Vertical shaft heading machine
By combining a single slewing frame structure with a multi-swing arm design, the problems of high production costs and off-center loading in large-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines have been solved, achieving efficient and reliable tunneling results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing shaft tunneling machines suffer from high production costs, are prone to uneven loading, and have poor applicability in large-diameter shaft excavation.
It adopts a single slewing frame structure and a multi-swing arm evenly distributed and coordinated swing design. The outrigger structure has an adjustable length. By rotating the slewing frame and adjusting the angle and length of the swing arms, it can achieve full coverage of the excavation section and depth adjustment.
It improves the tunneling efficiency and reliability of shaft tunneling machines, avoids sealing failure caused by eccentric loading, reduces production costs, and meets the excavation requirements of ultra-large diameter shafts.
Smart Images
Figure CN224244877U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shaft construction technology, and in particular to a shaft tunneling machine. Background Technology
[0002] As a new type of vertical shaft construction equipment, shaft tunneling machines (MTBGs) offer advantages over traditional methods, including safety, high efficiency, small footprint, wide geological adaptability, and minimal environmental impact. However, due to structural and efficiency limitations, MTBGs cannot excavate ultra-large diameter shafts. Furthermore, large-diameter MTBGs suffer from higher production costs and are prone to uneven loading. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to address the limitations of existing technologies such as caisson tunneling machines in meeting the requirements for excavating large-diameter shafts and their poor applicability.
[0003] Regarding large-diameter shaft tunneling machines, Chinese patent CN 112360466 A discloses a sinking shaft tunneling machine suitable for soft soil layers. The swing arm of this tunneling machine adopts an asymmetrical arrangement, which is prone to serious uneven loading during excavation, leading to equipment failure. At the same time, the tunneling efficiency of the asymmetrical arrangement is relatively low, resulting in higher production costs.
[0004] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor has proposed a shaft tunneling machine to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a vertical shaft tunneling machine that solves the problems of high production cost and easy occurrence of uneven load tunneling in ultra-large diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines. This utility model adopts a design with a single slewing frame structure centrally arranged, multiple swing arms evenly distributed and coordinated swinging, and adjustable outrigger length to avoid uneven load tunneling, improve tunneling efficiency, and reduce production costs.
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: a shaft boring machine includes a main drive unit located at the center of the shaft; the bottom end of the main drive unit is connected to a rotatable slewing frame, and the slewing frame and the main drive unit are coaxially arranged; multiple swing arms are hinged on the slewing frame, each swing arm is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the slewing frame, and the length of each swing arm is adjustable; a cutting head is connected to the end of each swing arm away from the slewing frame; multiple support leg structures are arranged between the sidewall of the shaft and the main drive unit, the length of each support leg structure is adjustable, and the support leg structures are evenly arranged along the circumference of the main drive unit; each swing arm is provided with a mud pump for discharging mud.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of swing cylinders are provided below the rotary frame, the first end of each swing cylinder is hinged to the rotary frame, and the second end of each swing cylinder is respectively hinged to each swing arm.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each swing arm includes an inner telescopic arm and an outer swing arm. The first end of the inner telescopic arm is connected to the cutting head, and the second end of the inner telescopic arm slides through the first end of the outer swing arm and is inserted into the outer swing arm. The second end of the outer swing arm is hinged to the rotary frame. The second end of each swing cylinder is respectively hinged to the side wall of each outer swing arm.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a telescopic cylinder is provided inside the outer swing arm, the first end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the rotary frame, and the second end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the second end of the inner telescopic arm.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first hinge hole is provided on the rotary frame, a second hinge hole is provided at the first end of each telescopic cylinder, and a third hinge hole is provided at the second end of each external swing arm. A first hinge shaft passes through the first hinge hole, the second hinge hole, and the third hinge hole.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary frame is provided with a plurality of radially symmetrical hinge lugs, each hinge lug is provided with a fourth hinge hole, the first end of each swing cylinder is provided with a fifth hinge hole, and a second hinge shaft passes through the fourth hinge hole and the fifth hinge hole.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support leg structure includes a fixed-length support leg and a telescopic support leg, wherein the fixed-length support leg and the telescopic support leg are detachably connected.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic support leg includes an inner telescopic support leg and an outer support leg. The first end of the inner telescopic support leg can be slidably fitted inside the outer support leg from the first end of the outer support leg, and the second end of the inner telescopic support leg can be detachably connected to the first end of the fixed-length support leg.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second end of the outer support leg is connected to the main drive unit, and the second end of the fixed-length support leg is connected to the side wall of the shaft;
[0015] or,
[0016] The second end of the outer support leg is connected to the side wall of the shaft, and the second end of the fixed-length support leg is connected to the main drive unit.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the mud pump outlets includes a mud pump disposed next to the cutting head, and a mud pipe extending outward from the shaft is connected to the mud pump.
