Charging circuit of energy storage system and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a charging circuit of an energy storage system and the energy storage system, and the charging circuit of the energy storage system comprises a pre-charging switch, the first end of which is connected with the first end of an input circuit; the first end of the discharge switch is connected with the second end of the input circuit; the first end of the pre-charging resistor is respectively connected with the second end of the pre-charging switch and the second end of the discharging switch; the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the discharging switch and the second end of the input circuit; the first end of the bypass switch is connected with the first end of the input circuit, and the second end of the bypass switch is connected with the first end of the first capacitor. According to the utility model, the number of circuit devices is reduced, the occupied area of a printed circuit board (PCB) is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power technology, and more specifically, to a charging circuit for an energy storage system and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, most energy storage systems have separate charging circuits, anti-reverse circuits, and discharging circuits. In other words, the pre-charging circuit, anti-reverse circuit, and discharging circuit each have independent circuits. However, the above solutions have problems such as a large number of circuit components, a large PCB (Printed Circuit Board) area, and high cost. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] Therefore, the first aspect of this utility model proposes a charging circuit for an energy storage system.

[0005] The second aspect of this utility model proposes an energy storage system.

[0006] In view of the above, according to the first aspect of this utility model, a charging circuit for an energy storage system is proposed, comprising: a pre-charge switch, the first end of which is connected to the first end of an input circuit; a discharge switch, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the input circuit; a pre-charge resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of both the pre-charge switch and the discharge switch; a first capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the pre-charge resistor, and the second end of which is connected to both the first end of the discharge switch and the second end of the input circuit; and a bypass switch, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the input circuit, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the first capacitor.

[0007] The charging circuit of the energy storage system provided by this utility model mainly includes: a pre-charge switch, a discharge switch, a pre-charge resistor, a first capacitor, and a bypass switch. The first terminal of the pre-charge switch is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, the second terminal of the pre-charge switch is connected to the first terminal of the pre-charge resistor, the second terminal of the pre-charge resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the input circuit. That is, the pre-charge switch and the pre-charge resistor form a pre-charge circuit. Further, the first terminal of the bypass switch is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the bypass switch is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor. Further, the first terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the second terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the second terminal of the pre-charge resistor. That is, the discharge switch, the pre-charge resistor, and the first capacitor form a discharge circuit. In this utility model, the discharge circuit and the pre-charge circuit share the same resistor, namely the pre-charge resistor, thereby reducing the number of circuit components, reducing the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) footprint, and thus reducing costs.

[0008] In some technical solutions, the charging circuit of the energy storage system may optionally include: an anti-reverse circuit, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the input circuit, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the pre-charge switch.

[0009] In this technical solution, the charging circuit of the energy storage system also includes a reverse polarity protection circuit. The first terminal of the reverse polarity protection circuit is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the reverse polarity protection circuit is connected to the first terminal of the pre-charge switch. By setting up the reverse polarity protection circuit between the first terminal of the input circuit and the first terminal of the pre-charge switch, the charging circuit of the energy storage system will not operate when the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit are reversed. This avoids situations where reverse polarity of the input circuit leads to leakage and bulging of the port electrolytic capacitors, as well as damage to the circuit components caused by large reverse current.

[0010] In some technical solutions, optionally, when the first terminal of the input circuit is positive and the second terminal of the input circuit is negative, the reverse protection circuit is in the conducting state, the pre-charge switch is in the conducting state, and the input circuit pre-charges the first capacitor through the reverse protection circuit, the pre-charge switch, and the pre-charge resistor. When the difference between the voltage value of the input circuit and the voltage value across the first capacitor is within a preset range, the bypass switch is in the closed state, the pre-charge switch is in the open state, and the input circuit charges the first capacitor through the bypass switch. When the input circuit stops outputting energy, the bypass switch is in the open state, the discharge switch is in the closed state, and the first capacitor discharges through the discharge switch and the pre-charge resistor.

