Controller and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a controller and a vehicle. The controller comprises a main control module, a power supply module, a switch module, a communication module and a control module which are arranged on the same circuit board, the first output end of the power supply module is connected with the power supply end of the main control module; the control end of the switch module is connected with the enabling output end of the main control module, the input end of the switch module is connected with the second output end of the power supply module, and the output end of the switch module is connected with the power supply end of the communication module; the first end of the communication module is connected with the antenna module, and the second end of the communication module is connected with the first communication end of the main control module; and the control module is respectively connected with the main control module and each part in the vehicle. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the problem of low integration level of a vehicle control system in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of two-wheeled vehicle technology, and more particularly to a controller and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric two-wheelers, users' expectations for their performance and functionality are constantly rising. They not only demand advanced intelligent features but also a stylish appearance and compact design. Therefore, manufacturers must comprehensively consider the integration of intelligent technologies when designing electric two-wheelers to meet the diverse needs of modern users.

[0003] Currently, in mainstream two-wheeled vehicle control systems, the control module and the network control module adopt a separate mode. The control module is responsible for the vehicle's logic control and data interaction, while the network control module is responsible for the vehicle's cloud interaction, vehicle information reporting, OTA upgrades, etc. The two modules operate independently and communicate and interact through a data bus.

[0004] However, while a large number of dispersed wiring harnesses can achieve basic control functions, they increase the complexity and difficulty of wiring during the development process, resulting in a low level of integration of the vehicle's control system and making it difficult to meet the diverse needs of users. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a controller and a vehicle to solve the problem of low integration in the control systems of vehicles in the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides a controller, including a main control module, a power supply module, a switch module, a communication module, and a control module disposed on the same circuit board;

[0007] The first output terminal of the power supply module is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module;

[0008] The control terminal of the switch module is connected to the enable output terminal of the main control module, the input terminal of the switch module is connected to the second output terminal of the power supply module, and the output terminal of the switch module is connected to the power supply terminal of the communication module.

[0009] The first end of the communication module is connected to the antenna module, and the second end of the communication module is connected to the first communication end of the main control module.

[0010] The control module is connected to the main control module and various components in the vehicle.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the power supply module includes a first diode, a second diode, a voltage conversion unit, and a low-dropout regulator circuit.

[0012] The first diode is connected in series between the first power supply and the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit, and the second diode is connected in series between the second power supply and the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit;

[0013] The second terminal of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the first terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator circuit;

[0014] The second terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the power supply module further includes a backup power supply, a power management unit, a charging unit, and a redundant power switching unit.

[0016] The first end of the charging unit is connected to the second end of the voltage conversion unit, the second end of the charging unit is connected to the first end of the power management unit, and the second end of the power management unit is connected to the backup power supply. The charging unit is used to transfer the electrical energy of the first power supply to the backup power supply.

[0017] The third terminal of the power management unit is connected to the redundant power switching unit, which is also connected in series between the second terminal of the voltage conversion unit and the first terminal of the low dropout regulator circuit, and is also connected to the second terminal of the switching module.

[0018] The redundant power supply switching unit is used to switch the backup power supply to the main control module and the communication module when the first power supply and the second power supply are abnormal.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the power supply module further includes a boost unit and a reverse power supply unit;

[0020] The first terminal of the boost unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the power management unit, the second terminal of the boost unit is connected to the first terminal of the reverse power supply unit, and the second terminal of the reverse power supply unit is connected to the second power supply.

[0021] The boost unit and the reverse power supply unit work together to boost the electrical energy output by the backup power supply and transmit the boosted electrical energy to the second power supply, thereby providing reverse power supply to the module that relies on the second power supply.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, the power supply module further includes a voltage acquisition and protection unit;

[0023] The voltage acquisition and protection unit is connected in series between the analog-to-digital converter of the main control module and the second power supply.

[0024] In one optional embodiment, the communication module includes a first communication unit and a second communication unit; the antenna module includes a first antenna and a second antenna.

[0025] The power supply terminals of the first communication unit and the second communication unit are respectively connected to the third terminal of the switch module; the first communication unit is also connected in series between the first communication terminal and the first antenna, and the second communication unit is also connected in series between the first communication terminal and the second antenna.

[0026] The first communication unit and the first antenna are used to implement cellular communication, and the second communication unit and the second antenna are used to implement non-cellular communication.

[0027] In one optional embodiment, the communication module further includes a positioning unit; the antenna module further includes a third antenna;

[0028] The positioning unit is connected in series between the second communication terminal of the main control module and the third antenna; the positioning unit and the third antenna are used to locate the controller.

[0029] In one alternative implementation, the switching module includes a transistor;

[0030] The control electrode of the transistor is connected to the enable output terminal of the main control module, the first electrode of the transistor is connected to the second output terminal of the power supply module, and the second electrode of the transistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the communication module.

