Multi-layer silage pit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-layer silage silo, and belongs to the field of livestock feed storage. The device comprises a bottom surface and a plurality of parallel side walls which are vertically arranged, and a storage space is defined by the bottom surface and the side walls. Detachable hollow partition plates are arranged in the space to vertically divide the storage space into a plurality of storage layers. Corresponding notches are formed in the bottom face and the partition plate, the notch in the bottom face is communicated with the water storage pool, and the notch in the partition plate is communicated with the inner cavity and used for collecting and discharging percolate. A flow guide channel is formed in the side wall and connected with each sewage draining outlet, so that seepage is rapidly drained, and retention and mildew are prevented. And the porous cover plate and the filter holes can effectively prevent blockage and odor. Stairs are arranged on the side walls to facilitate operation. A closed oxygen-free environment is formed after the silage film is covered, feed fermentation is promoted, and the storage quality is improved. The device is compact in structure, efficient in liquid drainage and suitable for large-scale preparation and storage of silage.

Description

A multi-layer silage pit Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of livestock feed, specifically to a multi-layer silage pit. Background Technology

[0002] As animal husbandry continues to develop towards large-scale and intensive operations, silage, as an important means of ensuring a stable supply of green fodder for herbivores such as cattle and sheep throughout the year, has been widely promoted and applied in modern animal husbandry. Silage technology refers to sealing and storing green fodder with high moisture content (such as corn stalks, sweet sorghum, alfalfa, etc.) in a sealed pile, and then allowing it to ferment naturally under anaerobic conditions to produce organic acids such as lactic acid, thereby achieving the purpose of antibacterial, antiseptic, and preservation. This technology has not only significantly improved the utilization efficiency of feed resources and reduced breeding costs, but has also become a key component of the modern animal husbandry production system.

[0003] However, during the composting and storage of silage, due to the high moisture content of the raw materials, coupled with the combined effects of compaction and microbial fermentation, a large amount of leachate often forms in the silage pile. Leachate refers to the mixed liquid that seeps out from the green fodder during the silage process under gravity pressing or biochemical reactions, especially in the early stages of fermentation. This type of liquid is highly corrosive, polluting, and volatile, rich in volatile components such as ammonia, volatile fatty acids, and sulfides. It is not only one of the main sources of odor in pastures but also easily pollutes the surrounding environment. In addition, if the leachate stagnates or flows back inside the silage pile, it will not only disrupt the local anaerobic environment and induce mold growth but may also lead to fermentation failure, loss of nutrients, and even feed spoilage, seriously affecting the quality of silage and feeding safety.

[0004] CN209283774U discloses a silage pit structure that reduces odor leakage to some extent by changing the traditional open ditch drainage system to a closed ditch system. However, the device still has the problem of low efficiency in leachate discharge, especially the leachate in the center of the pile is difficult to discharge effectively, which can easily cause the feed in that area to become moldy, affecting the quality and storage stability of the silage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to overcome the problems of poor drainage of leachate inside silage pits, difficulty in draining leachate from the central area of ​​the pile, and easy mold growth of feed in existing technologies, and provides a multi-layer silage pit. This silage pit divides the overall storage space into multiple independent storage layers by setting multiple detachable hollow partitions between two adjacent side walls, effectively improving the collection and drainage efficiency of leachate and ensuring the fermentation quality and storage safety of silage.

[0006] This objective is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-layer silage pit includes a bottom surface, on which several parallel side walls are vertically arranged, and the bottom surface and two adjacent side walls together enclose a storage space.

[0008] Several horizontally extending hollow partitions are detachably provided between two adjacent side walls, and the hollow partitions divide the storage space into several storage layers stacked vertically.

[0009] The bottom surface and the upper surface of the hollow partition are provided with several slots. The slots on the bottom surface are connected to the water storage tank below it, and the slots on the upper surface of the hollow partition are connected to its inner cavity.

[0010] In existing technologies, to reduce the odor leakage caused by leachate from silage pits, some solutions replace the original open drainage ditches at the bottom with closed underground drainage structures. While this does suppress odor diffusion to some extent, the drainage efficiency of underground drainage structures is low. Due to their closed channels, the liquid flow rate is slow, and they are prone to blockage due to impurity accumulation. Especially when the amount of leachate increases sharply in the early stages of silage, it cannot be discharged in time, causing the liquid to accumulate at the bottom of the pile. Furthermore, setting drainage channels only at the bottom cannot effectively cover the entire pile structure. In particular, leachate in the center and upper middle layers of the pile cannot be directly guided to the bottom underground drainage ditch by gravity, causing the liquid to stagnate inside, disrupting the local anaerobic environment, and inducing mold and deterioration.

