Elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision

Abstract

The utility model discloses an elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision, which belongs to the technical field of elevator detection and comprises a support frame, an adjusting rod, a horizontal adjusting component and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, the adjusting rod, the horizontal adjusting component and the CCD camera are positioned on the support frame, the adjusting rod is vertically fixed on the support frame, and the horizontal adjusting component is movably connected with the adjusting rod. The horizontal adjusting assembly comprises a mounting shell, a gear shaft and racks, the gear shaft and the racks are located in the mounting shell, the two sets of racks are symmetrical about the center of the gear shaft and meshed with the gear shaft, connecting rods are arranged on the side faces of the racks, the two sets of CCD cameras are connected with the connecting rods respectively, the CCD cameras are located on the same horizontal line, and the CCD cameras are located on the same horizontal line. The two sets of CCD cameras synchronously adjust the horizontal distance through the horizontal adjusting assembly. The band-type brake gap shooting device can be suitable for shooting band-type brake gaps in narrow places, shooting accuracy is improved, meanwhile, the two sets of CCD cameras can be synchronously adjusted, and adjusting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of elevator inspection technology, and in particular relates to an elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, the direct cause of elevator brake malfunction is that the brake shoes fail to close effectively, or the braking force provided after closure is insufficient. If the brake shoes malfunction and fail to close, a gap will always exist between the brake wheel and the brake shoes, whether the elevator is running or stopped. Insufficient braking force is often caused by excessive wear of the brake shoes, which results in an excessively large gap between the brake shoes and the brake wheel when the brake shoes open. Therefore, by checking the gap between the brake wheel and the brake shoes, it is possible to determine whether the elevator brake is working properly, thus identifying potential problems in a timely manner.

[0003] There are various methods for measuring gaps, including traditional manual measurement, eddy current measurement, and capacitive sensor measurement. Since the brake wheel of an elevator is constantly rotating during operation, traditional manual measurement methods are insufficient to measure the gap between the rotating brake wheel and the brake shoe. Capacitive sensor measurement calculates the distance between two measuring surfaces by measuring the capacitance formed by two plates mounted on the measuring surface. However, because the brake wheel may be rotating during the measurement, it's impossible to guarantee that the measuring device on the brake wheel side and the measuring device on the brake shoe side remain aligned. Eddy current sensor measurement detects the influence of eddy currents generated on the surface of a metal conductor on the magnitude and phase of the current in the metal probe, thus obtaining the distance between the probe and the metal surface. This method requires the probe to be directly facing the surface of the brake wheel, and the sensor needs to be mechanically installed on the brake shoe relative to the brake wheel surface. This installation process can affect the original structure of the brake shoe, potentially creating new safety hazards.

[0004] Chinese patent CN112197715B discloses an image recognition-based method for detecting the gap between the elevator brake wheel and brake shoe. The method uses image processing to measure the arc-shaped gap width between the elevator brake wheel and brake shoe in a non-contact manner, thereby obtaining the current opening and closing status of the brake wheel and brake shoe and realizing real-time monitoring of the working status of the elevator brake shoe.

[0005] The above-mentioned solution involves using cameras for detection. However, in existing vertical elevators, most drum brakes are located in the machine room and rigidly connected to the traction machine base with bolts; some elevator brake drums are installed at the bottom of the elevator shaft and car. For drum brakes in the machine room, installing a camera is relatively convenient, requiring only placement on one side of the brake shoe. However, for drum brakes at the bottom of the car, the limited space makes camera installation more difficult, necessitating placing the camera as close to the brake as possible to minimize space occupation. However, excessively close placement results in a smaller camera image, preventing the capture of the entire brake shoe at once. While introducing a wide-angle lens can expand the field of view, it may introduce edge distortion (such as barrel distortion), causing distortion of object proportions in the image and affecting the accuracy of subsequent algorithm measurements.

[0006] Therefore, two sets of cameras are needed to separately photograph the brake gaps on both sides. This places demands on the installation, requiring both cameras to be placed symmetrically simultaneously, increasing the installation workload and making it difficult to quickly and easily adjust the two cameras synchronously. Therefore, a detection device is needed that can be easily deployed in confined spaces while also allowing for convenient camera adjustment. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0008] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A machine vision-based elevator brake fault detection device includes a support frame and an adjusting rod, a horizontal adjustment assembly, and a CCD camera located on the support frame. The support frame is located on one side of the brake shoe, the adjusting rod is vertically fixed to the support frame, and the horizontal adjustment assembly is movably connected to the adjusting rod.

