Multi-split data acquisition networking architecture

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-split data acquisition networking architecture, which comprises a data acquisition rod and N inverters, and is characterized in that each inverter comprises a communication mainboard, a power supply port and an RS-485 port; in each inverter, the power supply output end of the communication mainboard is connected with the power supply port, and the communication end of the communication mainboard is connected with the RS-485 port to form an RS-485 communication branch line; the power supply input end of the data acquisition rod is connected with the power supply port of the nth inverter to obtain a power supply; the communication end of the data acquisition rod is connected with the RS-485 port of the nth inverter, and the RS-485 ports of all the inverters are connected in series to form an RS-485 communication bus; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, 1 < = n < = N, and n is a positive integer. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, fast data processing, small packet loss probability, simple and reliable connection mode, low cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a one-to-many data acquisition networking architecture. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy and the expansion of photovoltaic power plant construction, energy management is essential, requiring multi-machine monitoring of inverters. Currently, there are three common multi-machine monitoring solutions:

[0003] The first type is multi-machine monitoring based on inverter bus topology;

[0004] The second type is centralized distributed multi-machine monitoring using multiple data acquisition devices;

[0005] The third type is distributed multi-machine monitoring using a network of multi-machine data collectors.

[0006] The first option has high hardware costs, complex resource allocation, and the inverters rely on the main inverter, resulting in low autonomy and slow response speed.

[0007] The second option is only suitable for indoor environments and not for outdoor use. In addition, it has insufficient utilization in small-scale scenarios (only about 25% of the interface is used), resulting in a waste of hardware resources.

[0008] The third approach involves data relay, which increases the probability of data packet loss and latency. Each inverter needs to be equipped with a slave data acquisition unit, and the entire system also needs a master data acquisition unit. This results in a large number of data acquisition devices and higher hardware costs for the data acquisition units.

[0009] Here, "collector" is short for "data collector". Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a one-to-many data acquisition network architecture to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] This utility model provides a one-to-many data acquisition network architecture, including a data acquisition stick and N inverters. Each inverter includes a communication motherboard, a power supply port, and an RS-485 port. In each inverter, the power output terminal of the communication motherboard is connected to the power supply port, and the communication terminal of the communication motherboard is connected to the RS-485 port to form an RS-485 communication branch. The power input terminal of the data acquisition stick is connected to the power supply port of the nth inverter to obtain power. The communication terminal of the data acquisition stick is connected to the RS-485 port of the nth inverter, and the RS-485 ports of all the inverters are connected in series to form an RS-485 communication bus. Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, 1≤n≤N, and n is a positive integer.

[0012] Furthermore, the communication motherboard includes a power supply module and an RS-485 communication module. The output terminal of the power supply module is the power output terminal of the communication motherboard, and the communication terminal of the RS-485 communication module is the communication terminal of the communication motherboard.

[0013] Furthermore, in each of the inverters, the RS-485 port includes an RS-485 first transceiver port and an RS-485 second transceiver port, the RS-485 first transceiver port being connected to the RS-485 second transceiver port, and the RS-485 second transceiver port being connected to the communication end of the RS-485 communication module.

[0014] Furthermore, the RS-485 ports of all the inverters are connected in series, specifically meaning that the first RS-485 transceiver port of each inverter is connected to its own second RS-485 transceiver port, and the second RS-485 transceiver port of the m-th inverter is connected to the first RS-485 transceiver port of the (m+1)-th inverter, where 1≤m≤N-1, and m is a positive integer.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply port is any one of a USB port, an RJ45 port, or an RS232 port.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a cloud server and a network node, wherein the cloud server is wirelessly connected to the network node, and the network node is wired or wirelessly connected to the data acquisition stick.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a user terminal, and the data acquisition stick is connected to the user terminal via wired or wireless means.

[0018] Furthermore, the network node is a router or a base station.

[0019] Furthermore, the user terminal includes any one or more of the following: mobile phone, computer, tablet, and touch screen.

[0020] Furthermore, the data acquisition rod is equipped with waterproof connectors at both ends.

[0021] This utility model's one-to-many data acquisition networking architecture solves at least the following technical problems / has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] It features a simple structure, no master-slave distinction between inverters, fast data processing, low packet loss probability, and low operation and maintenance costs.

[0023] In small to medium-scale scenarios, power supply is simple and resource adaptability is high.

