Chuck clamp and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chuck clamp and a machine tool, comprising a chuck provided with a plurality of clamping jaws and a guide structure matched with the clamping jaws; the clamping jaw driving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the clamping jaw and comprises a driving assembly, a lifting block and a plurality of rocker arm components corresponding to the clamping jaw, the rocker arm components are hinged to a rocker arm mounting base, the rocker arm mounting base is connected to the chuck, each rocker arm component is provided with a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm, and the multiple rocker arm components are located on the periphery of the lifting block; the first rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are all in transmission fit connection with the lifting block, the second rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are in transmission fit connection with the corresponding clamping jaws, and the driving assembly drives the lifting block to ascend and descend and drives the multiple clamping jaws to synchronously move along the guide structure through the rocker arm components rotating around the rocker arm mounting base. According to the technical scheme, even if parts are abraded to generate clearance, the multiple clamping jaws still keep synchronous movement, the centering precision is not affected, and the clamping jaw is suitable for long-term maintenance-free use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model is applicable to the field of machining, and in particular relates to a chuck fixture and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] The three-jaw chuck is one of the most widely used fixtures in the field of machining. Its core function is to achieve rapid centering and clamping of round or symmetrical workpieces through three symmetrically distributed jaws.

[0003] In existing technology, the three jaws of a chuck are generally driven synchronously by threads to ensure that the center of the workpiece coincides with the axis of the machine tool spindle. As the service life increases, the key components inside the chuck experience cumulative wear due to high-frequency friction, resulting in increased transmission clearance. In particular, wear on the thread profile leads to a decrease in the synchronous movement accuracy of the jaws, causing slight positional deviations in the three jaws during clamping, which affects the automatic centering performance.

[0004] In summary, the problems existing in the relevant technologies urgently need to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a chuck fixture and a machine tool.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] Firstly, a chuck clamp includes:

[0008] A chuck is provided with multiple jaws, and the chuck is provided with a guide structure that cooperates with the jaws, the guide structure extending radially along the chuck;

[0009] A gripper drive mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the gripper. The gripper drive mechanism includes a drive assembly, a lifting block, and multiple rocker arm components corresponding to the gripper. The rocker arm components are hinged to a rocker arm mounting base, which is connected to the chuck. Each rocker arm component has a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm. The multiple rocker arm components are located on the outer periphery of the lifting block, and the first rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are all connected in a transmission engagement with the lifting block. The second rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are connected in a transmission engagement with the corresponding gripper. The drive assembly drives the lifting block to rise and fall, and drives the multiple grippers to move synchronously along the guide structure through the rocker arm components that rotate around the rocker arm mounting base.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the outer peripheral surface of the lifting block is provided with a plurality of first drive grooves corresponding to the rocker arm component, and the end of the first rocker arm of the rocker arm component is embedded in the first drive groove.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the end of the first rocker arm is provided with a top fulcrum that cooperates with the top wall of the first drive groove and a bottom fulcrum that cooperates with the bottom wall of the first drive groove.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the bottom end face of the gripper is provided with a second drive groove, and the end of the second rocker arm of the rocker arm component is embedded in the second drive groove corresponding to the gripper.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementation, in some implementations of the first aspect, the end of the second rocker arm is provided with an internal fulcrum that cooperates with the inner wall of the second drive groove and an external fulcrum that cooperates with the outer wall of the second drive groove.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the driving assembly includes a driving rod, the driving rod is provided with an outer helical groove, the lifting block is provided with a driving rod hole, the driving rod passes through the driving rod hole, and the hole wall of the driving rod hole is provided with an inner helical tooth that engages with the outer helical groove.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the chuck has an inner cavity, the gripper drive mechanism is disposed in the inner cavity, the bottom of the chuck has an end cover that closes the inner cavity, the drive rod is mounted on the end cover through a bearing seat, the drive rod has a driven bevel gear, the chuck has an operating rod that extends radially into the inner cavity, and the operating rod has a driving bevel gear that drives and cooperates with the driven bevel gear.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in some implementation methods of the first aspect, the gripper is provided with multiple clamping surfaces, and the multiple clamping surfaces are arranged in a stepped manner along the radial direction.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the sidewall of the gripper is provided with a guide groove, and the chuck is provided with guide teeth that cooperate with the guide groove.