[0018] As described above, the shaft tunneling machine of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] This utility model adopts a single slewing frame structure, multiple swing arms evenly distributed and coordinated swinging, and an adjustable length outrigger structure to solve the problems of high production cost and easy eccentric loading tunneling in ultra-large diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines.
[0020] This invention is applied to the process of vertical shaft excavation. The circumferential position of each cutting head in the vertical shaft can be adjusted by rotating the slewing frame; the swing angle of each swing arm can be adjusted to ensure that each cutting head fully covers the excavation section; and the excavation depth of each cutting head can be adjusted by adjusting the length of each swing arm. This ensures that the vertical shaft tunneling machine of this invention can carry out smooth and rapid excavation operations on the excavation section of the vertical shaft, improve the reliability and excavation efficiency of the vertical shaft, and meet the excavation requirements of ultra-large diameter vertical shafts.
[0021] Each swing arm is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the rotary frame, and the end of each swing arm away from the rotary frame is connected to the cutting head. This enables the cutting heads to advance synchronously and uniformly, effectively avoiding the problem of sealing failure caused by uneven loading during tunneling. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The following figures are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft tunneling machine of this utility model inside a shaft with a ring beam structure.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft boring machine of this utility model in a shaft without a ring beam structure, with the telescopic cylinder extended.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft boring machine of this utility model in the retracted state of the telescopic cylinder inside a shaft without a ring beam structure.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the shaft boring machine of this utility model inside a shaft.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support leg structure of this utility model.
[0028] In the picture:
[0029] 1. Rotary frame; 101. Hinge lug; 2. Main drive unit; 3. Swing arm; 301. Inner telescopic arm; 302. Outer swing arm; 4. Cutting head; 5. Swing cylinder; 6. Telescopic cylinder; 7. Leg structure; 701. Telescopic leg; 7011. Inner telescopic leg; 7012. Outer leg; 702. Fixed-length leg; 8. Shaft; 9. Mud pump; 10. Ring beam structure; 111. First hinge hole; 112. Second hinge hole; 113. Third hinge hole; 114. Fourth hinge hole; 115. Fifth hinge hole; 116. First hinge shaft; 117. Second hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on this invention, and these should all be considered within the scope of this invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements, and can be direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.
[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0033] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this utility model provides a shaft tunneling machine, including a main drive unit 2 located at the center of a shaft 8. The bottom end of the main drive unit 2 is connected to a rotatable slewing frame 1 (single slewing frame structure). The slewing frame 1 and the main drive unit 2 are coaxially arranged (centeredly arranged). The main drive unit 2 can drive the slewing frame 1 to rotate. Multiple swing arms 3 are hinged on the slewing frame 1. Each swing arm 3 is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the slewing frame 1, and the length of each swing arm 3 is adjustable. The end of each swing arm 3 away from the slewing frame 1 is connected to a cutting head 4. Multiple support leg structures 7 are arranged between the side wall of the shaft 8 and the main drive unit 2. Each support leg structure 7 is evenly arranged along the circumference of the main drive unit 2, and the length of each support leg structure 7 is adjustable. Each swing arm 3 is provided with a mud pump for discharging mud.
[0034] This utility model adopts a single slewing frame structure, multiple swing arms evenly distributed and coordinated swinging, and an adjustable length outrigger structure to solve the problems of high production cost and easy eccentric loading during tunneling of ultra-large diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines.
[0035] This invention is applied to the process of shaft excavation. The circumferential position of each cutting head 4 within the shaft 8 can be adjusted by rotating the slewing frame 1. By adjusting the swing angle of each swing arm 3, the full coverage of the excavation section by each cutting head 4 can be ensured. By adjusting the length of each swing arm 3, the excavation depth of each cutting head 4 can be adjusted. This ensures that the shaft tunneling machine of this invention can perform smooth and rapid excavation operations on the excavation section of the shaft, improve the reliability and excavation efficiency of the shaft, and meet the excavation requirements of ultra-large diameter shafts.