[0024] The data acquisition stick is plug-and-play, simplifying system design and enabling rapid system deployment.

[0025] The waterproof design of the data acquisition stick improves the system's waterproof rating and reliability, making it suitable for both indoor and outdoor scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a data acquisition rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an assembly drawing of a data acquisition rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition rod and the inverter-side waterproof terminal before assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition rod and the inverter-side waterproof terminal assembled according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Main component symbols:

[0033] 21. Data acquisition rod; 210. First waterproof connector; 211. Waterproof connector cover; 212. Waterproof rubber plug; 213. Waterproof connector body; 2131. First external thread; 2132. Second external thread; 2133. Rubber washer; 2134. Limiting ring; 214. Communication port; 215. Housing; 2153. T-shaped limiting platform; 2154. First waterproof rubber ring; 216. Circuit communication board; 217. Lock head; 2171. Limiting spring; 218. 2. Waterproof connector; 219. Power input terminal; 22. Communication motherboard; 221. Power supply module; 222. RS-485 communication module; 226. Power output terminal; 227. Communication terminal; 31. USB port; 32. RS-485 port; 321. RS-485 first transceiver port; 322. RS-485 second transceiver port; 40. Cloud server; 50. Network node; 60. Waterproof terminal; 601. Fourth external thread; 70. Working status indicator light.

[0034] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Example

[0038] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a multi-input data acquisition network architecture, including a data acquisition stick 21 and N inverters (first inverter, second inverter, ..., Nth inverter). Each inverter includes a communication motherboard 22, a USB port 31, and an RS-485 port 32. Within each inverter, the power output terminal 226 of the communication motherboard 22 is connected to the USB port 31; the communication terminal 227 of the communication motherboard 22 is connected to the RS-485 port 32 to form an RS-485 communication branch; the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 is connected to the USB port 31 of the first inverter to obtain power; the communication port 214 of the data acquisition stick 21 is connected to the RS-485 port 32 of the first inverter, and the RS-485 ports 32 of all inverters are connected in series to form an RS-485 communication bus. Here, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0039] Understandably, in another embodiment, the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 is connected to the USB port 31 of the nth inverter (1≤n≤N, n is a positive integer) to obtain power; the communication port 214 of the data acquisition stick 21 is connected to the RS-485 port 32 of the nth inverter, and the RS-485 ports 32 of all inverters are connected in series to form an RS-485 communication bus.

[0040] Understandably, connecting all inverters' RS-485 ports 32 in series means that the RS-485 port 32 of the m-th inverter is connected to the RS-485 port 32 of the (m+1)-th inverter, where 1≤m≤N-1 and m is a positive integer.

[0041] Understandably, the data acquisition stick 21 communicates with each inverter via an RS-485 communication bus; the communication motherboard 22 of each inverter provides power to the data acquisition stick 21 and is responsible for RS-485 data communication with external devices. The external devices may refer to the data acquisition stick 21, other inverters, etc.

[0042] In one embodiment, in each inverter, the communication motherboard 22 includes a power supply module 221 and an RS-485 communication module 222. The output terminal of the power supply module 221 is the power output terminal 226 of the communication motherboard 22. The output terminal of the power supply module 221 is connected to a USB port 31. The USB port 31 is used to connect to the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21. In other words, the power supply module 221 can provide power to the data acquisition stick 21 through the USB port 31. Understandably, in one embodiment, the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 can be inserted into the USB port 31 to obtain power, or the connection between the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 and the USB port 31 is a plug-in connection.

[0043] In one embodiment, each inverter has an RS-485 port 32, including an RS-485 first transceiver port 321 and an RS-485 second transceiver port 322. The RS-485 first transceiver port 321 of each inverter is connected to its respective RS-485 second transceiver port 322, and the RS-485 second transceiver port 322 of each inverter is connected to the communication terminal of its respective RS-485 communication module 222. Understandably, the communication terminal of the RS-485 communication module 222 is the communication terminal 227 of its corresponding communication motherboard 22. The connection of the communication port 214 of the data acquisition stick 21 to the RS-485 port 32 of the nth inverter specifically refers to the connection of the communication port 214 of the data acquisition stick 21 to the RS-485 first transceiver port 321 of the nth inverter. At this time, the RS-485 ports 32 of all inverters are connected in series. Specifically, the RS-485 first transceiver port 321 of each inverter is connected to its own RS-485 second transceiver port 322, and the RS-485 second transceiver port 322 of the m-th inverter is connected to the RS-485 first transceiver port 321 of the (m+1)-th inverter, where 1≤m≤N-1, and m is a positive integer.

