Railway old sleeper gravel drainage road structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway drainage, in particular to a railway old sleeper gravel drainage road structure, which comprises a layered drainage road structure, and is characterized in that the layered drainage road structure comprises a rail bar placement area, a middle support area and two side drainage areas, a composite drainage road structure is arranged at the top of the layered drainage road structure, and the composite drainage road structure is arranged at the bottom of the layered drainage road structure. The utility model discloses a railway old sleeper gravel drainage road structure which comprises a base layer, a composite framework layer is arranged above the base layer, a gravel filtering layer is filled in sleeper gaps of the composite framework layer, and a surface layer covering layer covers the surface of the gravel filtering layer. Roadbed supporting, track bearing and efficient drainage functions are integrated; the rail bar placement area is linked to drain water through a drainage pipe, the trapezoid structure of the middle supporting area enhances deformation resistance and drainage, and the drainage areas on the two sides are designed in an inverted trapezoid mode and intercept sundries through filter screens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway drainage technology, and in particular to a drainage road structure for old railway sleepers and gravel. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional railway subgrade structures are mostly constructed using a single material (such as plain soil, concrete, or crushed stone layers). While this can meet basic load-bearing requirements, it faces numerous problems in complex environments. On the one hand, ordinary subgrades have limited drainage capacity, and water accumulation around the tracks can easily create saturated zones, leading to subgrade softening, reduced load-bearing capacity, and ultimately track settlement or deformation. On the other hand, traditional structures are highly dependent on materials; new construction projects require a large number of new sleepers or concrete components, increasing costs and contradicting the trend of resource recycling. Especially in the scenario of existing railway renovation, many decommissioned old sleepers are discarded due to functional degradation. Directly replacing them with new sleepers not only wastes resources but may also affect overall stability due to differences in the performance of old and new materials. Furthermore, the lateral support and filtration functions of traditional subgrades usually rely on a single structural design, making it difficult to simultaneously ensure drainage efficiency and erosion resistance. This makes the subgrade edges susceptible to soil erosion and requires frequent maintenance after long-term use.

[0003] Chinese patent discloses a railway subgrade drainage structure (publication number: CN 221371703 U) including a treatment box with a grid on the top and a funnel-shaped interior. The bottom of the funnel has a conduit with a disc inside and a crushing mechanism installed on the disc. The conduit can be connected to the drainage pipe of the railway subgrade, and the crushing mechanism is electrically connected to the railway control system. However, this railway subgrade drainage structure has problems such as insufficient drainage efficiency, high material consumption, weak lateral stability, and high maintenance costs, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable operation requirements in complex environments. Therefore, a drainage structure for old railway sleepers and gravel is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems of insufficient drainage efficiency, high material consumption, weak lateral stability and high maintenance cost of traditional railway subgrade structures in the existing technology, which make it difficult to meet the long-term stable operation requirements in complex environments. Therefore, a new type of railway sleeper gravel drainage road structure is proposed.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: This utility model describes a drainage road structure for old railway sleepers and gravel, comprising a layered drainage road structure. The layered drainage road structure includes a rail mounting area, a central support area, and drainage areas on both sides. A composite drainage road structure is provided at the top of the layered drainage road structure. The composite drainage road structure includes a base layer, a composite skeleton layer above the base layer, and a gravel filter layer filling the gaps between the sleepers in the composite skeleton layer. The gravel filter layer is covered with a surface covering layer. Two parallel track grooves are provided at the top of the composite skeleton layer, and multiple regularly arranged fixed block-shaped structural components are distributed around the track grooves. This structure, through its layered design, clearly defines the functional areas, allowing drainage, support, and track bearing functions to work independently yet collaboratively, improving the overall structural rationality and functional integration of the roadbed. The composite drainage road structure, combined with the multi-layered configuration of sleepers and gravel, enhances the stability and permeability of the roadbed, helping to prevent water accumulation and settlement.