[0011] This application solves the problem of liquid retention in the center and upper part of the pile by setting several detachable hollow partitions between adjacent sidewalls and opening slots on the upper surface of each hollow partition to connect with the internal cavity of the partition. This allows the exudate from each storage layer to be collected by the hollow partition of that layer, effectively solving the problem of liquid retention in the center and upper part of the pile. Furthermore, since each storage layer is separated by hollow partitions, it forms a relatively independent fermentation unit. If the silage in one storage layer deteriorates, its deteriorated liquid or gas is difficult to diffuse to adjacent layers, effectively inhibiting the risk of mold spread and ensuring the overall silage quality.

[0012] Preferably, the inner end faces of the adjacent sidewalls are symmetrically provided with grooves extending horizontally along the length of the sidewalls, and the two ends of the hollow partition are slidably fitted in the grooves;

[0013] This structural design allows for easy installation and disassembly of the hollow partitions, facilitating flexible adjustment of the number and spacing of each storage layer according to silage requirements, thus enhancing the adaptability and modularity of the device. At the same time, the sliding fit structure ensures the stability of the partitions while facilitating independent maintenance or replacement of individual silage layers in the later stages, further enhancing the practicality and maintainability of the device.

[0014] Preferably, the inner end faces of the adjacent sidewalls are symmetrically provided with support blocks that extend horizontally along the length of the sidewalls, and the two ends of the hollow partition are supported on the support blocks;

[0015] Compared to groove structures, support blocks offer greater ease of processing and structural strength, making them suitable for silage layer designs with large spans or high loads, and helping to improve the overall durability and load-bearing capacity of silage pits.

[0016] Preferably, each of the hollow partitions has a drain port on its side that communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow partition, and the drain port is used to drain the accumulated liquid in the inner cavity of the hollow partition.

[0017] This design allows the exudate in the inner cavity of each hollow partition to be discharged in a timely manner, preventing the liquid from stagnating in the inner cavity of the partition, thereby effectively avoiding the deterioration of the fermentation environment and feed mold caused by liquid accumulation; at the same time, the setting of the drain outlet facilitates the connection and maintenance of the drainage channel, improving the smoothness and reliability of the entire multi-layer silage pit drainage system.

[0018] Preferably, the side wall is provided with a flow guiding channel, which is connected to the sewage outlet of each hollow partition and to the water storage tank below the bottom surface;

[0019] This solution connects the drain outlets of each hollow partition through a diversion channel, enabling the simultaneous collection of leachate from multiple storage layers. This overcomes the traditional technology's reliance on the bottom drainage channel for leachate discharge, effectively avoiding liquid stagnation and localized accumulation. It also ensures the long-term stable operation of the drainage system, especially during the initial stage of silage when leachate volume surges, allowing for rapid diversion and protecting the fermentation environment of the silage pile.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom surface of the hollow partition has an arched structure with a raised center and a sunken perimeter, which is used to drain the accumulated liquid in the hollow partition to the drain outlet.

[0021] This dome shape effectively prevents liquid from stagnating in the center of the partition, promotes rapid aggregation and drainage of the liquid, improves drainage efficiency, and reduces the risk of blockage. Timely removal of exudate can prevent the destruction of the anaerobic environment caused by local liquid stagnation, thereby inhibiting the growth of mold and putrefactive microorganisms and significantly improving the fermentation quality of silage. In addition, the dome structure enhances the mechanical strength of the inner cavity of the partition, improves the load-bearing capacity, and can adapt to the pressure and weight changes of multi-layer piles, effectively extending the service life of the equipment.

[0022] Preferably, staircase structures for people to climb are symmetrically provided at the same end of the two adjacent side walls;

[0023] The staircase structure facilitates safe and convenient access for staff to inspect each storage layer, especially during the operation, maintenance, and repair of multi-layer silage pits, greatly improving operational efficiency and safety; enhancing the overall user experience and management convenience, and meeting the actual needs of large-scale farms for silage management.

