Mixed-flow and cross-flow grain dryer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of grain drying equipment, and particularly relates to a mixed flow and cross flow grain dryer. A mixed flow drying section, a grain guiding section, a transverse flow drying section and a grain discharging section are sequentially arranged in the dryer body from top to bottom, a combustion device is arranged on one side of the dryer body, an air suction device is arranged on the other side of the dryer body, a first air inlet cover is arranged at the air inlet end of the mixed flow drying section, and a first air outlet cover is arranged at the air outlet end of the mixed flow drying section. A second air inlet cover is arranged at the air inlet end of the cross flow drying section, a second air outlet cover is arranged at the air outlet end of the cross flow drying section, the combustion device is communicated with the second air inlet cover, the second air inlet cover is communicated with the first air inlet cover through a fan and a first communicating pipe, the first air outlet cover is communicated with the second air outlet cover through a second communicating pipe, and the air suction device is communicated with the first air outlet cover; through the up-down combination of the mixed flow drying section and the transverse flow drying section, the advantages of mixed flow drying uniformity and high transverse flow drying speed are considered, and staged efficient drying of grains in which mixed flow is performed firstly and then transverse flow is performed is realized.

Description

A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer Technical Fields:

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of grain drying equipment, specifically referring to a mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer. Background Technology:

[0002] Grain dryers are key equipment in post-harvest grain processing. Their core function is to dehydrate grains through heat, primarily by evaporating and carrying away moisture through contact between airflow and the grain. During the drying process, the grain circulates through the drying layer, exchanging heat and mass with the hot air to ultimately reach the safe storage moisture standard. Currently, cross-flow and mixed-flow drying processes are the two most widely used drying technologies in grain dryers, and they differ significantly in airflow organization, grain movement path, and thermal efficiency.

[0003] Crossflow drying is characterized by the hot air flow direction being perpendicular to the grain flow direction. Its advantages include low manufacturing cost and ease of maintenance, but it suffers from uneven drying; grain near the hot air inlet tends to be over-dried, while grain at the outlet may be under-dried. For example, Chinese Utility Model Appraisal (Authorization Announcement No. CN 204085057 U, Announcement Date 2015.01.07) discloses a drying layer structure for a crossflow grain dryer, but this structure still has energy efficiency issues.

[0004] Mixed-flow combines the advantages of cross-flow and counter-flow, with the hot air and grain flowing at multiple angles. For example, a mixed-flow grain dryer disclosed in Chinese utility model patent (authorization announcement number CN 214537288U, announcement date 2021.10.29) improves drying uniformity to some extent, but still suffers from energy waste in practical applications.

[0005] Therefore, single drying structures generally suffer from common problems such as low thermal efficiency and low energy utilization. Invention content:

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer that is highly efficient in drying and improves energy utilization.

[0007] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0008] A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer includes a dryer body. Within the dryer body, a mixed-flow drying section, a grain guiding section, a cross-flow drying section, and a grain discharge section are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A combustion device is installed on one side of the dryer body, and a suction device is installed on the other side. A first air inlet hood is installed at the air inlet end and a first air outlet hood is installed at the air outlet end of the mixed-flow drying section. A second air inlet hood is installed at the air inlet end and a second air outlet hood is installed at the air outlet end of the cross-flow drying section. The combustion device is connected to the second air inlet hood, which is connected to the first air inlet hood via a fan and a first connecting pipe. The first and second air outlet hoods are connected via a second connecting pipe. The suction device is connected to the first air outlet hood.

[0009] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, the mixed-flow drying section includes air outlet angle boxes and air inlet angle boxes arranged alternately from top to bottom. Each air inlet and outlet angle box has a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other. The large opening is equipped with a mounting flange, and the small opening is equipped with a sealing plate. The large opening of the air inlet angle box is connected to a first side plate corresponding to the dryer body via the mounting flange. The first side plate has an air inlet hole with the same shape as the large opening of the air inlet angle box, which connects to a first air inlet hood. The small opening of the air inlet angle box is connected to a second side plate corresponding to the dryer body via the sealing plate. The first and second side plates are arranged opposite to each other. The large opening of the air outlet angle box is connected to the second side plate via the mounting flange. The second side plate has an air outlet hole with the same shape as the large opening of the air outlet angle box, which connects to a first air outlet hood. The small opening of the air outlet angle box is connected to the first side plate via the sealing plate.

