Battery cluster and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery cluster and an energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. The liquid inlet is formed in the side face of the shell of the battery pack in the battery cluster, and the first fire-fighting structure is arranged in the liquid inlet to control the conduction condition of the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet, so that the sealing performance of the battery pack during normal work can be ensured, and external impurities are prevented from entering the battery pack. When the temperature of the battery pack is abnormal or thermal runaway reaches the preset temperature, the first fire-fighting structure conducts the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet, so that the liquid cooling working medium in the liquid inlet header pipe quickly and directly enters the battery pack, and the battery pack is accurately and effectively cooled and extinguished. The plurality of battery packs are connected with the liquid inlet header pipe through respective first liquid inlet pipes, and the overall structure of the battery cluster does not need to be damaged. When the temperature of a certain battery pack is abnormal or thermal runaway occurs, the liquid cooling working medium can enter the battery pack through the corresponding first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet, thermal runaway spreading is avoided, and the reliability and safety of the battery cluster are improved.

Description

A battery cluster and energy storage system Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery cluster and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Battery thermal runaway is a significant safety issue in energy storage systems. Currently, the main methods for controlling battery thermal runaway are physical cooling and isolation or chemical inhibition. However, these methods are becoming increasingly ineffective in addressing the underlying issues, thus compromising battery safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a battery cluster that improves the safety of the battery cluster, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a battery cluster is provided, comprising:

[0005] Multiple battery packs, each battery pack including a housing, with a liquid inlet on the side of the housing, and a first fire-fighting structure disposed inside the liquid inlet;

[0006] A main inlet pipe and a plurality of first inlet pipes connected to the main inlet pipe, the first inlet pipes being connected to the inlet, the main inlet pipe being used for circulating liquid cooling fluid;

[0007] The first fire-fighting structure is used to control the continuity of the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet, and the first fire-fighting structure is configured to open the passage when a preset temperature is reached.

[0008] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a plurality of battery cells disposed within the housing, wherein the electrode plates and explosion-proof valves of the battery cells are disposed on opposite sides of the battery cells, and the liquid inlet is disposed near the explosion-proof valve.

[0009] In some embodiments, an exhaust port is provided on the side of the housing, and the exhaust port is located close to the electrode.

[0010] In some embodiments, a second fire-fighting structure is provided inside the exhaust port, and the second fire-fighting structure is configured to open the exhaust port when the preset temperature is reached.

[0011] In some embodiments, along the direction from the explosion-proof valve to the electrode, the position of the vent is lower than the plane where the electrode is located.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a separator plate disposed between the vent and the electrode, and the separator plate is connected to the housing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the separator plate has multiple through holes, and the battery cells pass through the through holes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first fire protection structure and the second fire protection structure are thermomelting structures and / or thermal explosion structures.

[0015] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0016] Multiple liquid cooling plates are attached to the battery pack;

[0017] Multiple second liquid inlet pipes are provided, and the second liquid inlet pipes are connected between the main liquid inlet pipe and the liquid cooling plate;

[0018] A main outlet pipe and a plurality of outlet pipes connected to the main outlet pipe, wherein the outlet pipes are connected between the main outlet pipe and the liquid cooling plate.

[0019] According to a second aspect of this application, an energy storage system is provided, comprising:

[0020] Battery clusters as described in any of the first aspects;

[0021] A liquid cooling module, wherein the liquid cooling module is connected to the inlet manifold and outlet manifold of the battery cluster;

[0022] The control module is electrically connected to the battery cluster and the liquid cooling module.

[0023] In the battery cluster of this application embodiment, a liquid inlet is provided on the side of the battery pack casing, and a first fire-fighting structure is provided in the liquid inlet to control the conductivity of the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet. On the one hand, this ensures the sealing of the battery pack during normal operation, preventing external impurities from entering and affecting the performance of the battery pack. On the other hand, when the battery pack experiences abnormal temperature or thermal runaway reaches a preset temperature, the first fire-fighting structure opens the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet, allowing the liquid cooling medium in the main liquid inlet pipe to quickly and directly enter the battery pack, thereby accurately and effectively cooling and extinguishing the fire. In this way, multiple battery packs are connected to the main liquid inlet pipe through their respective first liquid inlet pipes, achieving the fire-fighting function for any battery pack without damaging the overall structure of the battery cluster. When a battery pack experiences abnormal temperature or thermal runaway, the liquid cooling medium can enter the battery pack through the corresponding first liquid inlet pipe and liquid inlet, preventing the spread of thermal runaway and improving the reliability and safety of the battery cluster.

