Surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body and a surveying and mapping instrument, an undercarriage is fixedly connected to the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a buffer mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the undercarriage, a fixing seat is fixedly connected to the interior of the undercarriage, and the surveying and mapping instrument is connected with the fixing seat through a quick release mechanism; the quick release mechanism comprises a sliding plate, the side wall of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the interior of the fixed seat, the surveying instrument is arranged at the center of the bottom of the sliding plate, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed seat, a clamping block is slidably connected to the interior of the sleeve, and a second spring is arranged in the sleeve. The sliding plate slides into the fixing base to extrude the clamping block, the clamping block moves upwards while compressing the spring, when the groove in the sliding plate moves to the bottom of the clamping block, the spring loses pressure and pushes the clamping block to reset, and therefore the clamping block is clamped into the sliding plate, installation of the surveying instrument is completed, and through cooperation of the structures, the effect of rapid installation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to a surveying UAV. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for geographic information in infrastructure construction, geological exploration, urban planning, agricultural and forestry surveys, surveying and mapping technology is constantly developing and innovating. Traditional ground-based surveying methods, limited by terrain conditions, measurement efficiency, and operational safety, are gradually failing to meet the demands for efficient and accurate measurements. To adapt to complex and changing surveying environments and improve operational efficiency and data acquisition accuracy, the surveying industry has introduced unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, combining aerial photogrammetry with unmanned autonomous flight technology to form a new surveying approach. Equipped with high-definition cameras, LiDAR, multispectral sensors, and other equipment, surveying UAVs can quickly acquire three-dimensional information about the Earth's surface, providing high-quality data support for various surveying tasks.

[0003] Existing surveying drones typically employ multi-rotor or fixed-wing structures, autonomously flying along pre-set routes and using onboard aerial survey cameras, lidar, or other sensors to systematically collect data on target areas. These drones are characterized by stable flight, convenient operation, and high image resolution, enabling them to complete tasks such as large-area terrain mapping, digital surface model creation, and 3D modeling in a short time. However, in current technologies, surveying instruments are usually mounted on the drone with screws. Disassembling and replacing surveying equipment often requires specialized tools, making the operation cumbersome and inefficient, hindering rapid response and equipment maintenance at the work site. Therefore, a surveying drone is proposed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a surveying drone, which aims to improve the problem that in the prior art, the drone is usually installed on the drone with screws, and the disassembly and replacement of surveying equipment often requires special tools, which is cumbersome and has low disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A mapping drone includes a drone body and a mapping instrument. The drone body is fixedly connected to the bottom of a landing gear. A buffer mechanism is provided at the bottom of the landing gear. A fixed base is fixedly connected inside the landing gear. The mapping instrument is connected to the fixed base through a quick-release mechanism.

[0007] The quick-release mechanism includes a slide plate, the side wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of a fixed base. The measuring instrument is located at the center of the bottom of the slide plate. A sleeve is fixedly connected inside the fixed base. A locking block is slidably connected inside the sleeve. A second spring is provided inside the sleeve. The side wall of the locking block is slidably connected to the inside of the slide plate. A positioning groove one is provided inside the slide plate. A positioning groove two is provided inside the fixed base. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed base. A positioning bolt is slidably connected inside the rotating plate. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning bolt. A third spring is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning bolt.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the sleeve, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the locking block. One end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating plate, and the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting plate.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The sidewall of the positioning bolt is slidably connected to the inside of the first positioning groove, the sidewall of the positioning bolt is slidably connected to the second positioning groove, a chamfer is provided at the top edge of the slide plate, and multiple anti-slip strips are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the slide plate.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The buffer mechanism includes a connecting plate, a wear-resistant plate, and a damper. The landing gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landing gear. The wear-resistant plate is disposed at the bottom of the connecting plate, and the damper is disposed between the connecting plate and the wear-resistant plate.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The connecting plate and the wear-resistant plate are both fixedly connected to a hinge frame on opposite sides, and a rotating plate is rotatably connected inside the hinge frame.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] A slider is rotatably connected between the symmetrical rotating plates, and a sliding rod is slidably connected inside the slider. A first spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The first spring is fixedly connected between the sliders.

[0020] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In this utility model, the surveyor is disassembled by sliding the sliding plate out of the fixed base. During subsequent installation, the sliding plate is slid into the fixed base to squeeze the locking block, which compresses the spring and moves upward. When the groove inside the sliding plate moves to the bottom of the locking block, the spring loses pressure and pushes the locking block to reset, thereby locking it into the sliding plate and completing the installation of the surveyor. Through the cooperation between the above structures, no additional tools are required, and the disassembly and assembly of the surveyor can be completed by sliding alone.