[0010] In the aforementioned mixed-flow and cross-flow grain dryer, the cross-flow drying section includes several spaced ventilation screens, with two ventilation screens forming a group. A grain channel is formed between each group of ventilation screens. The upper end of the grain channel is connected to the mixed-flow drying section, and the lower end is connected to the grain discharge section. The direction of the ventilation screen surface is consistent with the direction of the airflow.

[0011] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, the ventilation net is fixed to the first and second side plates corresponding to the main body of the dryer via a frame.

[0012] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, cleaning plates are detachably installed on the first air inlet hood and the first air outlet hood, respectively.

[0013] In the above-mentioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, the suction device is provided in two sets. Each set of suction devices includes a guide hood, a suction fan and an air outlet. The guide hood is connected to the second air outlet and the inlet of the suction fan, and the air outlet is connected to the outlet of the suction fan.

[0014] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, a double-layer louver is installed at the outlet end of the air duct.

[0015] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, there are two second connecting pipes, corresponding to two sets of suction devices.

[0016] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, an air inlet duct is provided at the top of the second air inlet hood, and the air inlet duct is connected to the inlet of the fan. The two ends of the first connecting pipe are respectively connected to the outlet of the fan and the first air inlet hood.

[0017] In the aforementioned mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, a baffle is provided between the first air inlet hood and the second air inlet hood, on one side of the fan. The upper end of the baffle is connected to the bottom surface of the first air inlet hood, and the lower end is connected to the top surface of the second air inlet hood.

[0018] The outstanding advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are:

[0019] 1. This utility model combines a mixed-flow drying section and a cross-flow drying section, taking into account the advantages of uniformity in mixed-flow drying and speed in cross-flow drying, to achieve efficient staged drying of grain by first mixing the flow and then drying it in a cross-flow manner. With the air path design of double air inlet hoods, double air outlet hoods and connecting pipes, a closed-loop hot air circulation system is formed, which reduces heat energy waste and improves energy utilization. Moreover, the first air outlet hood and the second air outlet hood are connected by a second connecting pipe, so that the hot and humid air discharged from the mixed-flow section can be partially recovered to the cross-flow section for reuse, reducing the discharge temperature and saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0020] 2. The staggered arrangement of the inlet / outlet corner boxes of this utility model forms a multi-directional mixed airflow path, which enhances the contact area and time between hot air and grain, and improves the uniformity of drying. Figure description:

[0021] Figure 1 is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a second perspective view of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a rear view of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3 (AA).

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Dryer body; 2. Mixed-flow drying section; 3. Grain guiding section; 4. Cross-flow drying section; 5. Grain discharge section; 6. Combustion device; 7. Suction device; 8. First air inlet hood; 9. First air outlet hood; 10. Second air inlet hood; 11. Second air outlet hood; 12. Fan; 13. First connecting pipe; 14. Second connecting pipe; 15. Air outlet angle box; 16. Air inlet angle box; 17. Mounting flange; 18. Sealing plate; 19. Ventilation net; 20. Grain passage; 21. Cleaning plate; 22. Flow guide hood; 23. Air outlet duct; 24. Double-layer louvers; 25. Air inlet duct; 26. Baffle; 27. Grain discharge funnel. Detailed implementation method:

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, see Figures 1-4:

[0027] This utility model provides a mixed-flow and cross-flow grain dryer, including a dryer body 1. Within the dryer body 1, a mixed-flow drying section 2, a grain guiding section 3, a cross-flow drying section 4, and a grain discharge section 5 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A combustion device 6 is arranged on one side of the dryer body 1, and a suction device 7 is arranged on the other side. The grain guiding section 3 allows for natural grain transition, avoiding grain breakage caused by mechanical conveying. A first air inlet hood 8 is provided at the air inlet end of the mixed-flow drying section 2, and a first air outlet hood 9 is provided at the air outlet end. A second air inlet hood 10 is provided at the air inlet end of the cross-flow drying section 4, and a second air outlet hood 11 is provided at the air outlet end. The combustion device 6 is connected to the second air inlet hood 10, which is connected to the first air inlet hood 8 via a fan 12 and a first connecting pipe 13. The first air outlet hood 9 and the second air outlet hood 11 are connected via a second connecting pipe 14. The suction device 7 is located on one side of the second air outlet hood 11 and is connected to the second air outlet hood 11.

