Agricultural environment online monitoring device and remote intelligent control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to an agricultural environment online monitoring device and a remote intelligent control system, which comprise a main control module, a meteorological environment monitoring module, a soil environment monitoring module, a water quality monitoring module, a gas environment monitoring module, a wireless communication module, an alarm module and a remote control terminal, the main control module is electrically connected with the meteorological environment monitoring module, the soil environment monitoring module, the water quality monitoring module and the gas environment monitoring module, the data input end of the wireless communication module is in communication connection with the data output end of the main control module, and the data output end of the wireless communication module is in communication connection with the data input end of an external control terminal. The problems that monitoring and control are separated, response lags behind and the manual dependence degree is high in a traditional agricultural environment are solved, and real-time monitoring and remote regulation and control of environmental parameters are achieved through multi-sensor fusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural breeding technology, and in particular to an online monitoring device for the agricultural environment and a remote intelligent control system. Background Technology

[0002] In actual agricultural production, traditional methods of monitoring the aquaculture environment generally suffer from low management efficiency. Existing technologies mostly use handheld testing devices for fixed-point sampling tests 2-3 times a day. This discrete monitoring method has significant drawbacks. Periodic testing is prone to missing key change nodes, leading to delayed regulation. Secondly, traditional methods rely on manual on-site operation, which not only requires dedicated testing personnel, but also requires sampling and sending some precise parameters (such as dissolved oxygen and pH value) to the laboratory for testing, resulting in high labor costs. Moreover, when an environmental anomaly is detected, farmers often need to rush to the site to adjust the equipment, which can easily delay response in extreme weather or at night, making it inconvenient to use. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online monitoring device and remote intelligent control system for agricultural environment in order to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Through multi-sensor fusion, it enables real-time monitoring and remote control of environmental parameters.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an online agricultural environment monitoring device, comprising a main control module, a meteorological environment monitoring module, a soil environment monitoring module, a water quality monitoring module, a gas environment monitoring module, a wireless communication module, and an alarm module;

[0005] The main control module is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module, the soil environment monitoring module, the water quality monitoring module, and the gas environment monitoring module, respectively. The data input terminal of the wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the data output terminal of the main control module. The data output terminal of the wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the data input terminal of an external control terminal. The alarm module is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0006] The main control module is used to collect and analyze monitoring data from the meteorological environment monitoring module, soil environment monitoring module, water quality monitoring module, and gas environment monitoring module.

[0007] The meteorological environment monitoring module is used to monitor the air temperature, air humidity, and meteorological data of the farm to be monitored.

[0008] The soil environment monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture content, root zone temperature, pH, and nutrient content in the farm to be monitored.

[0009] The water quality monitoring module is used to monitor the pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, and eutrophication of irrigation water.

[0010] The gas environment monitoring module is used to monitor the concentrations of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane in the farm to be monitored.

[0011] The alarm module is used to send alarm signals to alert farmers to abnormal monitoring data.

[0012] A further improvement to the above solution is that the main control module includes a controller, a power supply module, and a cloud server. The controller is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module, the soil environment monitoring module, the water quality monitoring module, the gas environment monitoring module, and the alarm module, respectively. The data input terminal of the wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the data output terminal of the controller. The power supply module is electrically connected to the controller, and the cloud server is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0013] A further improvement to the above solution is that the cloud server includes a storage unit, a data processing unit, and a data transmission unit;

[0014] The storage unit is used to store monitoring data;

[0015] The data processing unit is used to analyze and predict sensor data and set early warning ranges.

[0016] The data transmission unit is used to transmit instructions to the controller.

