Cofferdam body unit of cofferdam

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy cofferdams, in particular to a cofferdam body unit of a cofferdam. The cofferdam body unit provided by the utility model has good wave dissipation performance and stable performance, and comprises a cofferdam wall body, an auxiliary supporting part, a wave dissipation module and an extension part, wherein the cofferdam wall body, the wave dissipation module and the extension part form a concave upstream face, the concave upstream face can play a role in wave dissipation and flow guide on waves, and the upper layer holes and the lower layer holes which are evenly distributed in the cofferdam wall body are matched, so that water flow can be evenly distributed, and the impact effect of the water flow on the cofferdam body and the cofferdam area is reduced; furthermore, a cavity is further formed in the top of the cofferdam wall body and filled with solid filler, and the comprehensive effects of reducing the self weight, purifying water, reducing the cost, stopping silt loss, reutilizing solid waste and the like can be achieved at the same time; in addition, a pendant of a two-section type bevel structure is further arranged on the lower portion of the extending portion, oyster adsorption and fixation are facilitated, and the cofferdam body is secondarily reinforced through biological glue.

Description

A type of cofferdam body unit Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy cofferdam technology, and in particular to a cofferdam body unit. Background Technology

[0002] Cofferdams are indispensable temporary water-retaining structures in water conservancy projects, mainly used to create dry construction conditions and block water flow and sediment. The stability, seepage prevention, and erosion resistance of cofferdams are directly related to the successful implementation of water conservancy projects.

[0003] Traditional cofferdam structures mainly include earth-rock cofferdams, sheet pile cofferdams, steel sheet pile cofferdams, and masonry cofferdams. These structures create water barriers using soil, sandbags, and wooden piles or plank piles, thus providing construction conditions. However, these traditional cofferdam structures have limitations such as poor wave dissipation, insufficient stability, and inability to intercept floating debris in the seawater. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of cofferdam structure that meets the requirements of both good wave dissipation and stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of developing a cofferdam structure that combines good wave-dissipating performance with stable performance, this utility model provides a cofferdam unit, including a cofferdam wall, an auxiliary support section, a wave-dissipating module, and an extension section.

[0005] The auxiliary support is a long plate structure located at the rear end of the cofferdam wall.

[0006] The wave-damping module is a sloping structure and is located at the bottom of the front end of the cofferdam wall;

[0007] The extension is a sloped structure and is located at the top of the front end of the cofferdam wall.

[0008] The cofferdam wall, wave-dissipating module, and extension form a concave water-facing surface;

[0009] The cofferdam wall has several holes;

[0010] The auxiliary support is provided with a through hole, the wave-damping module is provided with a bottom through hole, and the extension is provided with a top through hole. The bottom through hole and the top through hole are opposite to each other. The through hole, the bottom through hole, and the top through hole are all used for the through-fixation of the pile body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the top of the cofferdam wall is provided with a cavity for filling with solid filler.

[0012] In one embodiment, the length of the cavity is greater than the length of the holes arranged on the cofferdam wall, and the depth is greater than the depth of the holes arranged.

[0013] In one embodiment, the solid filler is an oyster shell with a size of 8 cm to 13 cm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the slope of the upper plane of the wave-damping module is (1:3) to (1:5), and the slope of the lower plane is (1:18) to (1:20).

[0015] In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the extension is provided with a pendant to increase oyster adsorption.

[0016] In one embodiment, the pendant has a two-section angled structure, with the angled opening facing the concave water-facing surface.

[0017] In one embodiment, the holes include upper holes and lower holes; the upper holes are arranged in an array on the cofferdam wall and pass through the cavity space to the front and rear ends of the cofferdam wall; the lower holes are arranged in an array at the front end of the cofferdam wall and are located below the upper holes.

[0018] In one embodiment, the diameter of the upper layer hole is 4 cm to 7 cm; the diameter of the lower layer hole is 1.5 cm to 3 cm.

[0019] In one embodiment, the auxiliary support portion forms an acute angle with the upper wall surface of the cofferdam wall, and the acute angle is 75°~85°.

[0020] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The cofferdam unit provided by this utility model, through the concave water-facing surface formed by the cofferdam wall, wave-dissipating module, and extension, can climb, divert, and guide the waves when the tide comes in, thereby reducing wave energy and achieving the effect of wave dissipation, flow diversion, and uniform seawater diversion. When used in cofferdam projects for the maintenance of mangroves along the coast, it can stably and permanently form a cofferdam area, has good wave-dissipating performance, and avoids the impact of seawater on mangroves.

[0022] In addition, the cofferdam unit provided by this utility model also has a top cavity structure, which can be used to fill other solid wastes such as discarded oyster shells. This not only reduces the overall weight of the cofferdam structure, but also enables simple filtration and purification of seawater, and solves the problem of solid waste disposal, which is in line with the theme of environmental protection.

