Press fitting structure for switch element on circuit board and circuit board

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of circuit boards, and provides a press-fitting structure for a switch element on a circuit board and the circuit board, and the press-fitting structure comprises a body, a first side part, a second side part, a third side part and a fourth side part, three pressing parts are arranged on the peripheries of the first side part, the second side part, the third side part and the fourth side part at equal intervals; the end, away from the body, of each pressing part is not provided with a blocking structure, and each pressing part corresponds to one switch element and abuts against the switch element. Compared with the prior art, the press-fitting structure has the advantages that the twelve pressing parts are distributed on the lower cover plate along the circumferential direction of the lower cover plate, each pressing part corresponds to one switch element, and when the press-fitting structure moves relative to the circuit board body, twelve switch elements can be adjusted at the same time, so that the adjusting efficiency of the switch elements on the circuit board body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of circuit board technology, specifically relating to a press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board and a circuit board. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power electronic devices, IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) are core switching components, and their installation stability and heat dissipation efficiency directly affect equipment performance.

[0003] In traditional IGBT press-fit technology, the switching element is inserted into the back of the circuit board by bending the pins. Since the pins form an angle with the switch body, a pressure plate is needed to adjust the gap angle between the pins and the circuit board to ensure full contact with the heat sink.

[0004] Traditional pressure plates use a single-unit structure, and a single pressure plate can only accommodate 1-2 IGBTs. When multiple IGBTs are integrated on the circuit board, each pressure plate needs to be adjusted with screws one by one, which results in time-consuming installation and cannot guarantee the consistency of the angles of multiple devices. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board and a circuit board, in view of the current state of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board is proposed, comprising:

[0007] The body comprises a main body and four adjacent, sequentially arranged side portions around its periphery. Each of the first, second, third, and fourth side portions has three pressing portions spaced at intervals around its outer periphery.

[0008] Each of the pressing parts has no obstruction structure at the end away from the body, and each of the pressing parts corresponds to one of the switching elements and abuts against the switching element;

[0009] When the main body moves, it causes the pressing part to adjust the posture of the switching element.

[0010] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for a switching element on a circuit board, the switching element includes a switch body and pins, the switch body and the pins being arranged at an angle, and the body further includes:

[0011] A detachable upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, forming an installation space between them, with the pressing part disposed on the lower cover plate;

[0012] A pressure plate located in the installation space is provided with elastic pressure feet corresponding to the pressing part, and the elastic pressure feet are embedded in the cavity of the pressing part;

[0013] A reinforcing plate is disposed within the mounting space and abuts against the pressure plate;

[0014] The pressing part can drive the angle between the switch body and the pin to widen due to the pushing force on the body in the direction pointing from the body to the switch element, and cause the elastic pressing foot to be compressed by force.

[0015] The first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side have the same length.

[0016] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for a switching element on a circuit board, a connecting portion is provided on the press plate, and mounting holes for the connecting portion to communicate with the outside are provided on both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The connecting portion is used to connect with a connecting piece that drives the press-fit structure to switch between the elastic compression state and the extension state.

[0017] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for a switch element on a circuit board, the pressing part is provided with an arc surface, and the shape of the elastic pressing foot is adapted to the arc surface and abuts against the arc surface, so as to drive the elastic pressing foot into a compressed state when switching to the elastic compression state.

[0018] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board, a plurality of hooks are distributed circumferentially along one end of the upper cover plate facing the lower cover plate. The hooks abut against the end face of the lower cover plate to connect the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.

[0019] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board, multiple snap covers are provided at intervals on both sides of the upper cover plate. The snap covers correspond one-to-one with the pressing portions on both sides of the lower cover plate, and the snap covers are fastened to the outside of the pressing portions.

[0020] In the aforementioned press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board, the lower cover plate is provided with four mounting portions along its circumference, and each mounting portion has three pressing portions evenly spaced.