[0022] 2. In this utility model, when the impact force of the drone's descent is too large, after the wear-resistant plate lands, the connecting plate continues to move downward, causing the rotating plate to deflect within the hinge frame and push the slider to slide along both sides of the slide rod towards the middle, compressing the spring to produce deformation, and transmitting the impact force to the damper for relief until it is weakened. Through the cooperation between the above structures, a buffering effect is achieved, reducing the damage of the impact force to the surveying instrument. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a surveying drone proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism of a surveying drone proposed in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a quick-release mechanism for a surveying drone proposed in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. UAV body; 2. Landing gear; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Wear-resistant plate; 5. Damper; 6. Articulated frame; 7. Rotating plate; 8. Slider; 9. Sliding rod; 10. First spring; 11. Fixed base; 12. Sleeve; 13. Second spring; 14. Locking block; 15. Surveying instrument; 16. Slide plate; 17. Anti-slip strip; 18. Positioning groove one; 19. Rotating plate; 20. Positioning bolt; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Third spring; 23. Positioning groove two. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This utility model provides an embodiment of a surveying drone, comprising a drone body 1 and a surveying instrument 15. A landing gear 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body 1. A buffer mechanism is provided at the bottom of the landing gear 2 to reduce the impact force generated by the drone body 1 during landing. A mounting base 11 is fixedly connected inside the landing gear 2. The surveying instrument 15 is connected to the mounting base 11 via a quick-release mechanism, facilitating the installation and removal of the surveying instrument 15. The quick-release mechanism includes a sliding plate 16, the side wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting base 11. The surveying instrument 15 is located at the center of the bottom of the sliding plate 16. A sleeve 12 is fixedly connected inside the 11, and a locking block 14 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 12. A second spring 13 is installed inside the sleeve 12. The side wall of the locking block 14 is slidably connected inside the slide plate 16. A chamfer is provided at the top edge of the slide plate 16. The chamfer allows for smoother compression of the locking block 14 when the slide plate 16 is inserted. One end of the second spring 13 is fixedly connected inside the sleeve 12, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the locking block 14. When the slide plate 16 is inserted, it will push the locking block 14 upward, causing it to move into the sleeve 12, and simultaneously compress the second spring 13. When the groove inside the slide plate 16 moves... When the block 14 is moved to the bottom, the second spring 13 loses pressure and pushes the block 14 to reset, thereby locking the block 14 inside the slide plate 16 and fixing it. The slide plate 16 has a positioning groove 18 inside, and the fixing seat 11 has a positioning groove 23. The side wall of the fixing seat 11 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 19, and a positioning bolt 20 is slidably connected inside the rotating plate 19. The rotating plate 19 can drive the positioning bolt 20 to rotate, thereby changing its position. The side wall of the positioning bolt 20 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 21, and a third spring 22 is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning bolt 20. One end of the third spring 22 is fixed. The third spring 22 is connected to the side wall of the rotating plate 19, and the other end of the spring 22 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting plate 21, providing the force for the positioning bolt 20 to reset. The side wall of the positioning bolt 20 is slidably connected inside the positioning groove 18, which further fixes the slide plate 16 and ensures the stability of the mapping instrument 15 during flight. The side wall of the positioning bolt 20 is slidably connected to the positioning groove 23. When the positioning bolt 20 is inserted into the positioning groove 23, the slide plate 16 will lose its locking restriction and can be pulled out from the fixed seat 11. Multiple anti-slip strips 17 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the slide plate 16 to facilitate the operator to slide the slide plate 16.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-3 The buffer mechanism includes a connecting plate 3, a wear-resistant plate 4, and a damper 5. The landing gear 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landing gear 2. The wear-resistant plate 4 is located at the bottom of the connecting plate 3. The damper 5 is located between the connecting plate 3 and the wear-resistant plate 4. When the connecting plate 3 moves downward, it will transfer the impact force to the inside of the damper 5. The connecting plate 3 and the wear-resistant plate 4 are fixedly connected to each other on opposite sides. The hinge frame 6 is rotatably connected inside the hinge frame 6. The upper and lower symmetrical hinge plates 7 are rotatably connected to the slider 8. The slider 8 is slidably connected to the slide rod 9. The slide rod 9 is sleeved with a first spring 10. The first spring 10 is fixedly connected between the sliders 8. When the connecting plate 3 moves downward, it will cause the hinge plate 7 to deflect inside the hinge frame 6 and push the slider 8 to slide towards the middle on both sides of the slide rod 9, and squeeze the first spring 10 to deform it, thus accumulating power for the subsequent equipment reset.

