Anti-siphon anti-backflow drainage system of dish washing machine

Abstract

An anti-siphon anti-backflow drainage system of a dish-washing machine comprises a drainage pipeline connected with an inner container and a drainer, a drainage channel is arranged in the drainer, a respirator is arranged on the drainer, and an air inlet communicated with the outside atmosphere, a first air inlet channel and a first steam channel are formed in the respirator. The drainage pipeline, the first steam channel and the drainage channel are sequentially communicated to form a drainage water channel, and the air inlet, the first air inlet channel and the first steam channel are sequentially communicated to form a first air suction channel; when the drainage waterway drains water, external atmosphere reaches the drainage waterway through the first suction air path. According to the anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system, the air inlet communicated with the outside atmosphere, the first air inlet channel and the first water and air channel are formed in the respirator, the first air suction channel is formed, when the drainage waterway drains water, the outside atmosphere reaches the drainage waterway through the first air suction channel, namely air suction is carried out when drainage is carried out; and air pressure balance communicated with the atmosphere is ensured, so that a siphoning effect is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dishwasher technology, and in particular to an anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher. Background Technology

[0002] When a dishwasher is draining water, negative pressure can easily form in the drain pipe, which may cause water to flow back into the inner tub through the drain pipe, a phenomenon known as the siphon effect. This can lead to problems such as poor drainage and incomplete cleaning. In addition, when a dishwasher is filling with water, negative pressure can also easily form in the water inlet pipe, which may cause water to flow back into the water inlet pipe, also a siphon effect. This can lead to problems such as poor water intake and water not being able to enter the inner tub. Some dishwashers are equipped with anti-siphon valves in the drain and water inlet pipes. When negative pressure forms in the pipes, the valves will automatically close to prevent water from flowing back. However, anti-siphon valves are prone to failure after prolonged use and may not close automatically.

[0003] Therefore, further improvements are necessary. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a dishwasher anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system that is simple in structure, has a good anti-siphon effect, effectively prevents backflow, has a long service life, and is highly practical, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] A dishwasher anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system designed for this purpose is characterized by: including a drain pipe connected to the inner tub and a drainer, the drainer having a drain channel, a breather on the drainer, an air inlet connected to the outside atmosphere, a first air inlet channel, and a first water vapor channel, the drain pipe, the first water vapor channel, and the drain channel being sequentially connected to form a drain water path, the air inlet, the first air inlet channel, and the first water vapor channel being sequentially connected to form a first air intake path; when the drain water path drains, the outside atmosphere reaches the drain water path through the first air intake path.

[0006] The drainer is equipped with a water softener, and the side of the water softener is equipped with a water inlet pipe. The water softener is equipped with a second water-air channel, a water inlet channel, and a resin chamber. The water inlet pipe, the second water-air channel, the water inlet channel, the resin chamber, and the inner liner are connected in sequence to form a water inlet path. The breather is equipped with a second air inlet channel. The air inlet, the second air inlet channel, and the second water-air channel are connected in sequence to form a second air intake path. When water enters the water inlet path, outside air reaches the water inlet path through the second air intake path.

[0007] The drainage system includes a first drainage system and a second drainage system. The inner liner, the first drainage system, the second drainage system, and the first water-air passage are connected in sequence. The second drainage system is vertically positioned above the first drainage system. A one-way valve ball is installed inside the second drainage system. When the drainage system is draining water, the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball to open the second drainage system. When the drainage system stops draining water, the one-way valve ball falls back down under the action of gravity to block the second drainage system.

[0008] The air inlet is equipped with a swingable valve plate. The valve plate is tilted and closes the air inlet when it is in a standby state. Under the action of the outside atmosphere, the valve plate swings upward to open the air inlet.

[0009] The first air intake channel includes a first air passage and a second air passage. A first ball valve is installed on the second air passage. When the first intake air passage is inlet, the air pressure pushes the first ball valve downward to open the second air passage. The air inlet, the first air passage, the second air passage and the first water-air passage are connected in sequence. When the first intake air passage stops inlet, the first ball valve returns to its original position under the action of elasticity to block the second air passage.

[0010] The second air intake channel includes a third air passage and a fourth air passage. A second ball valve is installed on the fourth air passage. When air enters the second intake air passage, the air pressure pushes the second ball valve downward to open the fourth air passage. The air inlet, the third air passage, the fourth air passage, and the second water-air passage are connected in sequence. When the second intake air passage stops entering air, the second ball valve resets upward under the action of elasticity to block the fourth air passage.

