Multi-component separation distillation tower

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical separation equipment, and provides a multi-component separation distillation tower, which comprises a distillation tower body, a plurality of layers of support rings are arranged in the distillation tower body, the top of each support ring is respectively provided with a structured packing layer and a random packing layer, the structured packing layer is positioned at the top of the random packing layer, and the random packing layer is positioned at the bottom of the structured packing layer. The specific surface area of each section of the structured packing layer on each supporting ring is gradually increased layer by layer from top to bottom, and the porosity of the random packing layer is gradually decreased layer by layer from top to bottom; a condenser is arranged at the top of the distillation tower body, the distillation tower body is connected with the condenser through a pipeline, a reboiler is arranged at the bottom of the distillation tower body, and the reboiler is connected with the distillation tower body through a pipeline; according to the distillation tower disclosed by the utility model, a plurality of layers of fillers are arranged in the distillation tower, so that high-carbon alcohol can be separated at different degrees, and the separation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of chemical separation equipment technology, specifically a multi-component separation distillation tower. Background Technology

[0002] Higher alcohols, also known as higher fatty alcohols or higher alcohols, are a class of alcohol compounds containing relatively long carbon chains. They usually refer to alcohols with a carbon chain length of more than 6 carbon atoms. Higher alcohols are important raw materials for plasticizers, surfactants, lubricants, etc. Their production usually involves the catalytic reaction of syngas to produce mixed alcohols, which are then purified by distillation. Due to the complex composition of mixed alcohols and their similar boiling points, separation is difficult. Traditional distillation columns suffer from problems such as low separation efficiency, high energy consumption, and unsatisfactory product purity.

[0003] Existing technologies include multi-component separation distillation columns, which obtain different higher alcohols through multiple distillations within the column. However, most existing distillation processes use a single packing material, which may result in low mass transfer efficiency and thus affect the distillation effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a multi-component separation distillation column to solve the problems in the prior art where unreasonable packing distribution affects the separation effect.

[0005] A multi-component separation distillation column includes a distillation column body, the interior of which is provided with multiple support rings. Each support ring is provided with a structured packing layer and a random packing layer on its top. The structured packing layer is located on top of the random packing layer, and the specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer on each support ring increases from top to bottom, while the porosity of the random packing layer decreases from top to bottom.

[0006] The top of the distillation column is equipped with a condenser, and the distillation column is connected to the condenser through a pipeline. The bottom of the distillation column is equipped with a reboiler, and the reboiler is connected to the distillation column through a pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, a compression heat pump is provided on one side of the distillation column, and a feed pipe is provided on one side of the compression heat pump. A delivery pipe is installed between the compression heat pump and the distillation column, and the delivery pipe extends into the interior of the distillation column. The delivery pipe is provided with spaced branch pipes inside the distillation column, and the branch pipes are interconnected with the delivery pipe. Each branch pipe is provided with spaced nozzles.

[0008] Preferably, the support ring has a metal mesh inside, and the random packing layer is located on top of the metal mesh.

[0009] Preferably, the number of structured packing layers and random packing layers inside the distillation column is three. The top of the distillation column is provided with a sealing cover plate with a sealed connection. The condenser is installed on the sealing cover plate. One side of the condenser is provided with a discharge pipe, and the other side of the condenser is provided with a reflux pipe. The other end of the reflux pipe is connected to the body of the distillation column.

[0010] Preferably, a side-stream sampling pipe is provided on the outer wall of the distillation column. The side-stream sampling pipe is located between the second layer of structured packing and the third layer of structured packing. A component analyzer with an external power supply is connected to the side-stream sampling pipe, and the detection probe of the component analyzer extends into the side-stream sampling pipe.

[0011] Preferably, an interconnecting pipeline is provided between the reboiler and the distillation column body, a second reflux pipe is provided on one side of the reboiler, the other end of the second reflux pipe is connected to the column body, a second discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the distillation column body, and support plates are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the distillation column body.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This utility model features a multi-layered support ring inside the distillation column. Each support ring contains a structured packing layer and a random packing layer. The structured packing layer is composed of corrugated metal wire mesh packing, while the random packing layer is composed of improved rectangular saddle rings. The specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer increases from top to bottom, while the porosity of the random packing layer decreases from top to bottom. Higher alcohols enter between the second and third layers. The lighter components with lower boiling points easily vaporize and flow upwards, while the heavier components with higher boiling points condense into liquid and flow downwards. The multi-layered packing inside the column increases the gas-liquid contact area, helping to better separate the lighter and heavier components, thereby improving the efficiency of multi-component separation of higher alcohols. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall multi-component separation distillation tower component structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the distillation tower of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of components such as the structured packing layer and the random packing layer of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the delivery pipe and nozzle of this utility model.

