Scale railway vehicle collision test device

Abstract

The utility model provides a scale rail vehicle collision test device, comprising a collided test vehicle marshalling which is formed by connecting a plurality of scale test vehicles and is used for simulating collided rail vehicles; the active collision vehicle marshalling is formed by connecting a scaling drive vehicle and a scaling test vehicle and is used for simulating active collision rail vehicles; the straight track is a reduced-scale track for bearing the collided test vehicle marshalling and the active collision vehicle marshalling; and the multi-source data acquisition system comprises a speed sensor for measuring the collided test vehicle marshalling, an acceleration sensor for measuring the active collision vehicle marshalling, and a high-speed camera for shooting a collision scene. The device is high in repeatability and low in requirement for a data acquisition device, greatly reduces the danger of the test, improves the test efficiency, saves the collision test space of the rail vehicle, and can guide the improvement research of the collision resistance of the full-size rail vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of passive safety testing technology for locomotives and rolling stock, and in particular to a scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, research on the passive safety performance of rail vehicles is an important topic in the rail transit field. Traditional collision test methods mainly rely on two technical routes: one is full-scale real vehicle collision tests, such as patent CN106441956B - a rail train collision test system and rail train collision test bench. This method requires the construction of a hundred-meter-level test track and consumes a large number of prototype vehicles. The cost of a single test exceeds tens of millions of yuan, and it has disadvantages such as poor test repeatability and difficulty in parameter adjustment. The other method is numerical simulation based on finite element simulation. Although it can reduce test costs, it has deviations in simulating key mechanical behaviors such as material nonlinear response, dynamic contact and structural buckling failure.

[0003] It is evident that the two existing methods have problems such as high cost and poor repeatability of collision tests, as well as insufficient accuracy of simulation. Therefore, it is necessary to find a low-cost, high-precision and repeatable collision research method. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device to solve the problems of high cost, poor repeatability, and inaccurate finite element simulation in existing full-size real vehicle collision tests.

[0005] This utility model provides a scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device, comprising:

[0006] The collision test vehicle formation consists of several scaled-down test vehicles connected together, used to simulate a collision with a rail vehicle;

[0007] The active collision vehicle formation consists of a scaled-down drive vehicle and a scaled-down test vehicle connected together, and is used to simulate active collisions with rail vehicles.

[0008] A straight track, which is a scaled-down track that carries the crash test vehicle group and the active collision vehicle group;

[0009] The multi-source data acquisition system includes a speed sensor for measuring the speed of the test vehicle group, an acceleration sensor for measuring the acceleration of the active collision vehicle group, and a high-speed camera for capturing the collision scene.

[0010] In a further improvement, the collision test vehicle group consists of two scaled-down test vehicles connected by the small coupler, with two trailer bogies installed at the bottom of each scaled-down test vehicle.

[0011] In a further improvement, the active collision vehicle formation includes a scaled-down drive vehicle supported by two power bogies and a scaled-down test vehicle, which are connected by a small coupler.

[0012] In a further improvement, the crush tube is installed at the front end of the scaled-down drive vehicle, and the front end of the crush tube is adapted to the collision end of the scaled-down test vehicle; the power bogie is connected to the electrical control box to control the working mode of the drive motor of the power bogie.

[0013] A further improvement to the multi-source data acquisition system includes:

[0014] The speed sensor, located beside the straight track, is aligned with the collision end of the test vehicle train.

[0015] The high-speed camera, which is positioned on the same side as the speed sensor, has a field of view that covers the entire collision area.

[0016] The first acceleration sensor is located at the tail end of the crush tube; the second and third speed sensors are symmetrically arranged on the vehicle body above the power bogie.

[0017] In a further improvement, the electronic control box integrates a programmable control board, which controls the scaled-down drive vehicle to reach and maintain the target collision speed through a preset control algorithm.

[0018] Specifically, the speed sensor records the instantaneous speed of the scaled-down drive vehicle at the moment of collision; the high-speed camera records the compression deformation of the crushing tube throughout the entire collision process; the three acceleration sensors form a distributed measurement array, wherein: the first acceleration sensor collects the axial impact acceleration of the crushing tube; the second and third acceleration sensors synchronously collect the three-dimensional vibration acceleration of the scaled-down drive vehicle body.