[0011] In this technical solution, when the first terminal of the input circuit is positive and the second terminal is negative (i.e., the positive terminal of the input circuit is connected to the first terminal of the reverse protection circuit), it indicates that the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit are correctly connected. The reverse protection circuit is in a conducting state, and the energy storage system's charging circuit first performs pre-charging. The pre-charging switch is in a conducting state, and the energy from the input circuit pre-charges the first capacitor through the reverse protection circuit, the pre-charging switch, and the pre-charging resistor. When the difference between the voltage value of the input circuit and the voltage value across the first capacitor is within a preset range, the pre-charging process ends, the bypass switch closes, and after a preset time, the pre-charging switch opens, allowing the energy from the input circuit to charge the first capacitor through the bypass switch. This means the energy storage system's charging circuit enters normal operating mode. When the input circuit stops outputting energy, the bypass switch opens, and the energy from the input circuit can no longer charge the first capacitor. The discharge switch is in a closed state, and the first capacitor discharges through the discharge switch and the pre-charging resistor.

[0012] In some technical solutions, optionally, when the first terminal of the input circuit is negative and the second terminal of the input circuit is positive, the precharge switch is in the on state, the reverse protection circuit is in the off state, and the input circuit cannot precharge the first capacitor.

[0013] In this technical solution, when the first terminal of the input circuit is negative and the second terminal is positive (i.e., when the negative terminal of the input circuit is connected to the first terminal of the reverse protection circuit), the pre-charge switch is in the on state. When the reverse protection circuit is in the off state, the input circuit cannot pre-charge the first capacitor, indicating that the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit are reversed. If no voltage is detected across the first capacitor, it indicates that the pre-charge circuit has failed to start, and the system will report the corresponding fault and stop the startup. Simultaneously, if the port voltage detection is zero, the system determines it is an output reverse connection fault. By connecting the reverse protection circuit in series in the pre-charge circuit, it is possible to quickly and easily determine whether the input circuit is reversed.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the pre-charge resistor may optionally include: a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the pre-charge switch and the discharge switch respectively; and a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the first capacitor.

[0015] In this technical solution, the pre-charge resistor includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first terminal of the first resistor is connected to both the pre-charge switch and the discharge switch. The second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, and the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor. In other words, the pre-charge resistor is composed of the first and second resistors connected in series. Both the first and second resistors are adjustable; by adjusting the first and second resistors, the pre-charge completion time can be adjusted.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, the precharge switch includes: a first relay, the first terminal of the first relay being connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the first relay being connected to the first terminal of the first resistor.

[0017] In this technical solution, the pre-charge switch includes a first relay, wherein a first terminal of the first relay is connected to a first terminal of the input circuit, and a second terminal of the first relay is connected to a first terminal of a first resistor. In other words, the pre-charge switch can be composed of a first relay. By setting the pre-charge switch as a first relay, energy loss can be reduced and the pre-charge completion time can be improved.

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, the discharge switch includes: a first switching transistor, the drain of the first switching transistor being connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the first relay respectively, and the source of the first switching transistor being connected to the second terminal of the input circuit.

[0019] In this technical solution, the discharge switch includes a first switching transistor. The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the first relay, respectively, and the source of the first switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the input circuit. In other words, the discharge switch can be composed of the first switching transistor. By setting the discharge switch as the first switching transistor, the discharge process can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the system's safety and operating efficiency.

[0020] In some technical solutions, the bypass switch may optionally include: a second relay, the first terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor.

[0021] In this technical solution, the bypass switch includes a second relay. The first terminal of the second relay is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the second relay is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor. In other words, the bypass switch is composed of a second relay, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0022] In some technical solutions, the anti-reverse circuit optionally includes: a first diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the negative terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the precharge switch.

