Integrated treatment equipment for in-situ treatment and granulation of urban fallen leaves

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of urban greening waste treatment, and particularly relates to integrated treatment equipment for in-situ treatment and granulation of urban fallen leaves. The utility model provides integrated treatment equipment for on-site treatment and granulation of urban fallen leaves, which integrates collection, crushing and granulation of fallen leaves. The device comprises a rack, a first-stage crushing device, a second-stage crushing device and a granulation device are arranged on the rack, and the device is characterized in that the input end of the first-stage crushing device is connected with a conveying device; the output end of the primary crushing equipment is connected with the input end of the secondary crushing equipment through a lifting device; the granulation equipment is positioned below the secondary crushing equipment, and the input end of the granulation equipment is in butt joint with the output end of the secondary crushing equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of urban greening waste treatment technology, specifically relating to an integrated treatment equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the treatment of urban fallen leaves faces major challenges. Statistical data shows that major cities in my country generate more than 20 million tons of green waste such as fallen leaves every year. Traditional treatment methods have many problems: (1) Transportation treatment mode, the transportation cost accounts for 60-70% of the total treatment cost, long-distance transportation causes secondary carbon emissions (an average of 8.5 kg of CO2 is emitted per ton of fallen leaves during transportation), and the accumulation at transfer stations can easily cause fire hazards and the growth of disease vectors; (2) Incineration treatment requires the addition of more than 30% of auxiliary fuel due to the low calorific value of fallen leaves, and produces harmful gases such as dioxins, and the cost of flue gas treatment is even higher; (3) Landfill treatment occupies land and produces methane, and is gradually being phased out; (4) Traditional composting takes 45-60 days, the C / N ratio is unbalanced and nitrogen source needs to be added for adjustment, and the promotion is limited due to factors such as incomplete classification and long cycle; (5) Biomass energy and straw co-fermentation to produce biogas has low technical maturity and its economic efficiency needs to be improved.

[0003] Currently, the main technical bottlenecks in my country's leaf litter processing are the seasonal surge in leaf litter production (over 70% of the annual output in autumn), large fluctuations in moisture content (35-65%), and high levels of impurities (often containing sand, plastic, metal, etc.). Regarding processing equipment, existing equipment is often limited in function, requiring multiple units to operate in series, and key components (such as crushing blades) suffer from insufficient wear resistance (lifespan <200 hours). Process defects are mainly reflected in low composting efficiency (traditional composting temperature <50℃) and low granulation rate (<70%).

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop integrated, modular, and intelligent on-site leaf processing equipment to achieve closed-loop management of "collection-processing-product". Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model addresses the aforementioned problems by providing an integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves, combining leaf collection, crushing, and granulation.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: the present invention includes a frame, on which a primary crushing device, a secondary crushing device and a granulation device are arranged. The feature is that: the input end of the primary crushing device is connected to a conveying device; the output end of the primary crushing device is connected to the input end of the secondary crushing device through a lifting device; the granulation device is located below the secondary crushing device, and the input end of the granulation device is connected to the output end of the secondary crushing device.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a stirring roller is provided in the primary crushing equipment corresponding to the input end of the primary crushing equipment, and two crushing rollers are provided below the stirring rollers, with a gap provided between the two crushing rollers.

[0008] Furthermore, a stripping roller is provided below the gap between the two crushing rollers; a gap is provided between the stripping roller and the two crushing rollers.

[0009] Furthermore, a dust cover is installed at the input end of the primary crushing equipment.

[0010] As another preferred embodiment of this utility model, the secondary crushing equipment is provided with a fixed extrusion roller and a movable extrusion roller corresponding to the input end of the secondary crushing equipment. The fixed extrusion roller is fixed inside the secondary crushing equipment, and the movable extrusion roller is set inside the secondary crushing equipment through a pressure regulating spring. The pressure of the pressure regulating spring keeps the movable extrusion roller in contact with the fixed extrusion roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the surfaces of the fixed extrusion roller and the movable extrusion roller are provided with mutually cooperating crushing teeth.