[0010] The horizontal adjustment assembly includes a mounting housing and a gear shaft and rack located inside the mounting housing. The gear shaft is located at the center of the mounting housing and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing. Two sets of racks are symmetrical about the center of the gear shaft and mesh with the gear shaft. A connecting rod is provided on the side of the rack, and the connecting rod extends out of the mounting housing. Two sets of CCD cameras are respectively connected to one of the connecting rods. The CCD cameras are on the same horizontal line, and the two sets of CCD cameras synchronously adjust the horizontal distance through the horizontal adjustment assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, a dovetail block is provided on the side of the rack near the inner wall of the mounting housing, and a slider is provided on the mounting housing corresponding to the position of the dovetail block. The slider is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the dovetail block, and the rack is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing through the dovetail block and the slider.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection between the slider and the dovetail block is a dovetail-shaped structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting housing has a slot corresponding to the position of the connecting rod, and the mounting housing has an opening on one side corresponding to the rack.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the mounting housing furthest from the CCD camera is connected to the adjusting rod via a locking fastener.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting housing is provided with a laser locator at the center of one side of the CCD camera, and the laser locator is provided with crosshairs.

[0016] Furthermore, the support frame is a tripod structure.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] The two sets of CCD cameras are synchronized to move closer or further apart by using a gear shaft and rack. By adjusting the CCD camera on one side to align with the brake gap, the CCD camera on the other side can also be synchronized to align with the brake gap on the other side.

[0019] The CCD camera can be positioned as close as possible to the drum brake via a support bracket, minimizing its space requirements and making it suitable for narrow spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of a drum brake.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of an elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view of the horizontal adjustment component in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal adjustment component in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a front view of the horizontal adjustment component in this utility model;

[0025] In the diagram, 1-drum brake, 11-brake clearance, 2-support frame, 3-adjusting rod, 31-locking fastener, 4-level adjustment assembly, 41-gear shaft, 42-rack, 43-slider, 44-connecting rod, 45-slot, 46-mounting housing, 47-laser positioner, 5-CCD camera. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 The image shows a front view of the drum brake 1. The drum brake 1 used for elevator braking is relatively large. Given the limited space for installing the detection device, it is necessary to take photos of the brake gap 11 on both sides during the braking process.

[0028] like Figures 2-5 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: an elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision, including a support frame 2 and an adjusting rod 3, a horizontal adjusting component 4 and a CCD camera 5 located on the support frame 2. The support frame 2 is located on one side of the brake shoe, the adjusting rod 3 is vertically fixed on the support frame 2, and the horizontal adjusting component 4 is movably connected to the adjusting rod 3.

[0029] The horizontal adjustment assembly 4 includes a mounting housing 46 and a gear shaft 41 and a rack 42 located inside the mounting housing 46. The gear shaft 41 is located at the center of the mounting housing 46 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing 46. The two sets of racks 42 are symmetrical about the center of the gear shaft 41 and mesh with the gear shaft 41. A connecting rod 44 is provided on the side of the rack 42. The connecting rod 44 extends out of the mounting housing 46. The two sets of CCD cameras 5 are respectively connected to one of the connecting rods 44. The CCD cameras 5 are on the same horizontal line.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the CCD camera 5 is placed on one side of the drum brake 1 and as close as possible via the support frame 2, minimizing space occupation and making it suitable for narrow spaces. Simultaneously, the CCD camera 5 and the horizontal adjustment component 4 can be adjusted together in height via the adjustment rod 3, and the two sets of CCD cameras 5 can be simultaneously adjusted in horizontal distance via the horizontal adjustment component 4. This allows for accurate alignment of the two CCD cameras 5 with the brake gaps 11 on both sides, avoiding the need to adjust the two sets of CCD cameras 5 separately and improving adjustment efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, a dovetail block is provided on the side of the rack 42 near the inner wall of the mounting housing 46, and a slider 43 is provided on the mounting housing 46 corresponding to the position of the dovetail block. The slider 43 has a groove that mates with the dovetail block, and the rack 42 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing 46 through the dovetail block and the slider 43. The connection between the slider 43 and the dovetail block is a dovetail-shaped structure. The mounting housing 46 has a slot 45 corresponding to the position of the connecting rod 44, and an opening is provided on the side of the mounting housing 46 corresponding to the rack 42.