[0023] In this technical solution, the anti-reverse circuit includes a first diode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the cathode is connected to the first terminal of the pre-charge switch. When the first terminal of the input circuit is positive, the first diode is in a conducting state; when the first terminal of the input circuit is negative, the first diode is in a cutoff state. In other words, the anti-reverse circuit can be composed of a first diode, a first relay, a first resistor, and a second resistor. When the output port is reversed, the presence of the first diode prevents a circuit from being formed. By detecting the voltage of the first capacitor, the reversed output port connection can be determined, and a fault report can be generated.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an energy storage system is proposed, wherein the energy storage system includes a charging circuit as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0025] The energy storage system provided by this utility model includes a charging circuit as described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, it possesses the technical effects of any of the first aspects of the technical solutions, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will become apparent in the description that follows, or may be learned by practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the charging circuit of an energy storage system in the related technology is shown;

[0029] Figure 2 One of the schematic diagrams of the charging circuit of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the charging circuit of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] in, Figure 1 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0033] The 10' charging circuit of the energy storage system includes a 102' input circuit, a D1' diode, a 104' first relay, a R1' first resistor, a R2' second resistor, a 106' second relay, a Q1' switching transistor, a R3' third resistor, a R4' fourth resistor, and a C1' first capacitor.

[0034] Figures 2 to 4 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 10 Charging circuit of the energy storage system; 102 Pre-charge switch; 1022 First terminal of the pre-charge switch; 1024 Second terminal of the pre-charge switch; 104 Input circuit; 1042 First terminal of the input circuit; 1044 Second terminal of the input circuit; 106 Discharge switch; 1062 First terminal of the discharge switch; 1064 Second terminal of the discharge switch; 108 Pre-charge resistor; 1082 First terminal of the pre-charge resistor; 1084 Second terminal of the pre-charge resistor; C1 First capacitor; 110 Bypass switch; 1102 First terminal of the bypass switch; 1104 Second terminal of the bypass switch; R1 First resistor; R2 Second resistor; 1 12 First Relay, 1122 First Terminal of First Relay, 1124 Second Terminal of First Relay, Q1 First Switch, 114 Second Relay, 1142 First Terminal of Second Relay, 1144 Second Terminal of Second Relay, 116 Reverse Protection Circuit, 1162 First Terminal of Reverse Protection Circuit, 1164 Second Terminal of Reverse Protection Circuit, 118 Pre-charge Circuit, 120 Discharge Circuit, D1 First Diode, 40 Energy Storage System, 1222 First Terminal of First Capacitor, 1224 Second Terminal of First Capacitor, 1242 First Terminal of First Resistor, 1244 Second Terminal of First Resistor, 1262 First Terminal of Second Resistor, 1264 Second Terminal of Second Resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this utility model and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0036] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1This is the charging circuit 10' of an energy storage system in related technologies. In related technologies, the positive terminal of the input circuit 102' is connected to the anti-reverse circuit, the pre-charging circuit, and the bypass switch, respectively, while the negative terminal of the input circuit 102' is connected to the switching transistor Q1' and the first capacitor C1'. The anti-reverse circuit consists of a diode D1', the pre-charging circuit consists of a first relay 104', a first resistor R1', a second resistor R2', and a first capacitor C1', the bypass switch consists of a second relay 106', and the discharging circuit consists of a first capacitor C1', a third resistor R3', a fourth resistor R4', and the switching transistor Q1'. Therefore, in related technologies, the pre-charging circuit, anti-reverse circuit, and discharging circuit are set up separately; that is, each has an independent circuit. However, this method has problems such as a large number of circuit components, a large PCB (Printed Circuit Board) footprint, and high cost.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model proposes a charging circuit 10 for an energy storage system, including: a pre-charge switch 102, the first end 1022 of which is connected to the first end 1042 of an input circuit 104; a discharge switch 106, the first end 1062 of which is connected to the second end 1044 of the input circuit 104; and a pre-charge resistor 108, the first end 1082 of which is connected to the second end 1024 of the pre-charge switch 102 and the second end 1064 of the discharge switch 106. Connections: First capacitor C1, the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal 1084 of the pre-charge resistor 108, and the second terminal 1224 of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first terminal 1062 of the discharge switch 106 and the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104 respectively; Bypass switch 110, the first terminal 1102 of the bypass switch 110 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1104 of the bypass switch 110 is connected to the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1.

