Flood prevention early warning device for grain storage warehouse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flood prevention early warning device for a grain storage warehouse, which overcomes the problem that the water level cannot be detected at a ventilation opening, and comprises an alarm lamp, a main control box, a sealing cover plate, two liquid level probes, a waterproof hose and a main control board, the alarm lamp is installed on an upper box plate of the main control box through a bottom end bolt, the two liquid level probes are installed on a lower box plate of the main control box through the top ends, and one end of the waterproof hose is installed on the lower box plate. The main control board is fixed on a rear box plate of the main control box; a power line of the alarm lamp is connected with an output end connector P2 of the alarm lamp control circuit in the main control board; the introduced network port line and the introduced power line are respectively connected with an Ethernet interface circuit RJ45 chip interface J1 of a network port chip circuit in the main control board and a connector P7 of a power supply to-5V part of a power supply circuit in the main control board; one ends of signal lines of the two liquid level probes are welded on the liquid level probes, and the other ends of the signal lines of the two liquid level probes are connected with a connector P1 of a main control chip circuit in the main control board; and the sealing cover plate is fixed on the main control box through bolts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a flood control device for grain warehouses, and more specifically, to a flood early warning device for grain storage warehouses. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation vents in grain storage silos are fundamental infrastructure. During periods of heavy rain or torrential downpours, the water level in the grain depot rises. When the water level reaches a certain height, it may enter the grain storage through the ventilation vents, causing serious damage to the grain and severely impacting its quality and the overall storage capacity of the grain silo. Current technology has the problem that water levels cannot be monitored at the ventilation vents; instead, manual inspections are required periodically, which is inefficient, time-consuming, and cannot provide real-time monitoring of water levels, while also being labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the problem that the water level cannot be detected at the ventilation opening in the existing technology, and to provide a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses includes an alarm light, a main control box, a sealing cover, two identical liquid level probes, a waterproof hose, and a main control board; the alarm light is vertically inserted into three light holes on the upper panel of the main control box through three bolts at its bottom end, and the alarm light is fixed to the upper panel of the main control box with nuts on the inside side of the upper panel; the two identical liquid level probes are vertically installed in smooth holes on the lower panel of the main control box through their top ends, and the two identical liquid level probes are fixed to the lower panel of the main control box with nuts on the inside side of the lower panel; one end of the waterproof hose is inserted into a large smooth hole on the lower panel from below the main control box, and the waterproof hose is fixed to the lower panel with nuts on the inside side of the lower panel. The water hose is fixed to the lower panel of the main control box; the main control board is bolted to the rear panel of the main control box; the power cord of the alarm light is inserted into the main control box through the cable hole on the upper panel of the main control box and connected to the output connector P2 of the alarm light control circuit in the main control board; the network cable and power cord introduced from the external grain silo control cabinet are inserted into the main control box through the waterproof hose and connected to the RJ45 chip interface J1 of the Ethernet interface circuit of the network chip circuit in the main control board and the connector P7 of the power supply to 5V section of the power supply circuit in the main control board, respectively; one end of the signal wires of the two identical liquid level probes is soldered to the threaded top of the liquid level probe, and the other end is inserted into the main control box and connected to the connector P1 of the main control chip circuit in the main control board; the sealing cover is installed at the opening of the main control box and fixed with bolts.

[0005] The main control box described in the technical solution is a rectangular box with an open front end. The upper panel of the main control box has three identical mounting holes for connecting the main control box to the alarm light, and one wiring hole. The three identical mounting holes are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape, and the wiring hole is located at the center point of the three mounting holes. At the four corners of the control box's interior cavity are identical quarter-circle bodies with a cross-section equal to the length of the quarter-circle body and the depth of the main control box's interior cavity. A screw hole is located at the center of the front end of each quarter-circle body along its axis. The four identical quarter-circle bodies have two long rectangular planes and... The inner walls of the main control box are fixedly connected at the four corners of the box cavity. The front faces of the four identical quarter-circle main bodies are coplanar with the front face of the main control box opening. The screw holes on the front ends of the four identical quarter-circle main bodies are aligned with the smooth holes at the four corners of the sealing cover. The four corners of the bottom plate at the rear of the main control box have smooth main control board fixing holes for fixed connection with the main control board. The left end of the lower box plate of the main control box has two identical liquid level probe holes for smooth connection between the main control box and the liquid level probe. The right side of the two identical liquid level probe holes has a waterproof hose connection hole, which is a smooth round hole.

