Immersed industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The utility model provides an immersed industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body, a battery compartment and an equipment compartment which are arranged along the height direction of the cabinet body are limited in the cabinet body, and the battery compartment is positioned above the equipment compartment; the battery frame is arranged in the battery compartment, a battery and a direct cooling plate are mounted on the battery frame, and the direct cooling plate is used for exchanging heat with the battery; the direct cooling unit is mounted in the equipment bin and connected with the direct cooling plate through a pipeline; the battery compartment is filled with cooling liquid, and the battery and the direct cooling plate are immersed in the cooling liquid; the mounting opening is formed in the top end of the cabinet body, communicated with the battery compartment and used for allowing the cooling liquid and the battery frame to enter and exit from the battery compartment; and the top cover detachably covers the top end of the cabinet body and is used for opening or closing the battery compartment. According to the utility model, the battery frame provided with the battery and the direct cooling plate can be directly hung in the cooling liquid through the mounting port, so that the installation and the maintenance are convenient, and the temperature uniformity and the heat exchange efficiency of the energy storage battery core are effectively improved by combining a refrigerant direct cooling technology with a battery immersion technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and in particular relates to an immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Commercial and industrial energy storage cabinets generate a significant amount of heat during use. If this heat is not dissipated in time, the internal temperature of the cabinet will gradually rise. When the temperature rises to a certain level, it will affect the battery's functionality (such as charging and discharging performance), and in some cases, there is even a risk of explosion. In low ambient temperatures, such as during winter, cold environments can also cause problems such as severe battery drain, inability to charge and discharge normally, and reduced battery life. Therefore, commercial and industrial energy storage cabinets are typically equipped with temperature control systems to maintain the battery temperature within a suitable range.

[0003] Temperature control systems are commonly classified as direct cooling, air cooling, or liquid cooling. Compared to air cooling and liquid cooling, direct cooling systems circulate the refrigerant directly to the direct cooling plate through a circulation pipeline. The direct cooling plate is in close contact with the battery, allowing for more direct absorption of the heat generated during charging and discharging, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] To further improve battery temperature uniformity and safety, some related technologies employ submerged battery packs. A submerged battery pack includes a housing and battery cells housed within it. The housing is entirely filled with insulating or coolant (submerging fluid), placing the cells in an submerged environment and improving temperature uniformity. However, this cooling method may result in uneven cooling between battery packs, potentially leading to localized overheating. Furthermore, submerged battery packs require individual fluid injection for each pack, necessitating disassembly and inspection for maintenance, which is inconvenient and may interfere with surrounding battery packs. Additionally, in other technologies, the submerging fluid circulates directly within the battery pack, but the flowing fluid places significant pressure on the housing, requiring high structural strength and sealing performance, thus increasing material costs.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background technology of this application, and therefore may include prior art that is not known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore,

[0007] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet is proposed, comprising:

[0008] The cabinet contains a battery compartment and an equipment compartment arranged along its own height, with the battery compartment located near the top of the cabinet relative to the equipment compartment.

[0009] A battery frame is disposed in the battery compartment, and a battery and a direct cooling plate are mounted on the battery frame. The direct cooling plate is used for heat exchange with the battery.

[0010] A direct cooling unit is installed in the equipment compartment. The direct cooling unit is connected to the direct cooling plate through pipelines to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate.

[0011] The battery compartment is filled with coolant, which submerges the battery and the direct cooling plate.

[0012] An installation port is provided at the top of the cabinet and is connected to the battery compartment for the coolant and the battery frame to enter and exit the battery compartment.

[0013] A detachable top cover is attached to the top of the cabinet to open or close the battery compartment.

[0014] The above technical solution offers the following advantages or beneficial effects: By arranging battery compartments and equipment compartments from top to bottom within the cabinet, a modular design for the energy storage cabinet is achieved. The battery frame, containing the batteries and direct cooling plates, is directly immersed in the coolant, enabling more direct and efficient heat transfer. This quickly removes the heat generated by the batteries, resulting in a more significant cooling effect. Compared to existing technologies that add coolant to each battery pack, this reduces the obstruction to heat transfer caused by the battery pack enclosure and other structures, while simultaneously improving production efficiency. The installation port at the top of the cabinet not only facilitates the overall hoisting of the battery frame but also provides a direct channel for filling the coolant, simplifying the installation, filling, and maintenance of the batteries and coolant.

[0015] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, multiple direct cooling plates are arranged in parallel, and the multiple direct cooling plates are spaced apart along the height direction of the cabinet within the battery frame. The batteries are correspondingly disposed between two adjacent direct cooling plates, and the bottom surface of the direct cooling plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the corresponding battery.

[0016] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the above arrangement makes the number of direct cooling plates one more than the number of batteries. The direct cooling plates are in contact with the bottom surface of the batteries, which improves the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the batteries. At the same time, the top direct cooling plate is unloaded and is used to radiate the uppermost battery to ensure temperature uniformity.