[0039] The charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system provided by this utility model mainly includes: a pre-charge switch 102, a discharge switch 106, a pre-charge resistor 108, a first capacitor C1, and a bypass switch 110. The first terminal 1022 of the pre-charge switch 102 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, the second terminal 1024 of the pre-charge switch 102 is connected to the first terminal 1082 of the pre-charge resistor 108, the second terminal 1084 of the pre-charge resistor 108 is connected to the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1, and the second terminal 1224 of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104. Thus, the pre-charge switch 102 and the pre-charge resistor 108 can form a pre-charge circuit 118. The operating time of the pre-charge circuit 118 is determined by the size of the pre-charge resistor 108 and the size of the first capacitor C1, and the pre-charge resistor 108 is an adjustable resistor. When the input circuit 104 starts working, the pre-charging circuit 118 can limit the instantaneous rise of current to avoid damage to the first capacitor C1. Simultaneously, the pre-charging circuit 118 can gradually charge the first capacitor C1 to match the input voltage, preventing system failures caused by voltage surges. When the input circuit 104 starts working, the pre-charging circuit 118 performs pre-charging, i.e., the pre-charging switch 102 closes, and the energy of the input circuit 104 flows to the first capacitor C1 through the pre-charging switch 102 and the pre-charging resistor 108. Further, the first terminal 1102 of the bypass switch 110 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1104 of the bypass switch 110 is connected to the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1. After the pre-charging is completed, the bypass switch 110 changes from an open state to a closed state, and the pre-charging switch 102 changes from a closed state to an open state, allowing the energy of the input circuit 104 to flow to the first capacitor C1 through the bypass switch 110. Furthermore, the first terminal 1062 of the discharge switch 106 is connected to the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1064 of the discharge switch 106 is connected to the second terminal 1084 of the pre-charge resistor 108. That is, the discharge switch 106, the pre-charge resistor 108, and the first capacitor C1 form the discharge circuit 120. When the input circuit 104 stops working, the discharge circuit 120 can quickly release the energy in the first capacitor C1, thereby preventing electric shock. When the input circuit 104 stops working, the bypass switch 110 is opened, the discharge switch 106 is closed, and the energy in the first capacitor C1 is released through the pre-charge resistor 108. In this invention, the discharge circuit 120 and the pre-charge circuit 118 share the same resistor, namely the pre-charge resistor 108, thereby reducing the number of circuit components, reducing the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) footprint, and thus reducing costs.

[0040] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2As shown, the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system further includes: an anti-reverse circuit 116, the first end 1162 of the anti-reverse circuit 116 is connected to the first end 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second end 1164 of the anti-reverse circuit 116 is connected to the first end 1022 of the pre-charge switch 102.

[0041] In this embodiment, the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system further includes a reverse polarity protection circuit 116. The first terminal 1162 of the reverse polarity protection circuit 116 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1164 of the reverse polarity protection circuit 116 is connected to the first terminal 1022 of the pre-charge switch 102. By providing the reverse polarity protection circuit 116 between the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 and the first terminal 1022 of the pre-charge switch 102, the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system will not operate when the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit 104 are reversed with respect to the pre-charge switch 102. This avoids the leakage and bulging of the port electrolytic capacitors and the damage to the circuit components caused by a large reverse current due to the reverse polarity of the input circuit 104.

[0042] In some embodiments, optionally, when the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is positive and the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104 is negative, the anti-reverse circuit 116 is in the conducting state, the pre-charge switch 102 is in the conducting state, and the input circuit 104 pre-charges the first capacitor C1 through the anti-reverse circuit 116, the pre-charge switch 102, and the pre-charge resistor 108. When the difference between the voltage value of the input circuit 104 and the voltage value across the first capacitor C1 is within a preset range, the bypass switch 110 is in the closed state, the pre-charge switch 102 is in the open state, and the input circuit 104 charges the first capacitor C1 through the bypass switch 110. When the input circuit 104 stops outputting energy, the bypass switch 110 is in the open state, the discharge switch 106 is in the closed state, and the first capacitor C1 discharges through the discharge switch 106 and the pre-charge resistor 108.