[0012] As a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the granulation equipment is provided with two granulation rollers, the surfaces of the two granulation rollers are provided with mutually cooperating extrusion teeth, the inside of the granulation rollers is a cavity, and the surface of the granulation rollers is provided with granulation holes that connect the inside and outside of the granulation rollers.

[0013] Furthermore, an observation port is provided on the side of the granulation equipment.

[0014] As a fourth preferred embodiment of this utility model, the conveying device includes a conveyor belt, the upper end of which is connected to the input end of the primary crushing equipment, and the lower end of which is provided with a material carrying hopper.

[0015] As a fifth preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower end of the lifting device is provided with a material collection hopper, and the upper end of the lifting device corresponds to the input end of the secondary crushing equipment; the material collection hopper is located below the output end of the primary crushing equipment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model solves the problem of large quantities of fallen leaves, high moisture content, and high impurity mixing rate generated in autumn through the primary powerful crushing action of the first-stage crushing equipment. It can quickly crush complex materials with high moisture content and impurities (stones, plastics, metals) in a short time, reducing the burden for subsequent processing. It also avoids the problem of excessive dust in the working environment.

[0017] 2. The primary crushing equipment of this utility model adopts a roller crushing method, which enables rapid crushing of primary processed materials and solves the technical problem of the difficulty in crushing wet materials.

[0018] 3. The granulation equipment of this utility model adopts the granulation hole extrusion method, which solves the shortcomings of insufficient wear resistance of key components (such as crushing blades) and low granulation rate in traditional processes, and solves the practical problem of frequent equipment maintenance.

[0019] 4. This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to deploy and move, and can realize the functions of on-site collection and on-site treatment, expand the treatment area, quickly reduce the volume of fallen leaves, reduce the labor intensity of sanitation workers, and return them to the soil on-site, which is conducive to ecological cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a primary crushing equipment.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a secondary crushing equipment.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the granulation equipment.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the granulation roller.

[0026] In the attached diagram, 1 is the frame, 2 is the conveying device, 3 is the primary crushing equipment, 4 is the lifting device, 5 is the secondary crushing equipment, 6 is the granulation equipment, 21 is the material carrying hopper, 22 is the conveyor belt, 31 is the stripping roller, 32 is the dust cover, 33 is the stirring roller, 34 is the crushing roller, 41 is the material collection hopper, 51 is the moving extrusion roller, 52 is the fixed extrusion roller, 61 is the granulation roller, 62 is the observation port, 521 is the pressure adjusting spring, 611 is the granulation hole, and 612 is the extrusion tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This utility model includes a frame 1, on which a primary crushing device 3, a secondary crushing device 5, and a granulation device 6 are mounted. The input end of the primary crushing device 3 is connected to a conveying device 2; the output end of the primary crushing device 3 is connected to the input end of the secondary crushing device 5 via a lifting device 4; the granulation device 6 is located below the secondary crushing device 5, and its input end is connected to the output end of the secondary crushing device 5. This design achieves integrated and continuous operation of the entire leaf processing process, simplifying the workflow, improving processing efficiency, and avoiding repeated material transfers.

[0028] A stirring roller 33 is provided at the input end of the primary crushing device 3, and two crushing rollers 34 are provided below the stirring roller 33, with a gap between the two crushing rollers 34. The stirring and pre-compression of the stirring roller 33, in conjunction with the gap between the crushing rollers 34, effectively disperses the material, while controlling the feeding rate, improving the primary crushing effect, and preventing large pieces of material from getting stuck.

[0029] A stripping roller 31 is provided below the gap between the two crushing rollers 34; a gap is provided between the stripping roller 31 and the two crushing rollers 34. The stripping roller 31 can prevent wet leaves from sticking to the crushing rollers 34, keep the equipment running smoothly, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0030] A dust cover 32 is installed at the input end of the primary crushing equipment 3. The dust cover 32 can effectively suppress dust overflow, ensure a clean operating environment, and improve the environmental friendliness and safety of the operation.