[0031] In one optional implementation, the control module includes one or more of the following units:

[0032] A controller local area network (Controller Area Network) interface circuit is connected in series between the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal and the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal of the main control module. The Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal is also connected to various components in the vehicle that have the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal.

[0033] An input detection circuit is connected in series between the first general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module and the input button of the controller;

[0034] An output drive circuit is connected in series between the second general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module and the output interface of the controller.

[0035] The first one-line communication bus is connected in series between the third communication terminal of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The one-line communication bus is also connected to each component in the vehicle that has the first interface terminal.

[0036] The second one-line communication bus is connected in series between the fourth communication terminal of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The one-line communication bus is also connected to each component in the vehicle that has the first interface terminal.

[0037] The watchdog circuit is connected to the third general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module;

[0038] A near-field communication unit is connected in series between the serial peripheral interface terminal of the main control module and the second interface terminal of the vehicle;

[0039] An inertial measurement unit is connected to the integrated circuit bus terminal of the main control module;

[0040] A throttle speed control signal acquisition unit, wherein the first end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the first analog-to-digital converter of the main control module, the second end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the second analog-to-digital converter of the main control module, and the third end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the third interface terminal of the vehicle.

[0041] The ignition circuit is connected to the fourth general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module.

[0042] On the other hand, this application provides a vehicle including: a controller as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0043] The controller and vehicle provided in this application integrate the main control module, power supply module, switch module, communication module, and control module onto the same circuit board. The power supply module provides power to each module, the switch module manages the power supply to the communication module under the control of the main control module, the communication module interacts with the main control module and transmits signals through the antenna module, and the control module connects the main control module and various vehicle components to achieve vehicle control. This integrated design reduces wiring harness connections, lowers system complexity, improves integration, enhances system stability and reliability, and facilitates efficient collaboration between modules, enabling rapid response to vehicle control needs and meeting diverse user requirements for vehicle performance. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0052] 100 - Controller; 10 - Main control module; VCC1 - Power supply terminal of the main control module; EN - Enable output terminal of the main control module; UART1 - First communication terminal of the main control module; 20 - Power supply module; A1 - First output terminal of the power supply module; A2 - Second output terminal of the power supply module; 30 - Switch module; B1 - Control terminal of the switch module; B2 - Input terminal of the switch module; B3 - Output terminal of the switch module; 40 - Communication module; VCC2 - Power supply terminal of the communication module; C1 - First terminal of the communication module; C2 - Second terminal of the communication module; 50 - Control module BAT - First power supply; ACC - Second power supply; D1 - First diode; D2 - Second diode; 210 - Voltage conversion unit; 220 - Low dropout voltage regulator circuit; 230 - Backup power supply; 240 - Power management unit; E1 - First terminal of power management unit; E2 - Second terminal of power management unit; E3 - Third terminal of power management unit; 250 - Charging unit; 260 - Redundant power switching unit; E4 - Fourth terminal of power management unit; 270 - Charging unit; 280 - Reverse power supply unit; 290 - Voltage acquisition and protection unit; ADC - Analog-to-digital converter of the main control module; 410 - First communication unit; ANT1 - First antenna; 420 - Second communication unit; ANT2 - Second antenna; 430 - Positioning unit; ANT3 - Third antenna; Q1 - Transistor; 510 - Controller Area Network (CAN) interface circuit; CAN - Controller Area Network (CAN) terminal of the main control module; CAN terminal - Controller Area Network (CAN) terminal; 520 - Input detection circuit; GPIO1 - First general purpose input / output terminal of the main control module; 530 - Output drive circuit; GPIO2 - Second general purpose input / output terminal of the main control module. Output terminals; 540 - First one-wire bus; 550 - Second one-wire bus; UART3 - Third communication terminal of the main control module; 560 - Watchdog circuit; GPIO3 - Third general purpose input / output terminal of the main control module; 570 - Near field communication unit; SPI - Serial peripheral interface terminal of the main control module; 580 - Inertial measurement unit; IIC - Integrated circuit bus terminal of the main control module; 590 - Throttle speed control signal acquisition unit; VADC - First analog-to-digital converter terminal of the main control module; CADC - Second analog-to-digital converter terminal of the main control module; 5110 - Ignition circuit.

[0053] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] As described in the background section, in the current electric two-wheeler field, the vehicle control system typically adopts an architecture that separates the control module and the network control module. The control module primarily undertakes core functions such as the logic control of the vehicle's powertrain and data interaction between components; the network control module focuses on intelligent tasks such as cloud communication, real-time reporting of vehicle operating data, and online OTA upgrades. The two modules operate independently, achieving information exchange and collaborative work through data buses such as CAN bus and UART.