[0043] Furthermore, the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system also includes a controller, which can control the opening and closing of the bypass switch 110, the precharge switch 102 and the discharge switch 106 according to the voltage across the first capacitor C1 and the input circuit 104.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is positive and the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104 is negative, that is, when the positive terminal of the input circuit 104 is connected to the first terminal 1162 of the anti-reverse circuit 116, it indicates that the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit 104 are correctly connected. The anti-reverse circuit 116 is in the conducting state, and the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system first performs pre-charging. The controller controls the pre-charging switch 102 to be in the conducting state, and the energy of the input circuit 104 pre-charges the first capacitor C1 through the anti-reverse circuit 116, the pre-charging switch 102, and the pre-charging resistor 108. When the difference between the voltage value of the input circuit 104 and the voltage value across the first capacitor C1 is within a preset range (which can be within 10V), the pre-charging process is complete. The controller then closes the bypass switch 110. After a preset time, the controller opens the pre-charging switch 102, allowing the energy from the input circuit 104 to charge the first capacitor C1 through the bypass switch 110. This marks the start of normal operation for the energy storage system's charging circuit 10. When the input circuit 104 stops outputting energy, the controller opens the bypass switch 110, preventing the energy from charging the first capacitor C1. The controller then closes the discharge switch 106, allowing the first capacitor C1 to discharge through the discharge switch 106 and the pre-charging resistor 108.

[0045] In some embodiments, optionally, when the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is negative and the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104 is positive, the precharge switch 102 is in the on state, the anti-reverse circuit 116 is in the off state, and the input circuit 104 cannot precharge the first capacitor C1.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is negative and the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104 is positive, that is, when the negative terminal of the input circuit 104 is connected to the first terminal 1162 of the anti-reverse circuit 116, the controller controls the pre-charge switch 102 to be in the conducting state, but the anti-reverse circuit 116 is in the cut-off state. The input circuit 104 cannot pre-charge the first capacitor C1, indicating that the positive and negative terminals of the input circuit 104 are reversed at this time. When no voltage is detected across the first capacitor C1, it indicates that the pre-charge circuit 118 has failed to start, and the system will report the corresponding fault and stop the startup. At the same time, the port voltage detection is zero, and the system judges it as an output reverse connection fault. By connecting the anti-reverse circuit 116 in series in the pre-charge circuit 118, it is possible to quickly and easily determine whether the input circuit 104 is reversed.

[0047] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3As shown, the pre-charge resistor 108 includes: a first resistor R1, the first end 1242 of the first resistor R1 being connected to the pre-charge switch 102 and the discharge switch 106 respectively; a second resistor R2, the first end 1262 of the second resistor R2 being connected to the second end 1244 of the first resistor R1, and the second end 1264 of the second resistor R2 being connected to the first end 1222 of the first capacitor C1.

[0048] In this embodiment, the pre-charge resistor 108 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first terminal 1242 of the first resistor R1 is connected to both the pre-charge switch 102 and the discharge switch 106. The second terminal 1244 of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first terminal 1262 of the second resistor R2. The second terminal 1264 of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1. In other words, the pre-charge resistor 108 is composed of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 connected in series. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are adjustable resistors; by adjusting the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the pre-charge completion time can be adjusted.

[0049] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the precharge switch 102 includes: a first relay 112, the first end 1122 of the first relay 112 is connected to the first end 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second end 1124 of the first relay 112 is connected to the first end 1242 of the first resistor R1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the precharge switch 102 includes a first relay 112, wherein a first terminal 1122 of the first relay 112 is connected to a first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and a second terminal 1124 of the first relay 112 is connected to a first terminal 1242 of the first resistor R1. In other words, the precharge switch 102 can be composed of the first relay 112. By setting the precharge switch 102 as the first relay 112, energy loss can be reduced and the precharge completion time can be improved.

[0051] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the discharge switch 106 includes: a first switching transistor Q1, the drain of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal 1242 of the first resistor R1 and the second terminal 1124 of the first relay 112, and the source of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104.

