Power supply heat dissipation equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of power supply heat dissipation, and particularly discloses power supply heat dissipation equipment which comprises a cabinet body, the cabinet body is provided with a cavity used for containing a power supply, the top of the cabinet body communicates with an air inlet and outlet channel, and a ventilation device used for air inlet and outlet adjustment is arranged in the air inlet and outlet channel; the bottom side wall of the cabinet body communicates with a cold air channel. The end, away from the cabinet body, of the cold air channel is connected with a refrigeration device. An exhaust port and a switch device used for opening and closing the exhaust port are arranged on the side, away from the cold air channel, of the cabinet body. The power supply heat dissipation equipment can form multiple heat dissipation modes, can effectively utilize cold air in the external environment, and has good heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

A power supply heat dissipation device Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power supply heat dissipation technology, and more specifically, relates to a power supply heat dissipation device. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, power supplies generate heat due to energy loss, load effects, and other factors. To ensure stable operation and improve safety, heat dissipation is necessary.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional power supply equipment heat dissipation solutions mainly include water cooling and air cooling. Water cooling primarily uses circulating tap water to remove heat from the power supply, which is then released by an external heatsink. However, in summer, when ambient temperatures rise, the temperature difference between the tap water and the outside air is small, significantly reducing heat dissipation efficiency and easily leading to the power supply overheating. Furthermore, relying on water cooling throughout the year results in high energy consumption. Additionally, in winter, when ambient temperatures are too low, the tap water is prone to freezing, potentially causing the power supply to fail to dissipate heat effectively, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0004] For air-cooled heat dissipation solutions, industrial fans are typically installed on the power cabinet's enclosure to dissipate heat through forced air convection. However, the heat dissipation capacity of this solution is largely dependent on the ambient temperature. In hot summer weather, the intake air temperature becomes too high, resulting in poor heat dissipation and low cooling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies or improvement needs of the prior art, this application provides a power supply heat dissipation device with good heat dissipation efficiency and can better cope with changes in the external ambient temperature.

[0006] This application provides a power supply heat dissipation device, including a cabinet, the cabinet having a cavity for accommodating a power supply, wherein:

[0007] The top of the cabinet is connected to an air intake and exhaust channel, and a ventilation device for regulating air intake and exhaust is installed in the air intake and exhaust channel.

[0008] The bottom side wall of the cabinet is connected to a cold air channel, and the end of the cold air channel away from the cabinet is connected to a refrigeration device.

[0009] The cabinet has an exhaust vent and a switch for opening and closing the exhaust vent on the side away from the air conditioning duct.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application enable the equipment to form a multi-path heat dissipation mode by configuring ventilation devices, cooling devices and switching devices in specific parts of the cabinet. This is beneficial for the equipment to dynamically adapt to seasonal temperature differences, better cope with changes in external ambient temperature, and achieve efficient and low-energy heat dissipation of the power supply.

[0011] For example, when using this equipment, adjust the cooling unit, ventilation unit, and switching device to make the cooling unit generate cold air, the ventilation unit exhaust air, and the switching device close the exhaust port. In this setting, the cooling unit sends cold air to the power supply in the cabinet, and then the ventilation unit exhausts air outward along the intake and exhaust channels to draw the hot air that has accumulated inside the cabinet to the outside. This creates a single-line cooling mode from the cold air channel to the intake and exhaust channels in the entire equipment, achieving rapid cooling of the power supply and ensuring that the power supply operates within a safe and stable temperature range. This mode is particularly suitable for high-temperature environments in summer for efficient cooling of the power supply.