[0056] However, the numerous scattered dedicated wiring harnesses running between modules not only significantly increase the complexity of the vehicle's wiring and assembly difficulty, leading to time-consuming and labor-intensive wiring layout during production, but also significantly reduce the integration of the control system. Wiring harness redundancy not only occupies limited vehicle space, affecting the vehicle's compact appearance and lightweight design, but also causes signal transmission loss and communication delays between modules, making it difficult to meet users' diverse needs for high performance and personalization in electric two-wheelers.

[0057] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a controller that integrates a main control module, a power supply module, a switch module, a communication module, and a control module onto the same circuit board. The power supply module provides power to each module, the switch module manages the power supply to the communication module under the control of the main control module, the communication module interacts with the main control module and transmits signals through an antenna module, and the control module connects the main control module and various vehicle components to achieve vehicle control. This integrated design reduces wiring harness connections, lowers system complexity, improves integration, enhances system stability and reliability, and facilitates efficient collaboration between modules, enabling rapid response to vehicle control needs and meeting diverse user requirements for vehicle performance.

[0058] The technical solutions of this application and how they solve the aforementioned technical problems are described in detail below with reference to optional embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 1The controller 100 includes a main control module 10, a power supply module 20, a switch module 30, a communication module 40, and a control module 50, all mounted on the same circuit board. Specifically, the first output terminal A1 of the power supply module is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the main control module; the control terminal B1 of the switch module is connected to the enable output terminal EN of the main control module; the input terminal B2 of the switch module is connected to the second output terminal A2 of the power supply module; and the output terminal B3 of the switch module is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the communication module. The first terminal C1 of the communication module is connected to the antenna module ANT, and the second terminal C2 of the communication module is connected to the first communication terminal UART1 of the main control module. The control module is connected to the main control module 10 and various components in the vehicle.

[0060] In the architecture of controller 100, the main control module 10 can be a high-performance microcontroller (MCU) as the core control unit. With its powerful data processing capabilities, the MCU can analyze vehicle operating status data, user command data, and external information received by communication module 40 in real time, and generate precise control commands based on preset algorithms and control logic.

[0061] The input terminal of the power supply module 20 is connected to the power supply, and the first output terminal A1 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the main control module, thereby constructing a power transmission channel to continuously supply the power required for the operation of the main control module 10 and ensure its normal operation.

[0062] The switch module 30 includes controllable switching devices, such as transistors or relays, which control their own on / off states by receiving enable signals from the main control module 10. Its control terminal B1 is connected to the enable output terminal EN of the main control module, allowing the main control module to precisely control the on / off state of the switch module by sending control signals to the enable output terminal EN according to actual operating requirements. The input terminal B2 of the switch module is connected to the second output terminal A2 of the power supply module 20 to obtain electrical energy; its output terminal B3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the communication module 40. When the main control module sends an enable signal to turn on the switch module, electrical energy is transferred from the power supply module through the switch module to the communication module, enabling flexible control of the power supply to the communication module.

[0063] Optionally, the working principle of the switch module 30 when performing power supply control can be as follows: when the main control module 10 sends a high-level enable signal, the switch module 30 can be turned on to supply power to the communication module 40; conversely, when a low-level signal is sent, the switch module 30 is turned off to cut off the power supply to the communication module 40.

[0064] The communication module 40 has flexible and diverse communication modes, and can use wireless communication technologies (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.) or cellular communication technologies (such as 4G, 5G) to meet the communication needs in different scenarios.

[0065] The communication module 40 is connected to the antenna module ANT via its first terminal C1. The antenna module, acting as a signal transceiver, efficiently captures and transmits wireless signals, enabling the communication module 40 to establish a wireless communication link with the outside world. Specifically, it can interact with a cloud server to upload real-time vehicle operating data and status information to the cloud for storage and analysis, while also receiving instructions and strategies from the cloud. It can also communicate with vehicle terminals (such as the owner's mobile app, smart key, etc.) to achieve remote control, vehicle information query, and other functions, providing users with a more convenient and intelligent user experience.

[0066] The second terminal C2 of the communication module is connected to the first communication terminal UART1 of the main control module, enabling real-time and accurate data interaction between the communication module 40 and the main control module 10. In other words, the communication module 40 can transmit received external information to the main control module 10 for processing and decision-making through the first communication terminal UART1, and at the same time receive instructions from the main control module 10 to adjust its own working status and communication strategy.

[0067] In terms of power supply, the power supply terminal VCC of the communication module is connected to the output terminal B3 of the switch module, receiving a stable voltage output from the switch module 30. This allows the power supply status of the communication module 40 to be precisely controlled by the main control module 10. When the vehicle is in a specific state or when communication is not required, the main control module 10 can cut off the power supply of the communication module 40 through the switch module 30, thereby reducing power consumption and improving energy efficiency.

