Photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater, and belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization and heat storage. The water heater comprises a shell, two independent cavity structures are arranged in the shell and are respectively integrated with double heating systems running independently, a direct-current heating rod and a first heat exchanger are arranged in a first cavity, the direct-current heating rod is powered by a photovoltaic panel to achieve solar direct-drive heating, an alternating-current heating rod and a second heat exchanger are arranged in a standby cavity, and the alternating-current heating rod is powered by a photovoltaic panel to achieve solar direct-drive heating. The AC heating rod is connected with commercial power as an auxiliary heat source. The double cavities are filled with phase change heat storage materials, the double heating systems can operate cooperatively or independently, and photovoltaic energy and mains supply are preferentially utilized for automatic heat compensation. According to the utility model, through double-cavity isolation and preferential use of photovoltaic energy, the dependence on commercial power is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar thermal utilization and energy storage technology, specifically to a photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater, and more particularly to a photovoltaic direct-drive phase change thermal storage electric water heater with a dual heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional solar water heaters primarily rely on photothermal conversion technology, using collectors to absorb solar energy and heat the circulating medium. However, their heating stability is affected by weather conditions. During periods of insufficient sunlight or cloudy / rainy weather, an electric heating auxiliary system is often needed to maintain water temperature. Current technologies often employ a shared phase-change thermal storage system between direct photovoltaic drive and mains power, leading to heat source interference and heat loss. Users then have to wait for hot water. Therefore, there is a need for a water heater that integrates direct photovoltaic drive and mains power for complementary heating, optimizes the thermal storage structure, and reduces heat source interference and heat loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0004] A photovoltaic direct-drive phase-change water heater includes a water heater shell with two independent chambers inside, designated as a first chamber and a backup chamber. The first chamber houses a DC heating rod and a heat exchanger. The DC heating rod is powered by a photovoltaic panel located on the outside of the shell, achieving direct solar-driven heating and eliminating energy conversion losses. The backup chamber houses an AC heating rod and a second heat exchanger. The AC heating rod is powered by mains electricity, and its activation is controlled by a switch. The inlets of heat exchangers one and two are connected to an inlet pipe. An outlet pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve with two inlets. The outlets of heat exchangers one and two are respectively connected to the two inlets of the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve controls the outlet pipe to connect to either the outlet of heat exchanger one or heat exchanger two.

[0005] This system employs a dual-chamber physical isolation design to completely avoid thermal interference between the two heating systems. The two systems can operate independently or collaboratively, prioritizing photovoltaic energy while the controller controls the mains power for on-demand supplemental heating. Both chambers are filled with phase change thermal storage materials. Depending on the usage scenario of the water heater, different phase change thermal storage materials can be used in the two chambers to increase the efficiency of the water heater. For example, the first chamber can be filled with a paraffin-based material with a phase change temperature of 60°C, while the backup chamber can be filled with a hydrated salt material with a phase change temperature of 70°C, thereby meeting user needs.

[0006] Preferably, the first cavity and the spare cavity are symmetrical to each other and are the same size.

[0007] Preferably, thermal insulation cotton is filled between the phase change thermal storage material and the water heater shell to prevent the phase change thermal storage material from transferring heat to the shell.

[0008] Preferably, both heat exchanger one and heat exchanger two adopt a serpentine coil structure.

[0009] Preferably, both cavities are equipped with temperature sensors to detect the temperature of the phase change heat storage material inside the two cavities.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] This invention employs a dual independent heating system, combining direct photovoltaic drive and mains power supplementation, to achieve 24-hour constant temperature water supply and reduce users' waiting time for hot water. The internal structure utilizes an independent dual-cavity design, resolving the problem of interference from dual heat sources and reducing heat loss. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater according to this utility model;

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. DC heating rod; 3. AC heating rod; 4. Heat exchanger one; 5. Heat exchanger two; 6. Phase change heat storage material; 7. Insulation cotton; 8. Temperature sensor one; 9. Temperature sensor two; 10. Solenoid valve; 11. Photovoltaic panel. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following is combined with Figure 1 The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below:

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic direct-drive phase-change water heater of this utility model includes a water heater shell 1, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The shell 1 contains two independent chambers of the same size, corresponding to a first chamber and a spare chamber. The two chambers are completely physically isolated to avoid mutual heat interference. The first chamber contains a DC electric heating rod 2 and a heat exchanger 4. The DC electric heating rod 2 is powered by a photovoltaic panel 11 located on the outside of the shell 1, achieving direct solar heating and eliminating energy conversion losses. The spare chamber contains an AC electric heating rod 3 and a second heat exchanger 5. The AC electric heating rod 3 is powered by mains electricity. The inlets of heat exchanger 4 and heat exchanger 5 are connected to the inlet pipe. An electromagnetic valve 10 with two inlets is installed on the outlet pipe. The outlets of heat exchanger 4 and heat exchanger 5 are respectively connected to the two inlets of the electromagnetic valve 10. The electromagnetic valve 10 controls the outlet pipe to connect to the outlet of heat exchanger 4 or heat exchanger 5.