[0024] Preferably, a perforated cover plate is provided above the slot opening, and the perforated cover plate is fixed to the bottom surface or hollow partition plate by waist plates installed on both sides of the slot opening, and the perforated cover plate is provided with a plurality of filter holes;

[0025] In existing technologies, silage leachate is discharged through underground channels set at the bottom. However, due to the narrow structure of the underground channels, fine particles and impurities in the silage can easily enter the underground channels with the leachate, causing accumulation and sedimentation inside the channels, which gradually blocks the drainage channels. The blockage problem is more serious, especially when the amount of leachate is large in the early stage of silage, which affects the timely discharge of leachate, causes liquid to accumulate at the bottom of the pile, destroys the anaerobic fermentation environment, and increases the risk of feed mold and spoilage.

[0026] This application provides a perforated cover plate above the silage tank opening. The perforated cover plate is fixed to the bottom surface or a hollow partition plate by waist plates installed on both sides of the tank opening. The perforated cover plate has several filter holes, which effectively prevents fine particles and impurities in the silage from entering the tank opening and the drainage channel below it, preventing the drainage channel from being blocked by the accumulation of impurities. It also effectively prevents the odor of the silage leachate from escaping through the tank opening, reduces odor leakage, improves the air quality of the surrounding environment, and ensures the safety and comfort of the working environment for the workers.

[0027] Preferably, a plurality of strip-shaped holes parallel to the slot are provided on the waist plates located on both sides of the slot.

[0028] The strip-shaped holes complement the filter holes on the porous cover, increasing the channel area for leachate to enter the tank and ensuring that the leachate can flow smoothly into the drainage channel. At the same time, the strip-shaped hole design can prevent large particles from clogging the tank and improve drainage efficiency, effectively promoting the timely discharge of leachate inside the silage pile and ensuring the stability and hygiene of the silage environment.

[0029] Preferably, a silage film is provided between the upper edges of the adjacent sidewalls;

[0030] The storage space is sealed, which effectively blocks air from entering the storage space, prevents oxygen from oxidizing the silage and causing microbial contamination, promotes the reproduction and active fermentation of beneficial microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria, thereby improving the preservation effect and nutritional value of the silage.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0032] 1. Multi-layer partition design improves drainage efficiency; by setting multiple detachable hollow partitions between adjacent side walls, the storage space is divided into multiple independent storage layers, realizing the effective collection and discharge of leachate from each layer, avoiding liquid stagnation in the center and upper area of ​​the pile, and significantly improving the problems of liquid accumulation and poor drainage caused by the traditional single bottom drainage channel.

[0033] 2. Independent fermentation units inhibit the spread of mold; each storage layer is isolated from the others, forming a relatively independent fermentation space. Once a layer deteriorates, the deteriorated liquid and gas are difficult to spread to adjacent layers, effectively reducing the risk of mold spread and ensuring the overall fermentation quality and storage safety of silage.

[0034] 3. Modular structure facilitates adjustment and maintenance; hollow partitions are slidably fitted by grooves or supported by support blocks, which facilitates disassembly and assembly and adjustment of the number of layers and spacing, enhancing the adaptability and modularity of the device, while also facilitating single-layer maintenance or replacement, improving practicality and maintenance convenience;

[0035] 4. High-efficiency drainage channel design avoids blockage; the hollow partition is equipped with a drain outlet, and the side wall has a guide channel that connects to the bottom water storage tank to realize the rapid collection and discharge of multi-layer leachate; the dome-shaped inner cavity structure promotes the concentrated discharge of accumulated liquid, prevents liquid retention and channel blockage, and improves the stability and efficiency of the drainage system.

[0036] 5. Odor control and environmental improvement: A perforated cover plate with a strip hole design is installed above the tank opening to effectively block particulate matter in the seepage from entering the drainage channel, reduce blockage, and at the same time suppress odor leakage, improve the surrounding air quality, and enhance the safety and comfort of the working environment for operators.

[0037] 6. Safe and convenient operation and maintenance facilities; the side walls are equipped with staircases, which facilitate personnel to safely enter each storage layer for inspection and maintenance, improve operational efficiency and safety, and meet the silage management needs of large-scale farms;

[0038] 7. The closed fermentation environment ensures feed quality; covering the silage with silage film creates a closed anaerobic environment, effectively preventing oxygen from entering, promoting the fermentation of beneficial lactic acid bacteria, and improving the preservation effect and nutritional value of silage. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in Figure 2.