[0068] In addition, the control module 50 serves as a bridge connecting the main control module 10 and various vehicle components. One end is connected to the main control module 10 to receive control commands and strategies issued by the main control module 10; the other end precisely connects with the vehicle components corresponding to each functional unit through an adapter interface.

[0069] In actual operation, multiple functional units within the control module 50, such as the Controller Area Network (CAN bus) interface circuit, input detection circuit, and output drive circuit, work together. For example, data communication with various components is achieved through the CAN bus interface circuit, user operation signals are collected through the input detection circuit, and control commands are executed through the output drive circuit. Each unit has a clear division of labor and works closely together to translate the control commands from the main control module 10 into precise control of various vehicle systems, ensuring the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the entire process, including vehicle starting, driving, steering, and braking.

[0070] The controller provided in this application integrates all modules, including main control, power supply, switching, communication, and vehicle control, onto the same circuit board. This significantly reduces the number of wiring harnesses and interfaces in traditional distributed architectures, lowers wiring complexity and assembly difficulty, and effectively improves system integration. Simultaneously, the compact layout shortens signal transmission paths between modules, reduces signal loss and delay, and enhances data interaction efficiency. The collaborative operation of each module on the same circuit board enables efficient sharing of power and data, optimizing space utilization, reducing electromagnetic interference risks, improving system stability and reliability, and facilitating troubleshooting and maintenance. This comprehensively meets the intelligent and efficient development needs of electric two-wheelers.

[0071] The following description provides an example of the specific structures that each functional module in the controller 100 may have, but it is not intended to limit this application.

[0072] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 2 In one optional embodiment, the power supply module includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a voltage conversion unit 210, and a low-dropout regulator circuit 220. The first diode D1 is connected in series between a first power supply BAT and a first terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210; the second diode D2 is connected in series between a second power supply ACC and a first terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210; the second terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210 is connected to the first terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit 220; and the second terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit 220 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the main control module.

[0073] Optionally, the input of the power supply module 20 is powered by a combination of BAT power (the vehicle's main battery, typically 48V) and ACC power (linked to the vehicle's ignition switch, outputting 12V when the vehicle starts). Furthermore, the power supply module 20 internally includes a voltage conversion unit 210, used to convert the input power to a voltage suitable for each module. For example, 48V is converted to 3.3V to power the main control module, and 12V is converted to a suitable voltage to power other modules. Based on this, the first end of the voltage conversion unit 210 in the power supply module 20 is connected to the two input power sources of the power supply module 20, and the other end is connected to the main control module 10 and other modules.

[0074] To ensure that current flows only from the input power supply to the voltage conversion unit 210, this application also provides a diode between the input power supply and the voltage conversion unit 210 to prevent reverse current flow. Since the input terminals of the power supply module in this application include a first power supply (BAT) and a second power supply (ACC), a first diode and a second diode are provided.

[0075] Optionally, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first power supply BAT, and the cathode is connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second power supply ACC, and the cathode is connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210. In this way, the two power supplies are connected through diodes, so there will be no mutual interference between the power supplies. Furthermore, the current from the second power supply ACC through the second diode D2 and the current from the first power supply BAT through the first diode D1 merge before flowing to the voltage conversion unit 210.

[0076] Furthermore, the voltage conversion unit 210 can convert the (current) voltage input from the first power supply BAT or the second power supply ACC into a suitable voltage value to meet the needs of subsequent circuits. For example, the voltage conversion unit 210 can employ a circuit such as a DC-DC converter to implement the voltage conversion function.

[0077] To ensure that the power supply module 20 can provide a stable, low-ripple power supply to the main control module 10, this application also provides a low-dropout regulator circuit 220 between the voltage conversion unit 210 and the first output terminal A1 of the power supply module. The second terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210 is connected to the first terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit 220, and the second terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit 220 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the main control module. In this way, after the voltage conversion unit 210 converts the input voltage, the low-dropout regulator circuit 220 further regulates the voltage, thereby providing a stable power supply to the main control module 10 and meeting the increased power consumption requirements of the main control module 10 during vehicle startup.

[0078] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 3 Based on the above implementation, the power supply module 20 also includes a backup power supply 230, a power management unit 240, a charging unit 250, and a redundant power switching unit 260.

[0079] The first end of the charging unit 250 is connected to the second end of the voltage conversion unit 210. The second end of the charging unit 250 is connected to the first end E1 of the power management unit. The second end E2 of the power management unit is connected to the backup power supply 230. The third end E3 of the power management unit is connected to the redundant power switching unit 260. The redundant power switching unit 260 is also connected in series between the second end of the voltage conversion unit 210 and the first end of the low dropout voltage regulator circuit 220, and is also connected to the second end B2 of the switching module.