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1. Distillation column body; 2. Support ring; 3. Structured packing layer; 4. Random packing layer; 5. Condenser; 6. Reboiler; 7. Compression heat pump; 8. Feed pipe; 9. Delivery pipe; 10. Branch pipe; 11. Nozzle; 12. Metal mesh; 13. Sealing cover plate; 14. Discharge pipe one; 15. Reflux pipe one; 16. Side stream sampling pipe; 17. Component analyzer; 18. Interconnecting pipelines; 19. Reflux pipe two; 20. Discharge pipe two; 21. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0021] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown:

[0022] Example 1: This utility model provides a multi-component separation distillation column, including a distillation column body 1. The interior of the distillation column body 1 is provided with multiple support rings 2. Each support ring 2 is provided with a structured packing layer 3 and a random packing layer 4 on its top. The structured packing layer 3 is located on top of the random packing layer 4. The specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer 3 on each support ring 2 increases from top to bottom, and the porosity of the random packing layer 4 decreases from top to bottom.

[0023] A condenser 5 is provided at the top of the distillation column 1, and the distillation column 1 and the condenser 5 are connected by a pipeline. A reboiler 6 is provided at the bottom of the distillation column 1, and the reboiler 6 is connected to the distillation column 1 by a pipeline.

[0024] It should be noted that by providing multiple layers of support rings 2 inside the distillation column 1, and setting a structured packing layer 3 and a random packing layer 4 on each support ring 2, the structured packing layer 3 is composed of metal wire mesh corrugated packing, and the random packing layer 4 is composed of improved rectangular saddle rings. The specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer 3 increases from top to bottom, and the porosity of the random packing layer 4 decreases from top to bottom. Higher alcohols enter from between the second and third layers. The lighter components with lower boiling points are easily vaporized and flow upward, while the heavier components with higher boiling points condense into liquid and flow downward. The multiple layers of packing inside the column increase the gas-liquid contact area, helping to better separate the light and heavy components, thereby improving the efficiency of multi-component separation of higher alcohols.

[0025] In this embodiment, a compression heat pump 7 is provided on one side of the distillation tower body 1, and a feed pipe 8 is provided on one side of the compression heat pump 7. A conveying pipe 9 is installed between the compression heat pump 7 and the distillation tower body 1. The conveying pipe 9 extends into the interior of the distillation tower body 1. The conveying pipe 9 is provided with spaced branch pipes 10 inside the distillation tower body 1. The branch pipes 10 are interconnected with the conveying pipe 9. Each branch pipe 10 is provided with spaced nozzles 11.

[0026] It should be noted that by providing a compression heat pump 7 on one side of the distillation column 1, and a feed pipe 8 on one side of the compression heat pump 7, the mixed alcohol enters the compression heat pump 7 from the feed pipe 8. The compression heat pump 7 can heat the alcohol. On the one hand, the viscosity decreases after heating, and the liquid phase is more easily distributed evenly on the packing surface, improving the mass transfer efficiency. On the other hand, after heating, the light components are more easily vaporized and separated from the heavy components, improving the separation accuracy.

[0027] In this embodiment, the support ring 2 is provided with a metal mesh 12 inside, and the random packing layer 4 is located on top of the metal mesh 12.

[0028] It should be noted that by setting a metal mesh 12 inside the support ring 2, the random packing layer 4 is distributed on top of the metal mesh 12, which can effectively prevent the packing from falling off.

[0029] In this embodiment, the number of regular packing layer 3 and random packing layer 4 inside the distillation column body 1 is three. The top of the distillation column is provided with a sealing cover plate 13 with a sealing connection. The condenser 5 is installed on the sealing cover plate 13. One side of the condenser 5 is provided with a discharge pipe 14, and the other side of the condenser 5 is provided with a reflux pipe 15. The other end of the reflux pipe 15 is connected to the inside of the distillation column body 1.

[0030] It should be noted that the condenser 5 is installed at the top of the distillation column 1 and is connected to the outlet of the distillation column 1 through a gas phase pipeline. After the gas enters the condenser 5 from the top of the column, it exchanges heat with the cooling medium and condenses into liquid. Part of the liquid flows back into the column through the reflux pipe 15, and part of the liquid is collected as product through the discharge pipe 14.

[0031] In this embodiment, a side-stream sampling pipe 16 is provided on the outer wall of the distillation column. The side-stream sampling pipe 16 is located between the second layer of structured packing 3 and the third layer of structured packing 3. A component analyzer 17 with an external power supply is connected to the side-stream sampling pipe 16. The detection probe of the component analyzer 17 extends into the side-stream sampling pipe 16.

[0032] It should be noted that by setting a side-line extraction pipe 16 between the second layer of structured packing 3 and the third layer of structured packing 3, the liquid phase in the tower flows downward under the action of gravity. When passing through the packing layer, it undergoes mass and heat transfer with the rising gas phase, and the intermediate component is dynamically extracted from the tower, avoiding cross-contamination between light and heavy components.

[0033] Moreover, the packing layer and the side-stream outlet pipe 16 have a synergistic effect: the upper packing layer is used to separate the light components, allowing them to flow upward to the top of the tower; the side-stream outlet pipe extracts the intermediate components in the transition area between the light and heavy components, avoiding the downward flow of the light components or the upward flow of the heavy components; the lower packing layer is mainly used to purify the heavy components, allowing them to flow downward to the bottom of the tower.