[0019] The work process includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Set the test vehicle group and the active collision vehicle group to be located at the starting point of the straight track test, respectively, to ensure that the crush tube axis is parallel to the track centerline;

[0021] Step 2: The electronic control box sets the target collision speed, controls the scaled-down drive vehicle to accelerate to the target speed and maintain stable operation;

[0022] Step 3: When the crushing tube collides with the test vehicle, it undergoes crushing deformation, and the multi-source data acquisition system simultaneously records the test data;

[0023] Step four involves collecting and organizing all the data to obtain the scaled-down railway vehicle collision dynamics response. Based on similarity theory, the collision dynamics response of the full-size railway vehicle is derived, which in turn guides the research on measures to improve the crashworthiness of the full-size railway vehicle.

[0024] Specifically, in step three, the speed sensor records the collision speed of the vehicle at the instant of the collision; the high-speed camera captures the dynamic compression process and displacement trajectory of the crushing tube; and the acceleration sensor simultaneously collects the axial impact acceleration of the crushing tube and the triaxial acceleration of the vehicle body vibration.

[0025] Further improvements include changing the type of vehicle formation and repeating scaled-down rail vehicle collision system tests.

[0026] The application of the technical solution of this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0027] (1) This utility model adopts a scaled-down rail vehicle. The scaled-down test vehicle, scaled-down drive vehicle, straight track and small coupler are all scaled down according to the same geometric similarity ratio. This utility model not only has low manufacturing cost and strong repeatability, but also has low requirements for data acquisition devices. It also greatly reduces the danger of the test, improves the test efficiency, saves the space for rail vehicle collision test, and is closer to reality and more accurate than finite element analysis.

[0028] (2) The present invention has a novel structure. The number of scaled-down test vehicles and the active collision vehicle group can be freely increased or decreased by a detachable small coupler, and the vehicle group type can be changed. This can provide more vehicle collision data and provide guidance for full-size vehicle crashworthiness research.

[0029] (3) This utility model adopts an automatic control system. The electrical control box on the scaled-down drive vehicle can control the motor on the power bogie through a preset control program to ensure that the scaled-down drive vehicle reaches the same test speed each time and remains unchanged, so that the collision speed of each test is controllable. This utility model can improve the collision safety of rail vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a top view of a scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a side view of a scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3A flowchart illustrating the workflow for conducting scaled-down rail vehicle collision tests.

[0034] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Scaled-down test vehicle; 11. Trailer bogie; 2. Miniature coupler; 3. Speed ​​sensor; 4. High-speed camera; 5. Straight track; 6. Scaled-down drive vehicle; 61. Crushing tube; 62. Accelerometer; 63. Electrical control box; 64. Powered bogie. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of this utility model provides a scaled-down rail vehicle collision test device, including: 3 scaled-down test vehicles 1, 6 trailer bogies 11, 2 small couplers 2, 1 speed sensor 3, 1 high-speed camera 4, 1 section of straight track 5, 1 scaled-down drive vehicle 6, 1 crush tube 61, 3 acceleration sensors 62, 1 electrical control box 63, and 2 power bogies 64;

[0038] The collision test vehicle group consists of two scaled-down test vehicles 1 connected by a small car coupler 2, with two trailer bogies 11 installed at the bottom of each scaled-down test vehicle 1.

[0039] Active collision vehicle formation: includes one scaled-down drive car 6 that moves via two powered bogies 64, and one scaled-down test car 1 connected to the rear of the scaled-down drive car 6 via a small coupler 2; the front of the scaled-down drive car is equipped with a crush tube 61 whose axis is parallel to the straight track 5, and the front end of the crush tube 61 is adapted to the collision end of the scaled-down test car 1; the electrical control box 63 controls the working mode of the drive motor of the powered bogie 64.

[0040] Data acquisition system: a speed sensor 3 is set next to the straight track 5, and its detection direction is aimed at the collision end of the test vehicle train; a high-speed camera 4 is arranged on the same side as the speed sensor 3, and its field of view covers the entire collision area; a first acceleration sensor 62 is arranged at the tail end of the crush tube 61; the second and third sensors are symmetrically arranged on the car body above the power bogie 64.

[0041] Among them, the scaled-down test vehicle 1, the scaled-down drive vehicle 6, the straight track 5, and the small coupler 2 are all scaled down according to the same geometric similarity ratio.

[0042] In the embodiments of this utility model, both the crash test vehicle group and the active collision vehicle group can be extended to connect more additional scaled test vehicles 1 through the small vehicle coupler 2, or the number of additional scaled test vehicles 1 can be reduced to form different group types.

[0043] Among them, the electronic control box 63 integrates a programmable control board, which controls the scaled-down drive vehicle 6 to reach and maintain the target collision speed through a preset control algorithm.

