Tail water taper pipe flow deflector of water turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water turbine tail water taper pipe flow deflector which comprises a water turbine body, the input end of the water turbine body is connected with a connecting base, the input end of the connecting base is connected with a tail water taper pipe, and the outer side wall, close to a tail pipe vortex strip area, of the tail water taper pipe extends outwards to form two annular convex hulls. Mounting rings are connected to the interiors of the two convex hulls, a plurality of fixing bases are connected to the inner side walls of the two mounting rings in the circumferential direction, and by reserving the multiple fixing bases, the flow deflectors with the specified number can be arranged according to the water flow condition in the pipeline before actual installation; the flow deflectors of special structures are arranged in the area, close to the tail pipe vortex strip, of the tail water taper pipe, water flow can be effectively divided and restrained, complex water flow movement in the tail water pipe is optimized, meanwhile, the flow deflectors of the specified number can be installed according to the arranged fixing bases before installation, and installation is convenient. And hydraulic vibration caused by the vortex can be effectively reduced through the flow deflectors, impact on a pipeline is relieved, and the operation stability of equipment is improved.

Description

A type of guide vane for the tailrace cone of a water turbine Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water turbine technology, specifically to a guide vane for the tailrace cone of a water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] A water turbine is a key piece of equipment that converts water energy into mechanical energy and is widely used in hydropower stations. It generates electricity by having water flow impact the runner blades and drive the generator to rotate. In the structure of a water turbine, the tailrace cone is an important component. It is mainly responsible for efficiently recovering the kinetic energy of the water flow after the runner and converting it into pressure energy, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the water turbine. However, in actual operation, the tailrace cone faces extremely complex working conditions.

[0003] In existing technologies, the draft tube is a crucial energy recovery component in a hydro turbine, and its performance directly determines the overall efficiency of the turbine unit. Typically, the water flow inside the draft tube is highly complex, with varying pressure gradients in different directions. Particularly in the draft tube vortex zone, there are wakes and "horseshoe vortices" and "cut-shaped vortices" in the flow channel. These vortex phenomena give the flow strong vortex characteristics, leading to intense vibrations and tearing forces on the pipe, causing instability in the normal operation of the equipment. In the long run, this instability not only reduces the service life of the turbine but also increases maintenance costs and may even trigger serious safety accidents, severely impacting the stable power generation and safe production of the hydropower station. Therefore, optimizing the structural design of the draft tube and improving its performance under complex water flow conditions has become one of the important issues in the current development of hydro turbine technology.

[0004] Therefore, a guide vane for the tailrace cone of a water turbine is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a guide vane for the tailrace cone of a water turbine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, mainly addressing how to facilitate the installation of the guide vane and optimizing the structure of the guide vane.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a guide vane for a turbine tailrace cone, comprising a turbine body, an input end of which is connected to a connecting seat, and an input end of which is connected to a tailrace cone. Two annular protrusions extend outward from the outer wall of the tailrace cone near the tailrace vortex zone. Each of the two protrusions has an installation ring connected inside. Multiple fixing seats are circumferentially connected to the inner walls of the two installation rings. Hook-shaped inserts are inserted into the interior of each set of fixing seats. A guide vane matching the inner wall of the tailrace cone is connected to the outer wall of each set of hook-shaped inserts. The outer walls of the multiple hook-shaped inserts are threadedly installed inside the corresponding fixing seats using fixing bolts. The side of each guide vane near the center of the inner wall of the tailrace cone is tapered, effectively dividing and suppressing water flow and reducing hydraulic vibration.

[0007] Preferably, each of the multiple hook-shaped inserts has a fixing port on its outer side wall, and each of the multiple fixing ports has an elastic pad with corrosion-resistant properties inside. Each of the multiple fixing bolts passes through the corresponding fixing port and is threaded into the interior of the corresponding fixing seat.

