Anti-shearing device testing machine for anchor rod / cable

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-shearing device testing machine for an anchor rod / cable, which comprises a transverse shearing device, an anchor rod / cable pre-tensioning device, a base support, a vertical support, a pressure sensor, a test anchor rod / cable, a protective pipe and a controller, and is characterized in that the transverse shearing device is mounted on the vertical support and applies transverse shearing force to the test anchor rod / cable and the protective pipe; the pre-tightening device is located in the middle of the vertical support and connected with the transverse shearing device to apply pre-tightening force to the anchor rod / cable. A test anchor rod / cable is fixed to the transverse shearing device and the base support through nuts respectively, the controller is located below the base support and used for equipment operation control, and the base support provides overall support. According to the utility model, the shear failure of the anchor rod / cable can be realized in a tension state, the tension-shear composite failure characteristics can be accurately simulated, the material, size and position of the cutting board of the transverse shearing device can be adjusted, the flexibility and accuracy are realized, and the operation safety is improved due to the arrangement of a protective cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of performance testing devices for anchor bolts / cables and support components, and specifically relates to a shear resistance testing machine for anchor bolts / cables. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of underground engineering, anchor bolts / cables have been widely used as support structures in geotechnical engineering projects such as mines and tunnels. Especially in complex underground environments, anchor bolts / cables not only need to withstand tensile forces but also often face the combined effects of shear forces and other forces, significantly impacting their stability and load-bearing capacity. Therefore, studying the shear resistance of anchor bolts / cables, particularly their performance under prestressed conditions, is of great significance for improving engineering support effectiveness and ensuring engineering safety. Existing anchor bolt / cable testing equipment mainly focuses on single pull-out or shear force tests, typically neglecting the combined application of both, thus failing to accurately simulate the comprehensive mechanical properties of anchor bolts / cables under actual working conditions. Especially in underground engineering projects such as mines or tunnels, anchor bolts / cables are usually subjected to both tensile and shear forces simultaneously, leading to combined failure. Furthermore, existing testing equipment uses diamond cutting tools to achieve the shearing effect of anchor bolts / cables. In actual engineering, anchor bolts / cables often need to function under different surrounding rock conditions, and the type and properties of the rock sample directly affect the mechanical properties of the anchor bolts / cables. Therefore, the ability to freely replace rock samples and simulate the shear resistance of anchor bolts / cables under different surrounding rock conditions has become an important requirement for experimental equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the above requirements, this invention provides a testing machine for shear resistance devices of anchor bolts / cables capable of simultaneously applying tensile and shear forces. This equipment not only simulates shear failure of anchor bolts / cables under tension but also has the function of adjusting prestress and shear force. Furthermore, it supports the replacement of different types of rock cutter plates, enabling more realistic testing of the mechanical properties of anchor bolts / cables under various surrounding rock conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A shear resistance testing machine for anchor bolts / cables includes a transverse shearing device, an anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device, a base support, a test anchor bolt / cable, and a protective tube. The transverse shearing device is fixedly mounted on the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device and is used to apply transverse shear force to the test anchor bolt / cable and the protective tube. The fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is fixedly mounted on the base support and is used to apply axial pretension force to the test anchor bolt / cable.

[0006] The transverse shearing device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a test blade, a movable blade support, a fixed blade support, a protective cover, and a hydraulic cylinder fixing plate. The movable blade support and the fixed blade support are fixed to both sides of the test anchor rod / cable and the protective tube in an upper and lower structure. The test blade is clamped and fixed in the movable blade support and the fixed blade support respectively. The protective cover is sleeved on the outside of the movable blade support and the fixed blade support and is fixed to the support push plate. The upper end of the anchor rod / cable is fixed to the upper part of the protective cover, and the lower end passes through the transverse shearing device and the anchor rod / cable pretensioning device in sequence and is fixed on the base support. The test protective tube is sleeved on the anchor rod / cable and fixed to the transverse shearing device.