[0021] This utility model also provides a circuit board to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, comprising:

[0022] The circuit board body, wherein the switching element is fixed to the circuit board body via the pin;

[0023] The above-mentioned press-fit structure for a switch element on a circuit board is detachably connected to the circuit board body and located between the switch body and the circuit board body;

[0024] A heat sink is located on the side of the switch body away from the circuit board body and abuts against the switch body; wherein,

[0025] When the press-fit structure switches between the elastic compression state and the extended state, it is used to adjust the contact area between the switch body and the heat sink.

[0026] In one of the circuit boards described above, the heat sink is provided with a connection hole. One end of the connector passes through the connection part and is connected to the connection hole. The other end of the connector is pressed against the pressure plate. When the depth of the connector inserted into the connection hole is adjusted, it is used to drive the press-fit structure to switch between the elastic compression state and the extension state. The connection hole is a threaded hole, and the connector is a bolt corresponding to the connection hole.

[0027] In one of the circuit boards described above, a sleeve is provided on the upper cover plate, the sleeve penetrating the circuit board body to provide positioning between the upper cover plate and the circuit board, and to allow the connector to pass through.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) By arranging twelve pressing parts on the four sides of the main body, and each pressing part corresponds to a switching element, the posture of the twelve switching elements can be adjusted simultaneously when the pressing structure moves relative to the circuit board body, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the switching elements on the circuit board body.

[0030] (2) By setting a connecting part on the pressure plate and communicating with the outside, the pressure structure can be easily switched between elastic compression state and extension state through the connecting part, which improves the ease of operation and efficiency.

[0031] (3) The inner part of the pressing part is designed with an arc surface, which, together with the elastic pressing foot, can provide a more stable pressure distribution when switching states, avoid local stress concentration, and protect the switching elements from damage. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a press-fit structure for a switch element on a circuit board and its connection to the switch element.

[0033] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the press-fit structure.

[0034] Figure 3This is a perspective view of a circuit board according to this utility model.

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The sectional view in the image.

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0037] In the diagram, 100 is the circuit board body; 200 is the press-fit structure; 210 is the upper cover plate; 211 is the hook; 212 is the snap cover; 213 is the sleeve; 220 is the lower cover plate; 230 is the pressure plate; 231 is the elastic pressure foot; 232 is the connecting part; 240 is the pressing part; 241 is the curved surface; 300 is the heat sink; 310 is the connecting hole; 400 is the switching element; 410 is the switch body; and 420 is the pin. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0039] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board, comprising a body.

[0041] Specifically, three pressing portions 240 are arranged at intervals around the outer periphery of the first, second, third, and fourth sides of the main body, which are sequentially adjacent to each other. The lengths of the first, second, third, and fourth sides are the same. Each pressing portion 240 has no obstruction structure at its end away from the main body, and each pressing portion 240 corresponds to a switching element and abuts against the switching element 400. When the main body moves, the pressing portions 240 adjust the posture of the switching element 400.

[0042] During installation, the pressing part abuts against the switching element 400. When the main body is pushed toward the switching element 400, a total of twelve pressing parts on the first, second, third, and fourth sides of the main body simultaneously push the switching element 400, so that the twelve switching elements 400 adjust their posture synchronously.

[0043] In this solution, one press-fit structure 200 can correspond to twelve switching elements 400. Placing these switching elements 400 in a centralized manner can optimize the circuit board wiring (reduce stray inductance and improve current distribution). Compared with a distributed layout, a centralized layout can reduce the circuit board area occupied by the switching elements 400. Furthermore, each pressing part 240 has no obstruction structure at the end away from the main body, which can effectively reduce the volume of the press-fit structure and lower its manufacturing cost.

[0044] The reason for setting twelve pressing sections 240 is that the inverter topology circuit on the printed circuit board is a three-phase bridge, with exactly twelve switching elements 400 in each bridge. Compared to existing technologies, this arrangement reduces the space occupied by components on the circuit board, making it easier to make the printed circuit board smaller. Compared to the three-arm or two-arm topologies commonly used in inverters or printed circuit boards, a module with twelve pins has advantages over modules with other numbers of pins (such as fourteen) while maintaining the same applicability (smaller size and lower cost).

