Rapid minute rainfall collecting and sampling device

Abstract

The utility model provides a rapid minute rainfall collecting and sampling device, which belongs to the technical field of rainwater collecting and sampling and comprises a rainwater collecting funnel, a buoyancy driving mechanism, a rotary shunting mechanism and a plurality of annularly arranged water collecting barrels. The buoyancy driving mechanism is triggered by utilizing buoyancy of accumulated rainwater in the rainwater collecting funnel. The core of the rotary flow dividing mechanism is an angle deviation fixing sleeve fixed below the rainwater collecting funnel, a sawtooth-shaped guide path is arranged on the inner wall of the angle deviation fixing sleeve, and vertical displacement of the buoyancy driving mechanism is converted into intermittent indexing rotation of the sewer pipe by meshing with a corner deviation sliding rod fixed to the sewer pipe. Therefore, the water outlet pipe sequentially aligns to different water collecting cylinders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rainwater collection and sampling technology, specifically relating to a rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of meteorology, hydrology, and environmental monitoring, accurate collection and segmented sampling of rainfall data are fundamental to related research and applications. Existing rainwater harvesting technologies are mainly divided into two categories: one is a funnel-shaped rainwater collection structure combined with a graduated cylinder for cumulative measurement, which records rainfall manually or automatically, but can only acquire cumulative rainfall data and cannot achieve independent collection of rainwater samples from different time periods; the other is a tipping bucket metering device, which can achieve segmented measurement of rainfall, but lacks corresponding sample storage capabilities, making it difficult to meet the needs of water quality analysis and other applications requiring the detection of rainwater sample composition from different time periods.

[0003] Analysis of existing technologies reveals that they largely rely on continuous cumulative measurement or fixed container sampling, making it difficult to automatically switch collection containers based on rainfall events or minute-level time intervals. This can easily lead to the mixing of rainwater samples from different time periods, affecting the temporal correlation of the data. Furthermore, the collected rainwater samples lack effective anti-evaporation measures, and moisture evaporation easily occurs during long-term storage, causing changes in sample concentration and affecting the accuracy of the test results. Dust, debris, and other contaminants can easily enter the device, affecting the purity of the rainwater samples. Some automatic sampling devices have complex structures, rely on electric power, and are unsuitable for field monitoring scenarios without power supply.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model proposes a rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device that is simple in structure, requires no electric drive, can automatically perform segmented sampling, and is evaporation-proof and pollution-proof, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device, which aims to solve the problems in the existing technology that make it difficult to automatically switch and independently seal samples according to rainfall events, which can easily lead to the mixing of rainwater at different times, evaporation loss, or inaccurate correspondence with the rainfall process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device includes:

[0008] Rainwater collection funnels are used to collect and gather rainfall;

[0009] A buoyancy drive mechanism is triggered in response to the buoyancy generated by the rainwater accumulated in the rainwater collection funnel and generates a linear displacement. The buoyancy drive mechanism includes an upward floating airbag disposed in the rainwater collection funnel, a buoyancy upward moving sleeve, and a guide structure that limits the linear movement trajectory of the buoyancy upward moving sleeve.

[0010] A rotary diversion mechanism, linked to the buoyancy drive mechanism, is configured to convert linear displacement into rotary displacement when the buoyancy drive mechanism is triggered, thereby switching the rainwater discharge path. The rotary diversion mechanism includes an angle offset fixing sleeve, a guide path section, a drain pipe, and an angle offset slide bar. The angle offset fixing sleeve is fixed below the outlet of the rainwater collection funnel. The guide path section is formed on the cylindrical surface of the angle offset fixing sleeve and is a serrated guide path opened circumferentially. The movement trajectory of the angle offset slide bar is forcibly constrained by the contour of the serrated guide path. Each tooth unit of the serrated guide path includes an upward guide section and a downward switching section.

