Battery pack frame structure, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack frame structure, a battery pack and a vehicle, the frame structure comprises a longitudinal frame, the longitudinal frame comprises a mounting part, the mounting part is provided with a mounting cavity, the mounting part comprises a plurality of mounting partition plates located in the mounting cavity, and the mounting partition plates are sequentially arranged in the width direction of the vehicle to divide the mounting cavity into a plurality of mounting energy absorption cavities; the force transmission part comprises a force transmission body and force transmission crumple plates, and the upper side and the lower side of the force transmission body are connected with the force transmission crumple plates; the two sides, in the width direction of the vehicle body, of the connecting part are connected to the force transmission body and the hanging part correspondingly, the connecting part comprises a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a connecting crumple plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are obliquely arranged and are opposite in inclination direction; in the height direction, the top of the first connecting plate and the top of the force transmission body extend out of the hanging part, and the thickness of the connecting crumple plate, the thickness of the hanging partition plate and the thickness of the force transmission crumple plate are sequentially increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery pack technology, specifically relating to a battery pack frame structure, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The lower casing of the battery pack, as the main structural component of the entire pack, provides housing space for the internal components and serves as the mounting platform for all parts. The frame of the lower casing provides mechanical protection. Battery pack crush tests and vehicle-level pole impact tests are important evaluation criteria for assessing the strength of the mechanical protection design of the lower casing frame.

[0003] Existing battery pack frames often have a cavity structure, which is very strong. Under small impact forces in a side collision with a vehicle, they generally do not deform and will directly transfer the impact force to the battery cells, thereby damaging the battery cells and posing a great safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem that battery cells are easily damaged by small impact forces on the frame, this application provides a battery pack frame structure, a battery pack, and a vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect of this application, a battery pack frame structure is provided, including a vertical frame, the vertical frame comprising:

[0006] The mounting section is provided with a mounting cavity. The mounting section includes multiple mounting partitions located in the mounting cavity. The multiple mounting partitions are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle to divide the mounting cavity into multiple mounting energy-absorbing cavities.

[0007] The force transmission part includes a force transmission body and a force transmission collapse plate, wherein the force transmission collapse plate is connected to both the upper and lower sides of the force transmission body.

[0008] The connecting part is connected to the force transmission body and the mounting part on both sides along the width direction of the vehicle body, and includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a connecting crumple plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are both inclined and in opposite directions. The upper end of the first connecting plate is connected to the force transmission body.

[0009] Along the height direction, the tops of the first connecting plate and the force transmission body both extend out of the mounting portion, and the thicknesses of the connecting collapsible plate, the mounting partition, and the force transmission collapsible plate increase sequentially.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connecting portion further includes a connecting partition, which is connected to the mounting portion and the force transmission body, and is located between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate;

[0011] Along the width direction of the vehicle body, the lower end of the first connecting plate and the upper end of the second connecting plate are positioned correspondingly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lower end of the first connecting plate, the connecting partition, and the upper end of the second connecting plate are all close to the top of the mounting portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the force transmission part includes a first force transmission area, a second force transmission area and a third force transmission area arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle. The first force transmission area is close to the connecting part, and the force transmission collapsible plate is provided on both the top and bottom sides of the first force transmission area.

[0014] Along the height direction, the size of the third force transmission zone is larger than the size of the second force transmission zone;

[0015] The bottoms of the first force transmission zone, the second force transmission zone, and the third force transmission zone are flush.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first force transmission zone is provided with a first force transmission cavity, a first force transmission energy absorption cavity and a second force transmission energy absorption cavity, the first force transmission energy absorption cavity and the second force transmission energy absorption cavity being located above and below the first force transmission cavity, and the top wall of the first force transmission energy absorption cavity and the bottom wall of the second force transmission energy absorption cavity both constituting the force transmission collapse plate.

[0017] The force transmission collapsible plate is provided on the bottom side of the second force transmission zone.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second force transmission zone is provided with a second force transmission cavity and a third force transmission energy absorption cavity arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the cavity wall located on the bottom side of the third force transmission energy absorption cavity constitutes the force transmission collapse plate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the third force transmission zone is provided with a third force transmission cavity, the cross-sections of the first force transmission cavity and the third force transmission cavity are both right-angled triangles, and the cross-section of the second force transmission cavity is rectangular.

[0020] The thicknesses of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the first force transmission cavity, and the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the third force transmission cavity increase sequentially.

[0021] In some embodiments, the longitudinal frame further includes a support portion connected to the upper side of the force-transmitting body.

[0022] In a second aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, comprising:

[0023] The first aspect is the battery pack frame structure;

[0024] A battery cell is located within the frame, and there is a gap between the battery cell and the side of the force transmission part away from the mounting part.

[0025] In a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including the battery pack of the second aspect.