[0080] The charging unit 250 is used to transfer the electrical energy of the first power supply BAT to the backup power supply 230; the redundant power switching unit 260 is used to switch the backup power supply 230 to supply power to the main control module 10 and the communication module 40 when the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC are abnormal.

[0081] Optionally, the first end of the charging unit 250 is connected to the second end of the voltage conversion unit 210, and the second end of the charging unit is connected to the first end E1 of the power management unit. The second end E2 of the power management unit is connected to the backup power supply 230.

[0082] Thus, during normal vehicle operation, the first power supply (BAT) and the second power supply (ACC) provide power normally. The current from the first power supply (BAT) and the second power supply (ACC) merges and enters the voltage conversion unit 210. The voltage conversion unit 210 converts the input voltage to a suitable value, part of which powers the main control module 10; the other part is transmitted to the power management unit 240 through the charging unit 250. The power management unit 240 manages the charging of the backup power supply 230 according to its power status, ensuring that the backup power supply 230 is always fully charged or nearly fully charged.

[0083] Based on this, the third terminal E3 of the power management unit is connected to the redundant power switching unit 260. The redundant power switching unit 260 is also connected in series between the second terminal of the voltage conversion unit 210 and the first terminal of the low dropout regulator 220. In addition, it is also connected to the second terminal B2 of the switching module.

[0084] In this way, the redundant power switching unit 260 can monitor the power supply status of the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC in real time. When an abnormality is detected in the power supply of the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC (such as low voltage, power failure, etc.), the redundant power switching unit 260 can quickly switch the power supply line from the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC to the backup power supply 230, so as to continue to supply power to the main control module 10. Furthermore, after receiving power from the backup power supply 230, the switching module can continue to maintain power supply to the communication module 40, ensuring that the communication module 40 can continue to communicate with the outside world, such as uploading fault information to the cloud server.

[0085] Optionally, when the redundant power switching unit 260 detects that the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC have resumed normal power supply, that is, after detecting normal voltage signals from both power supplies, it will automatically switch the power supply line from the backup power supply 230 back to the first power supply BAT and the second power supply ACC. At the same time, the power management unit 240 will re-control the charging unit 250 to charge the backup power supply 230, restoring it to a fully charged state, in preparation for the next possible power supply failure.

[0086] By introducing a backup power supply 230, a power management unit 240, a charging unit 250, and a redundant power switching unit 260, the system can quickly and seamlessly switch to the backup power supply 230 in the event of an abnormal input power supply. This ensures the continuous operation of the main control module 10 and the communication module 40, preventing the vehicle control system from becoming paralyzed and communication from being interrupted due to power failure, thus providing strong protection for the safe operation of the vehicle. Simultaneously, the intelligent charging management of the backup power supply 230 by the power management unit 240 can also extend the service life of the backup power supply 230 and reduce vehicle maintenance costs.

[0087] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, the power supply module 20 further includes a boost unit 270 and a reverse power supply unit 280. The first terminal of the boost unit 270 is connected to the fourth terminal E4 of the power management unit, the second terminal of the boost unit 270 is connected to the first terminal of the reverse power supply unit 280, and the second terminal of the reverse power supply unit 280 is connected to the second power supply ACC. The boost unit 270 and the reverse power supply unit 280 work together to boost the power output from the backup power supply 230 and transmit the boosted power to the second power supply ACC, thus providing reverse power supply for modules dependent on the second power supply ACC.

[0088] Optionally, when the redundant power switching unit 260 detects an abnormality in the power supply of the second power supply ACC, such as low voltage, power interruption, or insufficient power supply to a module relying on the second power supply ACC, the power management unit 240 will connect the backup power supply 230 to the boost unit 270. At this time, the boost unit 270 will increase the voltage to an appropriate level according to a preset boost strategy. For example, if the backup power supply 230 outputs 12V, and the normal operating voltage of the second power supply ACC is 3V, the boost unit 270 will boost the voltage to 12V.

[0089] The boosted electrical energy is then transmitted to the reverse power supply unit 280. The reverse power supply unit 280 further processes and adjusts the electrical energy to ensure its quality meets the requirements of the second power supply ACC and its dependent modules. The boosted electrical energy is then delivered to the second power supply ACC to provide power support to the modules that rely on it, ensuring that these modules can continue to operate normally.

[0090] Optionally, when the redundant power switching unit 260 detects that the second power supply ACC has resumed normal power supply, or that its power supply capacity is sufficient to meet the needs of the dependent modules, the power management unit 240 will control the boost unit 270 and the reverse power supply unit 280 to stop working and return to standby mode. At the same time, the backup power supply 230 will re-enter the charging state to prepare for the next possible power supply failure.