[0016] Among them, the shell (1) is a double-layer stainless steel structure with a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant coating on the inner wall, and the heat exchanger one (4) and heat exchanger two (5) are copper coils with a diameter of 10mm.

[0017] Both chambers are filled with phase change heat storage material 6. The first chamber is filled with paraffin-based material with a phase change temperature of 60°C, and the spare chamber is filled with hydrated salt material with a phase change temperature of 70°C, thereby meeting the user's hot water needs.

[0018] The thermal insulation cotton 7 is filled between the phase change heat storage material 6 and the inner wall of the shell 1. In this embodiment, the thermal insulation cotton 7 is centrifugal glass wool with a density of 10 kg / m³ and a thickness of 30 mm.

[0019] Temperature sensors are installed inside both chambers. Temperature sensor 8 is located in the first chamber, and temperature sensor 9 is located in the spare chamber. They are used to detect the temperature of the phase change heat storage material 6 in the two chambers.

[0020] The working principle of this utility model:

[0021] During the heat storage phase, when sunlight is sufficient, water from the inlet pipe flows to heat exchanger 4 and heat exchanger 5 respectively. Photovoltaic panel 11 heats DC heating rod 2, and AC power is used to heat AC heating rod 3. When the temperature detected by temperature sensor 9 is greater than or equal to the heat storage set temperature, the AC power is disconnected, stopping the heating of AC heating rod 3. Initially, the outlet of heat exchanger 4 is connected to the outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10, and the outlet of heat exchanger 5 is disconnected via solenoid valve 10. At this time, the backup chamber is ready for hot water. When sunlight is insufficient, the outlet of heat exchanger 4 is disconnected from the outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10, and the outlet of heat exchanger 5 is connected via solenoid valve 10, and AC power is connected to heat AC heating rod 3. In this case, only the backup chamber is used to provide hot water to users.

[0022] During the water usage phase, initially, the outlet of heat exchanger 4 is connected to the water outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10, while the outlet of heat exchanger 5 is disconnected from the water outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10. When the user turns on the water tap, the hot water in the first chamber is used first. If, during the water usage process, the temperature of temperature sensor 8 is less than or equal to the heat storage set temperature, it indicates that the power provided by photovoltaic panel 11 is insufficient. At this time, the outlet of heat exchanger 4 is disconnected from the water outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10, while the outlet of heat exchanger 5 is connected to the water outlet pipe via solenoid valve 10, and AC power is connected to heat AC heating rod 3. At this time, the user can use the backup hot water in the backup chamber to meet the user's continuous hot water needs without waiting.

[0023] If a user has a large hot water consumption and sufficient sunlight, the user can choose to use both photovoltaic power and mains power simultaneously.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater, comprising a water heater housing (1), an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe, characterized in that: The housing (1) has two independent cavities, namely the first cavity and the spare cavity. The first cavity is equipped with a DC electric heating rod (2) and a heat exchanger (4). The DC electric heating rod (2) is powered by a photovoltaic panel (11) located on the outside of the housing (1). The spare cavity is equipped with an AC electric heating rod (3) and a heat exchanger (5). The AC electric heating rod (3) is powered by mains electricity. The inlets of the heat exchanger (4) and the heat exchanger (5) are connected to the water inlet pipe. The outlet pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve (10) with two inlets. The outlets of the heat exchanger (4) and the heat exchanger (5) are respectively connected to the two inlets of the solenoid valve (10).

2. The photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cavity and the spare cavity are symmetrical to each other and are the same size.

3. A photovoltaic direct-drive phase-change water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is filled with phase change heat storage material (6).

4. A photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase change heat storage material (6) is filled with thermal insulation cotton (7) between itself and the water heater shell (1).

5. A photovoltaic direct-drive phase-change water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger one (4) and heat exchanger two (5) are serpentine heat exchangers.

6. A photovoltaic direct-drive phase change water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature sensor 1 (8) is installed in the first cavity to detect the temperature of the phase change heat storage material (6) in the first cavity, and temperature sensor 2 (9) is installed in the spare cavity to detect the temperature of the phase change heat storage material (6) in the spare cavity.

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