[0045] Furthermore, in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the press-fit structure with 12 pressing parts 240 is more versatile than other press-fit structures. The three-phase bridge inverter circuit has three bridges, each with two arms. Researchers can configure the number of switching elements 400 on each arm according to product characteristics. Each arm has the same number of switching elements 400. For example, the inverter circuit in the technical solution described above has 3 bridges, 12 switching elements per bridge, and 6 switching elements per arm. Researchers can adjust the number of switching elements 400 on each arm according to the required current of the product.

[0046] In a three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the number of switching elements 400 on the bridge arm may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc., corresponding to a total number of switching elements 400 in the three-phase bridge of 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, etc.

[0047] For a press-fit structure with 12 pressing parts 240, one press-fit structure can be used for cases where the total number of switching elements 400 is 6 or 12, two press-fit structures can be used for cases where the total number of switching elements 400 is 18 or 24, three press-fit structures can be used for cases where the total number of switching elements is 30 or 36, and so on.

[0048] However, for a press-fit structure with 14 pressing parts 240, there will always be extra empty spaces when the total number of switching elements 40 is 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, or 36, resulting in waste. Moreover, the extra volume of the press-fit structure makes it difficult to further reduce the volume occupied by the circuit board, thus failing to reduce costs.

[0049] The aforementioned switch element 400 has a switch body 410 and pins 420, which are arranged at an angle. The body also includes an upper cover plate 210, a lower cover plate 220, a pressure plate 230, and a reinforcing plate 250.

[0050] Specifically, the upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220 are detachably connected, forming an installation space between them after connection. Twelve pressing parts 240 are disposed on the lower cover plate 220 and distributed circumferentially along the lower cover plate 220. A reinforcing plate 250 is disposed within the installation space and abuts against the pressure plate 230 to reinforce the structure of the pressure plate 230. Each pressing part 240 corresponds to a switching element 400 and abuts against the switch body 410. The pressure plate 230 is fixed within the installation space and has elastic pressing feet 231 corresponding to each pressing part 240. The elastic pressing feet 231 are embedded in the cavity of the pressing part 240. The pressing part 240 can be driven to increase the angle between the switch body 410 and the pin 420 due to the thrust applied to its body in the direction pointing towards the switching element 400, and the elastic pressing feet 231 can be compressed.

[0051] During installation, the switching element 400 is soldered to the circuit board body 100 via pins 420. In this design, the press-fit structure 200 is located between the switch body 410 of the switching element 400 and the circuit board body 100, with the switch body 410 in close contact with the pressing part 240. Initially, the pressing part 240 is pressed tightly against the switch body 410, at which point there is a certain elastic deformation between the switch body 410 and the pins 420. However, under the action of the pressing part 240, a stable angle is maintained between the switch body 410 and the pins 420, and the elastic pressure foot 231 within the pressing part 240 is also in a compressed state.

[0052] When the press-fit structure 200 is adjusted toward the switch body 410, the elastic foot 231 in the pressing part 240 undergoes elastic deformation and applies force to the pressing part 240, causing it to push the switch body 410 to make a slight adjustment relative to the pin 420, thereby increasing the angle between the switch body 410 and the pin 420.

[0053] Furthermore, since the lower cover plate 220 has twelve pressing parts 240 distributed along its circumference, and each pressing part 240 corresponds to a switching element 400, when the press-fit structure 200 moves relative to the circuit board body 100, the twelve switching elements 400 can be adjusted simultaneously, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the switching elements 400 on the circuit board body 100.

[0054] The upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220 are preferably square in design and are preferably integrally molded using injection molding, while the pressure plate 230 is preferably made of metal. The upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220 constitute the external frame of the press-fit structure 200. The upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220, made of plastic, wrap the metal pressure plate 230 instead of choosing an integral metal structure, in order to avoid the risk of leakage of the circuit board on which this press-fit structure 200 is mounted; and the entire press-fit structure 200 is not made entirely of plastic because the rigidity of an all-plastic molded structure is insufficient, and the fixing effect on the switching element 400 is not good.

[0055] It is worth noting that the pressure plate 230 is provided with a connecting part 232, and the upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220 are both provided with mounting holes for the connecting part 232 to communicate with the outside. The connecting part 232 is used to connect with the connecting piece that drives the pressing structure 200 to switch between the elastic compression state and the extension state.

