Anti-splashing AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of AOD furnace steelmaking. The utility model relates to an argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) furnace, in particular to an anti-splashing AOD furnace which comprises a furnace body. The tilting system is in transmission connection with the furnace body; the evaporative cooling flue is arranged above the furnace body; an oxygen lance; the furnace body inclines towards the back of the furnace when located at the zero position, an included angle of 6-8 degrees is formed between the axis of the furnace body and the vertical direction, and the oxygen lance is inserted into the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body. The anti-splashing AOD furnace is simple in structure, reasonable in arrangement, safe, reliable and capable of effectively preventing metal splashing in the iron adding and blowing process of the AOD furnace, the metal yield is improved, meanwhile, steel adhering and slag accumulation at the furnace opening are reduced, and the service life of the furnace opening is prolonged. Meanwhile, the pressure of a dust removal system is effectively reduced through the evaporative cooling flue, the operation environment is improved, and the effects of reducing cost, improving efficiency, saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of AOD furnace steelmaking technology. More specifically, this utility model relates to an anti-splash AOD furnace. Background Technology

[0002] An AOD furnace is a refining device that uses the argon-oxygen refining method. Its core feature is the use of pure oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen in a high proportion for decarburization. The smelting process of an AOD furnace mainly includes steps such as adding scrap steel, adding iron, and oxygen blowing for decarburization. AOD converters generally do not have a tapping port; charging, tapping, and slag removal are all carried out from the furnace opening. During the smelting process, complex oxidation chemical reactions occur inside the furnace to decarburize the molten iron.

[0003] Currently, the existing AOD furnace smelting process mainly suffers from the following technical defects:

[0004] (1) Severe splashing during iron mixing and blowing (splashing rate 8-12%) leads to a 1.0-3.0% reduction in metal yield and generates a large amount of dust overflow;

[0005] (2) During the smelting process, the splashes adhere to the furnace wall and flue, which aggravates the erosion of refractory materials; the furnace mouth is frequently slag-bonded and requires frequent manual cleaning, which affects the efficiency of operation.

[0006] (3) During the smelting process, splashing steel slag may cause injury to operators or damage to equipment;

[0007] (4) Existing methods for suppressing AOD furnace splashing are mostly passive protection and lack active control measures.

[0008] The aforementioned defects not only affect the safety of AOD furnace steelmaking operations but also cause a large amount of high-temperature flue gas and dust to spill out, impacting the operating environment. Currently, with the steel industry's increasingly stringent requirements for energy conservation, emission reduction, safety, and environmental protection, it is necessary to develop an anti-splash AOD furnace structural design and supporting smelting methods to effectively reduce AOD furnace splashing and improve smelting efficiency and operational safety. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing an AOD furnace that can effectively suppress splashing during the AOD furnace steelmaking process.

[0010] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a splash-proof AOD oven is provided, comprising:

[0011] Furnace body;

[0012] A tilting system, which is connected to the furnace body via a drive mechanism;

[0013] A vaporization cooling flue is located above the furnace body;

[0014] Oxygen lance;

[0015] When the furnace body is in the zero position, it tilts backward, with its axis forming an angle of 6-8° with the vertical direction, and the oxygen lance is inserted into the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body.

[0016] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, when the furnace body is in the zero position, it tilts backward, with its axis forming an angle of 8° with the vertical direction.

[0017] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, the furnace mouth section of the vaporization cooling flue is inclined towards the rear of the furnace, with its centerline forming a 5° angle with the vertical direction.

[0018] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, the furnace body includes:

[0019] The furnace body is connected to the tilting system via a transmission mechanism.

[0020] A furnace cap, which is detachably mounted on the upper part of the furnace body.

[0021] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, the furnace cap and the furnace body are connected by a flange.

[0022] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, a furnace opening guard plate is provided on the front side of the furnace opening.

[0023] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, a flow guide nozzle is provided on the rear side of the furnace opening.