[0028] This invention combines the advantages of uniform mixed-flow drying and fast cross-flow drying by using an upper and lower combination of a mixed-flow drying section 2 and a cross-flow drying section 3. This achieves efficient, phased drying of grain by first mixing the flow and then drying it in a cross-flow manner. The design of the air path, including a double air inlet hood, a double air outlet hood, and a connecting pipe, forms a hot air system, reducing heat waste and improving energy utilization. Furthermore, the first air outlet hood 9 and the second air outlet hood 11 are connected by a second connecting pipe 14, allowing some of the hot and humid air discharged from the mixed-flow section to be recycled back to the cross-flow section for reuse, reducing the discharge temperature and saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the mixed-flow drying section 2 includes outlet angle boxes 15 and inlet angle boxes 16 arranged alternately from top to bottom. One end of each outlet angle box 15 and inlet angle box 16 is a large opening, and the other end is a small opening. The large opening is equipped with a mounting flange 17, and the small opening is equipped with a sealing plate 18. The large opening of the inlet angle box 16 is connected to the first side plate corresponding to the dryer body 1 via the mounting flange 17, and this side plate is provided with a corresponding sealing plate to the large opening of the inlet angle box 16. The air inlets are of the same shape and are connected to the first air inlet hood 8. The small end of the air inlet angle box 16 is connected to the second side plate corresponding to the dryer body 1 through the sealing plate 18. The first side plate and the second side plate are arranged opposite to each other. The large end of the air outlet angle box 15 is connected to the second side plate through the mounting flange 17. The second side plate is provided with an air outlet of the same shape as the large end of the air outlet angle box 15. The air outlet is connected to the first air outlet hood 9. The small end of the air outlet angle box 15 is connected to the first side plate through the sealing plate 18.

[0030] Furthermore, the crossflow drying section 3 includes several spaced ventilation nets 19, with two ventilation nets 19 forming a group, and a grain channel 20 is formed between each group of ventilation nets 19. The upper end of the grain channel 20 is connected to the grain guiding section 3, and the lower end is connected to the grain discharging section 5. The mesh surface direction of the ventilation net 19 is consistent with the airflow direction.

[0031] The ventilation net 19 is fixed to the corresponding first and second side plates of the dryer body 1 by a frame.

[0032] The corner box and ventilation net 19 of this utility model are designed to ensure that the grain is heated evenly and reduce the rate of grain bursting.

[0033] To prevent dust or impurities from accumulating inside the first air inlet hood 8 and the first air outlet hood 11, and to prevent blockages from affecting airflow distribution, cleaning plates 21 are detachably installed on the first air inlet hood 8 and the first air outlet hood 11. The cleaning plates 21 are easy to install and remove, and convenient for maintenance. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a cleaning plate 21 has been removed from both the first air inlet hood 8 and the first air outlet hood 11.

[0034] It should be noted that, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the suction device 7 of this utility model is provided in two sets. Each set of suction devices 7 includes a guide shroud 22, a suction fan, and an exhaust duct 23. The guide shroud 22 connects the second exhaust shroud 9 to the inlet of the suction fan, and the exhaust duct 23 connects to the outlet of the suction fan. The two sets of suction devices 7 improve system reliability, allowing operation even if only one set fails. In addition, the guide shroud 22 of the suction device 7 reduces turbulence, the suction fan forces dehumidification, and the exhaust duct 23 centrally discharges exhaust gas.

[0035] Correspondingly, there are two second connecting pipes 14, corresponding to the two sets of suction devices 7, which can balance the airflow pressure.

[0036] In addition, the present invention also provides a double-layer louver 24 at the outlet end of the air duct 23. The double-layer louver 24 blocks external debris from entering and prevents backflow of air when the machine is stopped.

[0037] This utility model provides an air inlet duct 25 on the top surface of the second air inlet hood 10. The air inlet duct 25 is connected to the inlet of the fan 12. The two ends of the first connecting pipe 13 are respectively connected to the outlet of the fan 12 and the first air inlet hood 8. By adjusting the power of the fan 12, the air volume ratio entering the mixed flow drying section 2 and the cross flow drying section 3 can be adjusted to meet the needs of different grains.