[0007] The cylinder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the protective cover, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the movable blade plate bracket away from the test anchor / cable and the protective tube through the cylinder mounting plate;

[0008] The test blade includes a blade body and a pad; the blade body and the pad are clamped and fixed together in a movable blade bracket and a fixed blade bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, the testing machine also includes a vertical support, which includes a base plate, a support push plate, and a telescopic guide rod. The telescopic guide rod includes a fixed part and a telescopic part that are axially slidably connected. The lower end of the fixed part is provided with a threaded hole, and the base plate is provided with positioning holes at the four corners. Bolts pass through the base support, the positioning holes, and the threaded holes in sequence from bottom to top, and are threadedly connected. The telescopic guide rod is fixed to the upper end of the base support. The support push plate is provided with limiting holes at the four corners. The telescopic part is fixedly embedded in the limiting holes at the corresponding positions and fixes the support push plate to the middle of the telescopic guide rod. A transverse shearing device is fixed to the upper end of the support push plate. Anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is set in the enclosed space of the four telescopic guide rods, the base plate, and the support push plate. The fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is fixedly set at the top center of the base plate, and the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device supports the bottom center of the support push plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket and the fixed blade plate bracket are provided with threaded holes, and the first adjusting bolt extends into the threaded holes at the corresponding positions on the upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket and the fixed blade plate bracket and abuts against the top of the test blade plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed blade plate bracket is provided with a position adjustment plate with a threaded hole at one end away from the test anchor / cable and the protective pipe. The second adjusting bolt extends into the threaded hole at the corresponding position on the position adjustment plate and abuts against the blade plate body.

[0012] Furthermore, the testing machine also includes a controller; the controller is wirelessly connected to the transverse shearing device and the anchor / cable pretensioning device, and the controller is fixed at the lower end of the base support.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device includes an anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder and a pressure sensor; the fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder is vertically fixed to the pressure sensor; the controller is wirelessly connected to the pressure sensor.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This utility model can realize the shear failure of anchor bolts / cables under tension, and can accurately simulate the tensile-shear combined failure characteristics of anchor bolts / cables in the downhole environment.

[0016] 2. The blade position, material, and size of the transverse shearing device in this utility model are all adjustable, making it suitable for testing anchor bolts / cables and protective pipes of different specifications, and it has a high degree of flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0017] When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and with reference to the following detailed description, the present invention will be more fully and better understood, and its many accompanying advantages will readily become apparent. However, the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a testing machine for an anchor bolt / cable shear resistance device.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the vertical support and base support structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transverse shearing device;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the transverse shearing device;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transverse shearing device;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device;

[0024] Among them, 1. Transverse shearing device; 101. Movable blade support; 102. Fixed blade support; 102a. Position adjustment plate; 103. Hydraulic cylinder; 104. Hydraulic cylinder fixing plate; 105. Test blade; 105a. Blade body; 105b. Pad; 106. Protective cover; 2. Anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device; 201. Tensioning cylinder; 202. Pressure sensor; 3. Base support; 4. Test anchor bolt / cable; 5. Protective tube; 6. Controller; 7. Vertical support; 701. Telescopic guide rod; 702. Base plate; 703. Support push plate; 703a. Limiting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a shear resistance testing machine for anchor bolts / cables includes a transverse shearing device 1, an anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2, a base support 3, a test anchor bolt / cable 4, and a protective tube 5. The transverse shearing device 1 is fixedly installed at the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 and is used to apply transverse shear force to the test anchor bolt / cable 4 and the protective tube 5. The fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 is fixedly installed on the base support 3 and is used to apply axial pretension force to the test anchor bolt / cable 4. The base support 3 provides support and fixation for the entire device.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the transverse shearing device 1 includes a hydraulic cylinder 103, a test blade 105, a movable blade support 101, a fixed blade support 102, a protective cover 106, and a hydraulic cylinder fixing plate 104. The movable blade support 101 and the fixed blade support 102 are fixed to both sides of the test anchor / cable 4 and the protective pipe 5 in an upper and lower structure. The test blade 105 is clamped and fixed in the movable blade support 101 and the fixed blade support 102 respectively. The protective cover 106 is sleeved on the outside of the movable blade support 101 and the fixed blade support 102 to prevent... The protective cover 106 is fixed to the support push plate 703 with bolts and nuts to prevent the test anchor rod / cable 4 from shearing and breaking off under pre-tension and causing injury to the test personnel, effectively protecting the test personnel and enhancing the safety of equipment use; the upper end of the test anchor rod / cable 4 is fixed to the upper part of the protective cover 106 with nuts, and the lower end passes through the transverse shearing device 1 and the anchor rod / cable pre-tensioning device 2 in sequence, and is then fixed to the base bracket 3 with nuts; the protective tube 5 is fitted onto the test anchor rod / cable 4 and fixed to the transverse shearing device 1;