[0026] The battery pack frame structure provided in this application includes a longitudinal frame, which comprises a mounting section, a force transmission section, and a connecting section. The mounting section has a mounting cavity and includes multiple mounting partitions located within the mounting cavity. These partitions are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the vehicle to divide the mounting cavity into multiple energy-absorbing mounting cavities. The force transmission section includes a force transmission body and force transmission collapse plates, with force transmission collapse plates connected to both the upper and lower sides of the force transmission body. The connecting section connects to the force transmission body and the mounting section on both sides along the width direction of the vehicle body, and includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and a connecting collapse plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Both the first and second connecting plates are inclined in opposite directions, and the upper end of the first connecting plate is connected to the force transmission body. Along the height direction, the tops of both the first connecting plate and the force transmission body extend beyond the mounting section, and the thicknesses of the connecting collapse plates, the mounting partitions, and the force transmission collapse plates increase sequentially.

[0027] Since the thickness of the connecting crumple plate, the mounting partition plate, and the force transmission crumple plate increases in that order, the connecting crumple plate has the weakest strength, the mounting partition plate has the second strongest strength, and the force transmission crumple plate has the strongest strength.

[0028] Under conditions of significant lateral impact, the impact force is sequentially transmitted from the mounting portion of the frame structure to the connecting portion and the force transmission portion, and finally to the battery cells of the battery pack. Since the connecting crumple plate of the connecting portion is the weakest, it collapses first to absorb energy, followed by the mounting plate and the force transmission crumple plate. This achieves phased absorption of impact energy, with the connecting portion in the middle collapsing first, the mounting portion at the edge collapsing next, and the force transmission portion near the battery cells collapsing last. This allows the connecting crumple plate in the middle of the frame to begin deforming and absorbing energy at the initial stage of the impact. As the impact intensifies, the more robust mounting portion continues to absorb energy, and then the force transmission crumple plate in the force transmission portion collapses to absorb energy, effectively reducing the impact load transmitted to the inside of the battery pack and reducing the direct impact on the battery modules and high-voltage components.

[0029] When the side impact force is relatively small, some structures collapse to absorb energy, preventing the impact force from being transmitted to the battery cell, thus protecting the cell. For example, in the case of a very small side impact force, only the connecting collapse plate may collapse to absorb energy. In the case of a slightly larger side impact force, both the connecting collapse plate and the mounting partition may collapse to absorb energy. In the case of an even larger side impact force, the connecting collapse plate, the mounting partition, and the force-transmitting collapse plate may all collapse to absorb energy in sequence.

[0030] Because the top of the mounting section is lower than the top of the force transmission section, and the connecting collapse plate collapses first, the connecting section no longer has the support of the connecting collapse plate. Its side near the mounting section tends to move downwards, which makes it easier for the lower mounting section to transfer the impact force to the force transmission section through the upwardly inclined first connecting plate. This achieves a partial increase in the height of the impact force. With the help of the second connecting plate, the impact force reaches the force transmission body more evenly. Then, the upper and lower force transmission collapse plates collapse and absorb energy respectively, which makes the impact energy more dispersed in the height direction and reduces the impact on the battery cell under large impact force. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery pack longitudinal frame and battery cell in one or more embodiments of this application is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 The enlarged view of the longitudinal frame on one side of the vehicle width direction in the cross-sectional structure diagram.

[0033] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 The enlarged view of the longitudinal frame on one side of the vehicle width direction in the cross-sectional structure diagram.

[0034] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 The enlarged view of the longitudinal frame on one side of the vehicle width direction in the cross-sectional structure diagram.

[0035] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A magnified view of the longitudinal frame on the other side of the vehicle width direction in the cross-sectional structure diagram.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 100-Mounting section, 110-Mounting horizontal plate, 120-Mounting vertical plate, 130-Mounting partition, 101-Mounting energy absorption cavity; 200-Connecting section, 210-First connecting plate, 220-Connecting partition, 230-Second connecting plate, 240-Connecting collapse plate, 201-Connecting load-bearing cavity; 300-Force transmission section, 300a-First force transmission zone, 300b-Second force transmission zone, 300c-Third force transmission zone, 310-Enclosure plate, 320 - Force transmission separator, 330- First inclined plate, 340- Second inclined plate, 350- Force transmission collapse plate, 360- Third inclined plate, 370- Fourth inclined plate, 301- First force transmission energy absorption cavity, 302- First force transmission cavity, 303- Second force transmission energy absorption cavity, 304- Second force transmission cavity, 305- Third force transmission energy absorption cavity, 306- Third force transmission cavity; 400- Support part, 401- Support cavity; 1000- Vertical frame, 2000- Battery unit. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The first aspect of this application provides a battery pack frame structure that achieves phased energy absorption through intermediate collapse, further collapse of the mounting portion away from the battery cell, and final collapse of the force transmission portion. At the same time, the structure of the connecting portion guides the lower-height collision force transmitted by the mounting portion to rise, disperses the extrusion force, effectively reduces the damage of the extrusion force to the battery cell, and improves safety performance.