[0091] When the second power supply ACC fails, by introducing the boost unit 270 and the reverse power supply unit 280, the backup power supply 230 can be used to quickly reverse power the relevant modules, avoiding the failure of some vehicle functions due to insufficient power supply, reducing the risk caused by power failure, and providing users with a more reliable user experience.

[0092] See also Figure 4 Based on the above implementation, the power supply module 20 further includes a voltage acquisition and protection unit 290; the voltage acquisition and protection unit 290 is connected in series between the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the main control module and the second power supply (ACC).

[0093] During vehicle operation, the voltage signal from the second power supply ACC is continuously input to the voltage acquisition and protection unit 290. The voltage acquisition and protection unit 290 can convert the 12V voltage into a low voltage signal (such as converting 12V to 3V) at a fixed ratio, and after filtering, transmit it to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the main control module.

[0094] Optionally, the main control module 10 can convert the digital signal acquired by the ADC into an actual voltage value through a built-in algorithm, monitor the voltage fluctuation of the second power supply ACC in real time, and coordinate with other modules to perform corresponding operations. For example, when the voltage of the second power supply ACC is detected to be continuously low, the main control module 10 can control the charging unit 250 to start pre-charging the backup power supply 230; if the voltage is abnormal, the backup power supply 230 will be triggered to supply power in reverse. Optionally, the main control module 10 can also determine the power supply recovery conditions by monitoring voltage data and switch back to the second power supply ACC in a timely manner.

[0095] This embodiment adds a voltage acquisition and protection unit 290, which provides dual protection for the power supply system from two aspects: supporting the main control module 10 to optimize the power supply strategy and resisting the risk of electrical anomalies. This significantly improves the anti-interference capability and stability of the vehicle power supply system.

[0096] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 5Based on the above embodiments, the communication module 40 includes a first communication unit 410 and a second communication unit 420; the antenna module includes a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2. The power supply terminals of the first communication unit 410 and the second communication unit 420 are respectively connected to the third terminal B3 of the switch module; the first communication unit 410 is also connected in series between the first communication terminal UART1 and the first antenna ANT1, and the second communication unit 420 is also connected in series between the first communication terminal UART1 and the second antenna ANT2; the first communication unit 420 and the first antenna ANT1 are used to implement cellular communication, and the second communication unit 420 and the second antenna ANT2 are used to implement non-cellular communication.

[0097] Optionally, the power supply terminals of the first communication unit 410 and the second communication unit 420 are both connected to the third terminal B3 of the switch module, indicating that the power supply of both communication units is controlled by the switch module 30. In other words, the switch module 30 can decide whether to supply power to the two communication units according to the instructions of the main control module 10, so as to realize flexible management and energy-saving control of the communication function. For example, when the main control module 10 determines that the communication function needs to be enabled, it sends an enable signal to the switch module 30 through the enable output terminal EN, the switch module 30 is turned on, and supplies power to the first communication unit 410 and the second communication unit 420 through the third terminal B3. Optionally, if the vehicle is in a specific state (such as a sleep state) and does not need the communication function, the main control module 10 can control the switch module 30 to cut off the power supply to the two communication units to reduce power consumption.

[0098] Furthermore, the first communication unit 410 is connected in series between the first communication terminal UART1 and the first antenna ANT1 of the main control module, and the second communication unit 420 is connected in series between the first communication terminal UART1 and the second antenna ANT2. In this way, both communication units can interact with the main control module and simultaneously achieve wireless communication with the outside world through their respective antennas.

[0099] Optionally, the first communication unit 410 and the first antenna ANT1 are combined to realize cellular communication, such as 4G or 5G network communication, and can be used for remote data transmission, communication with a cloud server, etc. For example, when remote data transmission or communication with a cloud server is required, the main control module sends data to the first communication unit 410 through the first communication terminal UART1. After the first communication unit 410 modulates and processes the data, it transmits it out in the form of a cellular network signal through the first antenna ANT1. When a signal from the cellular network is received, the first antenna ANT1 receives the signal, the first communication unit 410 demodulates and processes the signal, and then transmits the processed data to the main control module through the first communication terminal UART1.

[0100] Optionally, the second communication unit 420 and the second antenna ANT2 are combined to enable non-cellular communication, such as WiFi or Bluetooth, for short-range communication with nearby devices, such as connecting to the vehicle owner's mobile app. For example, when short-range communication with nearby devices is needed, such as connecting to the vehicle owner's mobile app, the main control module sends data to the second communication unit 420 via the first communication terminal UART1. The second communication unit 420 processes the data according to a non-cellular communication protocol (such as WiFi or Bluetooth) and then transmits it via the second antenna ANT2. Conversely, when a non-cellular signal is received from a nearby device, the second antenna ANT2 receives the signal, and the second communication unit 420 processes it accordingly before transmitting the data to the main control module.

