X-waveband high-dynamic receiving assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses an X-waveband high-dynamic receiving assembly, which relates to the technical field of microwave signal transmission and comprises an X-waveband signal receiving module, a hybrid frequency conversion module, an intermediate-frequency amplification module and an analog-to-digital conversion module which are sequentially connected. The X-waveband signal receiving module comprises a three-stage amplitude limiting structure and a double-path low noise amplifier; the hybrid frequency conversion module is of a multi-channel parallel frequency mixing structure and comprises a plurality of frequency mixer channels; the intermediate-frequency amplification module is of a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure and comprises an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit; the analog-to-digital conversion module is of a multichannel analog-to-digital conversion structure and comprises a plurality of analog-to-digital conversion channels. The X-waveband receiving assembly solves the problems that a traditional X-waveband receiving assembly is limited in dynamic range and insufficient in signal processing precision, can stably work in a wide dynamic range and complex signal environment, and has higher adaptability and signal processing precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of microwave signal transmission technology, specifically to an X-band high dynamic range receiving component. Background Technology

[0002] X-band receivers are crucial equipment in the field of microwave signal reception, widely used in radar detection, satellite communications, and other applications. Their primary function is to receive X-band microwave signals and process them for effective transmission and application. Existing X-band receivers typically consist of modules for signal reception, frequency conversion, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion. However, they have several limitations in practical applications, placing extremely high demands on the performance of the signal receiving components. Traditional X-band receivers suffer from several limitations, such as limited dynamic range, difficulty in effectively handling large-scale input signal variations, high noise levels affecting the sensitivity to weak signals, and insufficient anti-interference capabilities, making them susceptible to external electromagnetic interference and resulting in signal distortion.

[0003] With the rapid development of electronic technology, modern X-band applications place higher demands on signal receiving components. Existing receiving components often suffer from signal overload or weak signals being submerged in noise when dealing with wide dynamic range signals; in complex electromagnetic environments, they are susceptible to interference and it is difficult to guarantee signal fidelity. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides an X-band high dynamic range receiving component that solves the problems of limited dynamic range and insufficient signal processing accuracy of traditional X-band receiving components. It can work stably in a wide dynamic range and complex signal environment, and has stronger adaptability and signal processing accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an X-band high dynamic range receiving component, comprising an X-band signal receiving module, a hybrid frequency conversion module, an intermediate frequency amplification module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module connected in sequence.

[0006] The X-band signal receiving module includes a three-stage amplitude limiting structure and a dual-channel low-noise amplifier.

[0007] The hybrid frequency converter module is a multi-channel parallel mixing structure, including several mixer channels;

[0008] The intermediate frequency amplification module is a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, including an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit.

[0009] The analog-to-digital conversion module is a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion structure, including several analog-to-digital conversion channels.

[0010] To address the problem that existing X-band receivers are limited by dynamic range, making it difficult to effectively handle input signals with large variations, this application proposes an X-band high dynamic range receiver. Through a three-stage limiting structure, it can progressively limit the signal, gradually compressing the dynamic range. Compared to commonly used single-stage limiters, this multi-stage limiter can handle X-band signals of varying intensities, adapt to high dynamic range signals, and offers high limiting accuracy, solving the problems of poor dynamic range adaptability, low limiting accuracy, and insufficient signal processing flexibility. Furthermore, this application employs dual low-noise amplifiers, connecting a high-gain low-noise amplifier and a low-gain low-noise amplifier in parallel to adapt to a wider range of signal strengths, improving the dynamic range and better handling different signal inputs. The hybrid frequency converter module of this application adopts a multi-channel parallel mixer structure. By setting mixers with different parameters, it can cover multiple different frequency ranges and has a wide dynamic range. The intermediate frequency amplifier module of this application adopts multi-level channels and automatic gain control circuit (AGC) to expand the dynamic range of the intermediate frequency amplifier module, adapt to input signals of different intensities, and process the signal data output by the hybrid frequency converter module with multi-channel parallel mixer structure. The analog-to-digital conversion module of this application adopts multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion. Through multi-channel parallel processing, it can perform more accurate acquisition and quantization. Moreover, when a certain channel fails, it can continue to provide effective data, improve fault tolerance and reliability, and meet the needs of high-precision and high dynamic range signal processing that cannot be achieved by a single ADC.