[0036] Each swing arm 3 is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the rotary frame 1. The end of each swing arm 3 away from the rotary frame 1 is connected to the cutting head 4, which can realize synchronous and uniform tunneling of each cutting head 4, effectively avoiding the problem of sealing failure caused by uneven loading tunneling.
[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, multiple swing cylinders 5 are arranged below the rotary frame 1. The first end of each swing cylinder 5 is hinged to the rotary frame 1, and the second end of each swing cylinder 5 is hinged to each swing arm 3.
[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, each swing arm 3 includes an inner telescopic arm 301 and an outer swing arm 302. The first end of the inner telescopic arm 301 is connected to the cutting head 4, and the second end of the inner telescopic arm 301 slides through the first end of the outer swing arm 302 and is inserted into the outer swing arm 302. The second end of the outer swing arm 302 is hinged to the rotary frame 1. The second end of each swing cylinder 5 is respectively hinged to the side wall of each outer swing arm 302.
[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a telescopic cylinder 6 is installed inside the outer swing arm 302. The first end of the telescopic cylinder 6 is hinged to the rotary frame 1, and the second end of the telescopic cylinder 6 is connected to the second end of the inner telescopic arm 301.
[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rotary frame 1 is provided with a first hinge hole 111, the first end of each telescopic cylinder 6 is provided with a second hinge hole 112, and the second end of each external swing arm 302 is provided with a third hinge hole 113. A first hinge shaft 116 passes through the first hinge hole 111, the second hinge hole 112 and the third hinge hole 113.
[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rotary frame 1 is provided with multiple radially symmetrical hinge lugs 101, each hinge lug 101 is provided with a fourth hinge hole 114, and the first end of each swing cylinder 5 is provided with a fifth hinge hole 115. A second hinge shaft 117 passes through the fourth hinge hole 114 and the fifth hinge hole 115.
[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the outrigger structure 7 includes a fixed-length outrigger 702 and a telescopic outrigger 701, with the fixed-length outrigger 702 and the telescopic outrigger 701 being detachably connected.
[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the telescopic outrigger 701 includes an inner telescopic outrigger 7011 and an outer outrigger 7012. The first end of the inner telescopic outrigger 7011 can be slidably fitted inside the outer outrigger 7012 from the first end of the outer outrigger 7012. The second end of the inner telescopic outrigger 7011 can be detachably connected to the first end of the fixed-length outrigger 702.
[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the second end of the outer support leg 7012 is connected to the main drive unit 2, and the second end of the fixed-length support leg 702 is connected to the side wall of the shaft 8.
[0045] or,
[0046] The second end of the outer support leg 7012 is connected to the side wall of the shaft 8, and the second end of the fixed-length support leg 702 is connected to the main drive unit 2.
[0047] By adjusting the length of the telescopic outrigger 701 and loading and unloading the fixed-length outrigger 702, the length of the outrigger structure 7 can be continuously and steplessly adjusted. The length of the outrigger structure 7 can be adjusted according to the excavation diameter of the shaft 8. By adjusting the length of the swing arm 3, excavation of shafts with different diameters and different cross-sectional shapes (such as circular, elliptical, and rectangular) can be achieved, thus expanding the applicability of the shaft tunneling machine of this utility model.
[0048] A ring beam structure 10 is installed on the inner arc surface at the bottom of the shaft 8. The ring beam structure 10 is located below the support leg structure 7. The ring beam structure 10 can enhance the overall rigidity of the shaft 8 and reduce the thickness of the shaft bottom sealing.
[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, each mud pump outlet includes a mud pump 9 located next to the cutting head 4. The mud pump 9 is connected to a mud pipe extending outward from the shaft. The mud pipe is installed on the cutting head 4 and the swing arm 3.
[0050] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, two swing arms 3 are hinged on the slewing frame 1, and two swing cylinders 5 are correspondingly provided; five support leg structures 7 are provided between the side wall of the shaft 8 and the main drive unit 2, and the five support leg structures 7 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the main drive unit 2.
[0051] When using the shaft excavator of this utility model for construction, the cutting head 4 is started first, the telescopic cylinder 6 is pushed out, and the excavated soil is brought to the ground through the mud pump 9 and mud pipe. The swing cylinder 5 is retracted, and the swing arm 3 swings to realize the excavation of the rock and soil at the bottom of the shaft. After the excavation of one excavation section is completed, the slewing frame 1 is rotated to excavate the next section, and finally the excavation of the excavation section is realized.