[0056] In this solution, by providing a connecting part 232 on the pressure plate 230 and communicating with the outside, the pressure structure 200 can be easily switched between the elastic compression state and the extension state through the connecting part, which improves the ease of operation and efficiency.

[0057] In this design, the pressing part 240 is provided with an arc surface 241, and the shape of the elastic pressing foot 231 is adapted to the arc surface 241 and abuts against the arc surface 241, so as to drive the elastic pressing foot 231 into a compressed state when switching to the elastic compression state.

[0058] The pressing part 240 features an arc surface 241, which, in conjunction with the elastic pressure foot 231, provides a more stable pressure distribution during switching, avoiding localized stress concentration and protecting the switching element 400 from damage. Furthermore, the structure of the elastic pressure foot 231 and the arc surface 241, which are adapted to each other, allows the pressing part 240 to more easily deform elastically when subjected to the force of the switch body 410, making it easier to adjust the angle between the switch body 410 and the pin 420.

[0059] Furthermore, multiple hooks 211 are distributed circumferentially around the end of the upper cover plate 210 facing the lower cover plate 220. The hooks 211 abut against the end face of the lower cover plate 220 to connect the upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220. The design of the hooks 211 enables a quick and reliable connection between the upper cover plate 210 and the lower cover plate 220, enhancing the stability and durability of the overall structure.

[0060] In this design, multiple snap covers 212 are provided at intervals on both sides of the upper cover plate 210. The snap covers 212 correspond one-to-one with the pressing parts 240 on both sides of the lower cover plate 220, and the snap covers 212 are fastened to the outside of the pressing parts 240. The design of the snap covers 212 not only helps to tightly connect the upper and lower cover plates 220, but also provides additional protection for the pressing parts 240 to prevent damage caused by external factors.

[0061] Preferably, the lower cover plate 220 has four mounting portions along its circumference, and each mounting portion has three pressing portions 240 evenly spaced. This layout optimizes the force distribution, ensures the consistency of pressure applied to the twelve switching elements 400, and improves the overall performance.

[0062] This solution also proposes a circuit board, including: a circuit board body 100, a press-fit structure 200, and a heat sink 300.

[0063] Specifically, the switching element 400 is fixed to the circuit board body 100 via pins 420; the press-fit structure 200 is detachably connected to the circuit board body 100 and is located between the switch body 410 and the circuit board body 100; the heat sink 300 is located on the side of the switch body 410 away from the circuit board body 100 and abuts against the switch body 410; wherein, when the press-fit structure 200 switches between an elastic compressed state and an extended state, it is used to adjust the contact area between the switch body 410 and the heat sink 300.

[0064] In this solution, the application of heat sink 300 effectively improves the working stability and heat dissipation efficiency of switching element 400, while facilitating maintenance and adjustment, providing strong support for high-performance electronic equipment.

[0065] Furthermore, the heat sink 300 is provided with a connection hole 310. One end of the connector passes through the connection part 232 and is connected to the connection hole 310. The other end of the connector is pressed against the pressure plate 230. When the depth of the connector inserted into the connection hole 310 is adjusted, it is used to drive the press-fit structure 200 to switch between an elastic compression state and an extension state.

[0066] The preferred connector in this design is a bolt, and the preferred connection hole 310 is a threaded hole. The bolt head abuts against the pressure plate 230. (Refer to...) Figure 5When the bolt is screwed deeper into the threaded hole, the bolt head forces the press-fit structure 200 to move towards the heat sink 300. At this time, the force between the pressing part 240 and the switch body 410 increases, the angle between the switch body 410 and the pin 420 increases, and the elastic pressure foot 231 inside the pressing part 240 undergoes elastic deformation. Conversely, when the bolt is screwed deeper into the threaded hole, the force between the pressing part 240 and the switch body 410 decreases, and the angle between the switch body 410 and the pin 420 also decreases. Both of these adjustment methods aim to ensure more sufficient contact between the switch body 410 and the heat sink 300, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the switching element 400.