[0040] This application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0041] The frame structure includes a longitudinal frame 1000, which extends along the length of the vehicle body. The longitudinal frame 1000 includes a mounting section 100, a connecting section 200, and a force transmission section 300. The mounting section 100 is provided with a mounting cavity, and the mounting section 100 includes multiple mounting partitions 130 located in the mounting cavity. The multiple mounting partitions 130 are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle to divide the mounting cavity into multiple mounting energy absorption cavities 101. The force transmission part 300 includes a force transmission body and a force transmission crumple plate 350. The force transmission body is connected to the upper and lower sides of the force transmission body. The connecting part 200 is connected to the force transmission body and the mounting part 100 on both sides along the width direction of the vehicle body, and includes a first connecting plate 210, a second connecting plate 230 and a connecting crumple plate 240 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 are both inclined and in opposite directions. The upper end of the first connecting plate 210 is connected to the force transmission body.

[0042] Generally, the frame structure is made of profiles with many internal cavities, which can reduce weight and increase the strength of the frame. Along the direction close to the battery cell of the battery pack, the mounting part 100, the connecting part 200, and the force transmission part 300 are arranged in sequence. The mounting part 100 is the connection structure between the battery pack and the vehicle body. Its top surface cooperates with the vehicle body sill beam. Therefore, along the height direction, the top of the connecting part 200 and the top of the force transmission body both extend beyond the mounting part 100. That is to say, the upper end of the first connecting plate 210 is higher than the mounting part 100, and the top surface of the force transmission body is higher than the top surface of the mounting part 100.

[0043] The first connecting plate 210 of the connecting part 200 is at the top, with its lower end connected to the mounting part 100 and its upper end connected to the force transmission body. This allows a portion of the side impact force to be transmitted diagonally upwards from the mounting part 100 to the force transmission body. The second connecting plate 230 is located between the connecting plate 230 and the connecting collapse plate 240, allowing another portion of the side impact force to be transmitted to the force transmission body. The connecting collapse plate 240 is located at the bottom, allowing another portion of the side impact force to be transmitted to it. The connecting collapse plate 240 can deform to absorb energy. The arrangement of the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 of the connecting part 200 also ensures the strength of the connecting part 200. Even when the side impact force is very small, the connecting collapse plate 240 can still maintain the stability of the frame even when it collapses to absorb energy.

[0044] The force transmission unit 300 can transmit the collision force in the event of a side collision. The upper and lower sides of the force transmission body are connected to the force transmission collapse plate 350. Therefore, the collision force transmitted by the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 can cause the upper force transmission collapse plate 350 and the lower force transmission collapse plate 350 to collapse respectively.

[0045] Since the thickness of the connecting collapsible plate 240, the mounting partition 130, and the force transmission collapsible plate 350 increases sequentially, the connecting collapsible plate 240 has the weakest strength, the mounting partition 130 has the second strongest strength, and the force transmission collapsible plate 350 has the strongest strength.

[0046] In the event of a very large lateral impact, the impact force is transmitted sequentially from the mounting part 100 of the frame structure to the connecting part 200 and the force transmission part 300, and finally to the battery cell of the battery pack. Since the connecting collapse plate 240 of the connecting part 200 is the weakest, it collapses first to absorb energy, followed by the mounting partition 130 and the force transmission collapse plate 350. This achieves phased absorption of impact energy, with the middle connecting part 200 collapsing first, the edge mounting part 100 collapsing next, and finally the force transmission part 300 near the battery cell collapsing. This allows the connecting collapse plate 240 of the middle connecting part 200 in the frame to begin deforming and absorbing energy at the initial stage of the impact. As the impact intensifies, the more robust mounting part 100 continues to absorb energy, and then the force transmission collapse plate 350 of the force transmission part 300 collapses to absorb energy, effectively reducing the impact load transmitted to the inside of the battery pack and reducing the direct impact on the battery module and high-voltage components. In cases of relatively small impact force, the battery cell can be protected from damage simply by the energy absorption of the partial structural collapse of the frame. Only the damaged frame needs to be replaced, resulting in minimal repairs and low replacement costs.

[0047] When the lateral impact force is relatively small, only part of the frame structure collapses to absorb energy, and no impact force is transmitted to the battery cell, protecting the battery cell from damage. For example, when the lateral impact force is very small, only the connecting collapse plate 240 collapses to absorb energy. When the lateral impact force is slightly larger, the connecting collapse plate 240 and the mounting partition 130 may collapse to absorb energy. When the lateral impact force is even larger, the connecting collapse plate 240, the mounting partition 130, and the force-transmitting collapse plate 350 may all collapse to absorb energy in sequence.