[0017] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the meteorological environment monitoring module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light sensor, a wind speed sensor, a rainfall sensor, and an atmospheric pressure sensor, all of which are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0018] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the soil environment monitoring module includes a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil pH sensor, a soil conductivity sensor, and a soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor, all of which are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0019] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the water quality monitoring module includes a multi-parameter water quality analyzer, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a nitrate sensor, a water level sensor, and a flow meter, all of which are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0020] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the gas environment monitoring module includes a carbon dioxide sensor, an ammonia sensor, and a methane sensor, all of which are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0021] A further improvement to the above solution is that the alarm module includes a warning light and a buzzer alarm, and the warning light and the buzzer alarm are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0022] On the other hand, this utility model provides a remote intelligent control system for an agricultural environment online monitoring device, including an agricultural environment online monitoring device as described in any one of the above, and a remote control terminal, wherein the remote control terminal is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module.

[0023] A further improvement to the above solution is that it also includes aquaculture equipment, which is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides an online monitoring device and remote intelligent control system for agricultural environment. It is equipped with different types of sensor modules, which can accurately monitor various parameters of agricultural breeding. At the same time, in conjunction with the main control module, based on the wireless communication module, the real-time data of environmental parameters is uploaded to the main control module. Based on preset thresholds, it supports automatic triggering of equipment control, which significantly reduces the need for manual intervention. Meanwhile, the alarm module can issue an alarm when parameters exceed the limit, avoiding economic losses caused by response delays. It also integrates a remote control terminal, through which users can view the trend of environmental parameters in real time and control the breeding equipment with one click, making it convenient for users. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an online agricultural environment monitoring device provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a remote intelligent control system for an online agricultural environment monitoring device.

[0027] Figure labeling: Main control module 1, controller 11, power supply module 12, cloud server 13, storage unit 131, data processing unit 132, data transmission unit 133, meteorological environment monitoring module 2, temperature and humidity sensor 21, light sensor 22, wind speed sensor 23, rainfall sensor 24, atmospheric pressure sensor 25, soil environment monitoring module 3, soil moisture sensor 31, soil temperature sensor 32, soil pH sensor 33, soil conductivity sensor 34, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 35, water quality monitoring module 4, multi-parameter water quality monitor 41, ammonia nitrogen sensor 42, nitrate sensor 43, water level sensor 44, flow meter 45, gas environment monitoring module 5, carbon dioxide sensor 51, ammonia sensor 52, methane sensor 53, wireless communication module 6, alarm module 7, warning light 71, buzzer alarm 72, remote control terminal 8, aquaculture equipment 9. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as... Figure 1-2 As shown, this utility model provides an online monitoring device for agricultural environment, including a main control module 1, a meteorological environment monitoring module 2, a soil environment monitoring module 3, a water quality monitoring module 4, a gas environment monitoring module 5, a wireless communication module 6, and an alarm module 7.

[0029] The main control module 1 is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module 2, the soil environment monitoring module 3, the water quality monitoring module 4, and the gas environment monitoring module 5 respectively. The data input terminal of the wireless communication module 6 is connected to the data output terminal of the main control module 1. The data output terminal of the wireless communication module 6 is connected to the data input terminal of the external control terminal. The alarm module 7 is electrically connected to the main control module 1.

[0030] Among them, the main control module 1 is used to collect and analyze the monitoring data of the meteorological environment monitoring module 2, soil environment monitoring module 3, water quality monitoring module 4, and gas environment monitoring module 5;

[0031] Among them, the meteorological environment monitoring module 2 is used to monitor the air temperature, air humidity and meteorological data of the farm to be monitored;

[0032] Among them, the soil environment monitoring module 3 is used to monitor the soil moisture content, root zone temperature, pH, and nutrient content in the farm to be monitored;

[0033] Among them, water quality monitoring module 4 is used to monitor the pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity and eutrophication of irrigation water;

[0034] Among them, the gas environment monitoring module 5 is used to monitor the concentrations of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane in the farm to be monitored;

[0035] The alarm module 7 is used to issue alarm signals to remind farmers to monitor abnormal data. It is equipped with various sensor modules to accurately monitor various parameters of agricultural breeding. In conjunction with the main control module 1, it uses the wireless communication module 6 to upload real-time environmental parameter data to the main control module 1. Based on preset thresholds, it supports automatic triggering of equipment control, significantly reducing the need for manual intervention. The alarm module 7 can also issue an alarm when parameters exceed limits to avoid economic losses due to response delays. It also integrates a remote control terminal 8, which allows users to view environmental parameter trends in real time and control the breeding equipment 9 with one click, making it convenient for users.