[0017] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a plurality of support plates are fixedly provided at intervals along the height direction of the cabinet within the battery frame, and the plurality of direct cooling plates are supported one-to-one on the top surface of the plurality of support plates.

[0018] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: multiple support plates are fixed inside the battery frame to support the direct cooling plate, making the installation of the direct cooling plate more stable and reliable.

[0019] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, among the plurality of direct cooling plates, electronic expansion valves are connected in series at both ends of the direct cooling plate near the top of the cabinet. The electronic expansion valves are used to control the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the direct cooling plate.

[0020] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the direct cooling plate near the top of the cabinet is used to radiate the battery at the top. By connecting electronic expansion valves in series at both ends of the device, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the direct cooling plate at the top can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the accuracy and uniformity of temperature control.

[0021] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the conduit includes:

[0022] The external piping is located outside the cabinet, and there are two external piping lines, each connected to the direct cooling unit via a shut-off valve.

[0023] The internal piping is located inside the battery compartment. There are two internal piping systems, one end of which is connected to two external piping systems respectively. The other ends of the two internal piping systems are connected to both ends of the direct cooling plate through liquid separators.

[0024] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the external pipeline is connected to the direct cooling unit through a shut-off valve, and the internal pipeline is connected to both ends of the direct cooling plate through a distributor in the battery compartment, ensuring that the refrigerant can be evenly distributed to each direct cooling plate.

[0025] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the equipment compartment is arranged through the thickness direction of the cabinet, and the direct cooling unit includes:

[0026] The housing is located inside the equipment compartment. The housing is provided with a return air inlet and an air outlet, which are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the cabinet.

[0027] A cooling fan is disposed inside the housing and located near the air outlet;

[0028] A heat exchanger is disposed inside the housing and is located on the side of the cooling fan near the return air inlet;

[0029] The compressor is located inside the housing and is positioned between the heat exchanger and the return air inlet. The compressor, the heat exchanger, and the direct cooling plate are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a refrigerant circulation loop.

[0030] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The equipment compartment is equipped with front and rear ventilation, meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the direct-cooling unit's return and exhaust air. The heat exchanger is located on the side of the cooling fan near the return air inlet. The cooling fan draws air out of the casing, creating negative pressure, which draws outside air into the casing from the return air inlet. As the air flows through the heat exchanger, it carries away the heat generated by the heat exchanger, improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0031] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, two cooling fans are spaced apart along the width of the cabinet, and the two cooling fans are mounted on the housing via the same fan bracket, with a baffle plate between two adjacent cooling fans.

[0032] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: By setting up two cooling fans, the heat dissipation effect is improved. By installing a baffle plate between the two cooling fans, mutual interference of airflow is avoided, ensuring the heat dissipation requirements of the direct-cooling unit during operation.

[0033] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the direct-cooling unit further includes a refrigerant heater connected in the refrigerant circulation loop, the refrigerant heater being connected to a pipeline between the compressor and the direct-cooling plate.

[0034] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by adding a refrigerant heater to the refrigerant circulation loop, the heating capacity in low-temperature environments is improved, and the problem of insufficient heating capacity of existing energy storage cabinets in low-temperature environments is solved.

[0035] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the direct-cooling unit further includes:

[0036] An economizer has a first passage and a second passage that are not interconnected. The first passage connects the heat exchanger and the direct cooling plate. One end of the second passage is connected to the end of the direct cooling plate away from the heat exchanger, and both ends of the second passage are connected to the compressor through the same three-way valve.

[0037] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by setting up an economizer, during cooling, the condensed refrigerant is subcooled by the economizer before entering the direct cooling plate, increasing the subcooling degree and improving the cooling effect; during heating, the compressor exhaust first passes through the economizer for condensation, and then the flow rate into the economizer is adjusted by a three-way valve to ensure that the temperature of the refrigerant entering the direct cooling plate is within a suitable range, further improving the heating effect.

[0038] Another aspect of this application provides an immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet, which includes:

[0039] The cabinet contains a battery compartment and an equipment compartment arranged along its own height, with the battery compartment located near the top of the cabinet relative to the equipment compartment.

[0040] An energy storage component is disposed in the battery compartment, the energy storage component comprising:

[0041] A battery frame having a plurality of receiving portions therein, the receiving portions being in communication with the battery compartment;

[0042] The battery is installed in the receiving part;

[0043] A direct cooling plate is installed on the battery frame for heat exchange with the battery;

[0044] A direct cooling unit is installed in the equipment compartment. The direct cooling unit is connected to the direct cooling plate to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate.

[0045] The battery compartment is filled with coolant, which submerges the energy storage component.

[0046] An installation port is provided at the top of the cabinet and is connected to the battery compartment for the coolant and the energy storage components to enter and exit the battery compartment.

[0047] A detachable top cover is attached to the top of the cabinet to open or close the battery compartment.

