Pneumatic positioning and clamping structure and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pneumatic positioning clamping structure and a machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of clamping tools, the pneumatic positioning clamping structure comprises a base, a sliding block, a pressing clamp and a pneumatic driving mechanism, the base is used as a bearing platform, a guide groove is formed in the base, the sliding block is driven to move through the internal pneumatic driving mechanism, and the pressing clamp is driven to complete angle adjustment and clamping actions. In the process of clamping a workpiece, the angle of the pressing clamp can be changed, and when the workpiece is placed, the pressing clamp can be kept in an inclined state, so that the placement of the workpiece is not influenced; when a workpiece is clamped, the two clamping parts are kept in a parallel state, and the workpiece is not prone to displacement in the clamping process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping tooling technology, specifically to a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure and machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, precise workpiece positioning and clamping are crucial for ensuring machining accuracy and efficiency. Traditional clamping devices generally suffer from the following problems: clamping mechanisms are mostly fixed or manually adjustable, requiring manual rotation of the lead screw to drive the clamps to fix the workpiece, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of rapid clamping; during clamping, the clamping surface is not parallel to the workpiece surface, which can easily lead to workpiece displacement and increase machining errors; the clamping space is insufficient, making it difficult to insert the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure and machine tool. By designing an angle adjustment groove, the angle of the clamping clamp can be varied during the clamping process, facilitating workpiece placement and reducing the possibility of workpiece displacement.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure, comprising:

[0005] A base, wherein a guide groove is provided on one side of the base and a first clamping part is provided on the top of the base;

[0006] The slider is slidably mounted in the guide groove;

[0007] A clamp, one end of which is hinged to a slider, and the other end of which is provided with a second clamping part that cooperates with the first clamping part;

[0008] An angle adjustment groove is provided on the base, and a limit pin is slidably installed in the angle adjustment groove on the clamp.

[0009] A pneumatic drive mechanism is disposed within the base and is used to drive the slider to move in the guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the pneumatic drive mechanism includes:

[0011] The piston has a cavity at the end of the base away from the guide groove, and the piston is slidably and sealingly installed in the cavity.

[0012] A rod, one end of which is fixed to the piston, and the other end passes through the inner wall of the base between the cavity and the guide groove and is connected to the slider;

[0013] A sealing cap is disposed on the top of the cavity, and the first clamping part is located on the sealing cap;

[0014] An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the base and communicates with the cavity between the piston and the sealing cap. The air inlet is used to connect to an external air tank.

[0015] Preferably, a spring is fitted onto the rod inside the cavity, and the spring is used to push the piston to reset.

[0016] Preferably, the top edge of the cavity is provided with a step, the sealing cover rests on the step, and a sealing gasket is provided between the step and the sealing cover.

[0017] Preferably, the angle adjustment groove includes a vertical section and an inclined section, and the length direction of the vertical section is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider in the guide groove.

[0018] Preferably, the end of the clamp away from the slider is L-shaped, and when the limiting pin is in the vertical section, the first clamping part is parallel to the second clamping part.

[0019] Preferably, rubber pads are fixed on both the first clamping part and the second clamping part.

[0020] Preferably, the rubber pad is provided with anti-slip protrusions.

[0021] Preferably, the base has ear plates fixed on both sides of its bottom for connecting to the machine tool.

[0022] A machine tool comprising the above-described pneumatic positioning and clamping structure.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] This invention features a base and clamps. When the slider slides along the guide groove under the action of the pneumatic drive mechanism, it can drive the clamps to move. Since the clamps are also limited by the limiting pin and the angle adjustment groove, the angle changes as the clamps move with the slider due to the change in the position of the limiting pin in the angle adjustment groove. This allows the top of the clamps to be offset from the top of the base when no clamping operation is being performed, facilitating the placement of the workpiece on the second clamping part. When clamping operation begins, the pneumatic drive mechanism drives the slider to move, causing the clamps to rotate until the first clamping part is parallel to the second clamping part. The system is designed to maintain a parallel state and then gradually clamp the workpiece, thereby preventing workpiece displacement during clamping. The pneumatic drive mechanism of this invention is pneumatic, with a cavity opened in the base and a piston slidably installed in the cavity. The cavity is sealed with a sealing cover on the top of the base. The piston is connected to the slider through a rod. When air is injected into the cavity, the piston pushes the rod to move under the action of air pressure, causing the slider to move in the guide groove and driving the clamping jaws to perform clamping action. When sufficient air pressure is lost, the piston returns to its original position under the action of a spring. This makes the clamping and disassembly process of this invention convenient and quick. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the first clamping part is offset from the second clamping part.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention when the first clamping part and the second clamping part are parallel.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention when the first clamping part and the second clamping part are attached.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention when the first clamping part and the second clamping part are misaligned.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of this utility model after the sealing cap has been removed.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the present invention from a low angle.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Base, 2. Guide groove, 3. Slider, 4. Clamping clamp, 5. First clamping part, 6. Second clamping part, 7. Angle adjustment groove, 71. Vertical section, 72. Inclined section, 8. Limiting pin, 9. Cavity, 10. Piston, 11. Rod, 12. Sealing cover, 13. Air inlet, 14. Spring, 15. Step, 16. Sealing gasket, 17. Rubber gasket, 18. Ear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, Embodiment 1 of this utility model provides a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure, including a base 1, a slider 3, a clamp 4, and a pneumatic drive mechanism. The base 1 serves as an integral support platform, with a guide groove 2 on one side to limit the linear motion trajectory of the slider 3. A first clamping part 5 is provided at the top, and fixed ear plates 18 on both sides of the bottom are used for connection with a machine tool. The slider 3 is slidably installed in the guide groove 2 and is hinged to the clamp 4 via a hinge shaft. A second clamping part 6 is provided at the L-shaped end of the top of the clamp 4.