[0048] Since the top of the mounting part 100 is lower than the top of the force transmission part 300, and the connecting collapse plate 240 collapses first, the connecting part 200 no longer has the support of the connecting collapse plate 240. The side of the connecting part 200 near the mounting part 100 tends to move downwards, which makes it easier for the lower mounting part 100 to transmit the impact force to the force transmission part 300 through the upwardly inclined first connecting plate 210. This achieves a partial increase in the height of the impact force. Combined with the transmission of the second connecting plate 230, the impact force reaches the force transmission body more evenly. Then, the upper and lower force transmission collapse plates 350 collapse and absorb energy respectively, which makes the impact energy more dispersed in the height direction and reduces the impact on the battery cell.

[0049] The mounting section 100 is a mounting structure for installing the battery pack onto the vehicle body. The mounting section 100 can be equipped with mounting parts for connecting to the vehicle body, such as mounting bolts. Since the top surface of the mounting section 100 needs to mate with the vehicle body sill beam, the height of the top surface of the mounting section 100 is lower than the height of the top surface of the force transmission section 300.

[0050] The mounting section 100 may include mounting horizontal plates 110 and mounting vertical plates 120. Two mounting horizontal plates 110 and two mounting vertical plates 120 may be provided, with the two mounting horizontal plates 110 and the two mounting vertical plates 120 facing each other. The mounting horizontal plates 110 and the mounting vertical plates 120 are connected to form a mounting cavity. The thickness of both the mounting horizontal plates 110 and the mounting vertical plates 120 is greater than that of the mounting partition 130, while the strength of the mounting partition 130 is less than that of the mounting horizontal plates 110 and the mounting vertical plates 120. This allows the mounting partition 130 to deform and collapse under the action of a side impact force. The cross-section of the mounting energy-absorbing cavity 101 can be rectangular, circular, or elliptical, etc. Two or three mounting energy-absorbing cavities 101 may be provided. The mounting energy-absorbing cavity 101 not only improves the strength of the mounting section 100 but also collapses to absorb energy in the event of a side impact.

[0051] The connecting part 200 serves as a connection structure between the mounting part 100 and the force transmission part 300. In one embodiment, the connecting part 200 further includes a connecting partition 220. The connecting partition 220 is connected to the mounting part 100 and the force transmission body, and is located between the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230. The first connecting plate 210, the connecting partition 220, and the force transmission body together form a connecting force-bearing cavity 201. The second connecting plate 230, the connecting partition 220, and the force transmission body together form another connecting force-bearing cavity 201. The arrangement of the two connecting force-bearing cavities 201 can improve the strength of the upper part of the connecting part 200, so that during a side collision, the connecting force-bearing cavity 201 transmits the collision force before the force transmission crumple plate 350 collapses, and collapses after the force transmission crumple plate 350 collapses.

[0052] The connecting part 200 is provided with a connecting partition 220, which together with the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 ensures the strength of the connecting part 200. Even after the connecting collapse plate 240 collapses and absorbs energy, it can still maintain good stability and realize the transmission of collision force.

[0053] In one embodiment, along the width direction of the vehicle body, the lower end of the first connecting plate 210 and the upper end of the second connecting plate 230 are positioned correspondingly. The connecting partition 220 can be flush with the mounting cross plate 110 above the mounting part 100. The lower end of the first connecting plate 210 and the upper end of the second connecting plate 230 are connected to the connecting partition 220 and / or the mounting part 100. This makes the cross-sectional areas of the two connecting load-bearing cavities 201 relatively close and their strengths relatively close. During a collision, they can almost simultaneously collapse and absorb energy, resulting in a better energy absorption effect.

[0054] In some embodiments, the lower end of the first connecting plate 210, the upper end of the connecting partition 220 and the upper end of the second connecting plate 230 are close to the top of the mounting part 100, and the four are gathered at the same position, so that the cross-sectional shape of the connecting load-bearing cavity 201 can be triangular, which has high strength.

[0055] The thicknesses of the first connecting plate 210, the second connecting plate 230, and the connecting partition 220 are all greater than the thickness of the connecting collapse plate 240. This makes the connecting collapse plate 240 the weakest and allows it to collapse first. The thicknesses of the first connecting plate 210, the second connecting plate 230, and the connecting partition 220 are all greater than the thickness of the mounting partition 130. The mounting partition 130 is weaker, causing the mounting portion 100 to collapse before the connecting load-bearing cavity 201.

[0056] The force transmission section 300 is a structure that transmits collision force. The upper force transmission collapse plate 350 in the force transmission body mainly absorbs the collision energy transmitted by the first connecting plate 210, and the lower force transmission collapse plate 350 mainly absorbs the collision energy transmitted by the second connecting plate 230, with good energy absorption effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, the force transmission part 300 includes a first force transmission region 300a, a second force transmission region 300b and a third force transmission region 300c arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle. The first force transmission region 300a is close to the connecting part 200, and force transmission collapsible plates 350 are provided on the top and bottom sides of the first force transmission region 300a.

[0058] The force transmission section 300 is divided into three regions along the width direction of the vehicle. The first force transmission section 300a is close to the connecting section 200. The force transmission collapse plates 350 on its top and bottom sides can collapse and absorb energy, which can reduce the impact force transmitted to the battery cell from the second force transmission section 300b and the third force transmission section 300c. In other words, the force transmission collapse plates 350 are set close to the connecting section 200, so they can collapse and absorb energy earlier, reducing the impact force transmitted to the battery cell.