[0031] The secondary crushing device 5 is equipped with a fixed extrusion roller 52 and a movable extrusion roller 51 corresponding to the input end of the device. The fixed extrusion roller 52 is fixed inside the device, and the movable extrusion roller is positioned inside the device via a pressure regulating spring 521. The pressure of the pressure regulating spring 521 ensures that the movable extrusion roller is always in contact with the fixed extrusion roller 52. By adjusting the clamping force with the spring, it can automatically adapt to materials of different thicknesses, improving the adaptability and continuity of the secondary crushing process.

[0032] The fixed extrusion roller 52 and the movable extrusion roller 51 are provided with cooperating crushing teeth on their surfaces. The crushing teeth further enhance the material biting and shearing force, making the secondary crushing more thorough and the particles finer, which is beneficial for subsequent granulation.

[0033] The granulation equipment 6 is equipped with two granulation rollers 61. The surfaces of the two granulation rollers 61 are provided with mutually cooperating extrusion teeth 612. The granulation rollers 61 are hollow inside, and the surfaces of the granulation rollers 61 are provided with granulation holes 611 connecting the inside and outside of the granulation rollers 61. The optimized structure of the granulation rollers 61 effectively improves the granule forming rate, and the finished granules are uniform and dense, which is conducive to subsequent storage, transportation or reuse.

[0034] The granulation equipment 6 is provided with an observation port 62 on its side. This facilitates real-time monitoring of the granulation status and the internal operation of the equipment, improving maintenance convenience and operational safety.

[0035] The conveying device 2 includes a conveyor belt 22, the upper end of which is connected to the input end of the primary crushing equipment 3, and the lower end of the conveyor belt 22 is provided with a material-carrying hopper 21. The automatic conveying structure improves feeding efficiency, reduces labor costs, and ensures a continuous and stable feeding process.

[0036] The lower end of the lifting device 4 is equipped with a material collection hopper 41, and the upper end of the lifting device 4 corresponds to the input end of the secondary crushing equipment 5; the material collection hopper 41 is located below the output end of the primary crushing equipment 3. The material is temporarily stored in the collection hopper before being lifted, which optimizes the material flow path, avoids material scattering and blockage, and improves the overall operational reliability.

[0037] Example: Reference Figures 1-2 An integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves includes a frame 1, a conveying device 2, a primary crushing device 3, a lifting device 4, a secondary crushing device 5, and a granulation device 6. The primary crushing device 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1, and the secondary crushing device 5 is fixedly installed on the other side. The granulation device 6 is connected to the lower part of the secondary crushing device 5 and is fixedly installed on the frame 1 to maintain stability.

[0038] The conveying device 2 is located outside the primary crushing equipment 3, the material carrying hopper 21 is located on the ground, and the upper end of the conveyor belt 22 extends to the top of the feed inlet of the primary crushing equipment 3.

[0039] The lifting device 4 is set between the primary crushing equipment 3 and the secondary crushing equipment 5. The material collection hopper 41 of the lifting device 4 is set below the primary crushing equipment 3 to collect the primary crushed material. The top of the lifting device 4 is set above the feed inlet of the secondary crushing equipment 5. The lifting device 4 is fixedly set on the frame 1 to maintain stability. The lifting device 4 can be a screw feeding mechanism or another conveyor belt mechanism.

[0040] The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves is also designed with a control system that is electrically connected to the electrical components, facilitating collective control of the device by users.

[0041] refer to Figure 3 The primary crushing equipment 3 is designed as a four-roll crushing device, in which two crushing rollers 34 are parallel and located in the middle position, and the stirring roller 33 is located above the middle of the two crushing rollers 34 to homogenize and stir the material to prevent the material from piling up. The peeling roller 31 is located directly below the middle of the two crushing rollers 34 to peel off the primary crushed material to prevent it from sticking together, so as to ensure that the two crushing rollers 34 are not blocked by wet material and to ensure continuous operation of the equipment. A dust cover 32 is installed on the top of the primary crushing equipment 3 to prevent fallen leaves from scattering and to prevent dust.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 The secondary crushing equipment 5 is designed with a roller extrusion method. The fixed extrusion roller 52 and the movable extrusion roller 51 are hollow cylinders. The fixed extrusion roller 52 is fixed and driven by a motor. The movable extrusion roller 51 is movable. A pressure adjustment spring 521 is provided on the outside of the movable bearing of the movable extrusion roller 51 to avoid the phenomenon of seizing caused by uneven feeding speed.