[0011] The water inlet channels include a washing water inlet channel and a regeneration water inlet channel;

[0012] The washing water inlet channel includes a first water channel and a second water channel, which are connected to the resin chamber in sequence.

[0013] The regeneration water inlet channel includes a third water channel, a brine chamber, a fourth water channel, and a water channel group, which are connected in sequence to the resin chamber;

[0014] The second water-air channel can be switched to connect the first water channel and the third water channel.

[0015] The bottom of the inner tank is equipped with a base, and the water softener is installed inside the base. The water softener and the base form a fifth water channel. The base is equipped with a water inlet. The resin chamber, the fifth water channel, the water inlet and the inner tank are connected in sequence.

[0016] The second drainage pipe is equipped with a drainage through hole inside; when the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball, the drainage through hole is opened, thereby opening the second drainage pipe; when the one-way valve ball falls downward under the action of gravity, the drainage through hole is closed, thereby blocking the second drainage pipe.

[0017] The second drainage pipe is equipped with a support section inside, and the drainage through hole is located on the support section. When the one-way valve ball falls downward under the action of gravity, it is supported on the support section.

[0018] A water collection cup connected to the inner liner is provided at the bottom of the inner liner. A drain outlet is provided on the side of the water collection cup. The first end of the first drain pipe is connected to the drain outlet. A drain pump is provided on the drain outlet. The inlet end of the drain pump is connected to the inner liner, and the outlet end of the drain pump is connected to the first drain pipe.

[0019] The water inlet pipeline includes an inlet pipe and an inlet chamber. The inlet pipe, the inlet chamber, and the second water-air channel are connected in sequence. A flow meter is installed in the inlet chamber. A drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the drainer, and the drain channel is connected to the drain pipe.

[0020] This utility model's anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system establishes a first intake air path by setting an air inlet connected to the outside atmosphere, a first air intake channel, and a first water-air channel on the breather. When the drainage channel drains, the outside atmosphere reaches the drainage channel through the first intake air path, meaning air is drawn in simultaneously with drainage, ensuring pressure balance with the atmosphere and preventing negative pressure in the drainage channel, thus preventing the siphon effect. Similarly, by setting a second air intake channel on the breather and a second water-air channel on the water softener, a second intake air path is formed. When the water inlet channel receives water, the outside atmosphere reaches the water inlet channel through the second intake air path, meaning air is drawn in simultaneously with water intake, ensuring pressure balance with the atmosphere and preventing negative pressure in the water inlet channel, thus preventing the siphon effect. The above structure uses the first and second intake air paths instead of the traditional anti-siphon valve, avoiding the problem of anti-siphon valves easily failing after long-term use. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figures 1-5 This is a cross-sectional view of the dishwasher from different angles in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dishwasher according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of a dishwasher according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainer from another position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 11This is a side view of the drainer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the dishwasher from another position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainer in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainer from another position in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] See Figures 1-14 The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system of this dishwasher includes a drain pipe connected to the inner tub 1 and a drainer 2. The drainer 2 is provided with a drain channel 3 and a breather 4. The breather 4 is provided with an air inlet 54 that connects to the outside atmosphere, a first air inlet channel 5, and a first water vapor channel 6. The drain pipe, the first water vapor channel 6, and the drain channel 3 are connected in sequence to form a drainage water path. The air inlet 54, the first air inlet channel 5, and the first water vapor channel 6 are connected in sequence to form a first suction air path, that is, the first suction air path connects to the drainage water path. When the drainage water path drains, the outside atmosphere reaches the drainage water path through the first suction air path.

[0033] The drainer 2 is equipped with a water softener 7, and the side of the water softener 7 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 8. The water softener 7 is equipped with a second water-air channel 9, a water inlet channel and a resin chamber 10. The water inlet pipe 8, the second water-air channel 9, the water inlet channel, the resin chamber 10 and the inner liner 1 are connected in sequence to form a water inlet channel. The breather 4 is equipped with a second air inlet channel 11. The air inlet 54, the second air inlet channel 11 and the second water-air channel 9 are connected in sequence to form a second air intake channel, that is, the second air intake channel is connected to the water inlet channel. When water enters the water inlet channel, the outside atmosphere reaches the water inlet channel through the second air intake channel.

[0034] In the diagram, solid arrows represent drainage and inlet water paths, while dashed arrows represent the first and second intake air paths.

[0035] The water softener 7 and the breather 4 are integrated into one unit. The breather 4 is located above the water softener 7 and is located on one side of the inner tank 1.