[0059] Along the height direction, the size of the third force transmission region 300c is larger than that of the second force transmission region 300b. This means that the structure closest to the battery cell has a larger height, which disperses the impact force transmitted to the battery cell, avoiding direct impact damage caused by concentrated impact. In other embodiments, the size of the third force transmission region 300c and the second force transmission region 300b can also be the same along the height direction, achieving the same impact force transmission.

[0060] In some embodiments, the bottoms of the first force transmission area 300a, the second force transmission area 300b, and the third force transmission area 300c are flush, which makes the bottom of the battery pack housing flush, regular in shape, and convenient for arranging the battery cells; and facilitates one-piece molding processing.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first force transmission region 300a is provided with a first force transmission cavity 302, a first force transmission energy absorption cavity 301, and a second force transmission energy absorption cavity 303. The first force transmission energy absorption cavity 301 and the second force transmission energy absorption cavity 303 are located above and below the first force transmission cavity 302, respectively. The top wall of the first force transmission energy absorption cavity 301 and the bottom wall of the second force transmission energy absorption cavity 303 both constitute force transmission collapse plates 350, thereby forming a structure in which force transmission collapse plates 350 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the force transmission body, realizing the arrangement of the various structures of the first force transmission region 300a. In other embodiments, multiple first force transmission cavities 302 may be provided, and multiple first force transmission cavities 302 are arranged sequentially along the height direction, but this will increase the structural complexity of the first force transmission region 300a. In some embodiments, multiple first force transmission cavities 302 may be provided, such as two or three, etc., and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0062] In some embodiments, a force-transmitting collapse plate 350 may also be provided on the bottom side of the second force-transmitting region 300b, so that force-transmitting collapse plates 350 are provided in both the first force-transmitting region 300a and the second force-transmitting region 300b, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the force-transmitting part 300. In other embodiments, a force-transmitting collapse plate 350 may also be provided on the top side of the second force-transmitting region 300b to improve the energy absorption effect.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second force transmission zone 300b is provided with a second force transmission cavity 304 and a third force transmission energy absorption cavity 305 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The cavity wall located on the bottom side of the third force transmission energy absorption cavity 305 constitutes a force transmission collapse plate 350, thereby realizing the arrangement of the force transmission collapse plate 350 in the second force transmission zone 300b.

[0064] In some embodiments, the third force transmission zone 300c is provided with a third force transmission cavity 306, the cross-sections of the first force transmission cavity 302 and the third force transmission cavity 306 are both right-angled triangles, and the cross-section of the second force transmission cavity 304 is rectangular.

[0065] Generally speaking, the stability of a right triangle is higher than that of a rectangle. Therefore, the stability of the first force transmission cavity 302 is higher than that of the second force transmission cavity 304. Thus, in the event of a side impact, the second force transmission cavity 304 will preferentially collapse and absorb energy, reducing the impact on the battery cell. After that, the first force transmission cavity 302 can move toward the third force transmission cavity 306, thereby directly transmitting the collision force to the third force transmission cavity 306. Since the third force transmission cavity 306 has a large height dimension, it can disperse and transmit the collision force, further reducing the direct impact on the battery cell.

[0066] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230, the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the first force transmission cavity 302, and the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the third force transmission cavity 306 increase sequentially.

[0067] The connecting load-bearing cavity 201, which is formed by the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 respectively, is a cavity with a right-angled triangle cross-section. The first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230 are both the hypotenuses of the right-angled triangle. The first force transmission cavity 302 and the third force transmission cavity 306 are also cavities with a right-angled triangle cross-section.

[0068] The thicknesses of the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230, the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the first force transmission cavity 302, and the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the third force transmission cavity 306 increase sequentially. That is to say, the thickness of the inclined wall of the connecting force-bearing cavity 201, the thickness of the inclined wall of the first force transmission cavity 302, and the thickness of the inclined wall of the third force transmission cavity 306 increase sequentially. Therefore, the strength of the connecting force-bearing cavity 201, the strength of the first force transmission cavity 302, and the strength of the third force transmission cavity 306 increase sequentially. In the case of a lateral collision, the connecting force-bearing cavity 201 collapses and absorbs energy first, followed by the first force transmission cavity 302. As mentioned above, the second force transmission cavity 304 collapses and absorbs energy before the first force transmission cavity 302. Therefore, when the first force transmission cavity 302 collapses, the second force transmission cavity 304 has already collapsed. In other words, the first force transmission cavity 302 collapses while moving towards the third force transmission cavity 306 to transfer the impact force to the third force transmission area 300c, which has a very large height dimension. This disperses the squeezing force and achieves multi-stage collapse and energy absorption, reducing the direct impact on the battery cell.