[0006] Preferably, the base layer is compacted undisturbed soil or graded crushed stone base course; the composite skeleton layer includes sleepers laid parallel to the drainage direction, the length direction of the sleepers being consistent with the drainage direction and both ends fixed to the base layer; the crushed stone filter layer is composed of graded crushed stone. The base layer, using compacted soil or graded crushed stone, provides a stable load-bearing foundation, ensuring the stability of the overall structure; the composite skeleton layer, laid along the drainage direction, enables the structure to provide support while also possessing good longitudinal drainage capacity; the crushed stone filter layer further enhances permeability and impurity filtration, helping to maintain the dryness of the subgrade interior and preventing soil erosion and material siltation.

[0007] Preferably, the central support area is a trapezoidal structure, and the outer walls on both sides of the central support area are provided with hexagonal perforated plate structures. The trapezoidal structure design enhances the stability and resistance to lateral deformation of the central support area, making it more stable when bearing track loads; the hexagonal perforated plate structures not only reduce the structure's self-weight but also improve drainage and ventilation performance, helping to prevent water accumulation and soil saturation, and enhancing overall durability.

[0008] Preferably, the drainage zones on both sides are located on the left and right sides of the central support area and are in an inverted trapezoidal structure. A grid-like filter screen is installed on the surface of each drainage zone. The inverted trapezoidal structure design expands the drainage area, allowing rainwater and groundwater to drain quickly to both sides, preventing water accumulation. The grid-like filter screen effectively intercepts debris, preventing it from entering the drainage system and causing blockages, ensuring smooth drainage and improving the long-term performance of the roadbed.

[0009] Preferably, a longitudinal drainage pipe is provided at the center of the track installation area. A first drainage pipe is located at the top of the longitudinal drainage pipe, and a second drainage pipe is located at the bottom. The first drainage pipe is associated with the track installation area, and the second drainage pipe is associated with the drainage areas on both sides. The combination of the longitudinal drainage pipe and the top and bottom drainage pipes forms a multi-directional drainage channel, allowing accumulated water in the track installation area to be quickly discharged through longitudinal and lateral paths, preventing water accumulation from damaging the track structure. The linkage design between the drainage pipe and the drainage areas on both sides ensures smooth water flow between areas, improving overall drainage efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, retaining embankments are provided on both sides of the composite skeleton layer, and the retaining embankments are precast concrete retaining plates. The retaining embankments effectively prevent soil erosion and lateral deformation on both sides of the roadbed, and enhance the stability of the overall structure; the use of precast concrete retaining plates not only improves construction efficiency and quality consistency, but also enhances the durability and erosion resistance of the retaining structure, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the roadbed.

[0011] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0012] The railway old sleeper gravel drainage system provided in this application achieves multi-functional integration of roadbed support, track bearing capacity, and efficient drainage through the coordinated design of layered and composite drainage systems. The layered drainage system clearly divides the rail installation area, the central support area, and the side drainage areas, ensuring complementary functions in each area: the rail installation area, through the linkage of longitudinal drainage pipes and top and bottom drainage pipes, quickly drains water accumulated around the rails; the trapezoidal structure and hexagonal perforated plate-like outer wall of the central support area enhance the overall resistance to lateral deformation and improve internal ventilation and drainage efficiency; the inverted trapezoidal structure and grid-like filter screen of the side drainage areas further expand the drainage area and intercept debris, preventing blockage of the drainage channels. In the composite drainage system, the foundation layer provides a stable bearing base, the composite skeleton layer, with old sleepers and gravel filter layers laid along the drainage direction, forms a longitudinal permeable channel, which, together with the fixed block-like structural components around the track groove, enhances track stability, while the retaining walls on both sides effectively prevent soil erosion on both sides of the roadbed. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of I in the middle.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composite drainage system of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Sleeper; 2. Track trough; 3. Fixed block structure; 4. Track installation area; 5. Retaining embankment; 6. Central support area; 7. Hexagonal perforated plate structure; 8. Grid-like filter screen; 9. Drainage areas on both sides; 10. Layered drainage structure; 11. Second drainage pipe; 12. First drainage pipe; 13. Longitudinal drainage pipe; 14. Surface covering layer; 15. Crushed stone filter layer; 16. Composite skeleton layer; 17. Foundation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. Example