[0011] Furthermore: the three-level limiting structure includes a first-level limiter, a second-level limiter, and a third-level limiter connected in sequence;

[0012] The first-stage limiter is a Schottky diode; the second-stage limiter is a crystal diode; and the third-stage limiter is a Zener diode.

[0013] Schottky diodes, with their low forward voltage and fast recovery characteristics, can limit signal amplitude to near their forward voltage, and in this invention, they are used to initially compress the signal dynamic range. Crystal diodes, with their higher forward voltage than Schottky diodes, are used for further signal limiting, restricting the signal amplitude to an even lower level and reducing the signal dynamic range. Zener diodes, with their stable voltage characteristics in the reverse breakdown region, are used to further reduce the signal dynamic range, precisely limiting the signal amplitude to near the Zener voltage, ensuring the output signal amplitude remains stable within the set range, and achieving high-precision limiting. A three-stage limiting structure is employed, limiting the signal stage by stage to progressively compress the signal dynamic range. Compared to a single limiter, a multi-stage limiter can handle X-band signals of varying intensities, adapt to high dynamic ranges, and has high limiting accuracy, solving the problems of poor dynamic range adaptability, low limiting accuracy, and insufficient signal processing flexibility.

[0014] Furthermore: the dual-channel amplifier includes a high-gain low-noise amplifier and a low-gain low-noise amplifier; the dual-channel amplifier is the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module;

[0015] The high-gain low-noise amplifier and the low-gain low-noise amplifier are connected in parallel and connected to the output of the third-stage limiter. An LC filter is provided before the high-gain low-noise amplifier and an RC filter is provided after the low-gain low-noise amplifier.

[0016] Low-gain, low-noise amplifier circuits can handle high-amplitude signals and reduce signal overload and distortion for input signals with large intensity variations. High-gain amplifier circuits amplify low-amplitude signals, enabling them to be effectively processed by subsequent circuits. This allows the entire amplifier circuit to adapt to a wider range of signal strengths, improving the system's dynamic range and enabling it to better handle different signal input scenarios. LC filters are used to remove high-frequency interference, and RC filters are used to smooth signals. By using low-gain, low-noise amplifier circuits and high-gain, low-noise amplifiers in parallel, it can handle signals of different intensities, meet the needs of different signal gain, and operate within a wide dynamic range. It can amplify both strong and weak input signals, improving the amplifier's dynamic range and flexibility.

[0017] Furthermore: the hybrid frequency conversion module is a multi-channel parallel mixing structure, including several mixer channels. Each mixer channel includes a radio frequency signal processing circuit and a mixer connected in sequence, as well as a local oscillator signal amplifier and a local oscillator bandpass filter connected in sequence. The local oscillator bandpass filter is connected to the mixer.

[0018] The input terminal of the radio frequency signal processing circuit is connected to the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module, and the input of the local oscillator bandpass filter is the local oscillator signal.

[0019] This invention incorporates a multi-channel parallel mixing structure with several mixer channels. By setting different parameters for multiple parallel mixer channels, it can process signals of different frequencies and frequency ranges, has a wide dynamic range, adapts to different application scenarios, reduces image frequency interference, improves local oscillator signal stability, supports broadband signal processing, and solves the problems of traditional single-channel mixers in terms of frequency conversion efficiency, frequency selectivity, anti-interference ability, signal processing capability, and flexibility.

[0020] Furthermore, the radio frequency signal processing circuit includes a radio frequency low noise amplifier, a radio frequency bandpass filter, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA) connected in sequence.

[0021] The RF low-noise amplifier first amplifies weak signals and reduces noise to ensure the clarity of useful signals; the RF bandpass filter precisely selects a specific frequency range, effectively blocking out-of-band noise and interference to ensure signal purity; the variable gain amplifier (VGA) can dynamically adjust signal strength and intelligently adjust the gain according to the input signal amplitude to meet the gain requirements of different scenarios; the RF signal processing circuit composed of the RF low-noise amplifier, RF bandpass filter, and variable gain amplifier (VGA), when applied in a multi-channel parallel mixer module, can enhance the adaptability to wide dynamic range signals and solve the problems of poor noise control, low frequency selectivity, and insufficient dynamic range in traditional RF hybrid frequency conversion modules.