[0011] Multiple water collection cylinders are arranged in a ring to collect rainwater discharged by the rotating diversion mechanism after switching, thereby realizing segmented collection of rainwater.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide structure includes a dust-blocking protrusion fixed to the lower end of the rainwater collection funnel and a sliding groove formed thereon, and the buoyancy upward sleeve is slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the rising guide portion constitutes a second guide surface, used to guide the angular offset slide bar to rise along the buoyancy drive mechanism and reach the upper region of the sawtooth guide path when the buoyancy drive mechanism moves upward; the falling switching portion constitutes a first guide surface, the first guide surface having a right-angled triangle vertical cross section, located in the lower region of the sawtooth guide path, used to force the angular offset slide bar to produce a circumferential offset and fall into the initial position of the next adjacent rising guide portion when the buoyancy drive mechanism moves downward, thereby driving the drain pipe to rotate by one division angle.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a rotating hole is provided at the center of the angle offset fixing sleeve, the drain pipe passes through the rotating hole and is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe, a water inlet is provided on one side of the dust-blocking protrusion, the water inlet is connected to the sliding groove, a drain outlet is provided on the side of the buoyancy upward sleeve, the bottom of the buoyancy upward sleeve is rotatably connected to the drain pipe, the drain outlet is connected to the drain pipe, and the drain outlet is connected to the water inlet when the buoyancy upward sleeve moves upward by the buoyancy of rainwater.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a water collection plate is provided below the rainwater collection funnel, and multiple water collection cylinders are distributed in a circular array on the upper end of the water collection plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the number of teeth in the sawtooth guide path and the pitch angle between each tooth unit are the same as the number of water collection cylinders and the angular spacing of their annular distribution.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper inner wall of the water collecting cylinder is provided with a drain sleeve, and a plugging water groove is fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the water collecting cylinder. The plugging water groove is located below the drain sleeve, and a drain outlet is provided at the upper end of the plugging water groove. A freely floating plugging ball is placed in the center of the plugging water groove, which is directly opposite the lower outlet of the drain sleeve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. In this solution, the buoyancy drive mechanism and the rotating diversion mechanism work together to automatically trigger the angle deflection each time rainfall occurs, so that the water outlet pipe is accurately aligned with the next water collection cylinder. This enables segmented collection by minute or by independent rainfall events, effectively avoiding the mixing of rainwater samples from different time periods and significantly improving the temporal resolution and data representativeness of rainfall monitoring.

[0020] 2. In this scheme, each water collection tube is equipped with a self-sealing anti-evaporation structure consisting of a drain sleeve, a plugging water trough, and a plugging ball. After the rainwater is collected, it can automatically float up and block the drainage channel by relying on the buoyancy of the water, which significantly reduces the evaporation loss of the sample during storage and ensures the long-term stability of the collected rainwater sample in terms of composition and volume. This provides high-fidelity original samples for refined meteorological analysis, pollution source tracing, or water quality research. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 A vertical cross-sectional view of a partial structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 A vertical cross-sectional view of a partial structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Rainwater collection funnel; 2. Floating airbag; 3. Dust-blocking protrusion; 4. Sliding groove; 5. Buoyancy upward sleeve; 6. Angle offset fixing sleeve; 7. Sawtooth guide path; 8. First guide surface; 9. Second guide surface; 10. Drain pipe; 11. Angle offset slide bar; 12. Rotating hole; 13. Water inlet; 14. Drain outlet; 15. Water outlet; 16. Water collection plate; 17. Water collection cylinder; 18. Drain sleeve; 19. Closing water trough; 20. Drain outlet; 21. Closing ball. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-7 This utility model provides a rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device. The device mainly includes a rainwater collection funnel 1, a buoyancy drive mechanism, a rotary diversion mechanism, and multiple water collection cylinders 17.

[0032] The rainwater collection funnel 1 is used to collect rainfall and gather it into the cavity below it. The lower part of this cavity forms a metering cavity with a fixed volume, the size of which determines the basic amount of rainwater required to trigger the rainwater collection action.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the buoyancy drive mechanism includes an upward-floating airbag 2, a buoyancy-moving sleeve 5, and a guide structure. The upward-floating airbag 2 is placed in the metering chamber at the bottom of the rainwater collection funnel 1. The buoyancy-moving sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upward-floating airbag 2. The guide structure includes a dust-blocking protrusion 3 fixed to the lower end of the rainwater collection funnel 1, and a sliding groove 4 formed on the dust-blocking protrusion 3. The buoyancy-moving sleeve 5 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 4, thereby restricting its movement to only vertical up and down.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown, the rotary diversion mechanism is the mechanism for automatically and sequentially switching the water collection cylinder 17. It includes an angle offset fixing sleeve 6, a drain pipe 10, and an angle offset sliding rod 11. The angle offset fixing sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rainwater collection funnel 1. Crucially, a serrated guide path 7 is machined circumferentially on the cylindrical surface of its inner wall (see...). Figure 7 The path is composed of multiple identical toothed units connected end to end. Each toothed unit contains an ascending guide (i.e., the second guide surface 9) and a descending switching part (i.e., the first guide surface 8). The first guide surface 8 has an approximate right-angled trapezoidal or triangular profile in its vertical cross-section, and it contains a key inclined guide surface.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the upper end of the drain pipe 10 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the buoyancy-adjusting sleeve 5 via a bearing or a smooth sleeve, allowing the buoyancy-adjusting sleeve 5 to rotate freely relative to the drain pipe 10. One end of the angle offset sliding rod 11 is firmly fixed to the wall of the drain pipe 10, while the other end extends radially as a guide head and always moves within the serrated guide path 7. A rotating hole 12 is opened at the center of the angle offset fixing sleeve 6, through which the drain pipe 10 passes, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe 15.