[0038] When the pneumatic drive mechanism drives the slider 3 to move along the guide groove 2, the clamp 4 is moved by the slider 3. An angle adjustment groove 7 is provided on the base 1, consisting of a vertical section 71 and an inclined section 72. The length direction of the vertical section 71 is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider 3, and the inclined section 72 is connected to the vertical section 71 and located diagonally above it. When the slider 3 moves the clamp 4, the limiting pin 8 on the clamp 4 also moves within the angle adjustment groove 7.

[0039] In the initial state, the clamp 4 remains tilted because the limiting pin 8 is located in the inclined section 72 of the angle adjustment groove 7. At this time, the first clamping part 5 is fully exposed above the base 1, making it convenient for the operator to place the workpiece directly and avoiding the second clamping part 6 of the clamp from obstructing the space. When the slider 3 starts to move, the limiting pin 8 begins to move in the inclined section 72. At this time, the clamp 4 will rotate around the hinge axis, driving the second clamping part 6 to move closer to the first clamping part 5. When the slider 3 moves further, causing the limiting pin 8 to enter the vertical section 71, the second clamping part 6 rotates to a state parallel to the first clamping part 5, entering the clamping preparation stage. When the slider 3 continues to move, the limiting pin 8 moves along the vertical section 71. At this time, the angle between the clamp 4 and the slider 3 remains unchanged, and the second clamping part 6 maintains a parallel relationship with the first clamping part 5 and moves closer to the first clamping part 5. The two cooperate to clamp the workpiece.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] Based on Embodiment 1, the pneumatic drive mechanism designed in this utility model consists of a piston 10, a rod 11, a spring 14, and a sealing assembly. A cavity 9 is formed at the end of the base 1 furthest from the guide groove 2. A step 15 is formed at the top of the cavity 9, and a sealing gasket 16 is installed on the step 15 to prevent gas leakage and improve airtightness. A sealing cover 12 is bolted to the step 15 and presses against the sealing gasket 16. In this case, the sealing cover 12 serves as the first clamping part 5. A sealing ring is fitted onto the piston 10, and the piston 10 is slidably and sealingly installed in the cavity 9. One end of the rod 11 is fixed to the bottom of the piston 10, and the other end passes through the bottom of the cavity 9 and is fixedly connected to the slider 3. The spring 14 is fitted onto the rod 11 inside the cavity 9.

[0042] An air inlet 13 is provided on the side wall of the cavity 9 between the sealing cover 12 and the piston 10. Compressed air can be injected into the cavity 9 through the air inlet 13 using an air canister. Under the influence of pressure, the piston 10 compresses the spring 14 and pushes the rod 11 and the slider 3 to move downward, thereby driving the clamping clamp 4 to complete the clamping action. When the air pressure is insufficient or the air supply is interrupted, the spring 14 pushes the piston 10 to reset, and the slider 3 retracts to the initial position, releasing the workpiece.

[0043] Both the first clamping part 5 and the second clamping part 6 are fixed with polyurethane rubber pads 17, with anti-slip protrusions machined on the surface. This increases friction to prevent the workpiece from sliding and also buffers clamping impacts to protect the workpiece surface.

[0044] Workflow: At the start of clamping, air is introduced into cavity 9. The air pressure pushes piston 10 to move, causing slider 3 to move. Clamping jaw 4 rotates to a vertical position as slider 3 moves, with the second clamping part 6 on clamping jaw 4 parallel to the first clamping part 5. Subsequently, slider 3 continues to move, and the first clamping part 5 and the second clamping part 6 close to clamp the workpiece. After processing, the air is cut off, reducing the air pressure inside cavity 9. Spring 14 drives piston 10 to reset, causing slider 3 to retract. Clamping jaw 4 returns to its tilted state due to limit pin 8 re-entering the tilting section 72, releasing the workpiece.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, this utility model proposes a machine tool that adopts the pneumatic positioning and clamping structure in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 to achieve rapid clamping of workpieces.

[0047] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A pneumatic positioning and clamping structure, characterized in that, include: A base, wherein a guide groove is provided on one side of the base and a first clamping part is provided on the top of the base; The slider is slidably mounted in the guide groove; A clamp, one end of which is hinged to a slider, and the other end of which is provided with a second clamping part that cooperates with the first clamping part; An angle adjustment groove is provided on the base, and a limit pin is slidably installed in the angle adjustment groove on the clamp. A pneumatic drive mechanism is disposed within the base and is used to drive the slider to move in the guide groove.

2. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic drive mechanism includes: The piston has a cavity at the end of the base away from the guide groove, and the piston is slidably and sealingly installed in the cavity. A rod, one end of which is fixed to the piston, and the other end passes through the inner wall of the base between the cavity and the guide groove and is connected to the slider; A sealing cap is disposed on the top of the cavity, and the first clamping part is located on the sealing cap; An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the base and communicates with the cavity between the piston and the sealing cap. The air inlet is used to connect to an external air tank.

3. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A spring is fitted onto the rod inside the cavity, and the spring is used to push the piston to reset.

4. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top edge of the cavity is provided with a step, the sealing cover rests against the step, and a sealing gasket is provided between the step and the sealing cover.

5. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle adjustment groove includes a vertical section and an inclined section, and the length direction of the vertical section is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider in the guide groove.

6. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the clamp away from the slider is L-shaped. When the limiting pin is in the vertical section, the first clamping part is parallel to the second clamping part.

7. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Rubber pads are fixed on both the first clamping part and the second clamping part.

8. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rubber pad is provided with anti-slip protrusions.

9. The pneumatic positioning and clamping structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base has ear plates fixed on both sides of its bottom for connecting machine tools.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that, The invention includes a pneumatic positioning and clamping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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