[0044] Among them, the speed sensor 3 records the instantaneous collision speed of the scaled-down drive vehicle 6 when the crush tube 61 contacts the collision surface of the scaled-down test vehicle 1.

[0045] Among them, the high-speed camera 4 records the entire collision process and the compression deformation of the crushing tube 61;

[0046] Three accelerometers 62 form a distributed measurement array, wherein: the first accelerometer collects the axial impact acceleration of the crush tube 61; the second and third accelerometers synchronously collect the three-dimensional vibration acceleration of the scaled-down drive vehicle 6 body.

[0047] Work process

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the scaled-down rail vehicle collision test process includes the following steps: The test vehicle formation and the active collision vehicle formation are positioned at the starting point of the straight track test, ensuring the crush tube axis is parallel to the track; the control box sets the target collision speed, controls the scaled-down drive vehicle to accelerate to the target speed and maintain stable operation; after the crush tube collides with the test vehicle, crushing deformation occurs, and the multi-source data acquisition system synchronously records the test data; the vehicle formation type is changed, and the scaled-down rail vehicle collision system test is repeated; all data are collected and processed to obtain the scaled-down rail vehicle collision dynamic response, including: vehicle collision displacement, vehicle collision velocity, crush tube deformation length, crush tube axial compression acceleration, and triaxial acceleration during vehicle collision.

[0049] Based on the similarity criterion of the second similarity theorem (π theorem), an incidence matrix with nine dimensions is established, thereby solving for the similarity criterion formed between different dimensions.

[0050] f(m,L,t,n,v,a,F,ω,α)(1)

[0051] Using m, L, t as unit systems to measure the functional relationships between various physical quantities, the dimensionless equation for π is derived as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, the basic physical quantities are: m represents mass, L represents length, and t represents time; the derived physical quantities are: n represents frequency, v represents velocity, a represents acceleration, F represents the excitation of the system, ω represents angular velocity, and α represents angular acceleration.

[0054] Based on π theory, six similarity criteria can be derived (see Table 1). Assuming the scaling factor for length L is λ and the scaling factor for mass m is β, and given the scale-down ratio of the scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus, the collision dynamic response of the full-size rail vehicle can be obtained from Table 2.

[0055] Table 1. Similarity Criteria

[0056]

[0057] Table 2. Proportion Factors of Physical Quantities

[0058]

[0059] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this utility model described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A scaled-down railway vehicle collision test device, characterized in that, include: The collision test vehicle formation consists of several scaled-down test vehicles connected together, used to simulate a collision with a rail vehicle; The active collision vehicle formation consists of a scaled-down drive vehicle and a scaled-down test vehicle connected together, and is used to simulate active collisions with rail vehicles. A straight track, which is a scaled-down track that carries the crash test vehicle group and the active collision vehicle group; The multi-source data acquisition system includes a speed sensor for measuring the speed of the test vehicle group, an acceleration sensor for measuring the acceleration of the active collision vehicle group, and a high-speed camera for capturing the collision scene.

2. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collision test vehicle group consists of two scaled-down test vehicles connected by a small coupler, and each scaled-down test vehicle is equipped with two trailer bogies at the bottom.

3. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The active collision vehicle formation includes a scaled-down drive vehicle supported by two powered bogies and a scaled-down test vehicle, which are connected by a small coupler.

4. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The scaled-down drive vehicle is equipped with a crush tube at its front end, and the front end of the crush tube is adapted to the collision end of the scaled-down test vehicle; the power bogie is connected to an electrical control box to control the operating mode of the drive motor of the power bogie.

5. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-source data acquisition system includes: The speed sensor, located beside the straight track, is aligned with the collision end of the test vehicle train. The high-speed camera, which is positioned on the same side as the speed sensor, has a field of view that covers the entire collision area. The first acceleration sensor is located at the tail end of the crush tube; the second and third speed sensors are symmetrically arranged on the vehicle body above the power bogie.

6. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The electronic control box integrates a programmable control board, which uses a preset control algorithm to control the scaled-down drive vehicle to reach and maintain the target collision speed.

7. The scaled-down rail vehicle collision test apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The speed sensor records the instantaneous speed of the scaled-down drive vehicle at the moment of collision; the high-speed camera records the compression deformation of the crushing tube throughout the entire collision process; the three acceleration sensors form a distributed measurement array, wherein: the first acceleration sensor collects the axial impact acceleration of the crushing tube; the second and third acceleration sensors synchronously collect the three-dimensional vibration acceleration of the scaled-down drive vehicle body.

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