[0012] For example, when using this equipment, adjust the refrigeration unit, ventilation unit, and switching device to make the refrigeration unit generate cold air, the ventilation unit draw air into the cabinet, and the switching device open the exhaust port. In this setup, the refrigeration unit supplies cold air to the power supply inside the cabinet, and the ventilation unit draws cold air from outside into the cabinet through the intake and exhaust channels, then exhausts the hot air from inside the cabinet through the exhaust port. This creates a dual-line cooling mode in the overall equipment, with the refrigeration unit and the intake and exhaust channels running in parallel and both leading to the exhaust port. This allows for rapid cooling of the power supply, and this mode is particularly suitable for use in low-temperature winter environments, enabling effective utilization of external cold sources.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the switching device includes a sealing plate rotatably mounted on the cabinet and a drive mechanism for driving the sealing plate to switch the exhaust port.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism includes a piston rod, a connecting rod, and an adjusting member, wherein:

[0015] The piston rod is configured with an extension mode and a retraction mode. The cylinder of the piston rod is connected to the inner wall of the cabinet. The connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sealing plate and the piston of the piston rod. The piston can move under the adjustment of the adjusting component, so that the piston rod can be adjusted between the extension mode and the retraction mode.

[0016] When the piston rod is in the extended mode, the piston pulls the sealing plate tight via the connecting rod, causing the sealing plate to close the exhaust port;

[0017] When the piston is adjusted from the extension mode to the contraction mode, the piston pushes the sealing plate through the connecting rod to open the exhaust port.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the adjusting element includes an adjustable electromagnet fixed inside the cabinet.

[0019] When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the piston, causing the piston to extend from the cylinder, so that the piston rod is in the extended mode;

[0020] When the electromagnet is de-energized, the piston contracts under the negative pressure inside the cylinder, so that the piston rod is in a contracted mode.

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the piston is provided with a protrusion, and a positioning plate is fixed on the inner wall of the cabinet for positioning by contact with the protrusion.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment, the switching device includes a plug and an elastic element. The plug is connected to the exhaust port through the elastic element, and the plug can be adjusted to move between a first axial position and a second position of the exhaust port under the action of pressure on both sides and the elastic force of the elastic element.

[0023] When the plug is in the first position, the plug abuts against and seals the end of the vent near the inner wall of the cabinet to close the vent.

[0024] When the plug is in the first position, the plug opens the vent.

[0025] As a further preferred embodiment, the power supply heat dissipation device also includes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside and outside the cabinet.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment, a filter structure is provided in the intake and exhaust channels.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment, the power supply cooling device is located indoors, with the end of the air intake and exhaust channel away from the cabinet penetrating the wall and extending outdoors.

[0028] As a further preferred embodiment, the cold air channel is detachably connected to the refrigeration device.

[0029] As a further preferred embodiment, the cabinet has an operable door.

[0030] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following main technical advantages:

[0031] 1. The power supply cooling device of this application can form two operating modes, namely single-line cooling mode and dual-line cooling mode, by configuring ventilation device, cooling device and switching device in specific parts of the cabinet, so as to adapt to the ambient temperature change and carry out efficient and low-energy heat dissipation of the power supply.

[0032] 2. The power supply heat dissipation device of this application forms two heat dissipation paths through the cooperation of multiple channels, which can improve the reliability risk of traditional single heat dissipation path, and can utilize the low temperature cold air in the external environment for power supply cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of heat dissipation operation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the power supply heat dissipation device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 is an airflow diagram of the power supply heat dissipation device in the single-line cooling mode provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 is an airflow diagram of the power supply heat dissipation device under the dual-line cooling mode provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the piston rod and the sealing plate in the extended mode provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the piston rod and sealing plate in the contraction mode provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the plug in the first position according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the plug in the second position according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0041] 1. Cabinet body; 1-1. Sealing ring; 1-2. Cabinet door; 1-3. Exhaust port; 2. Inlet and outlet passages; 2-1. Shell; 2-2. Pipe body; 3. Ventilation device; 4. Cold air passage; 5. Refrigeration device; 6. Switching device; 7. Sealing plate; 8. Piston rod; 8-1. Cylinder; 8-2. Piston; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Adjusting component; 11. Positioning plate; 12. Plug; 13. Elastic component; 14. Support structure; 15. Filter structure. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0043] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to Figures 1-7.