[0069] The collapse sequence of the second force transmission cavity 304 and the connecting force-bearing cavity 201 can be designed as needed. In some embodiments, the connecting force-bearing cavity 201 collapses first, followed by the second force transmission cavity 304. This can be achieved by controlling the wall thickness of the force-bearing cavity to be less than the wall thickness of the second force transmission cavity 304. In other embodiments, the second force transmission cavity 304 collapses first, followed by the connecting force-bearing cavity 201.

[0070] Multiple third force transmission cavities 306 can be provided, and the multiple third force transmission cavities 306 can be arranged sequentially along the height direction. Among the multiple third force transmission cavities 306, some of the third force transmission cavities 306 can have a triangular cross-section, and the remaining third force transmission cavities 306 can have a rectangular and / or trapezoidal cross-section.

[0071] The third cavity can also form a force transmission and bearing cavity, which is located above the fourth cavity. The fourth cavity can serve as a force transmission and energy absorption cavity. The part of the force transmission horizontal plate that encloses the fourth cavity forms a force transmission and collapse plate 350.

[0072] In some embodiments, both the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b include a surrounding plate 310 and a force transmission partition 320. Multiple surrounding plates 310 are provided and are connected end to end to form a cavity. The force transmission partition 320 is located inside the cavity and is horizontally arranged to divide the cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity.

[0073] The first force transmission zone 300a further includes a first inclined plate 330 and a second inclined plate 340. The first inclined plate 330 and the second inclined plate 340 are respectively disposed in the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The first inclined plate 330 and the second inclined plate 340 are inclined in opposite directions. The upper end of the first inclined plate 330 is close to the connecting part 200, and the lower end is close to the second force transmission zone 300b. The first inclined plate 330, the surrounding plate 310 and the force transmission partition 320 together form the first force transmission cavity 302. The first inclined plate 330 and the surrounding plate 310 together form the first force transmission energy absorption cavity 301. The second inclined plate 340, the surrounding plate 310 and the force transmission partition 320 together form the first force transmission cavity 302. The second inclined plate 340 and the surrounding plate 310 together form the second force transmission energy absorption cavity 303. The first inclined plate 330 and the second inclined plate 340 each form the hypotenuse of the first force transmission cavity 302, which has a right-angled triangle cross-section. The top wall of the first force transmission energy absorption cavity 301 forms a force transmission collapse plate 350. In the surrounding plate 310, the bottom wall of the second force transmission energy absorption cavity 303 forms a force transmission collapse plate 350.

[0074] In the second force transmission zone 300b, the upper chamber forms the second force transmission cavity 304, the lower chamber forms the third force transmission energy absorption cavity 305, and the bottom wall of the third force transmission energy absorption cavity 305 forms a force transmission collapse plate 350.

[0075] Similar to the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b, the third force transmission zone 300c also includes a surrounding plate 310 and a force transmission partition 320. Multiple surrounding plates 310 are connected end-to-end, with the two outermost plates connected to enclose and form a chamber. Two force transmission partitions 320 are provided, arranged sequentially along the height direction within the chamber to divide it into an upper chamber, a middle chamber, and a lower chamber. The upper chamber constitutes the third force transmission cavity 306. The third force transmission zone 300c may further include a third inclined plate 360 ​​and a fourth inclined plate 370. The third inclined plate 360 ​​and the fourth inclined plate 370 are both inclined and in opposite directions. The third inclined plate 360 ​​and the fourth inclined plate 370 are respectively located in the middle chamber and the lower chamber. The lower end of the third inclined plate 360 ​​and the upper end of the fourth inclined plate 370 are connected to the lower force transmission partition 320. The third inclined plate 360, the lower force transmission partition 320 and the surrounding plate 310 together form a third force transmission cavity 306 with a right-angled triangle cross-section. The third inclined plate 360, the surrounding plate 310 and the upper force transmission partition 320 together form a trapezoidal third force transmission cavity 306. The fourth inclined plate 370, the lower force transmission partition 320 and the surrounding plate 310 also together form a third force transmission cavity 306 with a right-angled triangle cross-section. The fourth inclined plate 370 and the surrounding plate 310 together form a third force transmission cavity 306 with a trapezoidal cross-section.

[0076] In the third force transmission zone 300c, the upper chamber extends upward from the second force transmission zone 300b along the height direction. The force transmission partition 320 of the first force transmission zone 300a, the force transmission partition 320 of the second force transmission zone 300b, and the lower force transmission partition 320 of the third force transmission zone 300c have the same height, thereby realizing the transmission of collision force.

[0077] In some embodiments, the junction between the first force transmission region 300a and the second force transmission region 300b may consist of only one surrounding plate 310, which forms both the inner wall of the first force transmission region 300a and the inner wall of the second force transmission region 300b. Similarly, the junction between the second force transmission region 300b and the third force transmission region 300c may also consist of only one surrounding plate 310, which forms both the inner wall of the second force transmission region 300b and the inner wall of the second force transmission region 300c, simplifying the structure.