[0022] Furthermore, the intermediate frequency amplification module is a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, including a first intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first intermediate frequency low noise amplifier, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency low noise amplifier, a third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, an automatic gain control circuit (AGC), and a third intermediate frequency low noise amplifier connected in sequence.

[0023] This invention employs a multi-stage filtering and amplification intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier module, which effectively filters out noise and interference, retains and amplifies the useful IF signal. After multi-stage processing, the signal is purer and more stable, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and the performance of the receiving components. At the same time, the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit can dynamically adjust the signal strength to ensure stable output signal amplitude and adapt to different input signal conditions, solving the problems of insufficient noise control, low signal fidelity, and narrow dynamic range in traditional IF amplifier modules.

[0024] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital conversion module includes a signal distributor, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a signal data fusion unit connected in sequence.

[0025] While the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit in the intermediate frequency amplifier module can stabilize the signal amplitude, amplitude fluctuations still exist in high dynamic range applications. Furthermore, the operation of the AGC circuit may be unstable, causing significant variations in signal amplitude. By using the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) unit in the analog-to-digital converter module for parallel processing, more accurate acquisition and quantization can be achieved. At the same time, multiple channels can continue to provide valid data even if one channel fails, improving fault tolerance and reliability, and meeting the needs of high-precision, high-dynamic-range signal processing that a single ADC cannot achieve.

[0026] Furthermore, the multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit includes several analog-to-digital conversion channels, each of which includes a low-noise amplifier, a variable gain amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, an anti-aliasing filter, and a data buffer connected in sequence.

[0027] The multi-channel analog-to-digital converter unit features a low-noise amplifier in each channel to reduce noise and amplify weak signals, a variable gain amplifier to adjust signal strength to adapt to different input amplitudes, an analog-to-digital converter to efficiently convert analog signals into digital signals, an anti-aliasing filter to remove high-frequency interference components and prevent aliasing, and a data buffer to temporarily store data to ensure stable transmission. This invention's analog-to-digital conversion channel can solve the problem of high-precision acquisition and conversion of wide dynamic range signals, ensuring high fidelity during analog-to-digital conversion, while improving the system's anti-interference capability and data processing efficiency, meeting the needs for accurate signal reception and digital processing in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0028] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0029] This invention relates to an X-band high dynamic range receiving component. By employing a three-stage limiting structure, dual-channel low-noise amplifiers, a multi-channel parallel mixing structure, a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, and a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion structure, it solves the problems of low signal processing accuracy and poor anti-interference capability caused by the small dynamic range of traditional X-band receiving components. It can cover signals from multiple different frequency ranges and process X-band signals of different intensities, achieving high dynamic range and high-precision signal reception and processing. This improves the flexibility and stability of signal processing, enhances the anti-interference capability of signal processing, and reduces signal noise. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention, do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-band high dynamic range receiving component in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features within them can be combined with each other.

[0033] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model discloses an X-band high dynamic range receiving component, including an X-band signal receiving module, a hybrid frequency conversion module, an intermediate frequency amplification module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module connected in sequence.

[0036] The X-band signal receiving module includes a three-stage limiting structure and dual low-noise amplifiers;

[0037] The hybrid frequency converter module is a multi-channel parallel mixer structure, including several mixer channels;

[0038] The intermediate frequency amplifier module is a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, including an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit.

[0039] The analog-to-digital conversion module is a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion structure, including several analog-to-digital conversion channels.

[0040] In the X-band signal receiving module, the three-stage limiting structure includes a first-stage limiter, a second-stage limiter, and a third-stage limiter connected in sequence; wherein, the first-stage limiter is a Schottky diode; the second-stage limiter is a crystal diode; and the third-stage limiter is a Zener diode.