[0036] In some embodiments of this utility model, the wireless communication module 6 integrates a 4G / 5G module (such as SIM7600) and a WIFI module to achieve remote data communication, with low transmission latency and no distance limitation, making it effectively applicable to large-area farms.

[0037] The main control module 1 of this utility model includes a controller 11, a power supply module 12, and a cloud server 13. The controller 11 is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module 2, the soil environment monitoring module 3, the water quality monitoring module 4, the gas environment monitoring module 5, and the alarm module 7. The data input terminal of the wireless communication module 6 is communicatively connected to the data output terminal of the controller 11. The power supply module 12 is electrically connected to the controller 11. The cloud server 13 is communicatively connected to the controller 11. The power supply module 12 is directly used to power the main controller 11. The controller 11 collects sensor data in real time and issues control commands. The cloud server 13 can be built on Alibaba Cloud or AWS to realize data storage, analysis and visualization, and support threshold setting, historical data query and intelligent decision-making (such as automatic start and stop of equipment).

[0038] In some embodiments of this utility model, the controller 11 may be an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller 11 as the core processing unit. The STM32F103C8T6 is a 32-bit high-performance microcontroller 11 based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core, featuring abundant peripheral resources and low power consumption. It is suitable for complex environment monitoring and real-time control scenarios. Its 72MHz clock frequency, single-cycle multiplication instructions, and hardware divider improve computational efficiency by more than 10 times compared to traditional 8-bit microcontrollers. It also has 64KB Flash program memory and 20KB RAM. SRAM supports large data caching and complex algorithm operation, integrates 3 USARTs, 2 SPIs, 2 I2Cs, 1 USB, and a 12-bit ADC (16 channels), and can directly connect to different sensors and wireless communication modules 6. It supports a wide voltage input of 2.0-3.6V and has a built-in low-power mode (Sleep / Stop / Standby) to adapt to battery-powered scenarios. In this embodiment, through the high performance and multi-peripheral characteristics of STM32F103C8T6, high-precision acquisition of sensor data, stable operation of complex communication protocols, and multi-device collaborative control are achieved, significantly improving the system's response speed and reliability. Combined with FreeRTOS's real-time task management, it can be expanded to a hundred-node-level agricultural IoT deployment to meet the needs of large-scale intelligent farming. It should be noted that in other embodiments, other types of controller structures 11 can also be used. No specific limitation is made here, but these solutions are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0039] The cloud server 13 of this utility model includes a storage unit 131, a data processing unit 132, and a data transmission unit 133;

[0040] Storage unit 131 is used to store monitoring data;

[0041] The data processing unit 132 is used to analyze and predict sensor data and set warning ranges;

[0042] The data transmission unit 133 is used to transmit instructions to the controller 11.

[0043] In some embodiments of this invention, storage unit 131 employs a distributed time-series database (TimescaleDB), specifically optimized for high-frequency sensor data. It supports efficient writing and compressed storage of time-series data. Recent data is stored in a high-speed SSD storage cluster (AWS Elastic Block Store), while historical data is archived to object storage (Amazon S3). RAID 10 is used for multi-replica backup to ensure high data availability. An inverted index is built based on data tags (such as device ID and sensor type) to accelerate multi-dimensional queries. Data processing unit 132 includes a stream processing engine using Apache Kafka Streams to perform real-time cleaning and aggregation of sensor data (e.g., calculating the 5-minute sliding window mean). Based on the historical data standard deviation and moving average method (formula: Threshold=μ±3σ), it automatically adjusts the warning range and deploys TensorFlow. The Serving model trains an LSTM neural network to predict environmental trends. It is deployed via Kubernetes containerization, supporting online incremental learning and rolling model version updates. If real-time data exceeds a dynamic threshold or the prediction result is abnormal, a JSON-formatted alarm command is generated. The data transmission unit 133 adopts the MQTT protocol, supporting low-latency, high-concurrency bidirectional communication. Commands are encapsulated into lightweight binary messages to reduce transmission overhead. At the same time, MQTT QoS=1 (at least once) is set to ensure that critical commands are not lost. Unacknowledged commands are cached through the RabbitMQ message queue, triggering an exponential backoff retry strategy to achieve efficient storage, real-time response, and reliable communication.