[0044] In one embodiment, the aforementioned USB port 31 can be replaced with an RJ45 port, RS232 port, etc., which are collectively referred to as power supply ports. Accordingly, in each inverter, the power output terminal 226 of the communication motherboard 22 is connected to the power supply port, that is, the power output terminal 226 of the communication motherboard 22 of each inverter is connected to the power supply port of each inverter itself; understandably, the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 is matched with the power supply port.

[0045] In the foregoing embodiments, the connection between one or more of them is simply referred to as a "connection," which means an electrical connection or a communication connection. Among them, apart from the connection between the power output terminal 226 of the communication motherboard 22 and the USB port 31, and the connection between the power input terminal of the data acquisition rod 21 and the USB port 31 of the nth inverter, which are electrical connections, the other connections are communication connections.

[0046] Working principle:

[0047] Each inverter has a unique address, which is stored in the MCU (main control chip) of the communication motherboard 22. The data acquisition stick 21, acting as the host, sequentially accesses each inverter via the RS-485 communication bus and RS-485 communication branch line using a polling method, sending query commands to the target address inverter. The target address inverter responds and transmits data to the data acquisition stick 21 via its own RS-485 communication branch line and RS-485 communication bus. Other inverters besides the target address inverter are in a listening state but do not respond. The data acquisition stick 21 summarizes the received inverter data and stores it within itself.

[0048] In one embodiment, the multi-data acquisition network architecture further includes a user terminal (not shown in the figure), and the data acquisition stick 21 can communicate with the user terminal via wired or wireless means. When the data acquisition stick 21 is not connected to the user terminal, the inverter data acquired by the data acquisition stick 21 is cached locally, where local refers to the internal flash memory of the data acquisition stick 21; when the data acquisition stick 21 is connected to the user terminal, the data acquisition stick transmits the historical data stored locally to the user terminal.

[0049] Understandably, the user terminal includes any one or more of the following: mobile phone, computer, tablet, touch screen, etc.; the wireless communication connection between the data acquisition stick 21 and the user terminal can be Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, LoRa, etc.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the multi-data acquisition network architecture also includes a cloud server 40 and network nodes 50, where the network node 50 can be a router or a base station. The cloud server 40 and the network node 50 are wirelessly connected. The network node 50 and the data acquisition stick 21 are connected via wired or wireless means.

[0051] When a multi-data acquisition network architecture includes 40 cloud servers and 50 network nodes, the working principle is as follows:

[0052] Data Reporting: Data acquisition stick 21, acting as the host, sequentially accesses each inverter via RS-485 communication bus and RS-485 communication branch line using a polling method, sending query commands to the target address inverter. The target address inverter responds and transmits data to data acquisition stick 21 via its own RS-485 communication branch line and RS-485 communication bus. Other inverters besides the target address inverter are in listening mode but do not respond. Data acquisition stick 21 aggregates the received inverter data and uploads it to cloud server 40 via network node 50.

[0053] Receiving instructions: The cloud server 40 sends instructions to the data acquisition stick 21 through the network node 50. The data acquisition stick 21 receives and parses the instructions from the cloud server 40, and sends the instructions to the target address inverter through the RS-485 communication bus and RS-485 communication branch line, so as to realize the multi-machine monitoring and management of the system by the cloud server 40.

[0054] The target address inverter can be one or multiple units.

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3-6 As shown, the data acquisition stick 21 has waterproof connectors at both ends. Specifically, the end of the data acquisition stick 21 near the communication port 214 has a first waterproof connector 210, and the end of the data acquisition stick 21 near the power input terminal 219 has a second waterproof connector 218.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3-6As shown, the data acquisition rod 21 includes a first waterproof connector 210, a communication port 214, a housing 215, a circuit communication board 216, a second waterproof connector 218, and a power input terminal 219. The first waterproof connector 210 includes a waterproof connector cover 211, a waterproof rubber plug 212, and a waterproof connector body 213. The circuit communication board 216 is placed inside the housing 215, and the communication port 214 is fixed to the housing 215 and connected to the circuit communication board 216. The end of the housing 215 near the power input terminal 219 is a T-shaped limiting platform 2153, which is hollow to allow the power input terminal 219 to pass through. The power input terminal 219 is connected to the power input port of the circuit communication board 216 and extends beyond one end of the T-shaped limiting platform 2153. The second waterproof connector 218 is provided on the T-shaped limiting platform 2153.