[0024] It is understood that the energy storage system provided in this application embodiment includes all the technical features and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned battery cluster, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid inlet manifold in the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack housing in the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the top surface structure of the battery pack in the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of AA in Figure 5;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separator plate in the battery pack of the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Battery pack; 11. Housing; 111. Liquid inlet; 112. First fire protection structure; 113. Vent; 114. Second fire protection structure; 12. Battery cell; 121. Electrode; 122. Explosion-proof valve; 13. Separator; 131. Through hole;

[0037] 2. Main inlet pipe; 21. First inlet pipe; 22. Second inlet pipe;

[0038] 3. Liquid cooling plate;

[0039] 4. Main outlet pipe; 41. Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0041] The applicant found that fire protection measures for battery thermal runaway primarily involve physical cooling and isolation or chemical inhibition. For example, physical isolation is achieved by installing insulating materials, or combustion reactions are suppressed using chemical extinguishing agents. However, physical cooling and isolation, and chemical inhibition, are ineffective in preventing battery thermal runaway. Furthermore, the aforementioned fire protection designs are largely based on building fire protection principles, using space volume to determine fire extinguishing dosage rather than the energy equivalent released, thus failing to truly prevent thermal runaway between battery packs. Designing fire extinguishing dosage based on energy equivalent would drastically increase costs and disrupt the existing design framework, making it difficult to implement in the short term.

[0042] In view of this, this application provides a battery cluster. Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery cluster provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. The battery cluster includes: multiple battery packs 1, each battery pack 1 including a housing 11, with a liquid inlet 111 on the side of the housing 11, and a first fire-fighting structure 112 disposed inside the liquid inlet 111; a main liquid inlet pipe 2, and multiple first liquid inlet pipes 21 connected to the main liquid inlet pipe 2, the first liquid inlet pipes 21 being connected to the liquid inlet 111, and the main liquid inlet pipe 2 being used to circulate liquid cooling working fluid; wherein, the first fire-fighting structure 112 is used to control the continuity of the passage between the first liquid inlet pipes 21 and the liquid inlet 111, and the first fire-fighting structure 112 is configured to open the passage when a preset temperature is reached.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4 together. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid inlet manifold in the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack housing in the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, this application provides a liquid inlet 111 on the side of the housing 11 of the battery pack 1, and provides a first fire-fighting structure 112 in the liquid inlet 111. On the one hand, when the first fire-fighting structure 112 is not open, it can ensure the sealing of the battery pack 1 during normal operation and prevent external impurities from entering and affecting the performance of the battery pack 1. At this time, the liquid cooling medium in the liquid inlet manifold 2 flows into the liquid cooling plate 3 to provide normal liquid cooling function for the battery pack 1. On the other hand, when the battery pack 1 experiences abnormal temperature or thermal runaway reaches a preset temperature, the first fire-fighting structure 112 opens the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe 21 and the liquid inlet 111, so that the liquid cooling medium in the liquid inlet manifold 2 can quickly and directly enter the interior of the battery pack 1, thereby accurately and effectively cooling and extinguishing the fire in the battery pack 1. In this way, there is no need to set up an additional fire-fighting working medium. The original liquid cooling working medium in the liquid inlet main pipe 2 can be used to achieve temperature control of the battery pack 1 in different states.

[0044] The first fire-fighting structure 112 only opens its passage when a preset temperature is reached, meaning the battery pack possesses a certain level of early warning and prevention capabilities. For example, the preset temperature can be set to the temperature at which battery pack 1 experiences thermal runaway, allowing liquid cooling fluid to be promptly introduced into battery pack 1 as soon as thermal runaway occurs, cooling it down and preventing the spread of high-temperature thermal runaway and its chain reaction affecting other battery packs 1. Alternatively, the preset temperature can be set higher than the normal operating temperature of battery pack 1. This way, when the temperature of battery pack 1 rises to the preset temperature, the first fire-fighting structure 112 can open its passage, allowing liquid cooling fluid to be introduced in time to cool the battery pack 1 before any open flame forms, thus eliminating potential fire hazards in their early stages.