[0044] This application discloses a power supply heat dissipation device. Referring to FIG1, the power supply heat dissipation device includes a cabinet 1, the cabinet 1 having a cavity for accommodating the power supply, wherein: the top of the cabinet 1 is connected to an air intake and exhaust channel 2, and a ventilation device 3 for regulating air intake and exhaust is provided in the air intake and exhaust channel 2; the bottom side wall of the cabinet 1 is connected to a cold air channel 4, and a cooling device 5 is connected to the end of the cold air channel 4 away from the cabinet 1; an exhaust port 1-3 and a switch device 6 for opening and closing the exhaust port 1-3 are provided on the side of the cabinet 1 away from the cold air channel 4.

[0045] In this design, by configuring ventilation devices 3, cooling devices 5 and switching devices 6 in specific parts of the cabinet, the equipment can form multiple heat dissipation modes, achieve efficient and low-energy heat dissipation of the power supply, and at the same time, the equipment can adapt to seasonal temperature differences, eliminating the reliability risks of traditional single heat dissipation paths.

[0046] For example, when the temperature inside the cabinet exceeds a certain value (this value is preset, usually the maximum suitable operating temperature of the power supply is used as the critical value), and the ambient temperature is high (such as 30 degrees Celsius), the cooling device 5 and the ventilation device 3 are activated, and the exhaust ports 1-3 are closed by the switch device 6. The cooling device 5 sends cold air to the power supply in the cabinet 1 through the cold air channel 4, while the ventilation device 3 exhausts air out through the intake and exhaust channels 2 to draw the hot air that has accumulated in the cabinet 1 to the outside of the cabinet 1. This creates a single-line cooling mode (i.e., summer mode) in the entire equipment, from the cold air channel 4 to the intake and exhaust channels 2. The airflow direction is roughly as shown by the arrow in Figure 2, so as to achieve rapid cooling of the power supply and ensure that the power supply operates in a safe and stable temperature range.

[0047] For example, when the temperature inside the cabinet exceeds a certain value and the ambient temperature is low (such as in winter), the refrigeration unit 5 is activated, sending cold air to the power supply in the cabinet 1 through the cold air channel 4. At the same time, the ventilation unit 3 is activated and controlled, sending air into the cabinet through the intake and exhaust channels 2 to draw the low-temperature cold air outside into the cabinet. Simultaneously, the switch device 6 is controlled to open the exhaust port 1-3, expelling the hot air inside the cabinet through the exhaust port 1-3. This creates a dual-line cooling mode (i.e., winter mode) in the overall equipment, with the refrigeration unit 5 and the intake and exhaust channels 2 running in parallel and leading to the exhaust port 1-3. The airflow direction is roughly as shown by the arrow in Figure 3, which enables rapid cooling of the power supply and effective utilization of the cold source in the external environment.

[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the switching device 6 includes a sealing plate 7 rotatably mounted on the outer end of the exhaust port 1-3 and a drive mechanism for driving the sealing plate 7 to switch the exhaust port 1-3.

[0049] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, the top of the sealing plate 7 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the cabinet 1. The driving mechanism includes a piston rod 8, a connecting rod 9, and an adjusting member 10. The piston rod 8 is configured with an extension mode and a retraction mode. The cylinder 8-1 of the piston rod 8 is connected to the inner top wall of the cabinet 1. One end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the sealing plate 7, and the other end is rotatably connected to the piston 8-2 of the piston rod 8. The piston rod 8 can move up and down under the adjustment of the adjusting member 10 to adjust between the extension mode and the retraction mode. When the piston rod 8 is in the extension mode (as shown in Figure 4), the piston rod 8 pulls the sealing plate 7 tight via the connecting rod 9, causing the sealing plate 7 to close the exhaust port 1-3. When the piston 8-2 of the piston rod 8 is adjusted from the extension mode to the retraction mode (as shown in Figure 5), the piston rod 8 pushes the sealing plate 7 via the connecting rod 9 to open the exhaust port 1-3.