[0033] Working principle: When the surveying UAV completes its inspection work, if the impact force of the downward descent is too large, the wear-resistant plate 4 will cause the connecting plate 3 to continue moving downward after contacting the ground. This causes the rotating plate 7 to deflect inside the hinge frame 6 and push the slider 8 to slide towards the middle on both sides of the slide rod 9. This compresses the first spring 10, causing it to deform. This transfers the downward impact force to the damper 5, which alleviates the impact force until it is weakened. After the impact force dissipates, the first spring 10 loses the compressive force and pushes the slider 8 to reset, thus restoring the equipment to its initial state.

[0034] After the equipment stops, the third spring 22 is stretched by pulling the limiting plate 21, causing the positioning bolt 20 to disengage from the positioning groove 18. Then, the rotating plate 19 is rotated to align the positioning bolt 20 with the positioning groove 23. The limiting plate 21 is then released, at which point the third spring 22 loses its tension and begins to reset, inserting the positioning bolt 20 into the positioning groove 23, exposing the space at the front of the slide plate 16. The slide plate 16 is then slid out of the fixed base 11, completing the disassembly of the surveying instrument 15. During the sliding process, the slide plate 16 presses against the locking block 14, causing it to slide upward inside the sleeve 12 and compress the second spring 13. Once the locking block 14 is completely removed from the inside of the slide plate 16, the slide plate 16 loses its restraint, and disassembly is complete. During subsequent installation, slide the slide plate 16 into the interior of the fixed base 11, and gradually press the locking block 14 by using the chamfer to move it into the interior of the sleeve 12. This also presses the second spring 13, causing it to deform. As the sliding continues, when the groove inside the slide plate 16 moves to the bottom of the locking block 14, the second spring 13 loses pressure and pushes the locking block 14 to reset, thus locking the locking block 14 inside the slide plate 16, thereby completing the initial installation of the surveying instrument 15. Then, pull the limiting plate 21 again to pull the positioning bolt 20 out from the interior of the second positioning groove 23 and align it with the first positioning groove 18. Then, release the limiting plate 21, and the third spring 22 resets again, inserting the positioning bolt 20 into the interior of the first positioning groove 18 to ensure the stability of the slide plate 16.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A surveying unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising a UAV body (1) and a surveying instrument (15), characterized in that: The drone body (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landing gear (2), the bottom of the landing gear (2) is provided with a buffer mechanism, the landing gear (2) is fixedly connected to the inside of the landing gear (2) and the surveying instrument (15) is connected to the fixed seat (11) through a quick release mechanism. The quick-release mechanism includes a slide plate (16), the side wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of a fixed base (11), the measuring instrument (15) is set at the center of the bottom of the slide plate (16), a sleeve (12) is fixedly connected inside the fixed base (11), a locking block (14) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (12), a second spring (13) is provided inside the sleeve (12), the side wall of the locking block (14) is slidably connected to the inside of the slide plate (16), a positioning groove (18) is provided inside the slide plate (16), a positioning groove (23) is provided inside the fixed base (11), a rotating plate (19) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed base (11), a positioning bolt (20) is slidably connected inside the rotating plate (19), a limit plate (21) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning bolt (20), and a third spring (22) is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning bolt (20).

2. A mapping drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second spring (13) is fixedly connected to the inside of the sleeve (12), and the other end of the second spring (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the locking block (14). One end of the third spring (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating plate (19), and the other end of the third spring (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting plate (21).

3. A mapping drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall of the positioning bolt (20) is slidably connected to the inside of the first positioning groove (18), and the sidewall of the positioning bolt (20) is slidably connected to the second positioning groove (23). The top edge of the slide plate (16) is provided with a chamfer, and multiple anti-slip strips (17) are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the slide plate (16).

4. A mapping drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism includes a connecting plate (3), a wear-resistant plate (4) and a damper (5). The landing gear (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landing gear (2). The wear-resistant plate (4) is located at the bottom of the connecting plate (3). The damper (5) is located between the connecting plate (3) and the wear-resistant plate (4).

5. A mapping drone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting plate (3) and the wear-resistant plate (4) are both fixedly connected to a hinge frame (6) on opposite sides, and a rotating plate (7) is rotatably connected inside the hinge frame (6).

6. A mapping drone according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slider (8) is rotatably connected between the upper and lower symmetrical rotating plates (7). A sliding rod (9) is slidably connected inside the slider (8), and a first spring (10) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (9).

7. A mapping drone according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first spring (10) is fixedly connected between the sliders (8).

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