[0006] The sealing cover described in the technical solution is a rectangular flat plate structure. The length and width of the sealing cover are equal to the length and width of the main control box opening. Smooth holes are provided at the four corners of the sealing cover for fixing it to the main control box with screws. The smooth holes at the four corners of the sealing cover are aligned with the screw holes at the four corners of the main control box.

[0007] The liquid level probe described in the technical solution includes a liquid level probe rod and a nut. The liquid level probe rod is a stepped shaft-type straight rod, including an upper screw, a hexagonal prism, a lower screw, a middle cylindrical rod, and a lower cylindrical rod. The upper end of the liquid level probe rod, i.e., the upper screw, is provided with a top thread. The upper screw with the top thread and the nut are used to fix the liquid level probe to the lower panel of the main control box. The hexagonal prism is a straight rod in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism. The lower screw is a cylindrical copper straight rod with threads machined on it. The middle cylindrical rod is a cylindrical straight rod made of PTFE. The lower cylindrical rod is a cylindrical straight rod made of stainless steel. The upper screw, hexagonal prism, and lower screw... The rod and the lower cylindrical rod are fixedly connected together in sequence to form a straight rod. The middle cylindrical rod is fitted onto the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod. The axes of symmetry of the upper screw rod, hexagonal spur rod, lower screw rod, middle cylindrical rod, and lower cylindrical rod are collinear. The diameters of the hexagonal spur rod, lower screw rod, middle cylindrical rod, and lower cylindrical rod are successively larger than the diameter of the next component, and the diameter of the upper screw rod is smaller than the diameter of the lower cylindrical rod. The four parts, the upper screw rod, hexagonal spur rod, lower screw rod, and lower cylindrical rod, are welded together. The middle cylindrical rod is fixed to the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod with glue, and the top end of the middle cylindrical rod is connected and fixed to the lower end face of the lower screw rod with glue. The thread structure of the nut is the same as the thread structure at the top end of the upper screw rod.

[0008] The waterproof hose described in the technical solution includes a hose connector and a hose; the middle section of the hose connector is a hollow hexagonal prism shaped like a hexagonal nut, and the top of the hexagonal prism is provided with a tubular threaded interface, which matches the structural dimensions of a No. 2 hexagonal nut. The bottom of the hexagonal prism is provided with a round tubular interface for connecting to the hose. The threaded interface, the hexagonal prism, and the threaded connector are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom. The symmetrical center lines of the threaded interface, the hexagonal prism, and the threaded connector are collinear. The top tubular threaded interface, the middle hollow hexagonal prism, and the bottom round tubular interface are connected; the hose is made of PA-6 nylon corrugated pipe, and the hose and hose connector are connected by heat fusion.

[0009] The main control board described in the technical solution includes a main control chip circuit, a network port chip circuit, a power supply circuit, and an alarm light control circuit. The main control chip circuit includes a main control chip U1, a download circuit, and an ADC interface. The network port chip circuit includes an Ethernet power supply circuit, an Ethernet chip circuit, and an Ethernet interface circuit. The power supply circuit includes a 5V to 5V section, a 5V to 3.3V section, and a 5V to 1.8V section. The alarm light control circuit includes a power input terminal, a signal input terminal, and an output terminal. The main control chip circuit is located in the lower middle part of the main control board, with the main control chip U1 in the middle position. The external interface P2 of the download circuit and the ADC interface are also described. The C interface P1 is located below the main control chip U1. The network port chip circuit is located in the upper right part of the main control board. The Ethernet power circuit and Ethernet chip circuit are close to the main control chip circuit, while the Ethernet interface circuit is located in the upper right corner of the main control board. The power circuit is located in the upper left part of the main control board. The 5V to 3.3V and 5V to 1.8V sections are close to the main control chip circuit, while the power to 5V section is located in the upper left corner of the main control board. The connector P7 in the voltage conversion circuit of the power to 5V section is located in the upper left corner of the main control board. The alarm light control circuit is located in the lower left part of the main control board. The output end of the alarm light control circuit, i.e., connector JP2, is located in the lower left corner of the main control board for easy connection with the alarm light.