[0043] refer to Figures 5-6 The granulation equipment 6 is designed as a circular film granulation method. The granulation roller 61 is a hollow cylinder. Several circular holes are provided in the groove between the teeth of the extrusion teeth 612 as granulation holes 611. After the crushed material is extruded by the granulation roller 61, it is squeezed into a cylindrical shape through the granulation holes 611 and rolled out on the center side of the granulation roller 61.

[0044] In use, the material enters the primary crushing equipment 3 via the conveyor belt 22, is stirred evenly by the mixing roller 33, and is then subjected to primary crushing of the material and impurities by the powerful crushing roller 34. The crushed material falls into the material collection hopper 41 of the lifting device 4 under the action of the stripping roller 31.

[0045] After the material is initially crushed, it enters the material collection hopper 41 and is then lifted by the lifting device 4 before entering the secondary crushing equipment 5.

[0046] After the primary processed material enters the secondary crushing equipment 5, it is further crushed and crushed by the action of the fixed extrusion roller 52 and the movable extrusion roller, and then automatically falls into the granulation equipment 6.

[0047] After being finely crushed, the material enters the granulation equipment 6 and is squeezed into granules by the granulation holes 611 of the granulation roller 61, and then thrown out from the center side of the granulation roller 61.

[0048] It is understood that the above specific description of this utility model is only used to illustrate this utility model and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to this utility model to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves, comprising a frame (1), wherein a primary crushing device (3), a secondary crushing device (5), and a granulation device (6) are mounted on the frame (1), characterized in that: The input end of the primary crushing device (3) is connected to the conveying device (2); the output end of the primary crushing device (3) is connected to the input end of the secondary crushing device (5) through the lifting device (4); the granulation device (6) is located below the secondary crushing device (5), and the input end of the granulation device (6) is connected to the output end of the secondary crushing device (5).

2. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary crushing equipment (3) is equipped with a stirring roller (33) at the input end corresponding to the primary crushing equipment (3), and two crushing rollers (34) are arranged below the stirring roller (33), with a gap between the two crushing rollers (34).

3. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stripping roller (31) is provided below the gap between the two crushing rollers (34); a gap is provided between the stripping roller (31) and the two crushing rollers (34).

4. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dust cover (32) is installed at the input end of the primary crushing equipment (3).

5. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary crushing equipment (5) is equipped with a fixed extrusion roller (52) and a movable extrusion roller (51) corresponding to the input end of the secondary crushing equipment (5). The fixed extrusion roller (52) is fixed in the secondary crushing equipment (5), and the movable extrusion roller is set in the secondary crushing equipment (5) through a pressure regulating spring (521). The pressure of the pressure regulating spring (521) makes the movable extrusion roller always fit with the fixed extrusion roller (52).

6. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surfaces of the fixed extrusion roller (52) and the movable extrusion roller (51) are provided with cooperating crushing teeth.

7. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The granulation equipment (6) is provided with two granulation rollers (61), and the surfaces of the two granulation rollers (61) are provided with mutually cooperating extrusion teeth (612). The granulation rollers (61) are hollow, and the surfaces of the granulation rollers (61) are provided with granulation holes (611) that connect the inside and outside of the granulation rollers (61).

8. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 7, characterized in that: The granulation equipment (6) is provided with an observation port (62) on the side.

9. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device (2) includes a conveyor belt (22), the upper end of which is connected to the input end of the primary crushing equipment (3), and the lower end of the conveyor belt (22) is provided with a material carrying hopper (21).

10. The integrated processing equipment for on-site processing and granulation of urban fallen leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the lifting device (4) is provided with a material collection hopper (41), and the upper end of the lifting device (4) corresponds to the input end of the secondary crushing equipment (5); the material collection hopper (41) is located below the output end of the primary crushing equipment (3).

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