[0057] In one embodiment, the waterproof connector body 213 has a first external thread 2131 at one end near the housing 215 and a second external thread 2132 at the other end away from the housing 215. The waterproof connector body 213 is also provided with a rubber gasket 2133 and a limiting ring 2134. The limiting ring 2134 can be designed integrally with the waterproof connector body 213 or separately. The limiting ring 2134 is located between the first external thread 2131 and the second external thread 2132. The rubber gasket 2133 is sleeved on the first external thread 2131. The end of housing 215 away from power input terminal 219 (i.e., the end near communication port 214) has a first internal thread (not shown in the figure) that matches the first external thread 2131. The waterproof connector body 213 can be tightened and fixed to housing 210 through the cooperation of the first external thread 2131, the first internal thread and the rubber washer 2133. The waterproof rubber plug 212 is inserted into the end of waterproof connector body 213 away from housing 215. One end of waterproof connector cover 211 has a second internal thread (not shown in the figure) that matches the second external thread 2132. Waterproof connector cover 211 and waterproof connector body 213 can be tightened and fixed through the second internal thread and the second external thread 2132. Understandably, waterproof connector cover 211 is provided with a hole for one end terminal of RS-485 communication bus to pass through.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3-6 As shown, the second waterproof connector 218 includes a lock head 217, which is a hollow design. A limiting spring piece 2171 is provided on the inner wall of the lock head 217 near the housing 215. In one embodiment, there are at least two limiting spring pieces 2171 arranged symmetrically. When the lock head 217 is pressed towards the T-shaped limiting platform 2153, the lock head 217 is movably locked into the T-shaped limiting platform 2153 (e.g., by the cooperation of the T-shaped limiting platform 2153 and the limiting spring piece 2171). Figure 4 (As shown).

[0059] Each inverter (inverter n) has a waterproof terminal 60 around its power supply port. In one embodiment, the waterproof terminal 60 is partially embedded in the inverter's body. The end of the waterproof terminal 60 near the locking head 217 has a fourth external thread 601, and the end of the locking head 217 away from the housing 215 has a fourth internal thread (not shown in the figure) that matches the fourth external thread 601. When the power input terminal 219 (e.g., a USB terminal) of the data acquisition rod 21 is inserted into the power supply port (e.g., USB port 31) of an inverter, rotating the locking head 217 moves the data acquisition rod 21 towards the waterproof terminal 60 of that inverter, thus securing the data acquisition rod 21 to the waterproof terminal 60 on the inverter side, achieving a dustproof and waterproof effect. It can be understood that the locking head 217 can be tightened by the cooperation of the fourth internal thread within the locking head 217 and the fourth external thread 601 of the waterproof terminal 60.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second waterproof connector 218 further includes a first waterproof rubber ring 2154. One end face of the first waterproof rubber ring 2154 is fixed to the end face of the T-shaped limiting platform 2153. The fixing method can be adhesive bonding or other methods. The first waterproof rubber ring 2154 has a hole in the middle for the power input terminal 219 (e.g., USB terminal) to pass through. The locking head 217 is movably sleeved on the outside of the first waterproof rubber ring 2154 and the T-shaped limiting platform 2153. The power input terminal 219 (e.g., USB terminal) of the data acquisition rod 21 is inserted into the power supply port (e.g., USB port) of an inverter. The locking head 217 is rotated to move it toward the waterproof terminal 60 of the inverter and fit tightly. This makes the end face of the first waterproof rubber ring 2154 in the locking head 217 away from the T-shaped limiting platform 2153 fit tightly with the end face of the waterproof terminal 60 near the locking head 217, thereby achieving a tight seal between the data acquisition rod 21 and the waterproof terminal 60 on the inverter side, thus achieving a dustproof and waterproof effect.