[0036] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the dust-blocking protrusion 3 has a water inlet 13 on its side wall, and the corresponding side wall of the buoyancy-lifting sleeve 5 has a water outlet 14. The bottom connection between the drain pipe 10 and the bottom of the buoyancy-lifting sleeve 5 is directly opposite the water outlet 14. When the buoyancy-lifting sleeve 5 is in its initial bottom position, the water outlet 14 is misaligned with the water inlet 13, and the water passage is closed. When it rises to the preset working height, the two water outlets align, and the water passage is opened.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the water collection plate 16 is fixed at the bottom of the device, and multiple (e.g., 12 or 24) water collection cylinders 17 are evenly distributed around it. The outlet of the water outlet pipe 15 at the lower end of the drain pipe 10 faces the top of the water collection cylinders 17. The number of teeth in the sawtooth guide path 7 and the central angle corresponding to each tooth unit are completely consistent with the number of water collection cylinders 17 and the angular spacing of their annular distribution.

[0038] Each water collection cylinder 17 has a self-sealing anti-evaporation structure inside, including an upper drain sleeve 18, a bottom plugging water tank 19, a plugging ball 21 placed in the tank, and a drain outlet 20 opened at the upper end of the plugging water tank 19. The drain outlet 20 is connected to the main storage space inside the water collection cylinder 17.

[0039] It should be noted that during the rainwater collection process, rainwater flows in through the drain sleeve 18. The impact force of the water flow and the pressure of the liquid level cause the plugging ball 21 to sink to the bottom of the plugging water tank 19. At this time, the drain outlet 20 remains open, allowing rainwater to pass smoothly and enter the storage area of ​​the water collection cylinder 17. When the collection for this water collection cylinder ends, i.e., the rain stops or the device switches to the next water collection cylinder 17, and the water flow stops, as the water level in the water collection cylinder 17 stabilizes, the plugging ball 21 automatically floats up under the buoyancy of the water. With its centered and aligned position, it tightly seals the outlet at the lower end of the drain sleeve 18, thereby physically cutting off the connection between the internal storage space of the water collection cylinder 17 and the external environment through the drainage channel.

