Battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery pack comprises a battery cell and a protection plate, the battery cell is provided with a safety valve, and electrolyte is arranged in the battery cell; the protection plate is opposite to the safety valve and is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the air holes allow air to pass through and block at least part of solids. The battery pack is used for achieving the effects of blocking eruption objects and improving the safety of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology and the continuous increase in energy demand, new energy transportation vehicles are developing rapidly. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in new energy transportation vehicles due to their advantages such as high cycle life, low weight, and no memory response.

[0003] However, when the energy inside a lithium-ion battery is released in an abnormal manner, thermal runaway occurs. During thermal runaway, a dramatic temperature rise occurs, and large amounts of flammable gases such as electrolyte vapor, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide are ejected, potentially even damaging internal electrode materials. This makes the battery highly susceptible to combustion when it comes into contact with oxygen. Furthermore, the ejected electrode materials are extremely hot; if they splash into the battery, they may ignite other materials or cause a short circuit, further inducing the spread of thermal runaway and seriously threatening human life and causing property damage.

[0004] The protection against battery thermal runaway is ineffective, and an effective method to control the ejected material during battery thermal runaway is needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a battery pack and electrical equipment to effectively control the thermal runaway ejection of battery materials.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, comprising:

[0007] The battery cell has a safety valve and contains an electrolyte.

[0008] A protective plate, opposite to the safety valve, is provided with multiple vent holes, which allow gas to pass through and block at least some solid matter.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes:

[0010] An adsorption element is disposed on the side of the protective plate facing the battery cell and opposite the safety valve. The adsorption element allows the gas to pass through and adsorbs the electrolyte.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes:

[0012] A heat insulation element is disposed between adjacent battery cells and connected to the protective plate.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the insulation material is ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel;

[0014] And / or, the adsorption element is bonded to the protective plate or the heat insulation element.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the adsorption element is made of ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel;

[0016] And / or, the adsorption element and the protective plate are bonded together.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the adsorption element is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the protective plate.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the protective plate is mesh-like, and the ventilation holes are mesh openings.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the diameter of the mesh is 1mm to 10mm, and the spacing between the mesh openings is 1mm to 10mm.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the protective plate is a mica plate or a vacuum insulation plate.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the battery pack described above.

[0022] The battery pack and electronic device provided in this application include a battery cell and a protective plate. The battery cell has a safety valve and contains electrolyte. The protective plate has multiple vent holes opposite to the safety valve, allowing gas to pass through while blocking at least some solid particles. By providing a protective plate with its vent holes opposite to the safety valve, ejected projectiles can be blocked to a certain extent, preventing large solid particles from entering. This reduces the damage caused by solid particles to nearby structures, preventing secondary damage to the battery pack interior, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and improving battery pack safety. Furthermore, the protective plate has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high operability, and good protective effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the battery module provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the battery module provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the battery module provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation component, adsorption component, and protective plate provided in this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 10-cell;

[0030] 11-Safety valve;

[0031] 20-Protective plate;

[0032] 21- Vent holes;

[0033] 30 - Adsorption element;

[0034] 40 - Thermal insulation.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] During battery thermal runaway, various materials within the cell undergo successive thermochemical reactions. The high-temperature, high-speed cell ejects gases and solids, which can severely damage the casing, surrounding cells, and internal battery materials. In related technologies, the ejected materials after thermal runaway are difficult to control, meaning it is challenging to effectively manage battery thermal runaway ejections.

[0038] Therefore, this application provides a battery pack and electrical equipment, in which a protective plate is opposite to a safety valve, and the protective plate has vent holes, which can block the ejected material after thermal runaway of the battery cell to a certain extent, block large solid particles, reduce the damage of solid particles to nearby structures, thereby preventing the ejected material from causing secondary damage to the inside of the battery pack, reducing the spread of thermal runaway of the battery pack, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0039] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This application provides an electrical device that can be an electric vehicle, electric train, electric bicycle, golf cart, mobile phone, portable device, laptop computer, electric toy, power tool, ship, etc. The electric vehicle includes pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles.

[0041] The aforementioned electrical equipment includes a battery pack, which stores and provides electrical energy. The battery pack may be, for example, a lithium-ion battery, which has high specific energy per cell and low internal resistance, resulting in good driving range.

[0042] See Figures 1 to 4 The battery pack specifically includes at least one battery cell 10. For example, the battery pack may include multiple battery cells 10 to improve the voltage, capacity, etc. of the battery pack and meet different power demands. These battery cells 10 can be integrated into battery modules and then formed into a battery pack, i.e., the battery pack is a CTM (Cell to Module) battery pack; these battery cells 10 can also be directly integrated into a battery pack, i.e., the battery pack is a CTP (Cell to Pack) battery pack.