[0048] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by setting

[0049] The above technical solution offers the following advantages or beneficial effects: By arranging battery compartments and equipment compartments from top to bottom within the cabinet, a modular design for the energy storage cabinet is achieved. The energy storage components, containing batteries and direct cooling plates, are directly immersed in the coolant, enabling more direct and efficient heat transfer. This quickly removes the heat generated by the batteries, resulting in a more significant cooling effect. Compared to existing technologies that add coolant to each battery pack, this reduces the obstruction to heat transfer caused by the battery pack casing and other structures, while simultaneously improving production efficiency. The mounting port at the top of the cabinet not only facilitates the overall hoisting of the battery frame but also provides a direct channel for coolant filling, simplifying the installation, filling, and maintenance of the batteries and coolant. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is an external view of an immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the cabinet and top cover according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cabinet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the direct cooling unit and the direct cooling plate according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the result of a direct-cooling unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a direct-cooling unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a direct-cooling unit from another perspective according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the equipment compartment with the cabinet door open according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a system schematic diagram of temperature regulation for an immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow path during the refrigeration cycle of a direct-cooling unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0063] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow path during the heating cycle of a direct-cooling unit according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0064] In the above figures: 100 immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet; 1 cabinet body; 11 battery compartment; 12 equipment compartment; 13 lower compartment; 14 mounting port; 2 battery frame; 21 support plate; 22 housing section; 3 battery; 4 direct cooling plate; 5 direct cooling unit; 50 refrigerant heater; 51 shell; 511 return air outlet; 512 air outlet; 52 compressor; 521 gas-liquid separator; 522 oil separator; 53 heat exchanger; 541 throttling device; 542 liquid receiver; 55 economizer; 561 shut-off valve; 562 external piping; 563 internal piping; 564 liquid distributor; 57 electrical control box; 58 cooling fan; 59 three-way valve; 6 top cover; 71 fan bracket; 711 main mounting plate; 712 U-shaped bracket; 72 wind baffle; 8 energy storage converter; 9 cabinet door. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0066] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0067] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0068] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0069] refer to Figures 1-13 In one illustrative embodiment of the immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 provided by this utility model, the immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a cabinet body 1, which forms the main structure of the immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100.

[0070] Cabinet 1 is typically a cuboid structure. Cabinet 1 provides a stable foundation and storage space for the immersion-type commercial and industrial energy storage cabinet 100, ensuring that the components of the entire energy storage system can be installed and arranged in an orderly manner, guaranteeing the normal operation of the energy storage system and the stability of the overall structure. Cabinet 1 has a top and a bottom, which are two ends positioned opposite each other along its height.

[0071] refer to Figure 2 , 3 In some embodiments, the interior of the cabinet 1 is defined by a battery compartment 11 and an equipment compartment 12 arranged along its own height. The battery compartment 11 is located near the top of the cabinet 1 relative to the equipment compartment 12, and the battery compartment 11 is used to accommodate at least the battery 3.

[0072] In this embodiment, a modular partitioned design of the energy storage cabinet is achieved by setting up a battery compartment 11 and an equipment compartment 12 from top to bottom inside the cabinet 1. The space is divided according to the functional requirements of different components, and the battery 3 is placed in the battery compartment 11 at the top, which facilitates the heat dissipation and maintenance of the battery 3. At the same time, the equipment compartment 12 can centrally place other auxiliary equipment, making the internal structure of the entire energy storage cabinet more reasonable and improving space utilization and operating efficiency.

[0073] The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a battery frame 2, which is disposed in the battery compartment 11.

[0074] refer to Figure 4 The battery frame 2 houses the battery 3. The battery frame 2 provides a reliable mounting platform for the battery 3, ensuring that the battery 3 is stably fixed within the battery compartment 11, thereby improving the operational safety and reliability of the battery 3.

[0075] Specifically, battery 3 is energy storage battery 3.

[0076] In this embodiment, the battery 3 is installed on the battery frame 2 in the form of a battery 3PACK formed by battery 3 cluster packaging. Multiple battery 3PACKs are set on the battery frame 2 to meet different energy storage needs.

[0077] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 A direct cooling plate 4 is installed on the battery frame 2, which is used for heat exchange with the battery 3. The direct cooling plate 4 can directly contact the battery 3 to efficiently conduct away the heat generated by the battery 3, ensuring that the battery 3 operates stably within a suitable temperature range and improving the charging and discharging efficiency and safety of the battery 3.

[0078] It is understandable that the inside of the direct cooling plate 4 has a refrigerant flow channel for the refrigerant to flow.

[0079] The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a direct cooling unit 5, which is connected to the direct cooling plate 4 through pipelines to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate 4.

[0080] In this embodiment, a direct cooling unit 5 is used to directly exchange heat between the refrigerant and the battery 3 through the direct cooling plate 4 to control the temperature of the battery 3, so that the battery 3 can work within the ideal temperature range, avoiding the battery 3 temperature from being too high or too low, and achieving constant temperature management of the energy storage cabinet.