[0040] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: The rainwater collection funnel 1 and its bottom metering chamber are empty. The floating airbag 2 contracts, and the buoyancy-moving sleeve 5, under its own weight, is located at the bottom of the sliding groove 4. The angle-shifting slide bar 11 is stationary at the bottom inlet of the second guide surface 9 of a certain tooth unit in the sawtooth guide path 7. The drain outlet 14 is misaligned with the inlet 13, and the water path is closed. The outlet pipe 15 is aligned with the "No. 1" water collection cylinder 17 on the water collection plate 16, and rainfall begins, with rainwater accumulating in the metering chamber. When the accumulated rainwater reaches a fixed trigger volume, the buoyancy acting on the floating airbag 2 is sufficient to overcome the static friction of the system, causing the buoyancy-moving sleeve 5 to begin moving vertically upward along the sliding groove 4. When the buoyancy-moving sleeve 5 moves to a preset height, the drain outlet 14 on its side wall aligns with the inlet 13 on the dust-blocking protrusion 3, and the water path is connected. At this point, the rainwater accumulated in the metering chamber begins to drain into the currently aligned "No. 1" water collection cylinder 17 through the inlet 13, outlet 14, drain pipe 10, and outlet pipe 15. Simultaneously, the upward movement causes the angular offset slide bar 11 to slide along the second guide surface 9 of the current toothed unit to the top region of that unit. During this upward movement and subsequent continuous drainage, the drain pipe 10 and outlet pipe 15 may only experience slight follow-up movements, but no circumferential positioning jumps that would cause a change in the collection target. The drain outlet remains aligned with the "No. 1" water collection cylinder. If rainfall continues and its intensity remains stable or increases, rainwater will continue to flow into the metering chamber and drain through the opened water passage. At this time, the buoyancy-driven upward sleeve 5 may maintain a dynamic equilibrium height (inflow approximately equals drainage) or continue to float slowly, but the water passage remains open, and rainwater continues to drain into the same "No. 1" water collection cylinder 17. As long as the rainfall does not stop or significantly decrease, the buoyancy-upward sleeve 5 will not initiate the descent process, and the collection target will not switch. When the rainfall stops or its intensity weakens to the point that the water inflow into the metering chamber is less than the water outflow, the water level drops, and the buoyancy decreases. The buoyancy-upward sleeve 5 begins to descend under its own weight and the system's reset force. The switching action of the water collection cylinder 17 only occurs during this descent phase. During the descent, the angular offset slide 11 located at the tooth tip is forcibly guided by the first guide surface 8. The special geometry (sloping surface) of the first guide surface 8 forces the descending angular offset slide 11 to produce a defined circumferential displacement, causing it to detach from the current tooth unit and fall into the initial position of the next adjacent tooth unit (i.e., the bottom of the next second guide surface 9). This action drives the drain pipe 10 and the outlet pipe 15 to rotate by a fixed division angle, thereby switching the outlet pipe 15 from above the "No. 1" water collection cylinder 17 to above the "No. 2" water collection cylinder 17. After the switching is completed, the buoyancy-upward sleeve 5 continues to move down to the initial position at the bottom, the water passage is closed, and after the water intake of the "No. 1" water collection tube 17 stops, the plug ball 21 inside it automatically floats up under the action of water buoyancy, tightly blocking the drain outlet 20, sealing all the rainwater samples collected during this rainfall period inside, and preventing evaporation.All moving parts of the device are reset, but the angular position of the rotating diversion mechanism has been permanently advanced by one tooth pitch, aligning with the new collection cylinder 17 for the next rainfall event. When new rainfall begins and accumulates to the trigger volume again, the buoyancy-upward sleeve 5 will move upward again and open the water passage. However, at this time, the outlet is already aligned with collection cylinder 17 "No. 2", so rainwater will flow into collection cylinder 17 "No. 2". This cycle repeats, realizing automatic and sequential sampling based on rainfall events or significant changes in rainfall intensity as nodes.

[0041] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 lies in the design of the guide surface of each tooth unit. The second guide surface 9 is constructed with two specific inclined surfaces and one vertical surface to guide the angle offset slide 11 during the upward movement phase. The first guide surface 8 is constructed with one inclined surface to guide the angle offset slide 11 during the downward movement phase. The initial position of the angle offset slide 11 is set at the bottom starting point of the tooth unit, and at this time, the outlet pipe 15 at the lower end of the drain pipe 10 is not directly aligned with any water collection cylinder 17, but is at the intermediate angle between two adjacent water collection cylinders 17. In this design, when the device starts to move upward and rotate from the initial "misaligned" state, the entire pipeline is in an "open" or "misaligned" state until the outlet of the outlet pipe 15 rotates into place and aligns with the inlet of the water collection cylinder 17. If there is a small amount of condensation or residual water droplets or a wet film from the previous rainfall in the pipe, it may drip or be flung out before proper alignment and collection due to slight vibrations from the rotation or the effect of gravity, falling into the ineffective area between the water collection tubes 17. When the outlet is properly aligned and begins to drain, the flowing water is fresh rainwater accumulated from the current triggering event, thus ensuring that each sample represents a clean and independent "event starting point" to the greatest extent possible.