[0043] The battery cell 10 can be cylindrical or rectangular. This application embodiment does not limit the shape of the battery cell 10 or the connection method (series, parallel, mixed connection) between the battery cells 10. The battery cell 10 has a safety valve 11, which is used to release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 is too high, to prevent the battery cell 10 from exploding or catching fire. The safety valve 11 can be located on the top or side of the battery cell 10 to prevent damage to other parts of the battery cell 10 when releasing pressure. The battery cell 10 also has tabs, which can be located on the same side as the safety valve 11.

[0044] The cell 10 is also filled with an electrolyte, which is used to charge and discharge the cell 10. The type of electrolyte is related to the type of cell 10. For example, the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is a mixture of an organic solvent (such as ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, etc.) and a lithium salt (such as lithium hexafluorophosphate, etc.). The cell 10 also has a casing to contain the electrolyte, etc. Electrodes, separators, etc. are also disposed inside the cell 10. The cell 10 can adopt an existing structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Continue reading Figures 1 to 4The battery pack also includes a protective plate 20, which is opposite to the safety valve 11. The protective plate 20 is provided with multiple vent holes 21, which allow gas to pass through and block at least some solid objects. The protective plate 20 can be disposed on at least one side of the battery cell 10 and adapted to the position of the safety valve 11, for example, the protective plate 20 is directly opposite the safety valve 11. Figure 3 As shown, part of the protective plate 20 is located directly above the safety valve 11.

[0046] In some possible examples, the safety valve 11 is disposed on top of the battery cell 10, and the protective plate 20 is correspondingly disposed above the battery cell 10. The protective plate 20 may also be opposite to multiple battery cells 10, i.e., a protective plate 20 is disposed on the same side of multiple battery cells 10. In other possible examples, the protective plate 20 may also cover the battery cells 10, i.e., the battery cells 10 are disposed inside the protective plate 20, for example, the protective plate 20 covers all battery cells 10.

[0047] The protective plate 20 has multiple vent holes 21. When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, its safety valve 11 ejects various ejected materials. The vent holes 21 of the protective plate 20 are opposite to the safety valve 11, which can partially block the ejected materials, preventing large solid particles, such as high-temperature electrode materials, from entering. This reduces the damage caused by solid materials to nearby structures, preventing secondary damage to the battery pack's interior, reducing the spread of thermal runaway, and improving battery pack safety. Furthermore, the protective plate 20 has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high operability, and good protective effect.

[0048] Multiple vents 21 can be arranged in a regular pattern, for example, the vents 21 can be evenly distributed in a rectangular array on the protective plate 20. Alternatively, there may be more vents 21 directly above the safety valve 11 and fewer vents 21 on the sides of the safety valve 11. The vents 21 penetrate the protective plate 20, allowing gas to pass through while blocking at least some solid objects. In this way, gas generated by thermal runaway can pass through the vents into the protective plate 20, while larger solid objects have difficulty passing through the vents 21 and are thus blocked on one side of the protective plate 20.

[0049] The shape of the vent 21 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc. The size of the vent 21 is determined according to the structure and size of the battery cell 10. The larger the size of the vent 21, the larger the size of the solid object that can pass through, and the worse the barrier effect. The smaller the size of the vent 21, the smaller the size of the solid object that can pass through, and the worse the air permeability. Multiple vents 21 can have the same shape and size or different shapes as needed.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, the protective plate 20 is mesh-like, and the ventilation holes 21 are mesh openings. The protective plate 20 forms a mesh plate, which facilitates processing and fixing. In the above embodiments, the diameter of the mesh openings is 1mm to 10mm, and the spacing between the mesh openings is 1mm to 10mm. When the mesh openings are circular, the diameter of the mesh openings is the diameter of the circle; when the mesh openings are of other shapes, the diameter of the mesh openings is the equivalent diameter.

[0051] To achieve the blocking function of the protective plate 20, the protective plate 20 is made of mica board or vacuum insulation board. This gives the protective plate 20 a certain degree of rigidity and thermal insulation performance; that is, the material of the protective plate 20 is a rigid thermal insulation material. The specific material of the protective plate 20 is not limited and can be selected according to needs.

[0052] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery pack also includes an adsorption element 30, which is disposed on the side of the protective plate 20 facing the battery cell 10 and opposite the safety valve 11. The adsorption element 30 allows gas to pass through and adsorbs electrolyte. By setting up the adsorption element 30, gas can pass through and electrolyte vapor can be liquefied and adhered to the adsorption element 30, thereby reducing the concentration of combustible gas and minimizing damage to the battery pack.

[0053] In some possible examples, the absorbent 30 is made of ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel, and the absorbent 30 can be, for example, in a mesh-like form. This design allows the absorbent 30 to be breathable, enabling gas to pass through, while also incorporating air pockets (such as air gaps or mesh openings) to reduce its thermal conductivity, improve its insulation performance, and allow for better adhesion of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the insulation element 40 is flexible, allowing it to deform to some extent with the ejected material, thereby reducing impact.