[0050] Preferably, the sealing plate 7 is a lightweight thin plate, and the adjusting component 10 includes an electromagnet fixed to the bottom wall inside the cabinet 1. The piston 8-2 of the piston rod 8 is made of iron or other magnetic material that can be attracted by magnetic force, or an iron plate is fixed to the end of the piston 8-2. By adjusting the on and off state of the electromagnet, the magnetic attraction and disengagement of the piston 8-2 can be achieved, thus adjusting the position of the piston 8-2 in the piston rod 8. This design can reduce the use of large-volume pneumatic and hydraulic mechanisms, achieving a lightweight design for the equipment.

[0051] Generally, when the electromagnet is energized, it attracts piston 8-2, causing piston 8-2 on piston rod 8 to move downwards until it reaches the first position shown in Figure 4. When the electromagnet is de-energized, piston 8-2 inside piston rod 8 moves upwards to the second position shown in Figure 5 under the negative pressure inside cylinder 8-1. Piston 8-2 then pushes the sealing plate 7 open via connecting rod 9. In practice, in other embodiments, the layout of piston rod 8, connecting rod 9, adjusting member 10, and sealing plate 7 on cabinet 1 can also be adjusted, as long as the opening and closing adjustment of sealing plate 7 is achieved.

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the piston 8-2, away from the cylinder 8-1, has a protrusion. A positioning plate 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The positioning plate 11 is used for positioning by the protrusion to limit the movement range of the piston 8-2. In actual use, under the negative pressure inside the cylinder 8-1, the piston 8-2 moves upward, allowing the protrusion to contact the bottom surface of the positioning plate 11, thus placing the piston 8-2 in the second position.

[0053] Of course, in some embodiments, the adjusting member 10 can be a pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism, so that the piston rod 8 forms a pneumatic or hydraulic piston rod. In some embodiments, the driving mechanism can also be a rotary motor, which drives the sealing plate 7 to rotate and adjust, thereby opening and closing the exhaust ports 1-3.

[0054] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, in some embodiments, the switching device 6 includes a plug 12 and an elastic element 13. The plug 12 is connected to the exhaust port 1-3 through the elastic element 13. The plug 12 can be adjusted to move between a first axial position and a second axial position of the exhaust port 1-3 under the action of pressure on both sides and the elastic force of the elastic element 13. As shown in Figure 6, when the plug 12 is in the first position, the plug 12 abuts against the end of the exhaust port 1-3 near the inner wall of the cabinet 1 to seal it, thereby closing the exhaust port 1-3. As shown in Figure 7, when the plug 12 is in the second position, the plug 12 opens the exhaust port 1-3, and the airflow can flow in the direction indicated by the arrow.

[0055] Specifically, the outer diameter of the plug 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust port 1-3. A sealing ring 1-1 protrudes inward from the end of the exhaust port 1-3 near the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The end of the plug 12 can form an end-face seal with the sealing ring 1-1 to close the exhaust port 1-3. After the plug 12 separates from the sealing ring 1-1, an air passage can be formed between the outer circumference of the plug 12 and the exhaust port 1-3 to allow the exhaust port 1-3 to open.

[0056] Specifically, the elastic element 13 includes, but is not limited to, a spring. When using a spring, to improve the installation stability of the spring, the end of the plug 12 away from the inner wall of the cabinet 1 protrudes to form a positioning post, which is used for the spring to be fitted; while the outer end opening of the exhaust port 1-3 is fixedly installed or threaded with a support structure 14 (such as a cross support plate) with a hollowed-out hole. The end of the spring away from the plug 12 is bonded or abutted against the support structure 14, and the airflow in the exhaust port 1-3 can be discharged to the outside of the cabinet 1 through the hollowed-out support structure 14.

[0057] Generally speaking, the elastic element 13 has a large elastic force. When the equipment is operating in single-line cooling mode, the gas inside the cabinet can be discharged to the outside through the air intake and exhaust channels 2. The gas pressure inside the cabinet is not greater than the sum of the elastic force of the elastic element 13 and the external ambient air pressure, so that the plug 12 abuts against the sealing ring 1-1, thereby closing the exhaust port 1-3.