[0052] As described above, the shaft tunneling machine of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0053] This utility model adopts a single slewing frame structure, multiple swing arms evenly distributed and coordinated swinging, and an adjustable length outrigger structure to solve the problems of high production cost and easy eccentric loading tunneling in ultra-large diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines.
[0054] This invention is applied to the process of vertical shaft excavation. The circumferential position of each cutting head in the vertical shaft can be adjusted by rotating the slewing frame; the swing angle of each swing arm can be adjusted to ensure that each cutting head fully covers the excavation section; and the excavation depth of each cutting head can be adjusted by adjusting the length of each swing arm. This ensures that the vertical shaft tunneling machine of this invention can carry out smooth and rapid excavation operations on the excavation section of the vertical shaft, improve the reliability and excavation efficiency of the vertical shaft, and meet the excavation requirements of ultra-large diameter vertical shafts.
[0055] Each swing arm is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the rotary frame, and the end of each swing arm away from the rotary frame is connected to the cutting head. This enables the cutting heads to advance synchronously and uniformly, effectively avoiding the problem of sealing failure caused by uneven loading during tunneling.
[0056] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of this utility model should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, The system includes a main drive unit (2) located at the center of the shaft (8), with a rotating frame (1) connected to the bottom end of the main drive unit (2). The rotating frame (1) and the main drive unit (2) are coaxially arranged. Multiple swing arms (3) are hinged on the rotating frame (1). Each swing arm (3) is symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the rotating frame (1), and the length of each swing arm (3) is adjustable. A cutting head (4) is connected to one end of each swing arm (3) away from the rotating frame (1). Multiple support leg structures (7) are provided between the side wall of the shaft (8) and the main drive unit (2). The length of each support leg structure (7) is adjustable, and the support leg structures (7) are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the main drive unit (2). Each swing arm (3) is provided with a mud pump for discharging mud.
2. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple swing cylinders (5) are arranged below the rotary frame (1). The first end of each swing cylinder (5) is hinged to the rotary frame (1), and the second end of each swing cylinder (5) is hinged to each swing arm (3).
3. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the swing arms (3) includes an inner telescopic arm (301) and an outer swing arm (302). The first end of the inner telescopic arm (301) is connected to the cutting head (4), and the second end of the inner telescopic arm (301) slides through the first end of the outer swing arm (302) and is inserted into the outer swing arm (302). The second end of the outer swing arm (302) is hinged to the rotary frame (1). The second end of each of the swing cylinders (5) is respectively hinged to the side wall of each of the outer swing arms (302).
4. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A telescopic cylinder (6) is provided inside the outer swing arm (302). The first end of the telescopic cylinder (6) is hinged to the rotary frame (1), and the second end of the telescopic cylinder (6) is connected to the second end of the inner telescopic arm (301).
5. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary frame (1) is provided with a first hinge hole (111), the first end of each telescopic cylinder (6) is provided with a second hinge hole (112), the second end of each external swing arm (302) is provided with a third hinge hole (113), and a first hinge shaft (116) passes through the first hinge hole (111), the second hinge hole (112) and the third hinge hole (113).
6. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary frame (1) is provided with a plurality of radially symmetrical hinge lugs (101), each hinge lug (101) is provided with a fourth hinge hole (114), and the first end of each swing cylinder (5) is provided with a fifth hinge hole (115). A second hinge shaft (117) passes through the fourth hinge hole (114) and the fifth hinge hole (115).
7. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outrigger structure (7) includes a fixed-length outrigger (702) and a telescopic outrigger (701), wherein the fixed-length outrigger (702) and the telescopic outrigger (701) are detachably connected.
8. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The telescopic support leg (701) includes an inner telescopic support leg (7011) and an outer support leg (7012). The first end of the inner telescopic support leg (7011) can be slidably fitted inside the outer support leg (7012) from the first end of the outer support leg (7012). The second end of the inner telescopic support leg (7011) can be detachably connected to the first end of the fixed-length support leg (702).
9. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second end of the outer support leg (7012) is connected to the main drive unit (2), and the second end of the fixed-length support leg (702) is connected to the side wall of the shaft (8); or, The second end of the outer support leg (7012) is connected to the side wall of the shaft (8), and the second end of the fixed-length support leg (702) is connected to the main drive unit (2).
10. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the mud pump outlets includes a mud pump (9) located next to the cutting head (4), and a mud pipe extending outward from the shaft (8) is connected to the mud pump (9).