[0081] It is understandable that when the direct cooling unit 5 is cooling, it regulates the temperature of the battery compartment 11. When the direct cooling unit 5 is heating, it regulates the temperature of the battery compartment 11.

[0082] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 The direct cooling unit 5 is installed in the equipment compartment 12. As an integral module, the direct cooling unit 5 is installed in the equipment compartment 12 at the bottom of the cabinet 1, which not only ensures the stability of the center of gravity of the whole machine, but also does not occupy the installation space of the battery 3, which is conducive to increasing the capacity of the battery 3 and facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the whole machine.

[0083] The temperature of the energy storage battery 3 is directly controlled by the direct cooling unit 5 and the direct cooling plate 4, eliminating the need for the coolant system of the liquid cooling system. The refrigerant exchanges heat directly with the battery 3 through the direct cooling plate 4, eliminating the intermediate heat exchange process between the refrigerant and the liquid cooling medium, resulting in higher energy conversion efficiency. The water system components such as the water pump and plate heat exchanger of the liquid cooling system are also eliminated, resulting in lower costs.

[0084] In related technologies, to further improve the temperature uniformity of battery cells 3 during charging and discharging, an immersion battery pack is used. The immersion battery pack includes a housing and battery cells housed within the housing. The housing is entirely filled with insulating liquid or coolant (immersion liquid), placing the battery cells in an immersion environment, improving the temperature uniformity of each cell, and reducing the temperature gradient inside the battery frame 2.

[0085] The cooling method of submerging battery packs may result in uneven cooling effects between the individual battery packs, easily leading to localized overheating. Furthermore, submerging requires injecting electrolyte into each battery pack, necessitating individual disassembly and inspection during maintenance, which is inconvenient and may interfere with or affect surrounding battery packs during the maintenance process.

[0086] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, in some embodiments of this application, the battery compartment 11 is filled with coolant so that the coolant submerges the battery 3 and the direct cooling plate 4.

[0087] The battery frame 2 is completely submerged in coolant, achieving a more uniform temperature distribution and avoiding excessive temperature differences in the battery 3 caused by poor local cooling. By combining direct cooling technology with battery 3 immersion technology, the temperature uniformity of the energy storage cells is effectively improved. While integrating the advantages of direct cooling technology, such as rapid response and improved heat exchange efficiency, the battery 3 immersion treatment further enhances its temperature uniformity. Simultaneously, immersion of the cells improves cell safety, preventing serious thermal runaway accidents.

[0088] It should be noted that coolant has certain insulating properties.

[0089] In this embodiment, the battery frame 2 is completely submerged in the coolant, allowing the coolant to directly and fully contact the battery frame 2, the battery 3 mounted on it, and the direct cooling plate 4. This enables more direct and efficient heat transfer, quickly removing the heat generated by the battery 3, resulting in a more significant cooling effect and enhanced safety. Compared to the method in the prior art where the battery cluster bracket is connected to the direct-cooling submerged battery pack, this method reduces the obstruction to heat transfer caused by the battery pack's casing and other structures, resulting in higher cooling efficiency.

[0090] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, the top of the cabinet 1 is provided with an installation port 14, which is connected to the battery compartment 11 and is used to allow coolant and battery frame 2 to enter and exit the battery compartment 11.

[0091] In this embodiment, the mounting port 14 at the top of the cabinet 1 provides a convenient channel for the entry and exit of coolant and battery frame 2, making it easy to hoist the battery frame 2 into the battery compartment 11 during installation and maintenance. It also facilitates the injection and drainage of coolant, which helps to simplify the installation and maintenance process and improve the convenience of operation.

[0092] refer to Figure 1 The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a top cover 6. The top cover 6 is removably mounted on the top of the cabinet body 1 and is used to open or close the battery compartment 11.

[0093] The removable top cover 6 allows operators to flexibly open or close the battery compartment 11 as needed, facilitating the installation, debugging, maintenance, and repair of the battery compartment 11. At the same time, it can effectively protect the components inside the battery compartment 11 during normal operation, preventing foreign objects from entering and dust from intruding, and ensuring the stability and safety of the internal environment of the battery compartment 11.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple direct cooling plates 4 are arranged in parallel. The multiple direct cooling plates 4 are spaced apart along the height direction of the cabinet 1 within the battery frame 2, which enables the cooling energy to be evenly distributed throughout the height range of the entire battery compartment 11 during cooling.