[0008] Preferably, each of the multiple fixing seats has a slot on its top, and the multiple hook-shaped plugs are respectively inserted into the corresponding slots through the top of the corresponding fixing seats, which further improves the stability of the guide plate after installation.

[0009] Preferably, the outer walls of the plurality of hook-shaped inserts, fixing bolts and guide vanes are provided with electroplating layers. The plurality of electroplating layers are made by chromium plating process, and the resulting passivation film has high chemical stability and corrosion resistance, and can effectively protect the base metal.

[0010] Preferably, the inner walls of the two mounting rings are flush with the inner wall of the tailrace cone, and the outer walls of the multiple fixing seats are provided with a zinc-based composite coating, which is mainly based on zinc and contains rare earth elements, nanoparticles and other substances to form a composite coating, thereby improving the density and corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0011] Preferably, the outer walls of the plurality of guide vanes are all in contact with the inner wall of the tailrace cone, and the plurality of guide vanes are all made of steel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This utility model effectively divides and suppresses water flow by setting a specially structured guide plate near the vortex zone of the tailrace cone, optimizing the complex water flow movement inside the tailrace pipe. At the same time, before installation, a specified number of guide plates can be installed according to the set fixed base. The guide plate can effectively reduce the hydraulic vibration caused by the vortex, reduce the impact on the pipeline, improve the stability of equipment operation, extend service life, reduce maintenance costs, and reduce the risk of safety accidents.

[0014] 2. Installing guide vanes can optimize the velocity vector distribution within the tailrace, effectively segmenting and suppressing tailrace vortices, making the water flow more stable, and reducing the impact of vortices and pressure fluctuations on the pipeline. At the same time, the guide vanes are made of corrosion-resistant materials and special processes, enhancing their corrosion resistance and stability. Even under harsh operating conditions, the guide vanes can maintain their performance, ensuring the normal operation of the tailrace cone, thereby improving the operational safety and stability of the entire turbine unit and ensuring the stable power generation and safe production of the hydropower station. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main perspective structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tailwater cone pipe of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 2;

[0018] Figure 4 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the turbine; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Tailwater cone; 4. Protrusion; 41. First protrusion; 42. Second protrusion; 5. Mounting ring; 51. First connecting ring; 52. Second connecting ring; 6. Fixing seat; 7. Hook-shaped insert; 8. Fixing bolt; 9. Guide vane; 10. Electroplating layer; 11. Fixing port; 12. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-4. This utility model provides a technical solution: a draft vane for a turbine tailrace cone, including a turbine body 1. A connecting seat 2 is connected to the input end of the turbine body 1, and a tailrace cone 3 is connected to the input end of the connecting seat 2. Two annular protrusions 4 extend outward from the outer wall of the tailrace cone 3 near the tailrace vortex region. Mounting rings 5 ​​are connected inside each of the two protrusions 4. Multiple fixing seats 6 are circumferentially connected to the inner side walls of the two mounting rings 5. By reserving multiple fixing seats 6, a specified number of draft vanes 9 can be installed before actual installation according to the water flow conditions in the pipe, facilitating actual installation and use. Hook-shaped inserts 7 are inserted into the interior of each set of fixing seats 6. A set of hook-shaped inserts 7 are connected to a guide vane 9 that matches the inner wall of the tailrace cone 3. By setting a specially structured guide vane 9 near the tailrace vortex zone of the tailrace cone, the water flow can be effectively divided and suppressed. The outer walls of multiple hook-shaped inserts 7 are threadedly installed inside the corresponding fixing seat 6 by fixing bolts 8. The side of multiple guide vanes 9 near the center of the inner wall of the tailrace cone 3 is tapered, which effectively divides and suppresses the water flow and reduces hydraulic vibration. At the same time, the designed hook-shaped insert 7 structure, together with the fixing bolts 8 and the fixing seat 6 structure, not only makes it easy to install and remove the guide vane 9, but also provides a large space for workers to disassemble and install without having to operate in a narrow space.