[0024] Furthermore, in the aforementioned anti-splash AOD furnace, the furnace body is equipped with a bottom blowing device and / or a side blowing device.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0026] This utility model's anti-splash AOD furnace has a simple structure, reasonable layout, and is safe and reliable. It can effectively prevent metal splashing during the AOD furnace's molten iron charging and blowing processes, improve metal yield, reduce slag buildup at the furnace mouth, and extend furnace mouth life. Simultaneously, the vaporization cooling flue effectively reduces the pressure of the dust removal system, improves the operating environment, and achieves cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and energy saving.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-splash AOD furnace described in this utility model.

[0029] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0030] 1. Furnace body; 2. Oxygen lance; 3. Vaporization cooling flue; 4. Furnace mouth guard plate; 5. Molten iron ladle; 6. Casting crane. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0032] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "horizontal", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model provides a splash-proof AOD oven, comprising:

[0034] Furnace body 1;

[0035] A tilting system, which is connected to the furnace body 1 in a transmission manner;

[0036] The vaporization cooling flue 3 is located above the furnace body 1. The vaporization cooling flue 3 is located on the high-rise frame platform of the AOD furnace and is a key piece of equipment in the AOD furnace steelmaking system. It adopts a multi-channel segmented structure and utilizes the water vaporization heat absorption principle to efficiently recover the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas from dust removal, while protecting the flue structure.

[0037] Oxygen lance 2;

[0038] The counterweights on opposite sides of the furnace opening of the furnace body 1 are balanced, and the tilting axis of the tilting system is offset so that when the furnace body 1 is at the zero position, it tilts towards the rear of the furnace, and its axis forms an angle of 6-8° with the vertical direction. The oxygen lance 2 is inserted into the furnace body 1 along the axis of the furnace body 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, before smelting in the AOD furnace, the furnace operator first tilts the furnace body 1 towards the front to an angle of 50-55° with the vertical direction, adding scrap steel into the furnace body 1 through the scrap steel trough. After the scrap steel is added, the furnace body 1 is tilted towards the rear to ensure that the scrap steel is evenly distributed within the furnace body 1. After this operation, the furnace body 1 is tilted towards the front to an angle of 50-55° with the vertical direction, and molten iron from the ladle 5 is loaded into the furnace body 1 using the casting crane 6. During the iron-pouring process, the rotation angle of the molten iron ladle 5 is adjusted to change the tilt angle of the furnace body 1, ensuring that the opening of the molten iron ladle 5 is close to the furnace opening of the furnace body 1 to prevent molten iron and flue gas from leaking out and metal from splashing. After the iron-pouring process is completed in the furnace body 1, the empty molten iron ladle 5 is lifted away by the casting crane 6. The furnace operator shakes the furnace body 1 to the zero position and lowers the oxygen lance 2 to start oxygen blowing and steelmaking. Argon gas is blown into the furnace through the bottom blowing and side blowing devices to stir and mix. After the AOD furnace smelting is completed, the furnace body 1 is tilted to the rear of the furnace, and the molten steel flows from the furnace opening into the ladle below the furnace.

[0040] When smelting using the above-mentioned AOD furnace, the following steps are included:

[0041] S1. Add scrap steel:

[0042] The furnace body 1 is tilted forward to form an angle of 50-55° with the vertical direction, scrap steel is added into the furnace body 1, and then the furnace body 1 is tilted backward to make the scrap steel evenly distributed in the furnace body 1.

[0043] S2, Add molten iron:

[0044] The furnace body 1 is tilted forward again to form an angle of 50-55° with the vertical direction, and molten iron is poured into the furnace body 1;

[0045] S3, Lowering the gun and blowing the steel:

[0046] Furnace 1 is tilted to the zero position. When furnace 1 is at the zero position, it tilts backward and the axis of furnace 1 forms an angle of 7° with the vertical direction. The oxygen lance is inserted into furnace 1 along the axis of furnace 1 and oxygen is blown into furnace 1 to start the smelting process. During the smelting process, argon gas is blown into the furnace through bottom blowing and side blowing.

[0047] During the blowing process of furnace body 1, dust removal is carried out through the vaporization cooling flue above furnace body 1. The furnace mouth section of the vaporization cooling flue is inclined towards the rear of the furnace, and its center line forms an angle of 5° with the vertical direction. The dust removal flue gas inlet temperature of the vaporization cooling flue is 1600℃, the outlet temperature is 800℃, and the flue gas velocity is 12-18m / s.