[0101] The above-mentioned design, using dual communication units and dual antennas, combines cellular and non-cellular communication, ensuring that the vehicle can not only interact with remote cloud servers but also communicate with nearby devices, thus enhancing the vehicle's interactivity and user experience.

[0102] See also Figure 5 Based on the above embodiments, the communication module 40 further includes a positioning unit 430; the antenna module further includes a third antenna ANT3. The positioning unit 430 is connected in series between the second communication terminal UART2 of the main control module and the third antenna ANT3; the positioning unit 430 and the third antenna ANT3 are used to locate the controller 100.

[0103] In the controller 100 architecture, the communication module 40 adds a positioning unit 430 to the existing first communication unit 410 and second communication unit 420. The antenna module adds a third antenna ANT3 to the existing first antenna ANT1 and second antenna ANT2. Furthermore, the positioning unit 430 is connected in series between the second communication terminal UART2 of the main control module and the third antenna ANT3. This allows the positioning unit 430 to receive satellite signals through the third antenna ANT3 and simultaneously transmit the processed positioning data to the main control module 10 through the second communication terminal UART2, enabling the main control module 10 to further process and apply the data according to actual needs. For example, it can upload location information to a cloud server for remote vehicle tracking; or combine it with map data to provide navigation assistance to the driver.

[0104] See also Figure 5Based on the above implementation, the switching module includes a transistor Q1; the control electrode of the transistor Q1 is connected to the enable output terminal EN of the main control module, the first electrode of the transistor is connected to the second output terminal A2 of the power supply module, and the second electrode of the transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the communication module.

[0105] In this application, the switching module 30 is configured with a single transistor, achieving a simple structure and ease of implementation. For example, the first transistor Q1 is a MOSFET, which can be configured as a PMOS or NMOS transistor as needed.

[0106] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another controller provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 6 Based on the above implementation method, the control module includes one or more of the following units:

[0107] The controller local area network (CAN) interface circuit 510 is connected in series between the CAN terminal and the controller local area network (CLAN) terminal of the main control module. The CLAN terminal is also connected to various components in the vehicle that have the CLAN terminal, enabling communication with other CAN network components via the CAN interface. This allows the main control module 10 to perform stable and reliable information exchange with various relevant components of the vehicle. The CLAN terminal is located on the controller.

[0108] The input detection circuit 520 is connected in series between the first general-purpose input / output terminal GPIO1 of the main control module and the input button of the controller, and can be used to monitor the user's key input signal in real time.

[0109] The output drive circuit 530 is connected in series between the second general-purpose input / output terminal GPIO2 of the main control module and the output interface of the controller, and can convert the main control command into a drive signal to control the external device.

[0110] The first one-line communication bus 540 is connected in series between the third communication terminal UART3 of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The first one-line communication bus is also connected to various components in the vehicle that have the first interface terminal.

[0111] The second one-line communication bus 550 is connected in series between the fourth communication terminal UART4 of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The second one-line communication bus is also connected to various components in the vehicle that have the first interface terminal.

[0112] Two one-wire buses form a dual-channel redundant communication link. If one channel fails, the system can quickly switch to the other channel to maintain a stable communication connection.

[0113] The watchdog circuit 560 is connected to the third general purpose input / output terminal GPIO3 of the main control module. It can trigger a forced reset operation by acting on the reset pin of the main control module 10 (MCU), ensuring that the MCU can be restored to normal working state in a timely manner and effectively avoiding system paralysis caused by system crash.

[0114] The near-field communication unit 570 is connected in series between the serial peripheral interface (SPI) terminal of the main control module and the second interface terminal of the vehicle. It conducts contactless near-field communication with the NFC card key held by the user and uses an encryption algorithm to complete two-way security authentication for vehicle power-on and power-off, ensuring the security and convenience of operation.

[0115] The inertial measurement unit 580 is connected to the integrated circuit bus (IIC) of the main control module. By accurately sensing the vehicle's motion state, it provides a data foundation for vibration monitoring and inertial navigation algorithms, ensuring driving safety and stable system operation.

[0116] The throttle speed control signal acquisition unit 590 has its first end connected to the first analog-to-digital converter (VADC) of the main control module, its second end connected to the second analog-to-digital converter (CADC) of the main control module, and its third end connected to the third interface terminal of the vehicle. It is used to acquire the analog voltage of the throttle, convert the acquired analog voltage into a digital signal, and send it to the components that require the data via the CAN bus.