[0045] It should be noted that, since this application involves introducing the liquid cooling medium from the liquid inlet manifold 2 into the battery pack 1, the liquid cooling medium will directly contact the individual battery cells 12 within the battery pack 1. Therefore, the liquid cooling medium in the liquid inlet manifold 2 of this application should be a liquid cooling medium free of organic solvents to avoid chemical reactions between the liquid cooling medium and the individual battery cells 12, thereby improving the safety of the battery cluster.

[0046] In this way, multiple battery packs 1 are connected to the main inlet pipe 2 through their respective first inlet pipes 21, enabling the fire suppression function of any battery pack 1 without damaging the overall structure of the battery cluster. When a battery pack 1 experiences abnormal temperature or thermal runaway, the liquid cooling medium can enter the battery pack 1 through the corresponding first inlet pipe 21 and inlet 111, preventing the spread of thermal runaway and its impact on other battery packs 1, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the battery cluster.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6 together. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the battery pack in the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross section of AA in Figure 5; In some embodiments, the battery pack 1 also includes a plurality of battery cells 12 disposed in the housing 11, with the electrode 121 of the battery cell 12 disposed on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 122, and the liquid inlet 111 disposed near the explosion-proof valve 122.

[0048] Specifically, when a single battery cell 12 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 122 opens, releasing high-temperature, high-pressure gas and heat rapidly. The liquid inlet 111, located near the explosion-proof valve 122, allows the liquid cooling medium to reach the high-temperature area immediately, directly acting on the source of thermal runaway. This significantly shortens the liquid cooling medium's transmission path, reduces the time window for heat diffusion, and enables the liquid cooling medium to absorb heat more quickly, lowering the temperature of the single battery cell 12, effectively suppressing the chain reaction of thermal runaway, preventing other battery cells 12 from being affected, and preventing the fire from spreading on a large scale within the battery cluster. Secondly, after the liquid cooling medium flows into the battery pack 1, it fills some space, buffering the rate of pressure release within the battery pack 1 to some extent. This prevents the impact caused by the instantaneous pressure release from damaging the structure of the battery pack 1, preventing the outer shell of the battery pack 1 from rupturing due to excessive pressure, reducing the risk of explosion, and also helps maintain the internal pressure balance of the battery pack 1, creating more favorable conditions for controlling thermal runaway. In addition, the liquid cooling medium enters from the inlet 111 near the explosion-proof valve 122, which can quickly remove the heat near the explosion-proof valve 122 and avoid local overheating.

[0049] Please refer again to Figures 5 and 6. In some embodiments, an exhaust port 113 is provided on the side of the housing 11, and the exhaust port 113 is located close to the electrode 121. That is, it can be understood that the distance between the exhaust port 113 and the electrode 121 is less than the distance between the exhaust port 113 and the explosion-proof valve 122.

[0050] Specifically, if the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 12 cannot be discharged in time, the internal pressure of the battery pack 1 will rise sharply. When the pressure exceeds the withstand limit of the casing 11, it is very easy to cause an explosion. Therefore, in this application, the exhaust port 113 is located close to the electrode 121, which allows the high-temperature, high-pressure gas to be discharged quickly after it is generated, greatly reducing the internal pressure of the battery pack 1 and maintaining the pressure within a safe range. This prevents the casing 11 from deforming or cracking due to long-term high pressure, protects the structural integrity of the battery pack 1, and effectively avoids explosion accidents caused by excessive pressure.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 4 again. In some embodiments, a second fire-fighting structure 114 is provided inside the exhaust port 113. The second fire-fighting structure 114 is configured to open the exhaust port 113 when a preset temperature is reached.

[0052] Specifically, when the temperature inside battery pack 1 rises sharply due to abnormal conditions such as thermal runaway, the second fire suppression structure 114 opens upon heating, quickly releasing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas accumulated inside battery pack 1, reducing internal pressure and preventing an explosion due to excessive pressure. Secondly, the second fire suppression structure 114 complements the first fire suppression structure 112 at the liquid inlet 111. The first fire suppression structure 112 focuses on using liquid cooling to cool and extinguish the fire in individual battery cells 12, while the second fire suppression structure 114 simultaneously balances the internal pressure of battery pack 1 by venting. The first and second fire suppression structures 112 work together to intervene in fire suppression when battery pack 1 malfunctions, greatly improving the safety of battery pack 1. Furthermore, the second fire suppression structure 114 uses temperature as a trigger condition; it only opens the liquid inlet 111 when the temperature inside battery pack 1 reaches a preset temperature, avoiding unnecessary malfunctions. This precise response mechanism ensures timely activation of fire suppression measures in the event of a hazard while maintaining stable operation of battery pack 1 during normal operation. In addition, the second fire protection structure 114 can also be selected to use pressure as the trigger condition, so as to open the exhaust port 113 in time to release high temperature and high pressure gas, which can prevent the battery pack 1 from exploding violently due to excessive internal pressure and reduce the occurrence of secondary disasters such as the flying of explosion fragments.