[0078] The thickness of the enclosure 310 excluding the portion constituting the force transmission collapsible plate 350 is greater than the thickness of the force transmission collapsible plate 350. In some embodiments, the thickness of the enclosure 310 of the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b excluding the portion constituting the force transmission collapsible plate 350 is greater than the thickness of the mounting horizontal plate 110 and the mounting vertical plate 120.

[0079] In some embodiments, the longitudinal frame 1000 further includes a support portion 400, which is connected to the upper side of the force transmission body and located above the first force transmission zone 300a, so that the top of the support portion 400 is flush with the top of the third force transmission zone 300c, which facilitates the installation of high and low pressure plugs, water pipes and explosion-proof valves and other parts.

[0080] The support portion 400 may also be provided with a support cavity 401, the bottom wall of which is the force-transmitting collapse plate 350 located above the first force-transmitting zone 300a, which can also collapse and absorb energy during the collision. The support portion 400 may include multiple support plates, which are connected end to end, and the support plates located at two ends are connected to form the support cavity 401.

[0081] In some embodiments, there are two vertical frame 1000s, which are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the vehicle. The frame structure also includes two horizontal frame 1000s, which are arranged opposite to each other along the length direction of the vehicle. The horizontal frame 1000s are connected to the vertical frame 1000s, and the two horizontal frame 1000s and the two vertical frame 1000s together form a cavity for accommodating the battery cell 2000.

[0082] It should be noted that the thickness relationships of other unspecified structures, such as mounting partition 130, first connecting plate 210, connecting partition 220, second connecting plate 230, enclosure plate 310, transmission partition 320, first inclined plate 330, second inclined plate 340, third inclined plate 360, and fourth inclined plate 370, can be determined and adjusted according to the collapse sequence, and will not be elaborated further in this application.

[0083] Based on the same technical concept as the first aspect, the second aspect of this application provides a battery pack.

[0084] The battery pack provided in this application includes a battery pack frame structure according to any embodiment of the first aspect and a battery unit 2000. The battery unit 2000 is located in the receiving cavity. There is a gap between the battery unit 2000 and the side of the force transmission part 300 away from the mounting part 100. That is, there is a gap between the third force transmission area 300c and the battery unit 2000. In the process of side collision, it can serve as a buffer space to reduce damage to the battery cell.

[0085] Based on the same technical concept as the second aspect, a third aspect of this application provides a vehicle including a battery pack according to any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0086] The battery pack frame structure provided in this application collapses in stages under different impact forces, as detailed below:

[0087] When the side impact force is lower than F1 (set value, for example 50KN), the connecting collapse plate 240 of the connecting part 200 collapses first, and then the mounting partition 130 of the mounting part 100 collapses to absorb energy, ensuring zero intrusion of the battery cell.

[0088] When the side impact force is between F1 and F2 (set value, for example, 100KN), the connecting collapse plate 240 of the connecting part 200 collapses first, then the mounting partition 130 of the mounting part 100 collapses to absorb energy, and then the force transmission collapse plates 350 of the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b collapse to absorb energy, ensuring zero intrusion of the battery cell.

[0089] When the side impact force is between F3 and F4 (set value, for example, 150KN), the connecting collapse plate 240 of the connecting part 200 collapses first, then the mounting partition 130 of the mounting part 100 collapses to absorb energy, then the force transmission collapse plates 350 of the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b collapse to absorb energy, then the second force transmission cavity 304 of the second force transmission zone 300b collapses to absorb energy, and the first force transmission zone 300a is squeezed towards the third force transmission zone 300c with a large height dimension, ensuring that the extrusion direction is in contact with the large surface of the cell, avoiding stress concentration, and improving the safety of protecting the cell.

[0090] When the side impact force is between F4 and F5 (set value, for example, 200KN), the connecting collapse plate 240 of the connecting part 200 collapses first, the mounting partition 130 of the mounting part 100 collapses to absorb energy, then the force transmission collapse plates 350 of the first force transmission zone 300a and the second force transmission zone 300b collapse to absorb energy, then the second force transmission cavity 304 of the second force transmission zone 300b collapses to absorb energy, then the first force transmission cavity 302 of the first force transmission zone 300a collapses to absorb energy, and is squeezed towards the third force transmission zone 300c with a large height dimension, together resisting the remaining energy, ensuring that the contact interface between the battery cell and the extrusion force is a large-area contact, avoiding stress concentration, and improving the protection capability of the battery cell.

[0091] The border structure provided in this application has at least the following advantages:

[0092] (1) The longitudinal frame 1000 is designed with different strength structures, which can absorb energy step by step when the lateral impact force is relatively large. This achieves the phased absorption of impact energy by first collapsing the middle connecting part 200, then collapsing the side mounting part 100, and finally collapsing the force transmission part 300 near the cell. This allows the connecting collapse plate 240 of the middle connecting part 200 of the frame to start deforming and absorbing energy in the early stage of the impact. As the impact intensifies, the more robust mounting part 100 continues to absorb energy, and then the force transmission collapse plate 350 of the force transmission part 300 collapses and absorbs energy, effectively reducing the impact load transmitted to the inside of the battery pack and reducing the direct impact on the battery module and high voltage components. When the impact force is relatively small, the cell can be protected from damage by only collapsing part of the frame structure to absorb energy, reducing the damage to the battery unit. Only the damaged frame needs to be replaced, resulting in low maintenance and low cost.