[0058] When the equipment is operating in dual-line cooling mode, the air inside the cabinet accumulates. The air pressure inside the cabinet is greater than the sum of the elastic force of the elastic element 13 and the external ambient air pressure, causing the plug 12 to move and separate from the sealing ring 1-1, thus enabling the exhaust port 1-3 to discharge.

[0059] Generally speaking, the ventilation capacity of piston-type switch devices is often less than that of plate-type switch devices. In actual design, the size of exhaust ports 1-3 can be designed and adjusted according to the requirements, or multiple exhaust ports 1-3 with piston-type switch devices can be set on cabinet 1 according to the requirements to ensure the ventilation needs during actual use.

[0060] Preferably, in some embodiments, one end of the cold air duct 4 is detachably connected to the refrigeration device 5, and the other end is detachably connected to the cabinet 1. The detachable connection scheme includes, but is not limited to, bolt connection.

[0061] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments, a filter structure 15 is provided in the end of the air intake and exhaust channel 2 away from the cabinet 1. Generally, this device is installed indoors, and the end of the air intake and exhaust channel 2 away from the cabinet 1 extends through and out of the interior wall.

[0062] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments, the air intake and exhaust channel 2 includes a housing 2-1 fixed and covered on the top of the cabinet 1 and a pipe 2-2 communicating with the side wall of the housing 2-1. The ventilation device 3 is connected to the top of the cabinet 1 and located inside the housing 2-1. Multiple ventilation devices 3 are provided, and the ventilation devices 3 include, but are not limited to, fans capable of forward and reverse rotation. The refrigeration device 5 includes, but is not limited to, industrial air conditioners.

[0063] Preferably, in some embodiments, the cabinet 1 has an operable door 1-2, which allows for the retrieval and maintenance of power supplies inside the cabinet by opening and closing the door 1-2.

[0064] In a further preferred embodiment, the power supply cooling device further includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the cabinet and a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature outside the cabinet, so as to achieve real-time temperature monitoring.

[0065] In a further preferred embodiment, the power supply cooling device also includes a controller (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a ventilation device 3, a cooling device 5, a switching device 6, etc. The controller can control the operating status of the device based on the temperature sensor's sensing status and the built-in control program.

[0066] For example, when the external temperature is detected to be higher than a first preset value (e.g., the first preset value is set to zero degrees Celsius, this temperature is set according to user needs), and the internal temperature is detected to be higher than a second preset value (e.g., the second preset temperature is set to forty degrees Celsius), the controller controls the device to operate in single-line cooling mode to ensure the power supply operates within the required safe and stable temperature range. When the external temperature is detected to be no higher than the first preset value, and the internal temperature is detected to be higher than the second preset value, the controller controls the device to operate in dual-line cooling mode to ensure the power supply operates within the required safe and stable temperature range. When the internal temperature is no higher than the second preset value, the heat dissipation equipment stops operating.

[0067] Preferably, in some embodiments, the controller also performs device self-tests via serial communication. If one or more devices experience communication abnormalities, the device will alarm. Generally, this device is an independent device and does not interfere with the cooling equipment that may be integrated into the power supply. When the device is running and performing power supply cooling, if a blockage is detected in the intake and exhaust channels 2, the controller will switch the ventilation device 3 to exhaust air outwards and simultaneously increase the power of the cooling device 5 to its maximum to adjust the device's cooling capacity. This adjustment will automatically return to the original operating mode after the fault is cleared, without requiring manual intervention to change the mode. The self-test and controller control principles are existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0068] To facilitate understanding, a comparative simulation test was conducted between this device and a traditional single-duct cooling device (cabinet 1 is connected to a cooling duct and an air conditioner).