[0023] Furthermore, the cofferdam unit provided by this utility model is specially designed with a two-section angled structure fixed to the extension as a pendant for oyster adsorption. The two-section angled structure conforms to the direction of the incoming waves and the direction of the guiding flow, which is conducive to the adsorption and fixation of oysters drifting with the waves. Then, the bio-glue produced by the oysters forms a secondary reinforcement for the cofferdam body, further improving the structural stability.

[0024] Other features and beneficial effects of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other beneficial effects of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cofferdam body unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main view of the cofferdam body unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 is a top view of the cofferdam body unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the right-side view of the cofferdam body unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the rear view of the cofferdam body unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100-Cofferdam wall; 110-Hole; 111-Upper hole; 112-Lower hole; 120-Cavity; 200-Auxiliary support; 210-Through hole; 300-Wave damping module; 310-Bottom through hole; 400-Extension; 410-Top through hole; 420-Hanging weight. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] This embodiment provides a cofferdam body unit, which is applied to the maintenance of mangrove cofferdams along the coast. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it includes a cofferdam wall 100, an auxiliary support 200, a wave-dissipating module 300, and an extension 400.

[0036] The auxiliary support 200 is a long plate structure and is located at the rear end of the cofferdam wall 100.

[0037] The wave-damping module 300 is a sloping structure and is located at the bottom of the front end of the cofferdam wall 100.

[0038] The extension 400 is a sloped structure and is located at the top front end of the cofferdam wall 100.

[0039] The cofferdam wall 100, wave-dissipating module 300, and extension 400 form a concave water-facing surface;

[0040] The cofferdam wall 100 is provided with a number of holes 110;

[0041] The auxiliary support 200 is provided with a through hole 210, the wave-damping module 300 is provided with a bottom through hole 310, and the extension 400 is provided with a top through hole 410. The bottom through hole 310 and the top through hole 410 are opposite each other. The through hole 210, the bottom through hole 310, and the top through hole 410 are all used for the through fixation of the pile body.

[0042] In practice, the cofferdam wall 100, auxiliary support 200, wave-damping module 300, and extension 400 are integrally cast from concrete.

[0043] In practical use, the front end of the cofferdam wall 100 faces the direction of the incoming waves, and piles are used to connect and penetrate the top through hole 410 and the bottom through hole 310 to wedge into the nearshore land in the sea; the rear end of the cofferdam wall 100 faces the mangrove mudflats, and the auxiliary support 200 rests on the mudflat ground, and piles are used to penetrate the through hole 210 to wedge into the mudflats.

[0044] It should also be noted that the pile body can be any one of wooden piles, steel piles, and concrete piles.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3, the top of the cofferdam wall 100 is provided with a cavity 120 for filling with solid filler.

[0046] The length of the cavity 120 is greater than the length of the holes 110 on the cofferdam wall 100, and the depth is greater than the depth of the holes 110.

[0047] The solid filler is an oyster shell with a size of 8 cm to 13 cm.

[0048] In practical use, water flows through the holes 110 into the cavity 120 filled with oyster shells and then into the mangrove mudflats. The densely packed oyster shells can filter floating debris in the seawater, filter and purify the water, reduce the damage of water pollution to the mangroves, and prevent the mudflats from being washed away by seawater. In addition, the design of reusing discarded oyster shells to fill the cavity can reduce the use of concrete materials, reduce the overall weight of the cofferdam structure, realize the resource utilization of solid waste, reduce costs, and is more environmentally friendly.

[0049] It should also be noted that the solid filler can also be other biological solid waste with a size of 8 cm to 13 cm.

[0050] Referring to Figure 4, the slope of the upper plane of the wave-damping module 300 is (1:3) to (1:5), and the slope of the lower plane is (1:18) to (1:20).

[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, the slope of the upper plane of the wave-damping module 300 is 1:3 and the slope of the lower plane is 1:19.

[0052] In practical use, a slope of less than 1:3 on the upper plane can effectively reduce wave rise and is suitable for areas with active tides. According to calculations, the energy dissipation efficiency of a gentle slope structure with a slope of (1:3) to (1:5) is 40% to 60%. The lower plane is also designed as a sloping structure to guide the waves at the bottom and reduce the impact and friction of the waves on the lower plane of the wave dissipation module 300.

[0053] More specifically, when the waves come, they rise along the slope of the wave-dissipating module. Through slope friction and wave breaking, the wave energy is consumed. Some seawater flows into the hole 110 with the wave trend and eventually reaches the mangroves in the cofferdam area evenly. The other part of the seawater is guided back into the sea by the extension of the slope structure 400. Thus, the impact of the waves on the cofferdam structure is reduced by the concave water-facing surface, avoiding erosion of the base and structural instability.

[0054] Referring to Figure 4, the bottom surface of the extension 400 is provided with a pendant 420 to increase oyster adsorption.

[0055] The pendant 420 has a two-section angled structure, with the angled opening facing the concave water-facing surface.