[0052] In this embodiment, the discharge switch 106 includes a first switching transistor Q1. The drain of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal 1242 of the first resistor R1 and the second terminal 1124 of the first relay 112. Specifically, the drain of the first switching transistor Q1 can be connected at the midpoint of the connection between the first resistor R1 and the first relay 112. The source of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal 1044 of the input circuit 104. That is, the discharge switch 106 can be composed of the first switching transistor Q1. By setting the discharge switch 106 to the first switching transistor Q1, the discharge process can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the system.

[0053] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bypass switch 110 includes: a second relay 114, the first terminal 1142 of the second relay 114 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1144 of the second relay 114 is connected to the second terminal 1264 of the second resistor R2 and the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1 respectively.

[0054] In this embodiment, the bypass switch 110 includes a second relay 114. The first terminal 1142 of the second relay 114 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the second terminal 1144 of the second relay 114 is connected to the second terminal 1264 of the second resistor R2 and the first terminal 1222 of the first capacitor C1. Specifically, the second terminal 1144 of the second relay 114 can be connected at the midpoint of the connection between the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1. That is, the bypass switch 110 is composed of the second relay 114. By setting the bypass switch 110 to the second relay 114, energy loss can be reduced.

[0055] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the anti-reverse circuit 116 includes: a first diode D1, the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal 1022 of the precharge switch 102.

[0056] In this embodiment, the anti-reverse circuit 116 includes a first diode D1. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal 1022 of the precharge switch 102. When the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is positive, the first diode D1 is in a conducting state; when the first terminal 1042 of the input circuit 104 is negative, the first diode D1 is in a cutoff state. That is, the anti-reverse circuit 116 can be composed of the first diode D1, the first relay 112, the first resistor R1, and the second resistor R2. When the output port is reversed, the presence of the first diode D1 prevents a circuit from being formed. By detecting the voltage of the first capacitor C1, it can be determined that the output port is reversed, and a fault is reported.

[0057] For example, the charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system provided by this utility model has a reverse-bias pre-charge and discharge function. The charging circuit 10 of the energy storage system consists of three main parts: a reverse-bias circuit 116, a pre-charge circuit 118, and a discharge circuit 120. The function of the reverse-bias circuit 116 is to prevent the positive and negative terminals of the port circuit from being reversed, which could lead to leakage and bulging of the port electrolytic capacitor, and damage to the circuit components due to a large reverse current. The reverse-bias circuit 116 includes a first diode D1, a first relay 112, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2. When the output port is correctly connected, the circuit can charge normally. When the output port is reversed, the presence of the first diode D1 prevents a circuit from being formed. By detecting the voltage of the first capacitor C1, it can be determined that the output port is reversed and a fault can be reported. The pre-charge circuit 118 includes a first relay 112, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first capacitor C1. The duration of the pre-charge circuit 118 is determined by the values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the first capacitor C1. When the voltage difference between the input circuit 104 and the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is detected to be within 10V, pre-charging is considered complete. At this time, the second relay 114 engages, and after 1 second, the first relay 112 disengages, completing the pre-charging. The function of the first relay 112 is to receive the input power and prevent power from flowing through the pre-charging circuit 118, which could cause the soft-start resistor to burn out. The discharge circuit 120 consists of the first capacitor C1, the first switch Q1, the first resistor R1, and the second resistor R2. When the system shuts down and stops outputting, the second relay 114 disengages, the first switch Q1 conducts, and the energy in the first capacitor C1 discharges through the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the first switch Q1. When the voltage across the capacitor is detected to be close to zero, the first switch Q1 is turned off, stopping the discharge.