[0042] In this embodiment, the working process of the rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device is as follows: In the initial state, the outlet of the water pipe 15 is located in the middle position, not directly facing any of the water collection cylinders 17, and the water passage is completely closed; when rainfall causes the rainwater in the metering chamber at the bottom of the rainwater collection funnel 1 to reach a fixed trigger volume, the buoyancy drive mechanism moves upward through the upward floating airbag 2 and the upward buoyancy sleeve 5, driving the corner offset slide rod 11 to slide along the inclined surface of the second guide surface 9 of the front tooth unit of the sawtooth guide path 7, forcing the drain pipe 10 to rotate, so that the outlet of the water pipe 15 is precisely aligned with the "No. 1" water collection cylinder 17 from the middle position and the water passage is opened at the same time to start collecting rainwater. During the continuous rainfall, this alignment is maintained for collection. When the rainfall stops or weakens, the buoyancy-up sleeve 5 descends, and the angle-offset slide bar 11 slides down the inclined surface of the first guide surface 8 of the same tooth unit, guiding the drain pipe 10 to continue rotating in the same direction, so that the outlet of the outlet pipe 15 is reset to the initial intermediate position not aligned with any water collection cylinder 17 and the water path is closed. Subsequently, the plug ball 21 in the water collection cylinder 17 floats up to automatically seal the sample. After the device is fully reset, the mechanical structure ensures that the angle-offset slide bar 11 enters the adjacent tooth unit when triggered again, thereby realizing automatic, independent and high-fidelity sample collection by sequentially switching to the next water collection cylinder 17 in subsequent rainfall events.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device, characterized in that, include: Rainwater collection funnel (1) is used to collect and gather rainfall; The buoyancy drive mechanism is triggered in response to the buoyancy generated by the rainwater accumulated in the rainwater collection funnel (1) and generates a linear displacement. The buoyancy drive mechanism includes an upward floating airbag (2) disposed in the rainwater collection funnel (1), a buoyancy upward moving sleeve (5), and a guide structure that limits the linear movement trajectory of the buoyancy upward moving sleeve (5). A rotating diversion mechanism is linked to the buoyancy drive mechanism and is configured to convert linear displacement into rotational displacement when the buoyancy drive mechanism is triggered, so as to switch the rainwater discharge path. The rotating diversion mechanism includes an angle offset fixing sleeve (6), a guide path part, a drain pipe (10), and an angle offset slide bar (11). The angle offset fixing sleeve (6) is fixed below the outlet of the rainwater collection funnel (1). The guide path part is formed on the cylindrical surface of the angle offset fixing sleeve (6) and is a serrated guide path (7) opened in the circumferential direction. The movement trajectory of the angle offset slide bar (11) is forcibly constrained by the contour of the serrated guide path (7). Each tooth unit of the serrated guide path (7) includes an upward guide part and a downward switching part. Multiple water collection cylinders (17) are arranged in a ring to receive rainwater discharged by the rotating diversion mechanism after switching, thereby realizing segmented collection of rainwater.

2. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding structure includes a dust-blocking protrusion (3) fixed to the lower end of the rainwater collection funnel (1) and a sliding groove (4) opened thereon, and the buoyancy upward sleeve (5) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (4).

3. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rising guide section forms a second guide surface (9), which guides the angular offset slide bar (11) to rise along the buoyancy drive mechanism and reach the upper region of the sawtooth guide path (7) when the buoyancy drive mechanism moves upward; the falling switching section forms a first guide surface (8), the first guide surface (8) has a right-angled triangle vertical section and is located in the lower region of the sawtooth guide path (7), which forces the angular offset slide bar (11) to produce a circumferential offset and fall into the initial position of the next adjacent rising guide section when the buoyancy drive mechanism moves downward, thereby driving the drain pipe (10) to rotate by one division angle.

4. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating hole (12) is provided at the center of the angle offset fixing sleeve (6). The drain pipe (10) passes through the rotating hole (12) and is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe (15). A water inlet (13) is provided on one side of the dust-blocking protrusion (3). The water inlet (13) is connected to the sliding groove (4). A drain outlet (14) is provided on the side of the buoyancy upward sleeve (5). The bottom of the buoyancy upward sleeve (5) is rotatably connected to the drain pipe (10). The drain outlet (14) is connected to the drain pipe (10). When the buoyancy upward sleeve (5) moves upward by rainwater buoyancy, the drain outlet (14) is connected to the water inlet (13).

5. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water collection plate (16) is provided below the rainwater collection funnel (1).

6. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of teeth in the sawtooth guide path (7) and the pitch angle between each tooth unit are the same as the number of water collection cylinders (17) and the angular spacing of their annular distribution.

7. The rapid minute-by-minute rainfall collection and sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water collection cylinder (17) has a drain sleeve (18) on its upper inner wall. A plugging water groove (19) is fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the water collection cylinder (17). The plugging water groove (19) is located below the drain sleeve (18). A drain outlet (20) is provided at the upper end of the plugging water groove (19). A freely floating plugging ball (21) is placed in the center of the plugging water groove (19) and is directly opposite the lower outlet of the drain sleeve (18).

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