[0054] In some possible examples, the adsorption component 30 and the protective plate 20 are bonded together, for example, by using a high-temperature resistant adhesive, to achieve a tight fit and relative fixation between the adsorption component 30 and the protective plate 20. The adhesive is high-temperature resistant and can maintain the bond between the adsorption component 30 and the protective plate 20 even in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, preventing the adsorption component 30 and the protective plate 20 from falling apart.

[0055] In this design, the adsorbent 30 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the protective plate 20, and its shape and size are identical to those of the protective plate 20. This allows the adsorbent 30 to cover the entire surface of the protective plate 20 facing the battery cell 10, increasing its surface area and thus increasing the amount of electrolyte that can be adsorbed, thereby reducing the concentration of flammable gases. In other examples, the adsorbent 30 may also cover a portion of the surface of the protective plate 20. For instance, multiple adsorbents 30 may be provided, each facing a safety valve 11.

[0056] To further reduce damage to adjacent cells 10 from ejected material, in some possible examples, the battery pack also includes a heat insulation element 40 disposed between adjacent cells 10 and connected to the protective plate 20. The adsorption element 30 can also be bonded to the insulating adhesive on the tab surface of the cell 10 using high-temperature resistant adhesive, further reducing displacement of the protective element after impact.

[0057] In this design, the surface of the heat insulation component 40 facing the protective plate 20 is higher than the surface of the battery cell 10 facing the protective plate 20. For example, the surface of the heat insulation component 40 facing the protective plate 20 is the top surface of the heat insulation component 40, and the surface of the battery cell 10 facing the protective plate 20 is for example the top surface of the safety valve 11. That is, the heat insulation component 40 extends beyond the battery cell 10. By connecting the heat insulation component 40 to the protective plate 20, the protective plate 20 can be prevented from shifting due to severe impact after thermal runaway of the battery cell 10.

[0058] It is understandable that the heat insulation component 40 can be directly fixed to the protective plate 20, meaning the heat insulation component 40 contacts the protective plate 20 and is relatively fixed to it. For example, the heat insulation component 40 and the protective plate 20 can be in contact and bonded together with high-temperature resistant adhesive. The heat insulation component 40 can also be indirectly fixed to the protective plate 20, meaning the heat insulation component 40 contacts the adsorption component 30 and is relatively fixed to it, and the adsorption component 30 is relatively fixed to the protective plate 20. For example, the heat insulation component 40 and the adsorption component 30 can be in contact and bonded together with high-temperature resistant adhesive, and the adsorption component 30 and the protective plate 20 can be in contact and bonded together with high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0059] In some possible implementations, the insulation element 40 is made of ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel, which can reduce heat conduction between adjacent cells 10 and reduce the ejection of material from the inside of a thermally runaway cell 10 to surrounding cells 10.

[0060] The battery pack and electronic device provided in this application embodiment include a battery cell 10 and a protective plate 20. The battery cell 10 has a safety valve 11 and contains electrolyte. The protective plate 20 is opposite to the safety valve 11 and has multiple vent holes 21 for gas passage and to block at least some solid particles. By providing a protective plate 20 opposite to the safety valve 11 and having vent holes 21, the ejected material can be blocked to a certain extent, preventing large solid particles from entering. This reduces the damage to nearby structures caused by solid particles generated during thermal runaway, thereby preventing secondary damage to the battery pack interior, reducing the spread of thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the battery pack. Furthermore, the protective plate 20 has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high operability, and good protective effect.

[0061] The embodiments or implementation methods described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. In this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with an embodiment or example that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of this utility model will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility model disclosed herein. This utility model is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this utility model that follow the general principles of this utility model and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery cell has a safety valve and contains an electrolyte. A protective plate, opposite to the safety valve, is provided with multiple vent holes, which allow gas to pass through and block at least some solid matter.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes: An adsorption element is disposed on the side of the protective plate facing the battery cell and opposite the safety valve. The adsorption element allows the gas to pass through and adsorbs the electrolyte.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes: A heat insulation element is disposed between adjacent battery cells and connected to the protective plate.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulation material is ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel; And / or, the adsorption element is bonded to the protective plate or the heat insulation element.

5. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the adsorption element is ceramic fiber cotton or aerogel; And / or, the adsorption element and the protective plate are bonded together.

6. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adsorption element is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the protective plate.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The protective plate is mesh-like, and the ventilation holes are mesh openings.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the mesh is 1mm to 10mm, and the spacing between the mesh openings is 1mm to 10mm.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The protective panel is a mica panel or a vacuum insulation panel.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images