[0058] Specifically, taking the operation of the anti-reverse circuit 116 and the pre-charging circuit 118 as an example, when the two ends of the input circuit 104 are correctly connected (positive and negative), the circuit charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, the first relay 112, the first resistor R1, and the second resistor R2. When the voltage difference between the two ends of the input circuit 104 and the two ends of the first capacitor C1 is detected to be within 10V, the second relay 114 is activated. To ensure that the second relay 114 is fully activated, the first relay 112 is disconnected after a period of time, completing the entire pre-charging process. When the two ends of the input circuit 104 are incorrectly connected (positive and negative), the first relay 112 is activated. Since the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, the pre-charging circuit 118 is cut off, and the first capacitor C1 cannot be charged. When the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is not detected, it indicates that the pre-charging circuit 118 has failed to start, and the system will report the corresponding fault and stop the startup. At the same time, the port voltage detection is zero, and the system judges it as an output reverse connection fault. When the system stops outputting, the second relay 114 is disconnected, and then the first switch Q1 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 discharges through the second resistor R2, the first resistor R1, and the first switch Q1. When the voltage across the first capacitor C1 drops to zero, the first switch Q1 is turned off, and the discharge circuit 120 stops working.

[0059] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: First, the pre-charging circuit 118, the reverse protection circuit 116, and the discharge circuit 120 in the system achieve functional integration; Second, the three circuits 118, 116, and 120 operate at staggered times, allowing for the reuse of some circuit components, reducing component costs, and minimizing PCB space and area occupied; Third, the reverse protection circuit 116, connected in series in the pre-charging circuit, can easily and quickly determine whether the output is reversed; Fourth, the pre-charging resistor 108 can be adjusted to control the pre-charging time; Fifth, it effectively avoids risks such as relay contact sticking, burning, and arcing; Sixth, it meets safety regulations by reducing the port voltage to within 1 second.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention proposes an energy storage system 40, wherein the energy storage system 40 includes a charging circuit 10 as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0061] The energy storage system 40 provided by this utility model includes a charging circuit 10 as described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, it possesses the technical effects of any of the embodiments of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited. The terms "connection," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A charging circuit for an energy storage system, characterized in that, include: A precharge switch, wherein the first terminal of the precharge switch is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit; A discharge switch, wherein the first end of the discharge switch is connected to the second end of the input circuit; A pre-charge resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the pre-charge switch and the second end of the discharge switch, respectively; A first capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the pre-charge resistor, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the discharge switch and the second end of the input circuit, respectively. A bypass switch, wherein the first terminal of the bypass switch is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the bypass switch is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor; The discharge switch, the pre-charge resistor, and the first capacitor together form a discharge circuit, while the pre-charge switch and the pre-charge resistor together form a pre-charge circuit.

2. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit of the energy storage system also includes: An anti-reverse circuit is provided, wherein the first terminal of the anti-reverse circuit is connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and the second terminal of the anti-reverse circuit is connected to the first terminal of the precharge switch.

3. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first terminal of the input circuit is positive and the second terminal of the input circuit is negative, the anti-reverse circuit is in the conducting state, the pre-charge switch is in the conducting state, and the input circuit pre-charges the first capacitor through the anti-reverse circuit, the pre-charge switch, and the pre-charge resistor. When the difference between the voltage value of the input circuit and the voltage value across the first capacitor is within a preset range, the bypass switch is in the closed state, the pre-charge switch is in the open state, and the input circuit charges the first capacitor through the bypass switch. When the input circuit stops outputting energy, the bypass switch is in the open state, the discharge switch is in the closed state, and the first capacitor discharges through the discharge switch and the pre-charge resistor.

4. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first terminal of the input circuit is negative and the second terminal of the input circuit is positive, the precharge switch is in the on state, the anti-reverse circuit is in the off state, and the input circuit cannot precharge the first capacitor.

5. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The pre-charge resistor includes: A first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the precharge switch and the discharge switch respectively; The second resistor has its first end connected to the second end of the first resistor, and its second end connected to the first end of the first capacitor.

6. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precharge switch includes: The first relay has a first terminal connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and a second terminal connected to the first terminal of the first resistor.

7. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discharge switch includes: The first switching transistor has its drain connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the first relay, and its source connected to the second terminal of the input circuit.

8. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bypass switch includes: The second relay has its first terminal connected to the first terminal of the input circuit, and its second terminal connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor.

9. The charging circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-reverse circuit includes: The first diode has its anode connected to the first terminal of the input circuit and its cathode connected to the first terminal of the precharge switch.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: The charging circuit of the energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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