[0095] refer to Figure 5The battery 3 is positioned between two adjacent direct cooling plates 4. The direct cooling plate 4 is in contact with the bottom surface of its corresponding battery 3, which enables efficient heat conduction. This allows the direct cooling plate 4 to quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery 3, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the battery 3, preventing local overheating of the battery 3, ensuring the safe operation of the battery 3, and enhancing the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0096] Furthermore, the above arrangement results in one more direct cooling plate 4 than the number of batteries 3. The top direct cooling plate 4 is unloaded (does not contact the batteries 3) and is used to radiate the uppermost batteries 3 to ensure temperature uniformity.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, multiple support plates 21 are fixedly installed at intervals along the height direction of the cabinet 1 inside the battery frame 2, and multiple direct cooling plates 4 are supported one-to-one on the top surface of the multiple support plates 21. Among them, the battery 3 is supported on the direct cooling plates 4.

[0098] In this embodiment, by fixing multiple support plates 21 inside the battery frame 2 to support the direct cooling plate 4, not only is the installation of the direct cooling plate 4 more stable and reliable, but also good contact between the direct cooling plate 4 and the battery 3 is ensured, guaranteeing efficient heat conduction.

[0099] The submersible commercial and industrial energy storage cabinet may include an electronic expansion valve. The electronic expansion valve is connected in series at both ends of the direct cooling plate 4 near the top of the cabinet 1. The electronic expansion valve is used to control the flow rate of refrigerant into the direct cooling plate 4.

[0100] In this embodiment, electronic expansion valves are connected in series at both ends of the direct cooling plate 4 near the top of the cabinet 1. The refrigerant flow can be precisely controlled according to the cooling requirements of the battery 3 and the operating status of the system, thereby improving the accuracy and uniformity of temperature control.

[0101] refer to Figure 4 The direct-cooling unit 5 is connected to the direct-cooling plate 4 through pipelines, which may include external pipelines 562.

[0102] External piping 562 is located outside the cabinet 1. There are two external piping lines 562, and each of the two external piping lines 562 is connected to the direct cooling unit through a shut-off valve 561. The shut-off valve 561 facilitates flow control and shut-off of the piping, and makes it convenient to maintain or isolate the piping or the direct cooling unit when needed.

[0103] The piping may include internal piping 563. Internal piping 563 is located inside the battery compartment 11. There are two internal piping 563. One end of each internal piping 563 is connected to two external piping 562. The other ends of the two internal piping 563 are connected to both ends of the direct cooling plate 4 through a liquid distributor 564.

[0104] External piping 562 is connected to the direct-cooling unit via shut-off valve 561, and internal piping 563 is connected to both ends of the direct-cooling plate 4 within the battery compartment 11 via a distributor, ensuring that the refrigerant can be evenly distributed to each direct-cooling plate 4. External piping 562, internal piping 563, and distributor 564 can be disassembled and installed individually, facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of each component.

[0105] Furthermore, the front side wall of the battery compartment 11 has two through-wall holes, through which the internal piping 563 and the external piping 562 are connected. The through-wall holes are located at the top of the front side wall of the battery compartment 11 to prevent coolant leakage.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 7 The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a housing 51, which is located inside the equipment compartment 12. The outer contour of the housing 51 is a flat rectangular parallelepiped, and it is placed horizontally inside the equipment compartment 12.

[0107] The housing 51 is provided with a return air vent 511, which is connected to the internal accommodating space of the housing 51. The return air vent 511 serves as an inlet for external air to flow into the housing 51, allowing external airflow to return to the housing 51.

[0108] The housing 51 is provided with an air outlet 512, which is connected to the internal accommodating space of the housing 51. The air outlet 512 serves as an outlet for airflow from inside the housing 51, allowing airflow from the accommodating space to flow out.

[0109] The return air vent 511 and the air outlet 512 are arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction of the cabinet 1. The return air vent 511 is located on the front side of the housing 51, and the air outlet 512 is located on the rear side of the housing 51. Waterproof louvers and insect screens can be installed at the air outlet 512 and the return air vent 511.

[0110] The equipment compartment 12 is arranged through the thickness of the cabinet 1. The through part of the equipment compartment 12 is arranged in correspondence with the return air port 511 and the air outlet 512 so that the direct cooling unit 5 can return and exhaust air to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the return and exhaust air of the direct cooling unit 5.

[0111] refer to Figure 8 The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a compressor 52, which is located inside the housing 51 and near the return air inlet 511. The compressor 52 is the core component of the direct-cooling unit 5. By placing the compressor 52 near the return air inlet 511, the external airflow entering the housing 51 from the return air inlet 511 can first cool the compressor 52.

[0112] The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a heat exchanger 53, which is located inside the casing 51 and is used for heat exchange with the air inside the casing 51. The compressor 52, the heat exchanger 53, and the direct-cooling plate 4 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a refrigerant circulation loop.

[0113] The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a four-way valve, which is located inside the housing 51 and between the compressor 52 and the return air inlet 511. The four-way valve is connected in the refrigerant circulation loop and is used to switch the refrigerant flow direction so that the direct-cooling unit 5 can switch between cooling and heating.