[0034] In this embodiment, an interconnecting pipe 18 is provided between the reboiler 6 and the distillation column 1. A second reflux pipe 19 is provided on one side of the reboiler 6, and the other end of the second reflux pipe 19 is connected to the column body. A second discharge pipe 20 is provided at the bottom of the distillation column 1, and support plates 21 are provided at intervals on the outer side wall of the distillation column 1.

[0035] It should be noted that, through the reboiler 6, an interconnecting pipe 18 is set between the reboiler 6 and the distillation column 1. When the liquid drops to the bottom of the column, the liquid enters the reboiler 6 through the interconnecting pipe 18 and is heated to the boiling point, generating steam that returns to the column to maintain the gas-liquid balance in the column. The heavy components are collected from the discharge pipe 20 at the bottom of the column, and the heavy components are further separated by heating to improve the purity of the product.

[0036] In the above embodiment, when multi-component separation of mixed alcohol is required, the mixed alcohol is introduced into the feed pipe 8, and the compression heat pump 7 is started to heat the mixed alcohol. The heated mixed alcohol enters the distillation column 1 through the delivery pipe 9. The delivery pipe 9 has branch pipes 10 spaced apart, and each branch pipe 10 has nozzles 11 spaced apart, thereby improving the uniformity of contact between the mixed alcohol and the packing layer. The interior of the distillation column 1 has a structured packing layer 3 and a random packing layer 4. The specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer 3 increases from top to bottom, and the porosity of the random packing layer 4 decreases from top to bottom. Higher carbon alcohols enter from between the second and third layers. The lighter components with lower boiling points are easily vaporized and flow upward, while the heavier components with higher boiling points condense into liquid and flow downward.

[0037] After rising, the light components enter the condenser 5 and are connected to the outlet of the distillation column 1 through the gas phase pipe. After the gas enters the condenser 5 from the top of the column, it exchanges heat with the cooling medium and condenses into liquid. Part of the liquid flows back into the column through the reflux pipe 15, and part of the liquid is collected as product through the discharge pipe 14.

[0038] The intermediate product is located between the second and third packing layers and exits through the side-stream outlet pipe 16. A component analyzer 17 is installed in the side-stream outlet pipe 16 to analyze the purity of the intermediate components. The heavy component liquid descends to the bottom of the distillation column 1 and enters the reboiler 6 through the interconnecting pipe 18 to be heated to the boiling point, generating steam which returns to the column to maintain the gas-liquid balance. The heavy component is collected from the discharge pipe 20 at the bottom of the column, thus completing the multi-component separation of the mixed alcohol.

[0039] The embodiments of this utility model are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-component separation distillation column, characterized in that, include: The distillation column body (1) is provided with multiple support rings (2) inside. Each support ring (2) is provided with a structured packing layer (3) and a random packing layer (4) on top. The structured packing layer (3) is located on top of the random packing layer (4). The specific surface area of ​​each section of the structured packing layer (3) on each support ring (2) increases from top to bottom, and the porosity of the random packing layer (4) decreases from top to bottom. The top of the distillation column (1) is provided with a condenser (5), and the distillation column (1) is connected to the condenser (5) through a pipeline. The bottom of the distillation column (1) is provided with a reboiler (6), and the reboiler (6) is connected to the distillation column (1) through a pipeline. A compression heat pump (7) is provided on one side of the distillation tower (1), and a feed pipe (8) is provided on one side of the compression heat pump (7). A conveying pipe (9) is installed between the compression heat pump (7) and the distillation tower (1). The conveying pipe (9) extends into the interior of the distillation tower (1). The conveying pipe (9) is provided with spaced branch pipes (10) inside the distillation tower (1). The branch pipes (10) are interconnected with the conveying pipe (9). Each branch pipe (10) is provided with spaced nozzles (11). A side-line extraction pipe (16) is provided on the outer wall of the distillation column. The side-line extraction pipe (16) is located between the second layer of the structured packing layer (3) and the third layer of the structured packing layer (3). A component analyzer (17) with an external power supply is connected to the side-line extraction pipe (16). The detection probe of the component analyzer (17) extends into the side-line extraction pipe (16).

2. The multi-component separation distillation column as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring (2) has a metal mesh (12) inside, and the random packing layer (4) is located on top of the metal mesh (12).

3. The multi-component separation distillation column as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the structured packing layer (3) and the random packing layer (4) inside the distillation column body (1) is three. The top of the distillation column is provided with a sealing cover plate (13) with a sealed connection. The condenser (5) is installed on the sealing cover plate (13). One side of the condenser (5) is provided with a discharge pipe (14), and the other side of the condenser (5) is provided with a reflux pipe (15). The other end of the reflux pipe (15) is connected to the inside of the distillation column body (1).

4. The multi-component separation distillation column as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An interconnecting pipeline (18) is provided between the reboiler (6) and the distillation column (1). A second reflux pipe (19) is provided on one side of the reboiler (6), and the other end of the second reflux pipe (19) is connected to the column body. A second discharge pipe (20) is provided at the bottom of the distillation column (1), and support plates (21) are provided on the outer side wall of the distillation column (1) at intervals.

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