[0021] Please see Figure 1-5 As shown, a drainage structure for old railway sleepers and gravel includes a layered drainage structure 10. The layered drainage structure 10 comprises a rail mounting area 4, a central support area 6, and two side drainage areas 9. A composite drainage structure is provided at the top of the layered drainage structure 10. This composite drainage structure includes a base layer 17, above which is a composite skeleton layer 16. The gaps between the sleepers in the composite skeleton layer 16 are filled with a gravel filter layer 15, and the surface of the gravel filter layer 15 is covered with a surface covering layer 14. Two parallel track grooves 2 are provided at the top of the composite skeleton layer 16, and multiple regularly arranged fixed block-shaped structural components 3 are distributed around the track grooves 2. This structure, through its layered design, clearly defines the functional areas, allowing drainage, support, and track bearing functions to work independently yet collaboratively, improving the overall structural rationality and functional integration of the roadbed. The composite drainage structure, combined with the multi-layered configuration of sleepers 1 and gravel, enhances the stability and permeability of the roadbed, helping to prevent water accumulation and settlement.

[0022] Preferably, the base layer 17 is compacted undisturbed soil or graded crushed stone base course; the composite skeleton layer 16 includes sleepers 1 laid parallel to the drainage direction, the length direction of the sleepers 1 being consistent with the drainage direction and both ends fixed to the base layer 17; the crushed stone filter layer 15 is composed of graded crushed stone. The base layer 17, using compacted soil or graded crushed stone, provides a stable bearing foundation, ensuring the stability of the overall structure; the composite skeleton layer 16, laid along the drainage direction, enables the structure to provide good longitudinal drainage capacity while playing a supporting role; the crushed stone filter layer 15 further enhances the permeability and impurity filtration function, helping to maintain the dryness of the subgrade interior and prevent soil erosion and material siltation.

[0023] Preferably, the central support area 6 is a trapezoidal structure, and the outer walls on both sides of the central support area 6 are provided with hexagonal perforated plate structures 7. The trapezoidal structure design enhances the stability and resistance to lateral deformation of the central support area 6, making it more stable when bearing track loads; the hexagonal perforated plate structures 7 not only reduce the structural weight, but also improve drainage and ventilation performance, helping to prevent water accumulation and soil saturation, and enhancing overall durability.

[0024] Preferably, the drainage zones 9 on both sides are located on the left and right sides of the central support area 6 and are in an inverted trapezoidal structure. The surface of the drainage zones 9 on both sides is provided with a grid-like filter screen 8. The inverted trapezoidal structure design expands the drainage area, allowing rainwater and groundwater to be quickly discharged to both sides, avoiding water accumulation. The grid-like filter screen 8 effectively intercepts debris, preventing it from entering the drainage system and causing blockages, ensuring smooth drainage and improving the long-term performance of the roadbed.

[0025] Preferably, a longitudinal drainage pipe 13 is provided at the center of the track installation area 4. A first drainage pipe 12 is provided at the top of the longitudinal drainage pipe 13, and a second drainage pipe 11 is provided at the bottom. The first drainage pipe 12 is associated with the track installation area 4, and the second drainage pipe 11 is associated with the drainage areas 9 on both sides. The combination of the longitudinal drainage pipe 13 and the top and bottom drainage pipes forms a multi-directional drainage channel, allowing water accumulated in the track installation area 4 to be quickly discharged through longitudinal and transverse paths, avoiding water accumulation and damage to the track structure. The linkage design between the drainage pipes and the drainage areas 9 on both sides enables smooth water flow between areas and improves the overall drainage efficiency.

[0026] Preferably, retaining embankments 5 are provided on both sides of the composite skeleton layer 16, and the retaining embankments 5 are precast concrete retaining plates. The retaining embankments 5 effectively prevent soil loss and lateral deformation on both sides of the roadbed, and enhance the stability of the overall structure; the use of precast concrete retaining plates not only improves construction efficiency and quality consistency, but also enhances the durability and erosion resistance of the retaining structure, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the roadbed.