[0048] S4, Steel tapping:

[0049] After the blowing process is completed, the furnace body 1 tilts to the rear side, and the molten steel flows from the furnace opening of the furnace body 1 into the ladle below the furnace.

[0050] The anti-splash AOD furnace in this embodiment has a simple structure, reasonable layout, and is safe and reliable. Through optimized furnace opening design, it effectively prevents metal splashing during ferroalling and blowing processes, improving metal yield while reducing slag buildup at the furnace opening and extending furnace life. Furthermore, it effectively reduces the pressure on the dust removal system, improves the operating environment, and achieves cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and energy conservation.

[0051] Preferably, in another embodiment of the present invention, the furnace mouth section of the vaporization cooling flue 3 is inclined toward the rear of the furnace, and its centerline forms an angle of 5° with the vertical direction.

[0052] In this embodiment, the lower edge of the gasification cooling flue 3 furnace mouth section is designed with a non-horizontal structure, with its centerline making an angle of 5° with the vertical direction, and the front side of the furnace being higher than the rear side; the fixed section of the gasification cooling flue 3 is provided with oxygen lance 2 holes above the furnace mouth, and oxygen lance 2 enters the AOD furnace through oxygen lance 2 holes to achieve the purpose of oxygen blowing decarburization. The height can be dynamically adjusted according to the state of the molten steel in the furnace to achieve precise control, with a lifting speed of 0.5-2.5m / s (accuracy ±10mm).

[0053] Preferably, in another embodiment of the present invention, the furnace body 1 includes:

[0054] The furnace body is connected to the tilting system via a transmission mechanism.

[0055] A furnace cap, which is detachably mounted on the upper part of the furnace body.

[0056] In this embodiment, the furnace body and the furnace cap are detachably connected, and the furnace cap and the furnace body are connected by a flange.

[0057] Preferably, as another embodiment of the present invention, a furnace opening guard plate 4 is provided on the front side of the furnace opening of the furnace body 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the erosion of the furnace mouth refractory bricks by molten steel and slag and resist thermal deformation, a furnace mouth guard plate 4 is provided on the front side of the furnace mouth of the furnace body 1, which can shield heat radiation and reduce thermal damage to surrounding equipment.

[0059] Preferably, as another embodiment of the present invention, a flow guide nozzle is provided on the rear side of the furnace opening of the furnace body 1.

[0060] In this embodiment, the AOD furnace adopts a tilting tapping method, and the tapping opening is equipped with a guide nozzle to ensure that the molten steel is concentrated and injected into the ladle, avoiding the molten steel from spreading or splashing, and protecting the furnace body 1 and surrounding equipment.

[0061] Preferably, as another embodiment of the present invention, the furnace body 1 is provided with a bottom blowing device and / or a side blowing device.

[0062] In this embodiment, by providing a bottom blowing device and / or a side blowing device in the furnace body 1, argon gas can be blown into the furnace according to the smelting conditions of the AOD furnace to improve the mixing effect of molten steel.

[0063] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A splash-proof AOD oven, characterized in that, include: Furnace body; A tilting system, which is connected to the furnace body via a drive mechanism; A vaporization cooling flue is located above the furnace body; Oxygen lance; When the furnace body is in the zero position, it tilts backward, with its axis forming an angle of 6-8° with the vertical direction, and the oxygen lance is inserted into the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body.

2. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the furnace body is at the zero position, it tilts backward, and its axis forms an angle of 8° with the vertical direction.

3. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace mouth section of the vaporization cooling flue is inclined towards the rear of the furnace, and its centerline forms a 5° angle with the vertical direction.

4. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body includes: The furnace body is connected to the tilting system via a transmission mechanism. A furnace cap, which is detachably mounted on the upper part of the furnace body.

5. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The furnace cap and the furnace body are connected by a flange.

6. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body is equipped with a furnace opening guard plate on the front side of the furnace opening.

7. The anti-splash AOD furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A flow guide nozzle is provided on the rear side of the furnace opening of the furnace body.

8. The anti-splash AOD oven as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body is equipped with a bottom blowing device and / or a side blowing device.

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