[0023] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the guide vanes 9 are all in pairs, and there are no fewer than six of them. The faster the flow velocity, the easier it is for the flow to enter a turbulent state, the more significant the boundary layer separation, the stronger the disturbance amplification effect, and the easier it is to form vortices. Therefore, in the area where the pipe gradually becomes smaller and the second connecting ring 52 is smaller than the first connecting ring 51, guide vanes 9 are set. When the water flows through, the vortex phenomenon formed is intercepted at every 60 degrees. After the water flow intercepts the vortex, it will accelerate along the guide vanes 9 to prevent the vortex from accelerating due to excessive flow velocity.

[0024] The multiple guide vanes 9 have an isosceles trapezoidal structure on the side near the center of the mounting ring 5, and a rectangular structure on the side away from the center of the mounting ring 5. The hook-shaped insert 7 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide vane 9. The bulge 4 is divided into a first protrusion 41 and a second protrusion 42. The mounting ring 5 is divided into a first connecting ring 51 and a second connecting ring 52. The diameter of the first protrusion 41 is larger than that of the second protrusion 42. The first connecting ring 51 is installed inside the first protrusion 41, and the second connecting ring 52 is installed inside the second protrusion 42. The number of guide vanes 9 and hook-shaped inserts 7 is not less than six, and the number of fixing seats 6 is not less than twelve. The bottom of the guide vane 9 is located at the edge of the first connecting ring 51 and faces the center of the first connecting ring 51 at an obtuse angle.

[0025] The first connecting ring 51 and the second connecting ring 52 also cause the guide plate 9 to form an obtuse angle. Therefore, in order to ensure that the interception vortex effect of the guide plate 9 does not affect the water flow velocity, a cross-sectional shape of rectangular structure and isosceles trapezoidal structure is provided. This makes the water flow after the interception vortex mainly concentrated in the center of the second connecting ring 52, so that the guide plate 9 avoids the phenomenon of water flow velocity reduction due to boundary layer stratification after the interception vortex.

[0026] In this embodiment, each of the outer walls of the multiple hook-shaped inserts 7 is provided with a fixing port 11, and each of the multiple fixing ports 11 is provided with an elastic pad with corrosion-resistant properties. Multiple fixing bolts 8 pass through the corresponding fixing ports 11 and are threaded into the interior of the corresponding fixing seats 6. Each of the multiple fixing seats 6 is provided with a slot 12 at the top. The multiple hook-shaped inserts 7 are inserted into the interior of the corresponding slot 12 through the top of the corresponding fixing seats 6, which further improves the stability of the guide plate 9 after installation.

[0027] In this embodiment, the outer walls of the multiple hook-shaped inserts 7, fixing bolts 8, and guide vanes 9 are all provided with electroplating layers 10. The multiple electroplating layers 10 are made by chromium plating process, and the resulting passivation film has high chemical stability and corrosion resistance, which can effectively protect the base metal, thereby enhancing its corrosion resistance and stability. Even under harsh working conditions, the guide vanes can maintain their performance, ensuring the normal operation of the tailrace cone, thereby improving the operational safety and stability of the entire turbine unit. The outer walls of the multiple guide vanes 9 are all in contact with the inner walls of the tailrace cone 3. The multiple guide vanes 9 are all made of steel. The steel guide vanes 9 have high hardness and can withstand strong water flow impact.