[0042] Among them, 1-bottom surface, 2-side wall, 3-storage space, 4-hollow partition, 5-storage layer, 6-groove opening, 7-water tank, 8-groove, 9-support block, 10-drain outlet, 11-drainage channel, 12-bottom surface of inner cavity, 13-staircase structure, 14-perforated cover plate, 15-waist plate, 16-filter hole, 17-strip hole, 18-silage film. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features within them can be combined with each other.

[0044] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a multi-layer silage pit includes a bottom surface 1, on which several parallel side walls 2 are vertically arranged. The bottom surface 1 and two adjacent side walls 2 together enclose a storage space 3. An end wall can also be provided at one end of the parallel side walls 2. The end wall is perpendicular to the side wall 2, forming several storage spaces 3 that open toward the side opposite to the end wall.

[0047] Several horizontally extending hollow partitions 4 are detachably provided between two adjacent sidewalls 2. The hollow partitions 4 have cavities inside. The material used for the hollow partitions 4 should have high strength, high rigidity and excellent corrosion resistance. It is preferably made of plastic, stainless steel plate or composite material. The hollow partitions 4 divide the storage space 3 into several storage layers 5 stacked vertically. In this embodiment, two hollow partitions 4 are used to divide the storage space 3 into three storage layers 5.

[0048] Both the bottom surface 1 and the upper surface of the hollow partition 4 are provided with a number of slots 6. The slots 6 on the bottom surface 1 are connected to the water storage tank 7 below it to guide and collect leachate. The slots 6 on the upper surface of the hollow partition 4 are connected to its inner cavity to ensure that the leachate from each layer can flow smoothly into the inner cavity of the hollow partition 4. The inner cavity of the hollow partition 4 serves as a collection cavity for silage leachate.

[0049] The inner end faces of the adjacent sidewalls 2 are symmetrically provided with grooves 8 extending horizontally along the length of the sidewalls 2. The two ends of the hollow partition 4 are slidably fitted in the grooves 8, thereby realizing the hollow partition 4. Alternatively, the inner end faces of the adjacent sidewalls 2 are symmetrically provided with support blocks 9 extending horizontally along the length of the sidewalls 2. The two ends of the hollow partition 4 are supported on the support blocks 9. This realizes the stable installation and convenient disassembly of the hollow partition 4, which not only improves the structural stability of the device, but also facilitates operation during cleaning, maintenance or replacement.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Based on the above embodiment 1, each of the hollow partitions 4 is provided with a drain port 10 communicating with the inner cavity of the hollow partition 4. The drain port 10 is used to drain the accumulated liquid in the inner cavity of the hollow partition 4. The drain port 10 is located on the side of the hollow partition 4 facing the opening of the storage space 3, which facilitates the operator to manually pump out the liquid from the opening of the storage space 3. The operator can insert a hand pump into the drain port 10 to realize the timely discharge of the seepage liquid in the inner cavity of the hollow partition 4, thereby effectively preventing liquid stagnation and avoiding problems such as spoilage and odor caused by liquid accumulation, and further ensuring the hygiene and stability of the silage environment.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Based on the above embodiment 2, the drain outlet 10 is provided on both sides of the hollow partition 4 and the side wall 2. The side wall 2 is provided with a guide channel 11. The guide channel 11 is connected to the drain outlet 10 of multiple hollow partitions 4 respectively, and further connected to the water storage tank 7 provided below the bottom surface 1. By setting the guide channel 11, the liquid accumulated in the cavity of the hollow partition 4 in multiple storage layers can be centrally guided and discharged, which helps to improve the liquid discharge efficiency, reduce manual operation, and ensure the cleanliness of the silage environment and the continuity of operation.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Based on the above embodiment 2, the inner cavity bottom surface 12 of the hollow partition 4 has an arched structure with a raised center and a sunken perimeter, which causes the liquid in the cavity to automatically collect near the drain outlet 10 under the action of gravity. The inner cavity bottom surface 12 of the hollow partition 4 can also have a pyramidal or pyramidal structure, that is, the center of the inner cavity bottom surface 12 of the hollow partition 4 extends obliquely downward to form multiple inclined structures. This structure also has a good flow guiding effect, which is conducive to the concentrated discharge of the liquid towards the drain outlet 10.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] Based on the above embodiment 1, the two adjacent side walls 2 are symmetrically provided with staircase structures 13 for people to climb at the same end; this facilitates the operation of filling, compacting or inspecting each storage layer 5 by the operators.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] Based on the above embodiment 1, referring to Figure 3, a perforated cover plate 14 is provided above the trough 6 to prevent impurities, large particles, or silage from clogging the trough 6, while allowing leachate to pass smoothly. The perforated cover plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface 1 or the upper surface of the hollow partition 4 by waist plates 15 installed on both sides of the trough 6, which is structurally stable and easy to disassemble and clean. A plurality of filter holes 16 are evenly opened on the perforated cover plate 14. The pore diameter of the filter holes 16 is optimized according to the particle size in the silage leachate to achieve effective filtration and ensure that the leachate enters the bottom water storage tank 7 or the inner cavity of the hollow partition 4 smoothly, thereby improving the drainage efficiency and extending the service life of the device.