[0041] Schottky diodes, with their low forward voltage and fast recovery characteristics, can limit signal amplitude to near their forward voltage, and in this invention, they are used to initially compress the dynamic range of the signal. Crystal diodes, with their higher forward voltage than Schottky diodes, are used for further signal limiting, restricting the signal amplitude to an even lower level and reducing the signal's dynamic range. Zener diodes, with their stable voltage characteristics in the reverse breakdown region, are used to further reduce the signal's dynamic range, precisely limiting the signal amplitude to near the Zener voltage, ensuring the output signal amplitude remains stable within the set range, and achieving high-precision limiting. This invention uses a Schottky diode as the first-stage limiter, a crystal diode as the second-stage limiter, and a Zener diode as the third-stage limiter, and connects them sequentially to form a three-stage limiting structure. This achieves progressive signal limiting, gradually compressing the signal's dynamic range, and can handle X-band signals of varying intensities, exhibiting strong dynamic range adaptability and limiting accuracy.

[0042] In the X-band signal receiving module, the dual amplifier is the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module. The dual amplifier includes a high-gain low-noise amplifier and a low-gain low-noise amplifier. The high-gain low-noise amplifier and the low-gain low-noise amplifier are connected in parallel and connected to the output terminal of the third-stage limiter. An LC filter is set before the high-gain low-noise amplifier to remove high-frequency interference, and an RC filter is set after the low-gain low-noise amplifier to smooth the signal.

[0043] This invention employs a low-gain, low-noise amplifier to process high-amplitude signals, which can reduce signal overload and distortion. It also employs a high-gain, low-noise amplifier to process low-amplitude signals, which can amplify weak signals. The dual-channel amplifier, composed of the low-gain, low-noise amplifier and the high-gain, low-noise amplifier, can process input signals with large intensity variations, meet the needs of different signal gain, improve the signal strength adaptability range of the X-band receiver module, and cope with X-band signal input scenarios of different intensities.

[0044] In the hybrid frequency conversion module, the multi-channel parallel mixing structure includes several mixer channels. Each mixer channel includes a radio frequency signal processing circuit and a mixer connected in sequence, as well as a local oscillator signal amplifier and a local oscillator bandpass filter connected in sequence. The local oscillator bandpass filter is connected to the mixer. The input terminal of the radio frequency signal processing circuit is connected to the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module, and the input of the local oscillator bandpass filter is the local oscillator signal.

[0045] This invention's multi-channel parallel mixing structure improves frequency conversion efficiency and signal processing capabilities by having multiple mixer channels work together. Furthermore, the RF signal processing circuit of each channel can be configured with different parameters to simultaneously process X-band signals of different frequencies and bands, enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of frequency processing. After amplification and filtering, the local oscillator signal effectively suppresses spurious components, reduces interference, and improves mixing quality. This multi-channel parallel mixing structure solves the problems of poor selectivity, limited signal processing capabilities, and weak anti-interference capabilities of traditional single-channel mixers when processing wide dynamic range signals, improving signal mixing quality and meeting the high dynamic and high-precision requirements for signal reception and processing in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0046] In each mixer channel of the hybrid frequency conversion module, the radio frequency signal processing circuitry includes a radio frequency low noise amplifier, a radio frequency bandpass filter, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA) connected in sequence.

[0047] The RF signal processing circuit in the mixer channel first amplifies the input signal and reduces noise through an RF low-noise amplifier to ensure signal clarity. Then, an RF bandpass filter accurately selects the target frequency and filters out noise. Finally, a variable gain amplifier (VGA) dynamically adjusts the signal strength to adapt to different input signals, solving the problem of low signal fidelity and insufficient adaptability of traditional mixers and improving the performance of X-band high dynamic range receiver components in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0048] In the intermediate frequency (IF) amplification module, the IF amplification module is mainly a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, including a first IF bandpass filter, a first IF low-noise amplifier, a second IF bandpass filter, a second IF low-noise amplifier, a third IF bandpass filter, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, and a third IF low-noise amplifier connected in sequence.

[0049] This invention designs a multi-stage filtering and amplification intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier module. Through multiple filtering and amplification processes, it can filter out stray frequency components of the IF signal. Furthermore, it incorporates an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, which can monitor signal strength in real time and automatically adjust the amplifier gain. This ensures a stable output signal amplitude within the IF amplifier module, adapting to input signals of varying strengths and expanding the dynamic range of the IF amplifier module. This enables the IF amplifier module to process signals from hybrid frequency converter modules composed of multi-channel parallel mixer structures.