[0028] In this embodiment, the inner walls of the two mounting rings 5 ​​are flush with the inner wall of the tailwater cone pipe 3, thereby reducing the resistance generated when the water flows. The outer walls of the multiple fixing seats 6 are provided with a zinc-based composite coating, which is mainly based on zinc and contains rare earth elements, nanoparticles and other substances to form a composite coating, thereby improving the density and corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0029] The working principle is as follows: In practical use, the guide vane 9 is installed in the tailrace cone 3 near the tailrace vortex zone, with its outer wall fitting against the inner wall of the tailrace cone, and the side closest to the center of the inner wall of the tailrace cone being tapered. When water flows through the tailrace cone, the guide vane 9 effectively divides and suppresses the water flow through its tapered structure, optimizing the complex water flow movement inside the tailrace cone, reducing hydraulic vibration caused by vortices, mitigating the impact on the pipeline, and improving the stability of equipment operation. Simultaneously, the hook-shaped insert 7, the fixing bolt 8, and the outer wall of the guide vane 9 are all provided with an electroplated layer 10, made using a chromium plating process. The resulting passivation film has high chemical stability and corrosion resistance, effectively protecting the base metal and enhancing the corrosion resistance and stability of the guide vane 9. Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixing seat 6 is provided with a zinc-based composite coating, improving the density and corrosion resistance of the coating and further extending the service life of the guide vane 9. By optimizing the flow field and reducing hydraulic vibration, this guide vane can improve the operational safety and stability of the turbine unit, ensuring stable power generation and safe production of the hydropower station.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A draft vane for a turbine tailrace cone, comprising a turbine body (1), characterized in that: The turbine body (1) is connected to a connecting seat (2) at its input end. The connecting seat (2) is connected to a tailrace cone (3) at its input end. Two annular protrusions (4) extend outward from the outer wall of the tailrace cone (3) near the tailrace vortex zone. An installation ring (5) is connected inside each of the two protrusions (4). Multiple fixing seats (6) are circumferentially connected to the inner side walls of the two mounting rings (5). Hook-shaped inserts (7) are inserted into the interior of each set of fixing seats (6). A guide vane (9) matching the inner side wall of the tailrace cone (3) is connected to the outer side wall of each set of hook-shaped inserts (7). The outer side walls of the multiple hook-shaped inserts (7) are threaded into the interior of the corresponding fixing seats (6) by fixing bolts (8). The guide vane (9) has an isosceles trapezoidal structure on the side near the center of the mounting ring (5).

2. The turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the hook-shaped inserts (7) has a fixing port (11) on its outer side wall. Each of the fixing ports (11) has an elastic pad inside. Each of the fixing bolts (8) passes through the corresponding fixing port (11) and is threaded into the corresponding fixing seat (6).

3. The turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the multiple fixing seats (6) has a slot (12) on its top, and the multiple hook-shaped plugs (7) are respectively inserted into the interior of the corresponding slot (12) through the top of the corresponding fixing seat (6).

4. The turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer walls of the multiple hook-shaped inserts (7), fixing bolts (8) and guide vanes (9) are provided with electroplated layers (10), and the multiple electroplated layers (10) are made of chromium plating.

5. A turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two mounting rings (5) are flush with the inner wall of the tailwater cone pipe (3), and the outer walls of the multiple fixing seats (6) are provided with a zinc-based composite coating.

6. The turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer walls of the multiple guide vanes (9) are attached to the inner wall of the tailwater cone (3), and the multiple guide vanes (9) are made of steel.

7. A turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multiple guide vanes (9) have a rectangular structure on the side away from the center of the mounting ring (5), and the hook-shaped plug (7) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide vane (9).

8. A turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 7, characterized in that: The convex bulge (4) is divided into a first convex bulge (41) and a second convex bulge (42), and the mounting ring (5) is divided into a first connecting ring (51) and a second connecting ring (52). The diameter of the first convex bulge (41) is larger than that of the second convex bulge (42). The first connecting ring (51) is installed inside the first convex bulge (41), and the second connecting ring (52) is installed inside the second convex bulge (42).

9. A turbine tailrace cone guide vane according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the guide vanes (9) and hook-shaped inserts (7) shall not be less than six, the number of the fixing seats (6) shall not be less than twelve, and the bottom of the guide vanes (9) shall be located at an obtuse angle from the edge of the first connecting ring (51) toward the center of the first connecting ring (51).

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