[0044] The meteorological environment monitoring module 2 of this utility model includes a temperature and humidity sensor 21, a light sensor 22, a wind speed sensor 23, a rainfall sensor 24, and an atmospheric pressure sensor 25. The temperature and humidity sensor 21, the light sensor 22, the wind speed sensor 23, the rainfall sensor 24, and the atmospheric pressure sensor 25 are all electrically connected to the main control module 1.

[0045] The soil environment monitoring module 3 of this utility model includes a soil moisture sensor 31, a soil temperature sensor 32, a soil pH sensor 33, a soil conductivity sensor 34, and a soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 35. The soil moisture sensor 31, soil temperature sensor 32, soil pH sensor 33, soil conductivity sensor 34, and soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 35 are all electrically connected to the main control module 1.

[0046] The water quality monitoring module 4 of this utility model includes a multi-parameter water quality monitor 41, an ammonia nitrogen sensor 42, a nitrate sensor 43, a water level sensor 44, and a flow meter 45. The multi-parameter water quality monitor 41, the ammonia nitrogen sensor 42, the nitrate sensor 43, the water level sensor 44, and the flow meter 45 are all electrically connected to the main control module 1.

[0047] The gas environment monitoring module 5 of this utility model includes a carbon dioxide sensor 51, an ammonia sensor 52, and a methane sensor 53. The carbon dioxide sensor 51, ammonia sensor 52, and methane sensor 53 are all electrically connected to the main control module 1.

[0048] The alarm module 7 of this utility model includes a warning light 71 and a buzzer alarm 72. The warning light 71 and the buzzer alarm 72 are electrically connected to the main control module 1. When the monitored parameter exceeds the threshold, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and the buzzer alarm 72 emits an audible warning.

[0049] On the other hand, this utility model provides a remote intelligent control system for an agricultural environment online monitoring device, including any of the above-mentioned agricultural environment online monitoring devices and a remote control terminal 8. The remote control terminal 8 is communicatively connected to a wireless communication module 6. In this embodiment, the remote control terminal 8 is a mobile APP or a web page. Users can view real-time data and historical trends through the mobile APP or web page, manually or automatically trigger device control, and send control commands through the wireless communication module 6.

[0050] This utility model also includes aquaculture equipment 9, which is connected to wireless communication module 6. Users can set control strategies (such as "automatically turn on the aerator when dissolved oxygen < 5 mg / L") through mobile APP or web page. After the cloud server 13 parses the strategy, it sends it to the main control module 1. The main control module 1 is connected to aquaculture equipment 9 through wireless communication module 6, thereby realizing closed-loop control.

[0051] Working principle:

[0052] Taking aquaculture as an example, dissolved oxygen sensors and pH sensors are installed in the aquaculture pond, and the main control components are fixed in a waterproof box close to the pond body;

[0053] The main control component acquires sensor data at a frequency of 1Hz. After ADC conversion, noise is eliminated using a median filtering algorithm. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] Filtered_Value=Median(S1, S2,…,Sn)

[0055] Where Sn represents the continuously sampled value;

[0056] When dissolved oxygen falls below a preset value (e.g., below 5 mg / L), the main control component triggers the alarm module 7 to issue an alarm. At the same time, it sends instructions to the remote aquaculture equipment 9 (e.g., an aerator) via the wireless communication module 6. Users can set control strategies through the remote control terminal 8. The main control component parses the strategy and sends control instructions to the aquaculture equipment 9 to achieve real-time task management. It can be expanded to multi-node-level agricultural IoT deployment to meet the needs of large-scale agricultural aquaculture.