[0028] The cylinder fixing plate 104 is fixedly connected to the outside of the protective cover 106, and the cylinder 103 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable blade bracket 101 away from the test anchor / cable 4 and the protective tube 5 through the cylinder fixing plate 104.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the test blade 105 includes a blade body 105a and a pad 105b. The blade body 105a and the pad 105b are clamped and fixed in the movable blade bracket 101 and the fixed blade bracket 102. During the test, the blade body 105a of different materials and sizes can be freely replaced by disassembling and adjusting the pad 105b, and even the setting height of the blade body 105a can be adjusted, which has a high degree of flexibility.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables is provided. The transverse shearing device 1 and the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 simultaneously apply force to the test anchor bolt / cable 4 and the protective pipe 5 to realize the shear failure of the test anchor bolt / cable 4 under tension, simulating the combined tensile-shear failure characteristics of roadway anchor bolts / cables.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, a shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables also includes a vertical support 7, which includes a base plate 702, a support push plate 703, and four telescopic guide rods 701. Each telescopic guide rod 701 includes a fixed part and a telescopic part that are axially slidably connected. The lower end of the fixed part has a threaded hole, and the base plate 702 has positioning holes at its four corners. Bolts pass through the base support 3 from bottom to top, and are threadedly connected to the positioning holes and threaded holes. The telescopic guide rods 701 are fixed to the upper end of the base support 3. The support push plate 703 has limiting holes 703a at its four corners, and the telescopic parts are fixedly embedded... Insert the corresponding limiting hole 703a and fix the support push plate 703 to the middle of the telescopic guide rod 701; fix the transverse shearing device 1 to the upper end of the support push plate 703, and the support push plate 703 provides support force for the transverse shearing device 1; the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 is set in the enclosed space of the four telescopic guide rods 701, the base plate 702, and the support push plate 703, the fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 is fixedly set at the top center of the base plate 702, and the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 supports the bottom center of the support push plate 703.

[0032] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket 101 and the fixed blade plate bracket 102 are provided with threaded holes. The first adjusting bolt extends into the threaded holes at the corresponding positions on the upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket 101 and the fixed blade plate bracket 102 and abuts against the top of the test blade plate 105. During the test, the bolt can be used to press the test blade plate 105 through the threaded holes, thereby fixing the blade plate body 105a in the blade plate bracket.