[0053] Please refer again to Figures 5 and 6. In some embodiments, along the direction from the explosion-proof valve 122 to the electrode 121, the position of the vent 113 is lower than the plane where the electrode 121 is located. That is, it can be understood that the direction from the explosion-proof valve 122 to the electrode 121 is the placement direction of the battery cell 12, and when the battery cell 12 is placed, the explosion-proof valve 122 is placed at the bottom. At this time, the position of the vent 113 is set between the plane where the electrode 121 is located and the plane where the explosion-proof valve 122 is located.

[0054] Specifically, as the amount of liquid cooling medium entering through the inlet 111 increases, if the liquid cooling medium comes into direct contact with the electrode 121, even if the medium does not contain organic solvents, impurities, residual moisture, or other factors may cause a short circuit in the electrode 121, greatly affecting battery performance and safety. Therefore, when an excessive amount of liquid cooling medium is injected through the inlet 111, this application promptly discharges the excess liquid cooling medium through the vent 113 to prevent excessive accumulation of liquid cooling medium in the battery pack 1 and its contact with the electrode 121. This ensures that the electrode 121 is always in a dry and safe environment, thereby eliminating the risk of short circuits caused by liquid contact and maintaining the stable operation of the battery cell 12. In addition, the liquid cooling medium enters the battery pack 1 through the inlet 111 and flows out through the vent 113. The flow of the liquid cooling medium can promptly remove the heat generated inside the battery pack, further enhancing the cooling effect on the battery pack 1.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 4 again. In some embodiments, the battery pack 1 further includes an isolation plate 13, which is disposed between the exhaust port 113 and the electrode 121, and the isolation plate 13 is connected to the housing 11.

[0056] Specifically, when a large amount of liquid cooling medium is injected into the inlet 111, even if the vent 113 fails to discharge all the excess liquid in time, this application can still construct a physical barrier through the separator 13 to further prevent the liquid cooling medium from directly contacting the electrode 121, greatly reducing the risk of short circuit. Furthermore, during the operation of the battery pack 1, the separator 13 can effectively intercept dust, particles, and other impurities, preventing the electrode 121 from being damaged by friction or puncture from foreign objects, maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode 121, and extending the service life of the battery cell 12. Moreover, in the event of thermal runaway and fire in the battery cell 12, the separator 13 can, to a certain extent, block the spread of flames and high-temperature gases towards the electrode 121, preventing high-temperature gases from directly impacting the electrode 121, slowing the spread of the fire, buying more time for firefighting measures, and reducing the degree of damage to the battery pack 1. Additionally, the separator 13 is connected to the casing 11, enhancing the integrity and rigidity of the internal structure of the battery pack 1. When the battery pack 1 is subjected to external impact or vibration, the isolation plate 13 can disperse the stress, protect the installation stability of the battery cell 12, and ensure that the battery pack 1 can still work normally under complex working conditions.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separator plate in the battery pack of the battery cluster provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the separator plate 13 has a plurality of through holes 131, and the battery cells 12 pass through the through holes 131.

[0058] Specifically, multiple through holes 131 can be opened on the separator plate 13, and the battery cell 12 passes through the through holes 131. This ensures that the battery cell 12 is installed and fixed, and also ensures that the electrode 121 is completely separated from the exhaust port 113. The dual protection mechanism provides a more reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the battery.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first fire protection structure 112 and the second fire protection structure 114 are thermomelting structures and / or thermal explosion structures.