[0036] The drainage system includes a first drainage pipe 12 and a second drainage pipe 13. The inner liner 1, the first drainage pipe 12, the second drainage pipe 13, and the first water-air channel 6 are connected in sequence. The second drainage pipe 13 is vertically arranged above the first drainage pipe 12. A one-way valve ball 14 is installed inside the second drainage pipe 13. When the drainage system drains water, the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball 14 to open the second drainage pipe 13. When the drainage system stops draining water, the one-way valve ball 14 falls back down under the action of gravity to block the second drainage pipe 13, thereby achieving backflow prevention. This structure uses the gravity of the one-way valve ball 14 to block the drainage system, which has a good sealing effect and effectively prevents water from flowing back into the drainage system.

[0037] An oscillable valve plate 15 is provided on the air inlet 54. The valve plate 15 is set at an angle. When the valve plate 15 is in a standby state, it closes the air inlet 54. Under the action of the outside atmosphere, the valve plate 15 swings upward to open the air inlet 54. That is, when the outside atmosphere enters the respirator 4 through the air inlet 54, it acts on the valve plate 15 to make the valve plate 15 swing upward. When the respirator 4 stops air intake, the valve plate 15 swings downward under its own gravity to close the air inlet 54 again.

[0038] A protrusion 39 is provided on the respirator 4 above the air inlet 54, and a rotating hole 40 is provided on the upper end of the valve plate 15. The valve plate 15 is oscillating on the respirator 4 through the cooperation of the rotating hole 40 and the protrusion 39.

[0039] The first air intake channel 5 includes a first airway 16 and a second airway 17. A first ball valve 18 is provided on the second airway 17. When the first inhalation airway is inhaled, the air pressure pushes the first ball valve 18 downward to open the second airway 17. The air inlet 54, the first airway 16, the second airway 17 and the first water-air channel 6 are connected in sequence. When the first inhalation airway stops inhaling, the first ball valve 18 is reset upward under the action of elasticity to block the second airway 17. This can prevent water from flowing back into the first airway 16 through the second airway 17 during drainage, and then flowing out of the respirator 4 through the air inlet 54.

[0040] The second air intake channel 11 includes a third airway 19 and a fourth airway 20. A second ball valve 21 is provided on the fourth airway 20. When the second inhalation airway is inhaled, the air pressure pushes the second ball valve 21 downward to open the fourth airway 20. The air inlet 54, the third airway 19, the fourth airway 20 and the second water-air channel 9 are connected in sequence. When the second inhalation airway stops inhaling, the second ball valve 21 is reset upward under the action of elasticity to block the fourth airway 20. This can prevent water from flowing back into the third airway 19 through the fourth airway 20 when water is inhaled, and then flowing out of the respirator 4 through the air inlet 54.

[0041] A first through hole 41 is provided between the first airway 16 and the second airway 17. When the air pressure pushes the first ball valve 18 downward, the first through hole 41 is opened, thereby opening the second airway 17. When the first ball valve 18 returns to its original position under the action of elasticity, the first through hole 41 is closed, thereby blocking the second airway 17. A first spring 42 is provided between the first ball valve 18 and the respirator 4. The first ball valve 18 returns to its original position under the action of elasticity of the first spring 42.

[0042] A second through hole 43 is provided between the third airway 19 and the fourth airway 20. When the air pressure pushes the second ball valve 21 downward, the second through hole 43 is opened, thereby opening the fourth airway 20. When the second ball valve 21 returns to its original position under the action of the spring, the second through hole 43 is closed, thereby blocking the fourth airway 20. A second spring 44 is provided between the second ball valve 21 and the respirator 4. The second ball valve 21 returns to its original position under the action of the spring force of the second spring 44.

[0043] The water inlet channels include a washing water inlet channel and a regeneration water inlet channel;

[0044] The washing water inlet channel includes a first water channel 22 and a second water channel 23, which are connected to the resin chamber 10 in sequence.

[0045] The regeneration water inlet channel includes a third water channel 24, a salt chamber 25, a fourth water channel 26, and a water channel group, which are connected in sequence to the resin chamber 10.

[0046] The second water-air channel 9 can be switched to connect the first water channel 22 and the third water channel 24; when the second water-air channel 9 is connected to the first water channel 22, the dishwasher takes in water normally; when the second water-air channel 9 is connected to the third water channel 24, the salt water regeneration resin is realized.

[0047] The waterway assembly includes a sixth waterway 45, a seventh waterway 46, and an eighth waterway 47 arranged in a meandering manner. The fourth waterway 26, the sixth waterway 45, the seventh waterway 46, the eighth waterway 47, and the resin cavity 10 are connected in sequence.

