°–40° relative to the vertical direction, so that the auxiliary airflow obliquely cuts into the main airflow, forming a strong shearing effect and quickly suppressing the large particles attached in the initial section; when the outlet duct moves to the middle section of the flue 40, i.e., the 30%–70% region, the main airflow tends to stabilize, and at this time the speed of the first outlet duct 53 decreases. The moving speed is selected as 0.6–0.8 m / s, and the pitch angle of the first air outlet duct 53 is adjusted back to 5°–10° relative to the vertical direction. By extending the local residence time and multi-directional micro-oscillation, the sticky flocculent material deposited at the front end of the catalytic device 20 is finely stripped. When it approaches the air outlet end 32, that is, the area 30% behind the long side, the main airflow accelerates due to the chimney effect, which easily causes the particles to roll back. At this time, the speed of the first air outlet duct 53 increases. The moving speed of the first air outlet duct is selected as 1.2–1.5 m / s, and the pitch angle is switched to 0° vertically downward. The vertical airflow forms an air curtain barrier in front of the inlet of the catalytic device 20, dynamically intercepting the escaped particles and pushing them into the ash hopper.

[0063] Furthermore, step S4 also includes: Step S41: In one purging cycle, high-pressure airflow is input through the air inlet 31 of the high-pressure purging device 30, and at the same time, the auxiliary purging assembly 50 is activated to blow out a constrained airflow with a different flow direction from the high-pressure airflow; Step S42: The first valve 362 on the first passage 36 is opened and the second valve 363 is closed, so that the deposits enter the first passage 36 with the airflow for temporary storage; Step S43: The third valve 371 on the second passage 37 is opened to discharge the high-pressure gas between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 to balance the air pressure; Step S44: The first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is opened to export the deposits in the first passage 36.

[0064] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flue dust removal device suitable for solid waste incineration, characterized in that, The flue gas dust removal device is applicable to a solid waste incineration system, wherein the solid waste incineration system includes a flue, the flue being through which the flue gas after solid waste incineration passes, and the flue gas dust removal device includes: A high-pressure purging device is connected to the flue, and the high-pressure purging device sprays high-pressure airflow in a direction into the flue to blow away glass fibers or flocculent materials carried in the flue.

2. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a catalytic device, which is located inside the flue and is used to catalytically reduce harmful substances in the flue gas. The high-pressure purging device includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet of the high-pressure purging device is composed of multiple circular openings on one side of the short side of the flue, and the air outlet is composed of a single rectangular opening on the other side of the short side of the flue. The plurality of circular openings and the single rectangular opening form an asymmetric airflow channel. High-pressure airflow is input through the circular openings to create turbulent disturbances in the flue, thereby directionally stripping the deposits on the catalytic device and discharging them through the rectangular openings.

3. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The high-pressure purging device also includes a guide member connected to the outer wall of the flue and positioned at the rectangular opening. The cross-section of the guide member gradually narrows along the airflow direction to form a converging channel, which is used to directionally and rapidly remove the detached deposits from the flue along with the high-pressure airflow.

4. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The guide is connected to a first passage, which is equipped with a switchable valve assembly to control the discharge or deposition of the deposited material.

5. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The valve assembly includes a first valve and a second valve spaced apart along the first passage path direction; Specifically, when the first valve is closed and the second valve is closed, the high-temperature flue gas undergoes normal catalytic reduction by the catalytic device; when the first valve is open and the second valve is closed, the high-pressure purging device operates, and the adhering substances detached from the flue are introduced into the first passage for temporary storage with the airflow; when the first valve is closed and the second valve is open, the adhering substances temporarily stored in the first passage are discharged.

6. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first passage is connected to a second passage, which is located between the first valve and the second valve, and a third valve is located within the second passage; The third valve is opened to discharge the gas that flows between the first valve and the second valve, in order to balance the gas pressure in the first passage.

7. The flue gas dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The high-pressure purging device also includes an auxiliary purging component, which is disposed in the flue and the airflow injection direction of the auxiliary purging component is toward the catalytic device, so as to form a constrained airflow field orthogonal to the high-pressure airflow direction at the inlet end in the flue.

8. The flue dust removal device for solid waste incineration as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary purging assembly includes: An operating track, which is connected to the inner wall of the flue; An air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe are provided. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the first air outlet pipe, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe is movably connected to the running track. The air inlet pipe is externally connected to a servo motor, which drives the air inlet pipe to move the first air outlet pipe relative to the running track.

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