[0032] With the above technical solution, after the CCD camera 5 is fixed on the connecting rod 44, the CCD camera 5 on one side is slid along the slot 45 to align with the corresponding brake gap 11. At this time, the corresponding rack 42 moves with the CCD camera 5. The rack 42 slides in the groove of the slider 43 through the dovetail block. The slider 43 and the dovetail block can ensure that the rack 42 will not fall off the slider 43 and move smoothly, while also providing support for the rack 42 located above.

[0033] When one rack 42 moves, it drives the meshing gear shaft 41 to rotate, which in turn drives the other rack 42 to slide synchronously, thereby driving the other set of CCD cameras 5 to move. The gear shaft 41 and rack 42 enable the two sets of CCD cameras 5 to move closer or further away synchronously. After the support frame 2 is fixed on the central axis of the drum brake 1, by adjusting the CCD camera 5 on one side to align with the brake gap 11, the CCD camera 5 on the other side can also be synchronously aligned with the brake gap 11 on the other side.

[0034] Furthermore, the side of the mounting housing 46 away from the CCD camera 5 is connected to the adjusting rod 3 via a locking fastener 31.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, the locking fastener 31 can drive the horizontal adjustment component 4 and the CCD camera 5 to slide vertically on the adjustment rod 3. After the height is adjusted, the locking fastener 31 can be fixed by screws to ensure that the CCD camera 5 maintains its temperature during shooting.

[0036] Furthermore, the mounting housing 46 is provided with a laser locator 47 at the center of one side of the CCD camera 5, and the laser locator 47 is provided with crosshairs.

[0037] Using the above technical solution, when deploying the CCD camera 5, first connect the CCD camera 5 to the connecting rod 44, then install the horizontal adjustment component 4 and the adjustment rod 3, and finally place the support frame 2 on one side of the drum brake 1. At this time, the position of the CCD camera 5 and the brake gap 11 is determined by the laser positioner 47 located in the center, and the crosshairs of the laser positioner 47 facilitate adjustment and positioning. After the support frame 2 is placed at a suitable distance, continue to adjust the height of the CCD camera 5 on the adjustment rod 3 by using the laser positioner 47. After adjustment, lock it with the locking fastener 31. At this time, the CCD camera 5 only needs to be adjusted to align the horizontal distance with the brake gap 11.

[0038] Furthermore, the support frame 2 is a tripod structure, which ensures stable support for the CCD camera 5 and the horizontal adjustment component 4 above.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A machine vision-based elevator brake fault detection device, characterized in that: Includes a support frame (2), an adjusting rod (3) located on the support frame (2), a horizontal adjusting assembly (4), and a CCD camera (5). The support frame (2) is located on one side of the brake shoe. The adjusting rod (3) is vertically fixed on the support frame (2). The horizontal adjusting assembly (4) is movably connected to the adjusting rod (3). The horizontal adjustment component (4) includes a mounting shell (46) and a gear shaft (41) and a rack (42) located inside the mounting shell (46). The gear shaft (41) is located at the center of the mounting shell (46) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell (46). Two sets of racks (42) are symmetrical about the center of the gear shaft (41) and mesh with the gear shaft (41). A connecting rod (44) is provided on the side of the rack (42). The connecting rod (44) extends out of the mounting shell (46). Two sets of CCD cameras (5) are respectively connected to one of the connecting rods (44). The CCD cameras (5) are on the same horizontal line. The two sets of CCD cameras (5) adjust the horizontal distance synchronously through the horizontal adjustment component (4).

2. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (42) has a dovetail block on the side near the inner wall of the mounting shell (46). The mounting shell (46) has a slider (43) corresponding to the position of the dovetail block. The slider (43) has a groove that cooperates with the dovetail block. The rack (42) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell (46) through the dovetail block and the slider (43).

3. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection between the slider (43) and the dovetail block is a dovetail-shaped structure.

4. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting shell (46) has a slot (45) corresponding to the position of the connecting rod (44), and the mounting shell (46) has an opening on one side corresponding to the rack (42).

5. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting housing (46) on the side away from the CCD camera (5) is connected to the adjusting rod (3) via a locking fastener (31).

6. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting housing (46) is provided with a laser locator (47) at the center of one side of the CCD camera (5), and the laser locator (47) is provided with crosshairs.

7. The elevator brake fault detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (2) is a tripod structure.

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