[0018] In a second aspect, a machine tool includes a chuck fixture as described in any implementation of the first aspect.

[0019] One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the technical solution of this utility model, a drive component is used to drive the lifting block to rise and fall. The lifting block drives the rocker arm component to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base. The rocker arm component uses the lever principle to drive the grippers, opening and closing the grippers synchronously. This technical solution of this utility model abandons the independent drive method of each gripper being driven by a thread. Instead, a single lifting block drives the rocker arm component to achieve synchronous opening and closing. The advantage is that even if the components wear and produce play, the multiple grippers still maintain synchronous movement, the centering accuracy is not affected, and it is suitable for long-term maintenance-free use.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of one embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the chuck is hidden in one embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0027] In this utility model, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] In this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this utility model, if "first" or "second" is used, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0029] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] See Figures 1-4 An embodiment of this utility model provides a chuck clamp, including a chuck 100 and a jaw drive mechanism 200. The chuck 100 is provided with a plurality of jaws 101, for example in... Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the chuck 100 has three jaws 101, which are evenly distributed at the top of the chuck 100. The chuck 100 also has a guide structure that cooperates with the jaws 101. The guide structure extends radially along the chuck 100 and is used to guide the jaws 101 to open and close. It is understood that the guide structure can be a guide groove, guide rail, guide rod, etc.

[0031] The gripper drive mechanism 200 is located at the bottom of the gripper 101. The gripper drive mechanism 200 includes a drive assembly, a lifting block 201, and multiple rocker arm components 202 corresponding to the gripper 101. The rocker arm components 202 are hinged to the rocker arm mounting base 203, which is connected to the chuck 100. The rocker arm components 202 have a first rocker arm 204 and a second rocker arm 205. The rocker arm components 202 form a lever structure with the rocker arm mounting base 203 as the fulcrum. The multiple rocker arm components 202 are located on the outer periphery of the lifting block 201, and the first rocker arm 204 of the multiple rocker arm components 202 are all connected to the lifting block 201 in a transmission engagement. The second rocker arm 205 of the multiple rocker arm components 202 are connected to the corresponding gripper 101 in a transmission engagement. The drive assembly drives the lifting block 201 to rise and fall, and the multiple grippers 101 move synchronously along the guide structure through the rocker arm components 202 rotating around the rocker arm mounting base 203.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4In this invention, a drive assembly is used to drive the lifting block 201 to move up and down. The lifting block 201 drives the rocker arm component 202 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203. The rocker arm component 202 uses the lever principle to drive the gripper 101, thus opening and closing the gripper 101 synchronously. This invention abandons the independent drive method where each gripper 101 is driven by a thread. Instead, a single lifting block 201 drives the rocker arm component 202 to achieve synchronous opening and closing. The advantage is that even if the components wear and produce play, the multiple grippers 101 still maintain synchronous movement, and the centering accuracy is not affected, making it suitable for long-term maintenance-free use.

[0033] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The outer peripheral surface of the lifting block 201 is provided with a plurality of first drive grooves 206 corresponding to the rocker arm component 202. The end of the first rocker arm 204 of the rocker arm component 202 is embedded in the first drive groove 206. When the lifting block 201 is raised or lowered, it abuts against the first rocker arm 204 through the groove wall of the first drive groove 206, thereby driving the rocker arm component 202 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203.