[0069] Under the same high-temperature environment, when this equipment is adjusted to single-line cooling mode, and the industrial air conditioner is set to 25℃ with the fan speed adjusted to 80% of its maximum speed, the internal temperature can be basically stabilized at 38℃±1℃. Hot air is discharged through intake and exhaust channels 2, and the outlet temperature of intake and exhaust channels 2 is approximately 42℃. In contrast, traditional equipment relies solely on air conditioning for cooling, resulting in internal temperature fluctuations of 45℃~50℃, with the air outlet temperature even reaching 55℃.

[0070] Under the same low-temperature environment, when this equipment is adjusted to a dual-line cooling mode, the internal temperature difference can be controlled to ≤2℃. Due to the introduction of cold air from the outside environment, the overall energy consumption of this equipment can be controlled to 8kW·h. In contrast, traditional equipment consumes an average of 15kW·h per day, and the mixing of hot and cold air can cause the temperature in some areas to drop as low as 10℃, affecting power supply stability.

[0071] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0072] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0074] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power supply heat dissipation device, characterized in that, The cabinet (1) includes a cavity for housing a power source. The top of the cabinet (1) is connected to an air intake and exhaust channel (2), and a ventilation device (3) for regulating air intake and exhaust is provided in the air intake and exhaust channel (2). The bottom side wall of the cabinet (1) is connected to a cold air channel (4), and a refrigeration device (5) is connected to the end of the cold air channel (4) away from the cabinet (1). An exhaust port (1-3) and a switch device (6) for opening and closing the exhaust port (1-3) are provided on the side of the cabinet (1) away from the cold air channel (4).

2. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching device (6) includes a sealing plate (7) rotatably mounted on the cabinet (1) and a drive mechanism for driving the sealing plate (7) to open and close the exhaust port (1-3).

3. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a piston rod (8), a connecting rod (9), and an adjusting member (10), wherein: the piston rod (8) is configured with an extension mode and a retraction mode; the cylinder (8-1) of the piston rod (8) is connected to the inner wall of the cabinet (1); the piston (8-2) of the piston rod (8) can move under the adjustment of the adjusting member (10) so that the piston rod (8) is adjusted between the extension mode and the retraction mode; the connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to the sealing plate (7) and the piston (8-2) respectively; when the piston rod (8) is in the extension mode, the piston (8-2) pulls the sealing plate (7) tight through the connecting rod (9) so that the sealing plate (7) closes the exhaust port (1-3); when the piston (8-2) is adjusted from the extension mode to the retraction mode, the piston (8-2) pushes the sealing plate (7) through the connecting rod (9) to open the exhaust port (1-3).

4. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting component (10) includes an adjustable electromagnet fixed inside the cabinet (1); when the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the piston (8-2), causing the piston (8-2) to extend from the cylinder (8-1), so that the piston rod (8) is in the extended mode; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the piston (8-2) contracts under the negative pressure inside the cylinder (8-1), so that the piston rod (8) is in the contracted mode.

5. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The piston (8-2) has a protrusion on its outer circumference, and a positioning plate (11) is fixed on the inner wall of the cabinet (1) for positioning by the protrusion.

6. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching device (6) includes a plug (12) and an elastic element (13). The plug (12) is connected to the exhaust port (1-3) through the elastic element (13). The plug (12) can be adjusted to move between the first and second axial positions of the exhaust port (1-3) under the action of pressure on both sides and the elastic force of the elastic element (13). When the plug (12) is in the first position, the plug (12) abuts against the end of the exhaust port (1-3) near the inner wall of the cabinet (1) to seal, thereby closing the exhaust port (1-3). When the plug (12) is in the second position, the plug (12) opens the exhaust port (1-3).

7. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The power supply cooling device also includes temperature sensors for detecting the temperature inside and outside the cabinet.

8. The power supply heat dissipation device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A filter structure (15) is provided inside the intake and exhaust channels (2).

9. The power supply heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The power supply cooling device is located indoors, and the end of the air intake and exhaust channel (2) away from the cabinet (1) passes through the wall and extends to the outside.

10. The power supply heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The cold air passage (4) is detachably connected to the refrigeration device (5).

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