[0027] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0028] The track installation area 4, as the direct load-bearing area of ​​the track, has a longitudinal drainage pipe 13 inside that serves as the core channel for water collection. Rainwater or groundwater generated around the track first flows into the longitudinal drainage pipe 13 through the top first drainage pipe 12. Simultaneously, a small amount of water seeping from the foundation layer 17 enters the longitudinal drainage pipe 13 through the bottom second drainage pipe 11, forming a two-way water collection path "from top to bottom" and "from bottom to top". The longitudinal drainage pipe 13 quickly transports the collected water to the central support area 6 or the side drainage areas 9, preventing water from accumulating around the track. After some water enters the central support area 6, due to the trapezoidal structure and the hexagonal perforated plate structure 7 on both outer walls, the water can diffuse to both sides through the perforations. The gravel filter layer 15 filled in the central support area 6 (connected to the gravel gaps in the composite skeleton layer 16) further filters the water, intercepting impurities such as mud and sand, ensuring clean water flow. The inclined surface design of the trapezoidal structure accelerates the flow of water to both sides, preventing local water stagnation.

[0029] After the accumulated water spreads from the central support area 6 to the drainage areas 9 on both sides, the drainage area is significantly increased due to the inverted trapezoidal structure of this area, allowing the water to flow rapidly to the outside of the roadbed. The grid-like filter screen 8 installed on the surface further intercepts floating debris, dead leaves, and other debris, preventing them from entering the drainage channels and causing blockages. The inverted trapezoidal design of the drainage areas 9 on both sides, together with the grid screen, not only improves drainage efficiency but also ensures the long-term unobstructed flow of the drainage system.

[0030] The composite skeleton layer 16 consists of old sleepers 1 laid parallel to the drainage direction, with their length direction aligned with the drainage direction, forming longitudinal permeable channels. The gravel filter layer 15 filling the gaps between the sleepers 1 not only enhances permeability but also disperses the track load through the rigid structure of the sleepers 1 themselves, avoiding localized stress concentration. The fixed block-shaped structural members 3 around the track trough 2 further fix the track position, preventing track deviation during train operation and improving driving safety. The retaining walls 5 on both sides, through the rigid support of precast concrete retaining plates, limit soil displacement on both sides of the roadbed, preventing structural instability caused by soil erosion.

[0031] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A drainage system for old railway sleepers made of crushed stone, comprising a layered drainage system (10), characterized in that... The layered drainage structure (10) includes a rail placement area (4), a central support area (6), and two side drainage areas (9). The layered drainage structure (10) has a composite drainage structure on top. The composite drainage structure includes a base layer (17). A composite skeleton layer (16) is provided above the base layer (17). The gaps between the sleepers (1) of the composite skeleton layer (16) are filled with a gravel filter layer (15). The surface of the gravel filter layer (15) is covered with a surface covering layer (14). The top of the composite skeleton layer (16) has two parallel track grooves (2). Multiple regularly arranged fixed block-shaped structural components (3) are distributed around the track grooves (2).

2. The drainage structure for old railway sleepers with gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer (17) is compacted undisturbed soil or graded crushed stone base layer; the composite skeleton layer (16) includes sleepers (1) laid parallel to the drainage direction, the length direction of the sleepers (1) is consistent with the drainage direction and both ends are fixed to the base layer (17); the crushed stone filter layer (15) is composed of graded crushed stone.

3. The drainage structure for old railway sleepers with gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The central support area (6) is a trapezoidal structure, and the outer walls on both sides of the central support area (6) are provided with hexagonal perforated plate-like structures (7).

4. The drainage structure for old railway sleepers with gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage areas (9) on both sides are located on the left and right sides of the central support area (6) and are in an inverted trapezoidal structure. The surface of the drainage areas (9) on both sides is provided with a grid-like filter screen (8).

5. The drainage structure for old railway sleepers with crushed stone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The track installation area (4) has a longitudinal drainage pipe (13) at its center. The longitudinal drainage pipe (13) has a first drainage pipe (12) at its top and a second drainage pipe (11) at its bottom. The first drainage pipe (12) is associated with the track installation area (4), and the second drainage pipe (11) is associated with the drainage areas on both sides (9).

6. The drainage structure for old railway sleepers with gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite skeleton layer (16) has retaining walls (5) on both sides, and the retaining walls (5) are precast concrete baffles.

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