[0060] The waist plates 15 located on both sides of the trough 6 are provided with a number of strip-shaped holes 17 that communicate with the trough 6. The setting of the strip-shaped holes 17 increases the channel area for leachate to enter the trough 6, ensuring that the leachate can smoothly seep into the drainage channel. At the same time, the design of the strip-shaped holes 17 can not only prevent large particles from blocking the silage, but also significantly improve the drainage efficiency, effectively promote the timely discharge of leachate inside the pile, and ensure the stability and hygiene of the silage environment.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] Based on the above embodiment 1, in order to further reduce the emission of odor from silage leachate, a silage film 18 is provided between the upper edges of the adjacent sidewalls 2. The silage film 18 seals the storage space 3, effectively blocking the entry of air and the escape of odor, thereby improving the quality of silage and improving the storage environment.

[0063] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-layer silage pit, comprising a bottom surface (1), wherein a plurality of parallel side walls (2) are vertically arranged on the bottom surface (1), and the bottom surface (1) and two adjacent side walls (2) together enclose a storage space (3), characterized in that: Several horizontally extending hollow partitions (4) are detachably provided between the two adjacent side walls (2). The hollow partitions (4) divide the storage space (3) into several storage layers (5) stacked vertically. Several slots (6) are provided on the bottom surface (1) and the upper surface of the hollow partitions (4). The slots (6) on the bottom surface (1) are connected to the water storage tank (7) below it. The slots (6) on the upper surface of the hollow partitions (4) are connected to its inner cavity.

2. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end faces of the adjacent sidewalls (2) are symmetrically provided with grooves (8) extending horizontally along the length of the sidewalls (2), and the two ends of the hollow partition (4) are slidably fitted in the grooves (8).

3. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end face of the adjacent sidewall (2) is symmetrically provided with support blocks (9) extending horizontally along the length direction of the sidewall (2), and the two ends of the hollow partition (4) are supported on the support blocks (9).

4. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the hollow partitions (4) has a drain port (10) on its side that connects to the inner cavity of the hollow partition (4). The drain port (10) is used to drain the accumulated liquid in the inner cavity of the hollow partition (4).

5. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall (2) is provided with a flow channel (11), which is connected to the drain outlet (10) of each hollow partition (4) and to the water storage tank (7) below the bottom surface (1).

6. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cavity bottom surface (12) of the hollow partition (4) has an arched structure with a raised center and a sunken perimeter, which is used to drain the accumulated liquid in the inner cavity of the hollow partition (4) to the drain outlet (10).

7. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent side walls (2) are symmetrically provided with staircase structures (13) for people to climb.

8. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A perforated cover plate (14) is provided above the slot (6). The perforated cover plate (14) is fixed to the bottom surface (1) or the hollow partition plate (4) by waist plates (15) installed on both sides of the slot (6). A number of filter holes (16) are provided on the perforated cover plate (14).

9. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Several strip holes (17) parallel to the slot (6) are provided on the waist plates (15) on both sides of the slot (6).

10. The multi-layer silage pit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper edges of the adjacent sidewalls (2) are covered with silage film (18).

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