[0056] In practical applications, the bio-adhesive secreted by oysters can strengthen the structural stability of the cofferdam, while the two-section angled structure with the angled opening facing the concave water-facing side can better support the oysters that are carried back by the waves, thereby increasing the number of oysters adsorbed and further enhancing the solidification effect of the bio-adhesive.

[0057] Referring to Figures 2 and 5, the hole 110 includes an upper hole 111 and a lower hole 112;

[0058] The upper-layer holes 111 are arranged in an array on the cofferdam wall 100 and penetrate the front and rear ends of the cofferdam wall 100 through the cavity 120.

[0059] The lower layer holes 112 are arranged in an array at the front end of the cofferdam wall 100 and are located below the upper layer holes 111.

[0060] The upper layer hole 111 has a diameter of 4 cm to 7 cm; the lower layer hole 112 has a diameter of 1.5 cm to 3 cm.

[0061] In this embodiment, preferably, the upper layer holes 111 have a diameter of 5 cm and number 18, arranged in two layers on the cofferdam wall 100; the lower layer holes 112 have a diameter of 2 cm and number 11, arranged in one layer on the cofferdam wall 100.

[0062] In practical use, the upper hole 111 with a diameter of 5 cm can ensure the amount of water flowing in without the oyster shells flowing out, while the lower hole 112 with a diameter of 2 cm can lower the center of gravity of the inlet structure, so that the structure can still be relatively stable under the action of water pressure and other external forces, thus enhancing the inlet's ability to resist natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes.

[0063] Referring to Figure 4, the auxiliary support 200 forms an acute angle with the upper wall surface of the cofferdam wall 100, and the acute angle is 75°~85°.

[0064] In this embodiment, preferably, the acute angle formed by the auxiliary support 200 and the upper wall surface of the cofferdam wall 100 is 75°.

[0065] In practical use, the upward-curving flat plate can better fit the gradual landform structure of the mangrove mudflat edge and block and reduce the water flow flowing into the mangrove through the cavity 120. On the other hand, it can also prevent the water flow from carrying away the mudflat sediment when it flows out of the cofferdam area, thus preventing the loss of the mangrove soil foundation.

[0066] It should also be noted that, except for the specifically specified size limitations, other structural dimensions of the cofferdam body unit can be designed and manufactured by those skilled in the art according to actual engineering needs, but still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0067] Although this document frequently uses terms such as cofferdam body unit, cofferdam body structure, cofferdam body, cofferdam wall, auxiliary support, wave-dissipating module, extension, long plate structure, slope structure, inverted slope structure, concave water-facing surface, through hole, top through hole, bottom through hole, hole, upper hole, lower hole, cavity, pendant, two-section angled structure, pile, wooden pile, steel pile, and concrete pile, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this utility model; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this utility model.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cofferdam body unit, characterized in that: The system includes a cofferdam wall (100), an auxiliary support section (200), a wave-damping module (300), and an extension section (400). The auxiliary support section (200) is a long plate structure located at the rear end of the cofferdam wall (100). The wave-damping module (300) is a sloping structure located at the bottom of the front end of the cofferdam wall (100). The extension section (400) is a reverse-sloping structure located at the top of the front end of the cofferdam wall (100). The cofferdam wall (100) and the wave-damping module (300) are also included. The extension (400) forms a concave water-facing surface; the cofferdam wall (100) is provided with several holes (110); the auxiliary support part (200) is provided with through holes (210); the wave-damping module (300) is provided with bottom through holes (310); the extension (400) is provided with top through holes (410); the bottom through holes (310) and the top through holes (410) are opposite each other; the through holes (210), bottom through holes (310), and top through holes (410) are all used for pile penetration and fixation.

2. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cofferdam wall (100) is provided with a cavity (120) for filling with solid filler.

3. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the cavity (120) is greater than the length of the holes (110) on the cofferdam wall (100), and the depth is greater than the depth of the holes (110).

4. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid filler is an oyster shell with a size of 8 cm to 13 cm.

5. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slope of the upper plane of the wave-damping module (300) is (1:3) to (1:5), and the slope of the lower plane is (1:18) to (1:20).

6. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the extension (400) is provided with a pendant (420) to increase oyster adsorption.

7. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pendant (420) has a two-section angled structure, with the angled opening facing the concave water-facing surface.

8. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hole (110) includes an upper hole (111) and a lower hole (112); the upper hole (111) is arranged in an array on the cofferdam wall (100) and passes through the cavity (120) space to the front and rear ends of the cofferdam wall (100); the lower hole (112) is arranged in an array at the front end of the cofferdam wall (100) and is located below the upper hole (111).

9. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper hole (111) has a diameter of 4 cm to 7 cm; the lower hole (112) has a diameter of 1.5 cm to 3 cm.

10. The cofferdam body unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The auxiliary support (200) forms an acute angle with the upper wall surface of the cofferdam wall (100), and the acute angle is 75°~85°.

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