[0060] Specifically, the thermal fusion structure and thermal explosion structure are extremely sensitive to temperature changes. Taking the glass bulb as an example, when the ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold, the glass bulb ruptures, rapidly opening the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe 21 and the liquid inlet 111. This allows for a rapid response and activation of fire-fighting measures when the internal temperature of the battery pack 1 just reaches a dangerous level. Compared to traditional fire-fighting devices, this can be triggered several seconds or even tens of seconds earlier, buying valuable time to control thermal runaway and extinguish the fire. Secondly, the thermal fusion structure and thermal explosion structure have fewer components and lack complex electronic components or mechanical transmission mechanisms. They mainly rely on the physical properties of the materials themselves to achieve their functions, making them less prone to mechanical failures or electronic component failures. Even under complex operating conditions such as long-term vibration and high temperatures, the battery pack 1 can still maintain stable and reliable performance, significantly reducing the failure rate of the fire-fighting system. In addition, the manufacturing process of the thermal fusion structure and thermal explosion structure is mature, and the raw material cost is low. Compared to intelligent fire-fighting devices that require the integration of complex sensors and controllers, fire-fighting systems using thermal fusion or thermal explosion structures can effectively reduce the overall manufacturing cost of the battery pack while ensuring fire-fighting effectiveness. Furthermore, the thermal fusion structure and thermal explosion structure do not rely on the power system to trigger their actions. Even in extreme situations such as thermal runaway of battery pack 1 leading to short circuits or power outages, they can still function normally and autonomously activate fire-fighting measures, ensuring the independence and reliability of the fire-fighting system and providing a solid guarantee for battery safety.

[0061] In some embodiments, the battery cluster further includes: a plurality of liquid cooling plates 3, which are disposed in conjunction with the battery pack 1; a plurality of second liquid inlet pipes 22, which are connected between the liquid inlet main pipe 2 and the liquid cooling plates 3; a liquid outlet main pipe 4, and a plurality of liquid outlet pipes 41 connected to the liquid outlet main pipe 4, which are connected between the liquid outlet main pipe 4 and the liquid cooling plates 3.

[0062] Specifically, during normal battery operation, the liquid cooling medium flows into the liquid cooling plate 3 through the second inlet pipe 22, providing conventional indirect heat dissipation for the battery pack 1 and maintaining the battery within a suitable operating temperature range. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 1, after the first fire-fighting structure 112 is activated, the liquid cooling medium can continue to flow through the liquid cooling plate 3 for indirect cooling while directly entering the battery pack 1 to directly cool and extinguish the fire at each individual battery cell 12. This "dual-pronged" heat dissipation mode can both ensure daily heat dissipation needs and quickly extinguish fires in emergencies, significantly improving the overall thermal management and fire-fighting efficiency of the battery cluster.

[0063] The absence of additional fire suppression piping means that the internal space of the battery pack does not need to be replanned, avoiding the occupation of valuable installation space due to the installation of an independent fire suppression system. Especially in applications with stringent space requirements, such as electric vehicles and energy storage power stations, this design can maximize the use of limited space, facilitating the rational arrangement of battery pack 1 and other components, and helping to improve the energy density and integration of the battery pack.

[0064] Since the original liquid cooling system architecture remains unchanged, the workflow and parameters of liquid cooling plate 3 do not need to be readjusted, avoiding compatibility issues and operational instability risks caused by system changes. Whether under normal operating conditions or abnormal fire conditions, liquid cooling plate 3 can continuously and stably perform its heat dissipation function, ensuring that the temperature of battery pack 1 remains within a controllable range, thus enhancing the operational reliability of the entire battery cluster in different scenarios.

[0065] In summary, this embodiment of the application eliminates the need to redesign an independent fire-fighting piping system. It utilizes the existing main inlet pipe 2, connecting it to the inlet port 111 of the battery pack 1. A first fire-fighting structure 112 is installed in the inlet port 111 to control the continuity between the first inlet pipe 21 and the inlet port 111. When the battery pack 1 experiences an abnormal temperature or thermal runaway reaching a preset temperature, the first fire-fighting structure 112 opens the connection between the first inlet pipe 21 and the inlet port 111, allowing the liquid cooling medium in the main inlet pipe 2 to quickly and directly enter the battery pack 1, thereby precisely and effectively cooling and extinguishing the fire. Multiple battery packs 1 are connected to the main inlet pipe 2 via their respective first inlet pipes 21, without disrupting the overall structure of the battery cluster. When a battery pack 1 experiences an abnormal temperature or thermal runaway, the liquid cooling medium can enter that battery pack 1 through the corresponding first inlet pipe 21 and inlet port 111, preventing the spread of thermal runaway to other battery packs 1 and improving the reliability and safety of the battery cluster.