[0067] In this design, a sleeve 213 is provided on the upper cover plate 210. The sleeve 213 penetrates the circuit board body 100 to provide positioning between the upper cover plate 210 and the circuit board, and to allow the connector to pass through.

[0068] The design of sleeve 213 not only provides accurate positioning between the top cover 210 and the circuit board, but also provides a channel for the connector to pass through, simplifying the assembly process and improving assembly accuracy.

[0069] It should be noted that in this invention, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0071] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board, characterized in that, include: The body comprises a main body and four adjacent, sequentially arranged side portions (first, second, third, and fourth), each with three pressing portions (240) spaced at intervals around its outer periphery; wherein, Each of the pressing parts (240) has no obstruction structure at the end away from the body, and each of the pressing parts (240) corresponds to one of the switching elements and abuts against the switching element (400); When the main body moves, it drives the pressing part (240) to adjust the posture of the switching element (400).

2. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching element includes a switch body (410) and a pin (420), wherein the switch body (410) and the pin (420) are arranged at an angle, and the body further includes: The upper cover plate (210) and the lower cover plate (220) are detachably connected, forming an installation space between them, and the pressing part (240) is provided on the lower cover plate (220); A pressure plate (230) located in the installation space is provided with an elastic pressure foot (231) corresponding to the pressing part (240), and the elastic pressure foot (231) is embedded in the cavity of the pressing part (240); A reinforcing plate (250) is disposed within the mounting space and abuts against the pressure plate (230); The pressing part (240) can drive the angle between the switch body (410) and the pin (420) to widen due to the thrust on the body in the direction pointing from the body to the switch element (400), and cause the elastic foot (231) to be compressed; the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth side have the same length.

3. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure plate (230) is provided with a connecting part (232), and the upper cover plate (210) and the lower cover plate (220) are both provided with mounting holes for the connecting part (232) to communicate with the outside. The connecting part (232) is used to connect with a connecting piece that drives the press-fit structure (200) to switch between an elastic compression state and an extension state.

4. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing part (240) is provided with an arc surface (241). The shape of the elastic foot (231) is adapted to the arc surface (241) and abuts against the arc surface (241) to drive the elastic foot (231) into a compressed state when switching to the elastic compression state.

5. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The upper cover plate (210) has a plurality of hooks (211) spaced apart around the circumference of the lower cover plate (220) at one end facing the lower cover plate (220). The hooks (211) abut against the end face of the lower cover plate (220) to connect the upper cover plate (210) and the lower cover plate (220).

6. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple snap covers (212) are provided at intervals on both sides of the upper cover plate (210). The snap covers (212) correspond one-to-one with the pressing parts (240) on both sides of the lower cover plate (220), and the snap covers (212) are fastened to the outside of the pressing parts (240).

7. The press-fit structure for switching elements on a circuit board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower cover plate (220) is provided with four mounting parts along its circumference, and each mounting part is provided with three pressing parts (240) evenly spaced.

8. A circuit board, characterized in that, include: The circuit board body (100) has the switching element (400) fixed on the circuit board body (100) via the pin (420); A press-fit structure for a switch element on a circuit board as described in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the press-fit structure (200) is detachably connected to the circuit board body (100) and located between the switch body (410) and the circuit board body (100); A heat sink (300) is located on the side of the switch body (410) away from the circuit board body (100) and abuts against the switch body (410); wherein, When the press-fit structure (200) switches between the elastic compression state and the extension state, it is used to adjust the contact area between the switch body (410) and the heat sink (300).

9. A circuit board as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The heat sink (300) is provided with a connection hole (310). One end of the connector passes through the connecting part (232) and is connected to the connection hole (310). The other end of the connector is pressed against the pressure plate (230). When the depth of the connector inserted into the connection hole (310) is adjusted, it is used to drive the press-fit structure (200) to switch between the elastic compression state and the extension state. The connection hole (310) is a threaded hole, and the connector is a bolt corresponding to the connection hole (310).

10. A circuit board as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A sleeve (213) is provided on the upper cover plate (210), the sleeve (213) passing through the circuit board body (100) to provide positioning between the upper cover plate (210) and the circuit board, and to allow the connector to pass through.

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