[0117] The ignition circuit 5100 is the enable circuit for the ignition lock power-on function, and is connected to the fourth general-purpose input / output terminal GPIO4 of the main control module. When the ignition lock needs to be powered on, the ignition circuit is turned on to turn on the second power supply ACC. The ignition circuit has a current limiting function. When the external drive circuit is short-circuited, the ignition circuit will enter the current limiting protection to prevent circuit damage caused by the external short circuit.

[0118] This application also provides a vehicle that includes the controller provided in any embodiment of this application, and has corresponding beneficial effects.

[0119] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0120] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A controller, characterized in that, This includes a main control module, a power supply module, a switch module, a communication module, and a control module, all mounted on the same circuit board. The first output terminal of the power supply module is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module; The control terminal of the switch module is connected to the enable output terminal of the main control module, the input terminal of the switch module is connected to the second output terminal of the power supply module, and the output terminal of the switch module is connected to the power supply terminal of the communication module. The first end of the communication module is connected to the antenna module, and the second end of the communication module is connected to the first communication end of the main control module. The control module is connected to the main control module and various components in the vehicle.

2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a first diode, a second diode, a voltage conversion unit, and a low-dropout regulator circuit. The first diode is connected in series between the first power supply and the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit, and the second diode is connected in series between the second power supply and the first terminal of the voltage conversion unit; The second terminal of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the first terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator circuit; The second terminal of the low-dropout regulator circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module.

3. The controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply module also includes a backup power supply, a power management unit, a charging unit, and a redundant power supply switching unit. The first end of the charging unit is connected to the second end of the voltage conversion unit, the second end of the charging unit is connected to the first end of the power management unit, and the second end of the power management unit is connected to the backup power supply. The charging unit is used to transfer the electrical energy of the first power supply to the backup power supply. The third terminal of the power management unit is connected to the redundant power switching unit, which is also connected in series between the second terminal of the voltage conversion unit and the first terminal of the low dropout regulator circuit, and is also connected to the second terminal of the switching module. The redundant power supply switching unit is used to switch the backup power supply to the main control module and the communication module when the first power supply and the second power supply are abnormal.

4. The controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply module also includes a boost unit and a reverse power supply unit; The first terminal of the boost unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the power management unit, the second terminal of the boost unit is connected to the first terminal of the reverse power supply unit, and the second terminal of the reverse power supply unit is connected to the second power supply. The boost unit and the reverse power supply unit work together to boost the electrical energy output by the backup power supply and transmit the boosted electrical energy to the second power supply, thereby providing reverse power supply to the module that relies on the second power supply.

5. The controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply module also includes a voltage acquisition and protection unit; The voltage acquisition and protection unit is connected in series between the analog-to-digital converter of the main control module and the second power supply.

6. The controller according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The communication module includes a first communication unit and a second communication unit; the antenna module includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The power supply terminals of the first communication unit and the second communication unit are respectively connected to the third terminal of the switch module; the first communication unit is also connected in series between the first communication terminal and the first antenna, and the second communication unit is also connected in series between the first communication terminal and the second antenna; The first communication unit and the first antenna are used to implement cellular communication, and the second communication unit and the second antenna are used to implement non-cellular communication.

7. The controller according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The communication module also includes a positioning unit; the antenna module also includes a third antenna. The positioning unit is connected in series between the second communication terminal of the main control module and the third antenna; the positioning unit and the third antenna are used to locate the controller.

8. The controller according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The switching module includes transistors; The control electrode of the transistor is connected to the enable output terminal of the main control module, the first electrode of the transistor is connected to the second output terminal of the power supply module, and the second electrode of the transistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the communication module.

9. The controller according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The control module includes one or more of the following units: A controller local area network (Controller Area Network) interface circuit is connected in series between the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal and the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal of the main control module. The Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal is also connected to various components in the vehicle that have the Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) terminal. An input detection circuit is connected in series between the first general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module and the input button of the controller; An output drive circuit is connected in series between the second general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module and the output interface of the controller. The first one-line communication bus is connected in series between the third communication terminal of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The one-line communication bus is also connected to each component in the vehicle that has the first interface terminal. The second one-line communication bus is connected in series between the fourth communication terminal of the main control module and the first interface terminal of the controller. The one-line communication bus is also connected to each component in the vehicle that has the first interface terminal. The watchdog circuit is connected to the third general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module; A near-field communication unit is connected in series between the serial peripheral interface terminal of the main control module and the second interface terminal of the vehicle; An inertial measurement unit is connected to the integrated circuit bus terminal of the main control module; A throttle speed control signal acquisition unit, wherein the first end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the first analog-to-digital converter of the main control module, the second end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the second analog-to-digital converter of the main control module, and the third end of the throttle speed control signal acquisition unit is connected to the third interface terminal of the vehicle. The ignition circuit is connected to the fourth general-purpose input / output terminal of the main control module.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The controller as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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