[0114] The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a cooling fan 58, which is located inside the housing 51 and positioned relative to the compressor 52 near the air outlet 512. (Reference) Figure 7 , 8 The cooling fan 58 is located between the heat exchanger 53 and the air outlet 512. When the cooling fan 58 operates, it draws air out of the housing 51, creating a negative pressure that draws outside air into the housing 51 through the return air outlet 511. As the air flows through the heat exchanger 53, it carries away the heat generated by the heat exchanger 53, improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0115] Continue to refer to Figure 8 The compressor 52 is located in the middle between the heat exchanger 53 and the return air inlet 511, which can prevent the center of gravity of the direct cooling unit 5 from shifting too much to the left or right.

[0116] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 An electrical control box 57 is installed inside the housing 1. The electrical control box 57 is located between the compressor and the side panel of the housing. The electrical control box can be a pull-out, detachable type.

[0117] The electrical control box 57 contains an electrical control board, which is electrically connected to the compressor 52, cooling fan 58, and other electrical components of the direct-cooling unit 5 via connecting wires.

[0118] Understandably, the electronic control board is configured to control at least the compressor 52 and the cooling fan 58, thereby controlling the operation of the entire direct cooling unit 5 and realizing the function of temperature control of the battery 3.

[0119] refer to Figure 9 The electrical control box 57 is located between the heat exchanger 53 and the return air vent 511. A refrigerant pipe assembly is provided at the end of the heat exchanger 53 away from the electrical control box 57 along its length, to avoid it being too close to the electrical control box and affecting the connection of the refrigerant pipe assembly.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 10The cabinet 1 includes a lower compartment 13 located below the equipment compartment 12 and having an opening on its front side. Multiple lower compartments 13 may be provided, and each lower compartment 13 is used to accommodate at least one energy storage converter (PCS).

[0121] The energy storage converter 8 can realize the conversion of electrical energy between the battery 3 (which usually outputs DC power) and the grid or load (which mostly requires AC power). This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0122] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 10 The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a cabinet door 9, which is rotatably connected to the cabinet body 1 and is used to open or close the opening of the lower compartment 13 and the through section at the front of the equipment compartment 12. When the lower compartment 13 is open, the external pipeline 562 is exposed to the outside; when the lower compartment 13 is closed, the external pipeline 562 is covered by the cabinet door 9.

[0123] In some embodiments of this application, two cooling fans 58 are spaced apart along the width direction of the cabinet 1, and the two cooling fans 58 are mounted on the housing 51 through the same fan bracket 71.

[0124] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation effect is improved by setting two cooling fans 58.

[0125] Furthermore, by mounting the two cooling fans 58 on the same fan bracket 71, making them a single integrated fan module, the entire fan module can be pre-assembled as a whole before installation, and then installed as a whole inside the housing 51, thereby improving assembly efficiency and reducing assembly difficulty.

[0126] refer to Figure 9 In this embodiment, the fan bracket 71 may include a main mounting plate 711 extending to the left and right. The two ends of the main mounting plate 711 in the length direction are connected to the housing 51 and are spaced apart from the air outlet 512.

[0127] Continue to refer to Figure 9 The fan bracket 71 may include a U-shaped bracket 712, the open end of which is fixedly connected to the main mounting plate 711. The main mounting plate 711 has a through portion corresponding to the air intake end of the two cooling fans 58. The air intake end of the cooling fans 58 is fixedly connected to the main mounting plate 711, and the air outlet end of the cooling fans 58 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped bracket 712.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, a baffle plate 72 is provided between two adjacent cooling fans 58.

[0129] refer to Figure 8The baffle plate 72 is connected to the fan bracket 71. By setting the baffle plate 72 between the two cooling fans 58, the mutual influence of the air fields can be avoided, and the heat dissipation requirements of the direct cooling unit 5 during operation can be guaranteed.

[0130] In some embodiments of this application, the direct-cooling unit 5 further includes a refrigerant heater 50 connected in the refrigerant circulation loop, and the refrigerant heater 50 is connected to the pipeline between the compressor 52 and the direct-cooling plate 4.

[0131] By adding a refrigerant heater 50 to the refrigerant circulation loop, the heating capacity in low-temperature environments is improved, solving the problem of insufficient heating capacity of existing energy storage cabinets in low-temperature environments.

[0132] Specifically, during low-temperature heating, the refrigerant heater 50 is turned on to heat the refrigerant discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor 52. The heated refrigerant then enters the direct cooling plate 4, where it undergoes condensation and heat exchange. After passing through the heat exchanger 53, it returns to the suction port of the compressor 52, completing the heating cycle.

[0133] In some embodiments of this application, the direct-cooling unit 5 may include an economizer 55.

[0134] refer to Figure 11 The economizer 55 has a first passage that connects the heat exchanger 53 and the direct cooling plate 4.

[0135] The economizer 55 has a second passage defined within it, and the first passage and the second passage are not connected to each other. One end of the second passage is connected to the end of the direct cooling plate 4 away from the heat exchanger 53, and both ends of the second passage are connected to the compressor 52 through the same three-way valve 59.