[0093] (2) During the collision, due to the arrangement of the first connecting plate 210 and the second connecting plate 230, the extrusion force with a lower height is dispersed to multiple parts along the height direction of the first force transmission zone 300a, which facilitates the collapse and energy absorption of the force transmission collapse plate 350 above and below the first force transmission section 300; the remaining collision force is concentrated and transmitted to the force transmission partition 320 of the second force transmission zone 300b along the first inclined plate 330 and the second inclined plate 340 of the first force transmission zone 300a, which makes the second force transmission cavity 304 easy to collapse and absorb energy, realizing the transmission of force between the first force transmission zone 300a and the third force transmission zone 300c with a large dimension in the height direction. The large-area transmission makes the collision force more dispersed.

[0094] (3) The frame structure can effectively absorb and dissipate the short-term energy release under collision conditions, effectively protect the internal parts of the battery pack, and protect the integrity and reliability of the battery cell. On the one hand, it uses the energy absorption cavity 101 of the mounting part 100 and the second force transmission cavity 304 of the second force transmission area 300b to absorb the energy of external force by its own compression deformation, thus protecting the battery cell. On the other hand, it guides the first force transmission area 300a to undergo overall displacement by connecting the load-bearing cavity 201 and the second force transmission cavity 304, further absorbing and dissipating energy, further improving the resistance to compression, and effectively taking into account the different requirements of vehicle collision and battery pack compression on the battery box.

[0095] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0096] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0097] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0098] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0099] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack frame structure, characterized in that, Including a vertical border, the vertical border comprising: The mounting section is provided with a mounting cavity. The mounting section includes multiple mounting partitions located in the mounting cavity. The multiple mounting partitions are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle to divide the mounting cavity into multiple mounting energy absorption cavities. The force transmission part includes a force transmission body and a force transmission collapse plate, wherein the force transmission collapse plate is connected to both the upper and lower sides of the force transmission body. The connecting part is connected to the force transmission body and the mounting part on both sides along the width direction of the vehicle body, and includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a connecting crumple plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are both inclined in opposite directions. The upper end of the first connecting plate is connected to the force transmission body. Along the height direction, the tops of the first connecting plate and the force transmission body both extend out of the mounting portion, and the thicknesses of the connecting collapsible plate, the mounting partition, and the force transmission collapsible plate increase sequentially.

2. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting part further includes a connecting partition, which is connected to the mounting part and the force transmission body, and is located between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate; Along the width direction of the vehicle body, the lower end of the first connecting plate and the upper end of the second connecting plate are positioned correspondingly.

3. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the first connecting plate, the connecting partition, and the upper end of the second connecting plate are all close to the top of the mounting part.

4. The battery pack frame structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The force transmission part includes a first force transmission area, a second force transmission area and a third force transmission area arranged sequentially along the width direction of the vehicle. The first force transmission area is close to the connecting part, and the force transmission collapse plate is provided on the top and bottom sides of the first force transmission area. Along the height direction, the size of the third force transmission zone is larger than the size of the second force transmission zone; The bottoms of the first force transmission zone, the second force transmission zone, and the third force transmission zone are flush.

5. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first force transmission zone is provided with a first force transmission cavity, a first force transmission energy absorption cavity and a second force transmission energy absorption cavity. The first force transmission energy absorption cavity and the second force transmission energy absorption cavity are located above and below the first force transmission cavity, respectively. The top wall of the first force transmission energy absorption cavity and the bottom wall of the second force transmission energy absorption cavity both constitute the force transmission collapse plate. The force transmission collapsible plate is provided on the bottom side of the second force transmission zone.

6. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second force transmission zone is provided with a second force transmission cavity and a third force transmission energy absorption cavity arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The cavity wall located on the bottom side of the third force transmission energy absorption cavity constitutes the force transmission collapse plate.

7. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third force transmission zone is provided with a third force transmission cavity. The cross-sections of the first force transmission cavity and the third force transmission cavity are both right-angled triangles, and the cross-section of the second force transmission cavity is rectangular. The thicknesses of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the first force transmission cavity, and the thickness of the inclined plate forming the hypotenuse of the right triangle in the third force transmission cavity increase sequentially.

8. The battery pack frame structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The vertical frame also includes a support portion, which is connected to the upper side of the force-transmitting body.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Battery pack frame structure as described in any one of claims 1-8; The battery unit is located within the frame, and there is a gap between the battery unit and the side of the force transmission part away from the mounting part.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in claim 9.

Images