[0066] Accordingly, this application provides an energy storage system including a battery cluster of any one of the above; a liquid cooling module connected to the inlet manifold 2 and outlet manifold 4 of the battery cluster; and a control module electrically connected to the battery cluster and the liquid cooling module.

[0067] Specifically, the liquid cooling module is connected to the inlet manifold 2 and outlet manifold 4 of the battery pack, forming a highly efficient liquid cooling circulation system. During the charging and discharging process of the battery pack 1, the liquid cooling medium continuously circulates and removes heat, ensuring that the battery cells 12 are at a suitable operating temperature, reducing performance degradation caused by excessively high or low temperatures, improving battery charging and discharging efficiency and cycle life, and thus improving the overall performance and energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage system. The control module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the liquid cooling module, and can collect data such as voltage, temperature, and charging and discharging current of the battery cells 12 in real time, and analyze and process the data through algorithms. Based on the actual operating status of the battery cells 12, the flow rate and temperature of the liquid cooling module are precisely controlled, and parameters such as the charging and discharging power of the battery pack are adjusted, realizing intelligent and refined management of the energy storage system, optimizing system operating efficiency, and reducing energy consumption.

[0068] In summary, based on the aforementioned battery cluster design, the energy storage system can flexibly adjust the number and configuration of battery clusters according to different application scenarios and needs, facilitating capacity expansion. Simultaneously, the standardized interface design of the liquid cooling module and control module makes it easy to integrate with other energy storage devices or energy management systems, meeting the construction needs of energy storage projects of different scales and improving system versatility and market adaptability.

[0069] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0071] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cluster, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery packs (1), each battery pack (1) includes a housing (11), a liquid inlet (111) is provided on the side of the housing (11), and a first fire-fighting structure (112) is provided inside the liquid inlet (111); a main liquid inlet pipe (2), and multiple first liquid inlet pipes (21) connected to the main liquid inlet pipe (2), the first liquid inlet pipes (21) and the liquid inlet (111) are connected, and the main liquid inlet pipe (2) is used to circulate liquid cooling working fluid; wherein, the first fire-fighting structure (112) is used to control the conduction of the passage between the first liquid inlet pipe (21) and the liquid inlet (111), and the first fire-fighting structure (112) is configured to conduct the passage when a preset temperature is reached.

2. The battery cluster according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack (1) also includes a plurality of battery cells (12) disposed in the housing (11). The electrode (121) and the explosion-proof valve (122) of the battery cell (12) are disposed on opposite sides of the battery cell (12), and the liquid inlet (111) is disposed close to the explosion-proof valve (122).

3. The battery cluster according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (11) has an exhaust port (113) on its side, and the exhaust port (113) is located close to the electrode (121).

4. The battery cluster according to claim 3, characterized in that, A second fire-fighting structure (114) is provided inside the exhaust port (113), and the second fire-fighting structure (114) is configured to open the exhaust port (113) when the preset temperature is reached.

5. The battery cluster according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the direction from the explosion-proof valve (122) to the electrode (121), the position of the exhaust port (113) is lower than the plane where the electrode (121) is located.

6. The battery cluster according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack (1) also includes an isolation plate (13), which is disposed between the exhaust port (113) and the electrode (121), and the isolation plate (13) is connected to the housing (11).

7. The battery cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that, The separator plate (13) has multiple through holes (131), and the battery cell (12) passes through the through holes (131).

8. The battery cluster according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first fire protection structure (112) and the second fire protection structure (114) are thermo-melting structures and / or thermo-explosive structures.

9. The battery cluster according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple liquid cooling plates (3) are attached to the battery pack (1); multiple second liquid inlet pipes (22) are connected between the main liquid inlet pipe (2) and the liquid cooling plates (3); a main liquid outlet pipe (4) and multiple liquid outlet pipes (41) connected to the main liquid outlet pipe (4) are connected between the main liquid outlet pipe (4) and the liquid cooling plates (3).

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The battery cluster as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The liquid cooling module is connected to the inlet manifold (2) and outlet manifold (4) of the battery cluster; the control module is electrically connected to the battery cluster and the liquid cooling module.

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