[0136] The function of the economizer 55 is to absorb heat through the throttling and evaporation of the refrigerant, thereby subcooling another part of the refrigerant. The economizer 55 can provide additional subcooling for the refrigerant and can also limit the overheating of the refrigerant vapor coming out of the direct cooling plate 4.

[0137] It should be noted that the economizer 55 is a common component in existing technology, and its working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0138] In some embodiments of this application, the direct cooling unit 5 may include a liquid receiver connected between the heat exchanger 53 and the first passage of the economizer 55.

[0139] In some embodiments of this application, the direct-cooling unit 5 may include an oil separator 522, which is connected to the exhaust pipe of the compressor 52. The oil separator 522 can separate the lubricating oil in the refrigerant and return it to the compressor 52, ensuring that the compressor 52 has enough lubricating oil for lubrication and cooling, and avoiding damage to the compressor 52 due to lack of oil.

[0140] The direct-cooling unit 5 may include a gas-liquid separator 521, which is connected to the suction line of the compressor 52. It can separate the liquid part of the refrigerant and only allow the gaseous refrigerant to enter the compressor 52, thereby effectively preventing liquid slugging.

[0141] In some embodiments of this application, the direct cooling unit 5 may include a throttling device 54, which is connected between the heat exchanger 53 and the direct cooling plate 4, and is used to expand the condensed high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant.

[0142] Specifically, during refrigeration, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 52. The exhaust gas from the compressor 52 passes through the oil separator 522 for oil-gas separation. The gaseous refrigerant enters the heat exchanger 53 for heat exchange and condensation. The separated oil from the compressor 52 enters the suction line of the compressor 52 through the oil return system. The condensed refrigerant is subcooled by the economizer 55 to increase the subcooling degree and improve the refrigeration effect.

[0143] The subcooled refrigerant is throttled by the throttling device 54 and then enters each direct cooling plate 4 through the shut-off valve 561 and the distributor 564. The refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the direct cooling plate 4, cooling the battery 3. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the economizer 55 through the three-way valve 59 and is separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 521 to prevent liquid from being drawn into the compressor 52.

[0144] During heating, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by compressor 52. The exhaust gas from compressor 52 passes through oil separator 522 for oil-gas separation. The separated oil from compressor 52 enters the suction line of compressor 52 through the oil return system. By switching via a four-way valve, the refrigerant discharged from compressor 52 first passes through economizer 55 for condensation, and then passes through distributor 564 into each direct cooling plate 4 to ensure uniform distribution. It continues to condense and release heat on the direct cooling plate 4 to heat battery 3.

[0145] The flow rate into the economizer 55 is regulated by the three-way valve 59 to ensure that the temperature of the refrigerant entering the direct cooling plate 4 is within a suitable range. After condensation, the refrigerant passes through the shut-off valve 561, then through the throttling device 54, and then through the economizer 55 and the outdoor heat exchanger 53 for evaporation before returning to the suction line of the compressor 52 to complete the heating cycle.

[0146] During low-temperature heating, the refrigerant heater 50 is turned on to heat the refrigerant. The refrigerant is then compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 52. The exhaust gas from the compressor 52 enters the direct cooling plate 4, where it undergoes condensation and heat exchange. At this time, the throttling device 54 is fully open, and the gas returns to the intake after passing through the economizer 55 and the outdoor heat exchanger 53, completing the low-temperature heating cycle. The throttling device 54 can be an electronic expansion valve.

[0147] In some other embodiments, the interior of the cabinet 1 is defined by a battery compartment 11 and an equipment compartment 12 arranged along its own height. The battery compartment 11 is located near the top of the cabinet 1 relative to the equipment compartment 12.

[0148] The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include an energy storage component, which is located in the battery compartment 11.

[0149] refer to Figure 6 The energy storage component may include a battery frame 2, the interior of which is defined with a plurality of receiving portions 22 for accommodating batteries 3.

[0150] The energy storage component may include a direct cooling plate 4, which is mounted on the battery frame 2 and is used for heat exchange with the battery 3.

[0151] The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a direct cooling unit 5, which is installed in the equipment compartment 12 and connected to a direct cooling plate 4 to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate 4. Through the direct cooling unit 5 and the direct cooling plate 4, the temperature of the battery 3 is directly controlled, eliminating the need for a liquid cooling system. The refrigerant directly exchanges heat with the battery cells of the battery 3 through the direct cooling plate 4, improving heat exchange efficiency, saving costs, and avoiding the risk of short circuits in the cells caused by leakage from the liquid cooling system.

[0152] The battery compartment 11 is filled with coolant, which submerges the energy storage components. The receiving section 22 is connected to the battery compartment 11, and the battery 3 is installed in the receiving section 22. This arrangement allows coolant to enter the receiving section 22, thereby submerging the battery 3. By combining refrigerant direct cooling technology with battery 3 immersion technology, the advantages of direct cooling technology, such as rapid response and improved heat exchange efficiency, are integrated while ensuring the temperature uniformity and safety of the battery cells.