[0038] Finally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, in order to make the connection between the two secure and to provide support for the first air inlet hood 8, a baffle 26 is provided between the first air inlet hood 8 and the second air inlet hood 10, on one side of the fan 12. The upper end of the baffle 26 is connected to the bottom surface of the first air inlet hood 8, and the lower end is connected to the top surface of the second air inlet hood 10.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1-4, the grain in the main body 1 of this dryer passes through the mixed-flow drying section 2, where it is heated evenly, and then enters the cross-flow drying section 4 through the grain guiding section 3. The cross-flow drying section 4 further dehydrates the grain evenly. The grain dried in both stages is discharged through the grain discharge section 5 and the grain discharge funnel 27 to downstream equipment, such as conveyor belts, elevators, or grain storage silos.

[0040] The above embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure and principle of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer, comprising a dryer body (1), characterized in that: The dryer body (1) is arranged from top to bottom as follows: mixed flow drying section (2), grain guiding section (3), cross flow drying section (4) and grain discharge section (5). A combustion device (6) is arranged on one side of the dryer body (1) and a suction device (7) is arranged on the other side. A first air inlet hood (8) is arranged at the air inlet end of the mixed flow drying section (2) and a first air outlet hood (9) is arranged at the air outlet end. A second air inlet hood (10) is arranged at the air inlet end of the cross flow drying section (4) and a second air outlet hood (11) is arranged at the air outlet end. The combustion device (6) is connected to the second air inlet hood (10). The second air inlet hood (10) is connected to the first air inlet hood (8) through a fan (12) and a first connecting pipe (13). The first air outlet hood (9) and the second air outlet hood (11) are connected through a second connecting pipe (14). The suction device (7) is connected to the first air outlet hood (9).

2. The mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed-flow drying section (2) includes air outlet corner boxes (15) and air inlet corner boxes (16) arranged alternately from top to bottom. One end of the air inlet corner box (16) and the air outlet corner box (15) is a large opening and the other end is a small opening. The large opening is provided with a mounting flange (17) and the small opening is provided with a sealing plate (18). The large opening of the air inlet corner box (16) is connected to the first side plate corresponding to the dryer body (1) through the mounting flange (17). The first side plate is provided with a shape identical to the large opening of the air inlet corner box (16). An air inlet is connected to the first air inlet hood (8). The small end of the air inlet angle box (16) is connected to the second side plate corresponding to the dryer body (1) through a sealing plate (18). The first side plate and the second side plate are arranged opposite to each other. The large end of the air outlet angle box (15) is connected to the second side plate through a mounting flange (17). The second side plate is provided with an air outlet hole with the same shape as the large end of the air outlet angle box (15). The air outlet hole is connected to the first air outlet hood (9). The small end of the air outlet angle box (15) is connected to the first side plate through a sealing plate (18).

3. The mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossflow drying section (4) includes several ventilation nets (19) arranged at intervals. Two ventilation nets (19) form a group, and a grain channel (20) is formed between each group of ventilation nets (19). The upper end of the grain channel (20) is connected to the mixed flow drying section (2), and the lower end is connected to the grain discharge section (5). The mesh surface direction of the ventilation net (19) is consistent with the airflow direction.

4. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation net (19) is fixed to the first and second side plates of the dryer body (1) by a frame.

5. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cleaning plates (21) are detachably provided on the first air inlet hood (8) and the first air outlet hood (9).

6. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction device (7) is provided in two sets. Each set of suction device (7) includes a guide hood (22), a suction fan and an air outlet (23). The guide hood (22) is connected to the second air outlet hood (11) and the inlet of the suction fan, and the air outlet (23) is connected to the outlet of the suction fan.

7. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A double-layer louver (24) is provided at the outlet end of the air duct (23).

8. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are two second connecting pipes (14), corresponding to the two sets of suction devices (7).

9. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second air inlet hood (10) is provided with an air inlet duct (25), which is connected to the inlet of the fan (12). The two ends of the first connecting pipe (13) are respectively connected to the outlet of the fan (12) and the first air inlet hood (8).

10. A mixed-flow, cross-flow grain dryer according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: A baffle (26) is provided between the first air inlet hood (8) and the second air inlet hood (10) and on one side of the fan (12). The upper end of the baffle (26) is connected to the bottom surface of the first air inlet hood (8) and the lower end is connected to the top surface of the second air inlet hood (10).

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