[0061] Before use, an RS-485 communication bus needs to be connected between the data acquisition rod 21 and the inverter n. One end of the terminal (not shown in the figure) passes through the waterproof connector cover 211, the waterproof rubber plug 212, and the waterproof connector body 213 of the data acquisition rod 21 in sequence and is then inserted into the communication port 214. Then, the waterproof connector body 213 is mated and tightened with the housing 215. The waterproof rubber plug 212 is inserted into the waterproof connector body 213. The waterproof connector cover 211 is mated and tightened with the waterproof connector body 213. By adopting the above dustproof and waterproof structure, the dustproof and waterproof level between the data acquisition rod 21 and one end of the RS-485 communication bus terminal can be improved.

[0062] After the power input terminal 219 of the data acquisition stick 21 is installed (e.g., inserted) into the power supply port of the nth inverter, the locking head 217 can be tightened to prevent the power input terminal 219 from being exposed to the air, thus protecting the data acquisition stick 21 and improving the dustproof and waterproof rating between the data acquisition stick 21 and the inverter power supply port.

[0063] In one embodiment, the data acquisition stick 21 is provided with a working status indicator light 70. Different colors of the working status indicator light 70 correspond to different working states of the data acquisition stick 21. For example, green working status indicator light 70 indicates that the data acquisition stick 21 is working normally, red working status indicator light 70 indicates that the data acquisition stick 21 is malfunctioning, and so on.

[0064] Understandably, the circuit communication board 216 in the data acquisition stick 21 and the communication main board 22 in the inverter can adopt existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Understandably, in other embodiments, the data acquisition rod 21 is not limited to the structure described above.

[0066] This utility model presents a multi-inverter data acquisition network architecture. The data acquisition stick 21 can connect to any inverter, with no master-slave distinction between inverters. Each inverter communicates with the data acquisition stick 21. The overall structure is simple, with fast data processing, low packet loss probability, and low maintenance cost. The power supply and communication of the data acquisition stick 21 use separate ports, which simplifies power supply and improves resource adaptability in small and medium-scale scenarios. The data acquisition stick 21 is plug-and-play, allowing direct plugging and unplugging for maintenance while the system is running, simplifying system design and enabling rapid system deployment. In addition, the dustproof and waterproof design of the data acquisition stick improves the protection level, making it suitable not only for indoor scenarios but also for outdoor use, thus broadening the application scenarios.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A one-to-many data acquisition network architecture, comprising a data acquisition stick and N inverters, characterized in that, Each inverter includes a communication motherboard, a power supply port, and an RS-485 port. In each inverter, the power output terminal of the communication motherboard is connected to the power supply port, and the communication terminal of the communication motherboard is connected to the RS-485 port to form an RS-485 communication branch. The power input terminal of the data acquisition rod is connected to the power supply port of the nth inverter to obtain power. The communication terminal of the data acquisition rod is connected to the RS-485 port of the nth inverter, and the RS-485 ports of all the inverters are connected in series to form an RS-485 communication bus. Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, 1≤n≤N, and n is a positive integer.

2. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication motherboard includes a power supply module and an RS-485 communication module. The output terminal of the power supply module is the power output terminal of the communication motherboard, and the communication terminal of the RS-485 communication module is the communication terminal of the communication motherboard.

3. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that, In each of the inverters, the RS-485 port includes an RS-485 first transceiver port and an RS-485 second transceiver port. The RS-485 first transceiver port is connected to the RS-485 second transceiver port, and the RS-485 second transceiver port is connected to the communication terminal of the RS-485 communication module.

4. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The RS-485 ports of all the inverters are connected in series, specifically, the first RS-485 transceiver port of each inverter is connected to its own second RS-485 transceiver port, and the second RS-485 transceiver port of the m-th inverter is connected to the first RS-485 transceiver port of the (m+1)-th inverter, where 1≤m≤N-1, and m is a positive integer.

5. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply port is any one of a USB port, an RJ45 port, or an RS232 port.

6. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a cloud server and a network node, wherein the cloud server is wirelessly connected to the network node, and the network node is wired or wirelessly connected to the data acquisition stick.

7. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a user terminal, and the data acquisition stick is connected to the user terminal via wired or wireless means.

8. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The network node is a router or a base station.

9. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The user terminal includes any one or more of the following: mobile phone, computer, tablet, and touch screen.

10. The one-to-many data acquisition network architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The data acquisition rod has waterproof connectors at both ends.

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