[0050] The analog-to-digital conversion module includes a signal distributor, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a signal data fusion unit connected in sequence.

[0051] Compared to traditional single-channel analog-to-digital converters, this invention employs a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter unit, suitable for X-band signals with high dynamic range. Although the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit in the intermediate frequency amplification module can stabilize the signal amplitude, amplitude fluctuations still exist in high dynamic range applications. Furthermore, the operation of the AGC circuit may be unstable, causing significant variations in signal amplitude. By using multi-channel parallel processing, more accurate acquisition and quantization are achieved. At the same time, multiple channels can continue to provide effective data even if one channel fails, improving fault tolerance and reliability, and meeting the needs of high-precision, high-dynamic-range signal processing that a single ADC cannot achieve.

[0052] The multi-channel analog-to-digital converter unit of this invention includes several analog-to-digital conversion channels, each of which includes a low-noise amplifier, a variable gain amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, an anti-aliasing filter, and a data buffer connected in sequence.

[0053] Among them, the low-noise amplifier is used to reduce noise and amplify the signal, the variable gain amplifier is used to adjust the signal strength to adapt to different input conditions, the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert analog signals into digital signals to achieve high-precision analog-to-digital conversion, the anti-aliasing filter suppresses high-frequency interference to prevent aliasing, and the data buffer is used to temporarily store data to ensure stable data transmission. In the X-band high dynamic range component, the analog-to-digital conversion channel can improve the signal acquisition accuracy, expand the dynamic range, enhance the anti-interference capability, and meet the high-precision signal processing requirements in complex environments. Through multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion, the problems of narrow dynamic range and low signal acquisition accuracy of traditional analog-to-digital conversion are solved.

[0054] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0055] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An X-band high dynamic range receiving component, characterized in that, It includes an X-band signal receiving module, a hybrid frequency conversion module, an intermediate frequency amplification module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module connected in sequence; The X-band signal receiving module includes a three-stage amplitude limiting structure and a dual-channel low-noise amplifier. The hybrid frequency converter module is a multi-channel parallel mixing structure, including several mixer channels; The intermediate frequency amplification module is a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, including an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit. The analog-to-digital conversion module is a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion structure, including several analog-to-digital conversion channels.

2. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-level limiting structure includes a first-level limiter, a second-level limiter, and a third-level limiter connected in sequence; The first-stage limiter is a Schottky diode; the second-stage limiter is a crystal diode; and the third-stage limiter is a Zener diode.

3. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-channel low-noise amplifier includes a high-gain low-noise amplifier and a low-gain low-noise amplifier; the dual-channel low-noise amplifier is the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module; The high-gain low-noise amplifier and the low-gain low-noise amplifier are connected in parallel and connected to the output of the third-stage limiter. An LC filter is provided before the high-gain low-noise amplifier and an RC filter is provided after the low-gain low-noise amplifier.

4. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid frequency conversion module is a multi-channel parallel mixing structure, including several mixer channels. Each mixer channel includes a radio frequency signal processing circuit and a mixer connected in sequence, as well as a local oscillator signal amplifier and a local oscillator bandpass filter connected in sequence. The local oscillator bandpass filter is connected to the mixer. The input terminal of the radio frequency signal processing circuit is connected to the output terminal of the X-band signal receiving module, and the input of the local oscillator bandpass filter is the local oscillator signal.

5. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal processing circuit includes a radio frequency low noise amplifier, a radio frequency bandpass filter, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA) connected in sequence.

6. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate frequency (IF) amplification module is a multi-stage filtering and amplification structure, comprising a first IF bandpass filter, a first IF low-noise amplifier, a second IF bandpass filter, a second IF low-noise amplifier, a third IF bandpass filter, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, and a third IF low-noise amplifier connected in sequence.

7. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog-to-digital conversion module includes a signal distributor, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a signal data fusion unit connected in sequence.

8. The X-band high dynamic range receiving component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-channel analog-to-digital converter unit includes several analog-to-digital conversion channels, each of which includes a low-noise amplifier, a variable gain amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, an anti-aliasing filter, and a data buffer connected in sequence.

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