[0153] The submersible industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include an installation port 14, which is located at the top of the cabinet 1 and is used for the entry and exit of coolant and energy storage components into and out of the battery compartment 11.

[0154] The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet 100 may include a top cover 6, which is disposed on the top of the cabinet body 1 to open or close the battery compartment 11.

[0155] In this embodiment, the mounting port 14 at the top of the cabinet 1 provides a convenient channel for the entry and exit of coolant and battery frame 2, which facilitates the hoisting of the entire energy storage component into the battery compartment 11 during installation and maintenance. It also facilitates the injection and drainage of coolant, which helps to simplify the installation and maintenance process and improve the convenience of operation.

[0156] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0157] For ease of explanation, the above description has been provided in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, the above exemplary discussion is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the specific forms disclosed above. Various modifications and variations can be obtained based on the above teachings. The selection and description of the above embodiments are for the purpose of better explaining the principles and practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better utilize the described embodiments and various different variations of embodiments suitable for specific use considerations.

Claims

1. An immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, include: The cabinet contains a battery compartment and an equipment compartment arranged along its own height, with the battery compartment located near the top of the cabinet relative to the equipment compartment. A battery frame is disposed in the battery compartment, and a battery and a direct cooling plate are mounted on the battery frame. The direct cooling plate is used for heat exchange with the battery. A direct cooling unit is installed in the equipment compartment. The direct cooling unit is connected to the direct cooling plate through pipelines to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate. The battery compartment is filled with coolant, which submerges the battery and the direct cooling plate. An installation port is provided at the top of the cabinet and is connected to the battery compartment for the coolant and the battery frame to enter and exit the battery compartment. A detachable top cover is attached to the top of the cabinet to open or close the battery compartment.

2. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple direct cooling plates are arranged in parallel, and the multiple direct cooling plates are spaced apart along the height direction of the cabinet within the battery frame. The batteries are correspondingly located between two adjacent direct cooling plates, and the bottom surface of the direct cooling plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the corresponding battery.

3. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple support plates are fixedly installed at intervals along the height direction of the cabinet within the battery frame, and the multiple direct cooling plates are supported one-to-one on the top surface of the multiple support plates.

4. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, Among the multiple direct cooling plates, electronic expansion valves are connected in series at both ends of the direct cooling plate near the top of the cabinet. The electronic expansion valves are used to control the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the direct cooling plate.

5. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipeline includes: The external piping is located outside the cabinet, and there are two external piping lines, each connected to the direct cooling unit via a shut-off valve. The internal piping is located inside the battery compartment. There are two internal piping systems, one end of which is connected to two external piping systems respectively. The other ends of the two internal piping systems are connected to the two ends of the direct cooling plate respectively through a liquid separator.

6. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment compartment is arranged through the thickness direction of the cabinet, and the direct cooling unit includes: The housing is located inside the equipment compartment. The housing is provided with a return air inlet and an air outlet, which are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the cabinet. A cooling fan is disposed inside the housing and located near the air outlet; A heat exchanger is disposed inside the housing and is located on the side of the cooling fan near the return air inlet; The compressor is located inside the housing and in the middle between the heat exchanger and the return air inlet. The compressor, the heat exchanger and the direct cooling plate are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a refrigerant circulation loop.

7. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two cooling fans are spaced apart along the width of the cabinet. The two cooling fans are mounted on the housing via the same fan bracket, and a baffle is provided between two adjacent cooling fans.

8. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The direct-cooling unit also includes a refrigerant heater connected in the refrigerant circulation loop, and the refrigerant heater is connected to the pipeline between the compressor and the direct-cooling plate.

9. The immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The direct-cooling unit also includes: An economizer has a first passage and a second passage that are not interconnected. The first passage connects the heat exchanger and the direct cooling plate. One end of the second passage is connected to the end of the direct cooling plate away from the heat exchanger, and both ends of the second passage are connected to the compressor through the same three-way valve.

10. An immersion-type industrial and commercial energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, include: The cabinet contains a battery compartment and an equipment compartment arranged along its own height, with the battery compartment located near the top of the cabinet relative to the equipment compartment. An energy storage component is disposed in the battery compartment, the energy storage component comprising: A battery frame having a plurality of receiving portions therein, the receiving portions being in communication with the battery compartment; The battery is installed in the receiving part; A direct cooling plate is installed on the battery frame for heat exchange with the battery; A direct cooling unit is installed in the equipment compartment. The direct cooling unit is connected to the direct cooling plate to provide refrigerant to the direct cooling plate. The battery compartment is filled with coolant, which submerges the energy storage component. An installation port is provided at the top of the cabinet and is connected to the battery compartment for the coolant and the energy storage components to enter and exit the battery compartment. A detachable top cover is attached to the top of the cabinet to open or close the battery compartment.

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