[0048] The water softener 7 is equipped with a solenoid valve 48, which has a movable head 49. The movable head 49 moves between the first water channel 22 and the third water channel 24 to switch the second water-air channel 9 between the first water channel 22 and the third water channel 24. When normal water intake is required, the solenoid valve 48 switches the second water-air channel 9 to connect to the first water channel 22. When resin regeneration is required, the solenoid valve 48 switches the second water-air channel 9 to connect to the third water channel 24. The working principle of the solenoid valve 48 and the movable head 49 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The bottom of the inner tank 1 is provided with a base 37, the water softener 7 is installed in the base 37, and a fifth water channel 38 is formed between the water softener 7 and the base 37. The base 37 is provided with a water inlet 27. The resin chamber 10, the fifth water channel 38, the water inlet 27 and the inner tank 1 are connected in sequence.

[0050] The second drainage pipe 13 is provided with a drainage through hole 28 inside; when the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball 14, the drainage through hole 28 is opened, thereby opening the second drainage pipe 13; when the one-way valve ball 14 falls down under the action of gravity, the drainage through hole 28 is closed, thereby blocking the second drainage pipe 13.

[0051] The second drainage pipe 13 is provided with a support part 29 inside, and a drainage through hole 28 is provided on the support part 29. When the one-way valve ball 14 falls downward under the action of gravity, it is supported on the support part 29, thereby sealing the drainage through hole 28.

[0052] The cross-sectional shape of the support part 29 is inverted V-shape, which can improve the support effect on the one-way valve ball 14.

[0053] The first drainage pipe 12 is arranged horizontally, and the first drainage pipe 12 and the second drainage pipe 13 are perpendicular to each other.

[0054] The bottom of the inner tank 1 is provided with a water collection cup 30 connected to the inner tank 1. The side of the water collection cup 30 is provided with a drain outlet 31, which is connected to the water collection cup 30. The first end of the first drain pipe 12 is connected to the drain outlet 31, and the end is connected to the first end of the second drain pipe 13. The end of the second drain pipe 13 is connected to the drainer 2. A drain pump 32 is provided on the drain outlet 31. The inlet of the drain pump 32 is connected to the inner tank 1, and the outlet of the drain pump 32 is connected to the first drain pipe 12. When the drain pump 32 is working, the water in the inner tank 1 is discharged from the dishwasher through the drain water passage. The first drain pipe 12 and the second drain pipe 13 are integrated on the water collection cup 30.

[0055] The water inlet pipe 8 includes a water inlet pipe 33 and a water inlet chamber 34. The water inlet pipe 33, the water inlet chamber 34, and the second water-air channel 9 are connected in sequence. A flow meter 35 is installed in the water inlet chamber 34. A drain pipe 36 is installed at the bottom of the drainer 2 (water softener 7). The drain channel 3 is connected to the drain pipe 36. A water pump 50 is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe 33. When the water pump 50 is working, external tap water enters the inner tank 1 through the water inlet water passage.

[0056] A first channel 51 is formed between the water softener 7 and the base 37. A second channel 52 is provided on the breather 4. The second drain pipe 13, the first channel 51, the second channel 52 and the first water-air channel 6 are connected in sequence. The second channel 52 and the first water-air channel 6 are arranged in a meandering manner. The first channel 51 is arranged horizontally above the second drain pipe 13. The second channel 52 and the first water-air channel 6 are arranged vertically above the first channel 51. The drain channel 3 is arranged below the second channel 52 and the first water-air channel 6, so that the drainage first passes through the bottom, then goes around to the top and then returns to the bottom. The drain channel 3 is arranged inside the water softener 7.

[0057] The water softener 7 is provided with a third channel 53, a second air inlet channel 11 (fourth air channel 20), and a third channel 53 and a second water-air channel 9 connected in sequence.

[0058] The above describes the preferred embodiments of this utility model, illustrating and describing its basic principles, main features, and advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dishwasher anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system, characterized in that: It includes a drain pipe connected to the inner liner (1) and a drainer (2). The drainer (2) is provided with a drain channel (3). The drainer (2) is provided with a breather (4). The breather (4) is provided with an air inlet (54) that connects to the outside atmosphere, a first air inlet channel (5), and a first water vapor channel (6). The drain pipe, the first water vapor channel (6), and the drain channel (3) are connected in sequence to form a drain waterway. The air inlet (54), the first air inlet channel (5), and the first water vapor channel (6) are connected in sequence to form a first air intake channel. When the drain waterway drains, the outside atmosphere reaches the drain waterway through the first air intake channel.

2. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water softener (7) is installed on the drainer (2). A water inlet pipe (8) is installed on the side of the water softener (7). A second water-air channel (9), a water inlet channel and a resin chamber (10) are installed on the water softener (7). The water inlet pipe (8), the second water-air channel (9), the water inlet channel, the resin chamber (10) and the inner liner (1) are connected in sequence to form a water inlet path. A second air inlet channel (11) is installed on the breather (4). The air inlet (54), the second air inlet channel (11) and the second water-air channel (9) are connected in sequence to form a second air intake path. When water enters the water inlet path, the outside atmosphere reaches the water inlet path through the second air intake path.

3. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage pipeline includes a first drainage pipeline (12) and a second drainage pipeline (13). The inner liner (1), the first drainage pipeline (12), the second drainage pipeline (13) and the first water-air channel (6) are connected in sequence. The second drainage pipeline (13) is vertically arranged above the first drainage pipeline (12). A one-way valve ball (14) is installed inside the second drainage pipeline (13). When the drainage water is draining, the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball (14) to open the second drainage pipeline (13). When the drainage water stops draining, the one-way valve ball (14) falls down under the action of gravity to block the second drainage pipeline (13).

4. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oscillable valve plate (15) is provided on the air inlet (54). The valve plate (15) is set at an angle. When the valve plate (15) is in a waiting state, it closes the air inlet (54). When the valve plate (15) is in the action of the outside atmosphere, it swings upward to open the air inlet (54).

5. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air intake channel (5) includes a first air passage (16) and a second air passage (17). A first ball valve (18) is provided on the second air passage (17). When the first intake air passage is inlet, the air pressure pushes the first ball valve (18) downward to open the second air passage (17). The air inlet (54), the first air passage (16), the second air passage (17) and the first water-air passage (6) are connected in sequence. When the first intake air passage stops inlet, the first ball valve (18) is reset upward under the action of elasticity to block the second air passage (17).

6. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second air intake channel (11) includes a third air passage (19) and a fourth air passage (20). A second ball valve (21) is provided on the fourth air passage (20). When the second intake air passage is inlet, the air pressure pushes the second ball valve (21) downward to open the fourth air passage (20). The air inlet (54), the third air passage (19), the fourth air passage (20) and the second water-air passage (9) are connected in sequence. When the second intake air passage stops inlet, the second ball valve (21) is reset upward under the action of elasticity to block the fourth air passage (20).

7. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet channels include a washing water inlet channel and a regeneration water inlet channel; The washing water inlet channel includes a first water channel (22) and a second water channel (23), which are connected in sequence to the resin chamber (10); The regeneration water inlet channel includes a third water channel (24), a salt chamber (25), a fourth water channel (26), and a water channel group, which are connected in sequence to the third water channel (24), the salt chamber (25), the fourth water channel (26), the water channel group, and the resin chamber (10); The second water vapor channel (9) can switch between the first water channel (22) and the third water channel (24).

8. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner tank (1) is provided with a base (37), the water softener (7) is placed inside the base (37), the water softener (7) and the base (37) form a fifth water channel (38), the base (37) is provided with a water inlet (27), and the resin chamber (10), the fifth water channel (38), the water inlet (27) and the inner tank (1) are connected in sequence.

9. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second drainage pipe (13) is provided with a drainage through hole (28); when the drainage water pressure pushes up the one-way valve ball (14), the drainage through hole (28) is opened, thereby opening the second drainage pipe (13); when the one-way valve ball (14) falls down under the action of gravity, the drainage through hole (28) is closed, thereby blocking the second drainage pipe (13). The second drainage pipe (13) is provided with a support part (29) inside, and the drainage through hole (28) is provided on the support part (29). When the one-way valve ball (14) falls down under the action of gravity, it is supported on the support part (29).

10. The anti-siphon and anti-backflow drainage system for a dishwasher according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner liner (1) is provided with a water collection cup (30) that connects to the inner liner (1). The side of the water collection cup (30) is provided with a drain outlet (31). The first end of the first drain pipe (12) is connected to the drain outlet (31). A drain pump (32) is provided on the drain outlet (31). The inlet end of the drain pump (32) is connected to the inner liner (1), and the outlet end of the drain pump (32) is connected to the first drain pipe (12). The water inlet pipe (8) includes a water inlet pipe (33) and a water inlet chamber (34). The water inlet pipe (33), the water inlet chamber (34) and the second water and air channel (9) are connected in sequence. A flow meter (35) is installed in the water inlet chamber (34). A drain pipe (36) is installed at the bottom of the drainer (2). The drain channel (3) is connected to the drain pipe (36).

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