[0057] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present utility model patent application are included in the scope of the present utility model patent application.

Claims

1. An online monitoring device for agricultural environment, characterized in that: It includes a main control module (1), a meteorological environment monitoring module (2), a soil environment monitoring module (3), a water quality monitoring module (4), a gas environment monitoring module (5), a wireless communication module (6), and an alarm module (7). The main control module (1) is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module (2), the soil environment monitoring module (3), the water quality monitoring module (4), and the gas environment monitoring module (5), respectively. The data input terminal of the wireless communication module (6) is communicatively connected to the data output terminal of the main control module (1). The data output terminal of the wireless communication module (6) is communicatively connected to the data input terminal of the external control terminal. The alarm module (7) is electrically connected to the main control module (1). The main control module (1) is used to collect and analyze the monitoring data of the meteorological environment monitoring module (2), the soil environment monitoring module (3), the water quality monitoring module (4), and the gas environment monitoring module (5); The meteorological environment monitoring module (2) is used to monitor the air temperature, air humidity and meteorological data of the farm to be monitored; The soil environment monitoring module (3) is used to monitor the soil moisture content, root zone temperature, pH, and nutrient content in the farm to be monitored. The water quality monitoring module (4) is used to monitor the pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, and eutrophication of irrigation water. The gas environment monitoring module (5) is used to monitor the concentrations of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane in the farm to be monitored. The alarm module (7) is used to send an alarm signal to remind the farmer of abnormal monitoring data.

2. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module (1) includes a controller (11), a power supply module (12), and a cloud server (13). The controller (11) is electrically connected to the meteorological environment monitoring module (2), the soil environment monitoring module (3), the water quality monitoring module (4), the gas environment monitoring module (5), and the alarm module (7). The data input terminal of the wireless communication module (6) is communicatively connected to the data output terminal of the controller (11). The power supply module (12) is electrically connected to the controller (11), and the cloud server (13) is communicatively connected to the controller (11).

3. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cloud server (13) includes a storage unit (131), a data processing unit (132), and a data transmission unit (133). The storage unit (131) is used to store monitoring data; The data processing unit (132) is used to analyze and predict sensor data and set early warning range; The data transmission unit (133) is used to transmit instructions to the controller (11).

4. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological environment monitoring module (2) includes a temperature and humidity sensor (21), a light sensor (22), a wind speed sensor (23), a rainfall sensor (24), and an atmospheric pressure sensor (25). The temperature and humidity sensor (21), the light sensor (22), the wind speed sensor (23), the rainfall sensor (24), and the atmospheric pressure sensor (25) are all electrically connected to the main control module (1).

5. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil environment monitoring module (3) includes a soil moisture sensor (31), a soil temperature sensor (32), a soil pH sensor (33), a soil conductivity sensor (34), and a soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor (35). The soil moisture sensor (31), soil temperature sensor (32), soil pH sensor (33), soil conductivity sensor (34), and soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor (35) are all electrically connected to the main control module (1).

6. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality monitoring module (4) includes a multi-parameter water quality monitor (41), an ammonia nitrogen sensor (42), a nitrate sensor (43), a water level sensor (44), and a flow meter (45). The multi-parameter water quality monitor (41), the ammonia nitrogen sensor (42), the nitrate sensor (43), the water level sensor (44), and the flow meter (45) are all electrically connected to the main control module (1).

7. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas environment monitoring module (5) includes a carbon dioxide sensor (51), an ammonia sensor (52), and a methane sensor (53), all of which are electrically connected to the main control module (1).

8. The agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module (7) includes a warning light (71) and a buzzer alarm (72), which are electrically connected to the main control module (1).

9. A remote intelligent control system for an agricultural environmental online monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes an agricultural environment online monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-8, and a remote control terminal (8), wherein the remote control terminal (8) is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module (6).

10. The remote intelligent control system for an agricultural environmental online monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes aquaculture equipment (9), which is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module (6).

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