[0034] Further, see Figure 2 The end of the first rocker arm 204 is provided with a top fulcrum 207 that mates with the top wall of the first drive groove 206 and a bottom fulcrum 208 that mates with the bottom wall of the first drive groove 206. The end of the first rocker arm 204 forms the top fulcrum 207 and the bottom fulcrum 208 by providing partial protrusions, and the top fulcrum 207 and the bottom fulcrum 208 form an arc surface that mates with the first drive groove 206. When the lifting block 201 rises under the drive of the drive assembly, the bottom wall of the first drive groove 206 pushes against the bottom fulcrum 208 of the first rocker arm 204, thereby causing the first rocker arm 204 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203 and causing the corresponding gripper 101 to open outwards. When the lifting block 201 falls under the drive of the drive assembly, the top wall of the first drive groove 206 pushes against the top fulcrum 207 of the first rocker arm 204, thereby causing the first rocker arm 204 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203 and causing the corresponding gripper 101 to close inwards. In this embodiment, by setting the top fulcrum 207 and the bottom fulcrum 208, the interference between the groove opening of the first drive groove 206 and the first rocker arm 204 can be reduced, and the swing range of the rocker arm component 202 can be increased.

[0035] It is understandable that a drive groove can also be provided on the first rocker arm 204, and a drive protrusion that cooperates with the drive groove can be provided on the lifting block 201 to achieve the transmission cooperation between the lifting block 201 and the rocker arm component 202.

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 2The bottom end face of the gripper 101 is provided with a second drive groove 102, and the end of the second rocker arm 205 of the rocker arm component 202 is embedded in the second drive groove 102 of the corresponding gripper 101. When the rocker arm component 202 rotates, the second rocker arm 205 abuts against the groove wall of the second drive groove, thereby driving the gripper 101 to open and close.

[0037] Further, see Figure 2 The end of the second rocker arm 205 is provided with an internal fulcrum 210 that mates with the inner wall of the second drive groove 102 and an external fulcrum 211 that mates with the outer wall of the second drive groove 102. The end of the second rocker arm 205 forms the internal fulcrum 210 and the external fulcrum 211 by providing partial protrusions, and the internal fulcrum 210 and the external fulcrum 211 form an arc surface that mates with the groove wall of the second drive groove 102. When the lifting block 201 rises under the drive of the drive assembly, it drives the first rocker arm 204 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203. The outer fulcrum 211 of the second rocker arm 205 engages with the outer groove wall of the second drive groove 102, thereby causing the corresponding gripper 101 to open outward. When the lifting block 201 descends under the drive of the drive assembly, it drives the first rocker arm 204 to rotate around the rocker arm mounting base 203. The inner fulcrum 210 of the second rocker arm 205 engages with the inner groove wall of the second drive groove 102, thereby causing the corresponding gripper 101 to close inward. In this embodiment, by setting the inner fulcrum 210 and the outer fulcrum 211, the interference between the groove opening of the second drive groove 102 and the second rocker arm 205 can be reduced, and the swing range of the rocker arm component 202 can be increased.

[0038] It is understandable that the transmission connection between the gripper and the rocker arm component 202 can also be achieved by setting a drive groove in the second rocker arm and setting a drive protrusion at the bottom of the gripper that cooperates with the drive groove.

[0039] In some embodiments, the drive assembly is used to drive the lifting block 201 to rise and fall. The drive assembly may be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 The drive assembly includes a drive rod 212 with an outer helical groove. The lifting block 201 has a drive rod hole through which the drive rod 212 passes. The hole wall has inner helical teeth that engage with the outer helical groove. The drive rod 212 and the lifting block 201 form a screw-sleeve transmission structure. When the drive rod 212 rotates, it drives the lifting block 201 to rise and fall through the engagement of the outer helical groove and the inner helical teeth. Furthermore, the lever structure of the rocker arm component 202 synchronously opens and closes the gripper 101.