[0033] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the fixed blade holder 102 has a position adjustment plate 102a with a threaded hole at one end away from the test anchor rod / cable 4 and the protective tube 5. The second adjusting bolt extends into the threaded hole at the corresponding position on the position adjustment plate 102a and abuts against the blade body 105a. During the test, by controlling the screw-in length of the second adjusting bolt, the distance between the blade body 105a and the test anchor rod / cable 4 and the protective tube 5 can be freely adjusted, which facilitates the testing of test anchor rods / cables 4 and protective tubes 5 of different sizes and ensures that shear failure occurs at the contact position between the blade body 105a and the test anchor rod / cable 4 and the protective tube 5.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables also includes a controller 6; the controller 6 is wirelessly connected to the transverse shearing device 1 and the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2, and the controller 6 is fixed to the lower end of the base support 3.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device 2 includes an anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder 201 and a pressure sensor 202; the fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder 201 is vertically fixed to the pressure sensor 202; the controller 6 is wirelessly connected to the pressure sensor 202; during the test, the controller 6 can adjust the magnitude of the axial pretensioning force applied to the test anchor bolt / cable 4 by the anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder 201 according to the output signal of the pressure sensor 202, so as to achieve precise control of the axial pretensioning force of the test anchor bolt / cable 4 and improve the reliability and repeatability of the test.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A testing machine for shear resistance devices used in anchor bolts / cables, characterized in that, The testing machine includes a transverse shearing device, an anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device, a base support, a test anchor bolt / cable, and a protective tube. The transverse shearing device is fixedly installed at the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device and is used to apply transverse shearing force to the test anchor bolt / cable and the protective tube. The fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is fixedly installed on the base support and is used to apply axial pretensioning force to the test anchor bolt / cable. The transverse shearing device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a test blade, a movable blade support, a fixed blade support, a protective cover, and a hydraulic cylinder fixing plate. The movable blade support and the fixed blade support are fixed to both sides of the test anchor rod / cable and the protective tube in an upper and lower structure. The test blade is clamped and fixed in the movable blade support and the fixed blade support respectively. The protective cover is sleeved on the outside of the movable blade support and the fixed blade support and is fixed to the support push plate. The upper end of the anchor rod / cable is fixed to the upper part of the protective cover, and the lower end passes through the transverse shearing device and the anchor rod / cable pretensioning device in sequence and is fixed on the base support. The test protective tube is sleeved on the anchor rod / cable and fixed to the transverse shearing device. The cylinder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the protective cover, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the movable blade plate bracket away from the test anchor / cable and the protective tube through the cylinder mounting plate; The test blade includes a blade body and a pad; the blade body and the pad are clamped and fixed together in a movable blade bracket and a fixed blade bracket.

2. The shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing machine also includes a vertical support, which comprises a base plate, a support push plate, and a telescopic guide rod. The telescopic guide rod includes a fixed part and a telescopic part that are axially slidably connected. The lower end of the fixed part is provided with a threaded hole, and the base plate is provided with positioning holes at the four corners. Bolts pass through the base support, the positioning holes, and the threaded holes in sequence from bottom to top, and are threadedly connected to the telescopic guide rod. The telescopic guide rod is fixed to the upper end of the base support. The support push plate is provided with limiting holes at the four corners. The telescopic part is fixedly embedded in the limiting holes at the corresponding positions and fixes the support push plate to the middle of the telescopic guide rod. A transverse shearing device is fixed to the upper end of the support push plate. Anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is set in the space enclosed by the four telescopic guide rods, the base plate, and the support push plate. The fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device is fixedly set at the top center of the base plate, and the free end of the anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device supports the bottom center of the support push plate.

3. The shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket and the fixed blade plate bracket are provided with threaded holes. The first adjusting bolt extends into the threaded holes at the corresponding positions on the upper ends of the movable blade plate bracket and the fixed blade plate bracket and abuts against the top of the test blade plate.

4. The shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed blade plate bracket is provided with a position adjustment plate with a threaded hole at one end away from the test anchor / cable and the protective pipe. The second adjusting bolt extends into the threaded hole at the corresponding position on the position adjustment plate and abuts against the blade plate body.

5. The shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing machine also includes a controller; the controller is wirelessly connected to the transverse shearing device and the anchor / cable pretensioning device, and the controller is fixed at the lower end of the base support.

6. The shear testing machine for anchor bolts / cables according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anchor bolt / cable pretensioning device includes an anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder and a pressure sensor; the fixed end of the anchor bolt / cable tensioning cylinder is vertically fixed to the pressure sensor; the controller is wirelessly connected to the pressure sensor.

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