[0041] In some embodiments, see Figure 2The chuck 100 has an inner cavity 103, and the gripper drive mechanism 200 is disposed in the inner cavity 103. The bottom of the chuck 100 has an end cover 104 that closes the inner cavity 103. A drive rod 212 is mounted on the end cover 104 via a bearing seat. The drive rod 212 has a driven bevel gear 209. The chuck 100 has an operating rod 213 that extends radially into the inner cavity 103. The operating rod 213 has a driving bevel gear 214 that engages with the driven bevel gear 209. Through the engagement of the driven bevel gear 209 and the driving bevel gear 214, the axial length of the entire gripper drive mechanism can be reduced, the driving accuracy of the gripper can be improved, and back-loosening of the gripper can be prevented. The operating rod 213 can be driven by a handle or a motor. The operating rod 213 further drives the drive rod 212 to rotate via gear transmission. In this embodiment, the gripper drive mechanism 200 is disposed in the inner cavity 103 of the chuck 100 and is closed by the end cover 104. The chuck 100 and the clamping mechanism form an integral assembly, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly on the machine tool. At the same time, by providing the detachable end cover 104, it is convenient to disassemble and maintain the gripper drive mechanism 200.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The gripper 101 is provided with multi-level clamping surfaces 105, which are arranged in a stepped manner along the radial direction to meet the clamping requirements of workpieces of different sizes.

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 4 The side wall of the gripper 101 is provided with a guide groove 106, and the chuck 100 is provided with a guide tooth 107 that cooperates with the guide groove 106. The guide tooth 107 cooperates with the guide groove 106 of the gripper 101 to guide the gripper 101 to open and close.

[0044] An embodiment of this utility model also provides a machine tool, including the chuck fixture from any of the above embodiments.

[0045] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "example," "embodiment," or "some embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A chuck clamp, characterized in that, include: A chuck is provided with multiple jaws, and the chuck is provided with a guide structure that cooperates with the jaws, the guide structure extending radially along the chuck; A gripper drive mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the gripper. The gripper drive mechanism includes a drive assembly, a lifting block, and multiple rocker arm components corresponding to the gripper. The rocker arm components are hinged to a rocker arm mounting base, which is connected to the chuck. Each rocker arm component has a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm. The multiple rocker arm components are located on the outer periphery of the lifting block, and the first rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are all connected in a transmission engagement with the lifting block. The second rocker arms of the multiple rocker arm components are connected in a transmission engagement with the corresponding gripper. The drive assembly drives the lifting block to rise and fall, and drives the multiple grippers to move synchronously along the guide structure through the rocker arm components that rotate around the rocker arm mounting base.

2. The chuck clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the lifting block is provided with a plurality of first drive grooves corresponding to the rocker arm component, and the end of the first rocker arm of the rocker arm component is embedded in the first drive groove.

3. The chuck clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the first rocker arm is provided with a top fulcrum that engages with the top wall of the first drive groove and a bottom fulcrum that engages with the bottom wall of the first drive groove.

4. The chuck clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the gripper is provided with a second drive groove, and the end of the second rocker arm of the rocker arm component is embedded in the second drive groove corresponding to the gripper.

5. The chuck clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the second rocker arm is provided with an internal fulcrum that mates with the inner wall of the second drive groove and an external fulcrum that mates with the outer wall of the second drive groove.

6. The chuck clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive rod with an outer helical groove, the lifting block has a drive rod hole, the drive rod passes through the drive rod hole, and the hole wall of the drive rod hole has an inner helical tooth that engages with the outer helical groove.

7. The chuck clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chuck has an inner cavity, the gripper drive mechanism is disposed in the inner cavity, the bottom of the chuck is provided with an end cover that closes the inner cavity, the drive rod is mounted on the end cover through a bearing seat, the drive rod is provided with a driven bevel gear, the chuck is provided with an operating rod that extends radially into the inner cavity, and the operating rod is provided with a driving bevel gear that drives and cooperates with the driven bevel gear.

8. The chuck clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gripper has multiple clamping surfaces, which are arranged in a stepped manner along the radial direction.

9. The chuck clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the gripper is provided with a guide groove, and the chuck is provided with guide teeth that cooperate with the guide groove.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that, The chuck clamp includes any one of claims 1 to 9.

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