[0010] The VCC+5V0 power supply circuit of the main control board is connected to the VCC+EXT terminal of the power input terminal of the alarm light control circuit. The VCC+3V3 part is connected to the VCC+3V3 terminal of the main control chip circuit and the network chip circuit. The VCC+1V8 part is connected to the VCC+1V8 terminal of the network chip circuit. The grounding pins of all circuits on the main control board are connected to a unified electrical ground. The main control chip circuit is connected to the network chip circuit and the alarm light control circuit. Specifically, pins 53, 54, 29, and 30 of the main control chip U1 are connected to the USART5_TX, USART5_RX, USART3_TX, and USART3_RX pins of the CH9121 chip in the Ethernet chip circuit of the network chip circuit, respectively. Pin 39 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the Alarm_Light signal input terminal of the alarm light control circuit. Pin 20 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the ADC_IN4 of the ADC interface P1.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] 1. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model will directly upload the real-time water level to the main control box, and the grain warehouse control cabinet will transmit the signal to the staff's mobile phone, so that the staff can obtain real-time data in a timely manner and take corresponding measures;

[0013] 2. The flood prevention early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model has an early warning function. When the water level continues to rise and there is a risk of flooding the ventilation openings, it will conduct a pre-detection and report to the grain warehouse control cabinet and warehouse management personnel, providing a more intelligent, efficient and accurate early warning.

[0014] 3. The flood prevention early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model can provide a signal to the grain warehouse control cabinet. When the water level is about to rise to submerge the ventilation openings and the staff has not closed the ventilation openings in advance, the flood prevention early warning device for grain storage warehouses will communicate with the grain warehouse control cabinet to prompt the closure of the ventilation openings to avoid flooding. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is an axonometric projection view of the structural composition of the flood prevention early warning device for a grain storage warehouse as described in this utility model when it is in the closed state;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an axonometric projection view of the structure of the flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to this utility model after removing the sealing cover plate;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the structural composition of a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a left view of the structural composition of a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is an axonometric projection view of the alarm light structure in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is an axonometric projection view of the main control box structure in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is an axonometric projection view of the sealing cover structure in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is an axonometric projection view of the liquid level probe structure in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is an axonometric projection view of the waterproof hose structure used in the flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is an axonometric projection view of the main control board structure in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller, the main control chip of the main control board in the flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the network port chip circuit of the main control board in the flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of the main control board in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to this utility model.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the alarm light control circuit of the main control board in a flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Alarm light, 2. Main control box, 3. Sealing cover, 4. Liquid level probe, 5. Waterproof hose, 6. Main control board, 7. Fixing screw, 8. Fixing hole, 9. Screw hole, 10. Main control board fixing hole, 11. Liquid level probe hole, 12. Waterproof hose connector, 13. Smooth hole, 14. Upper screw, 15. Hexagonal column rod, 16. Lower screw, 17. Middle cylindrical rod, 18. Lower cylindrical rod, 19. Wiring hole, 20. Hose connector, 21. Hose, 22. Main control chip circuit, 23. Network port chip circuit, 24. Power supply circuit, 25. Alarm light control circuit, 26. Alarm light body. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses described in this utility model includes an alarm light 1, a main control box 2, a sealing cover 3, two identical liquid level probes 4, a waterproof hose 5, and a main control board 6.

[0033] See Figure 5 The alarm light 1 includes an alarm light body 26 and a fixing screw 7;

[0034] The alarm light body 26 uses an LTE-1101J model alarm light, which is a waterproof and dustproof high-decibel audible and visual alarm equipped with LED beads. It operates on a 24V power supply and has three identical fixing screws 7 at its bottom, arranged at the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. In this embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent fixing screws 7 is 58mm, and the diameter of each screw 7 is M2.35. The power cord for the alarm light 1 is led out from the center of the three fixing screws 7, with the positive wire being red and the ground wire being black. When the alarm light 1 is powered on, the buzzer alarm in the alarm light 1 can reach over 85 decibels, with a maximum of 110 decibels. The LED light emits light in a rotating manner. The buzzer base is made of ABS material, allowing the alarm light 1 to emit a loud sound from the bottom with fast propagation speed. The upper lampshade is translucent and drop-resistant, with multi-faceted refraction light sources that are not easily broken. It uses a thick, sturdy, and transparent PC lampshade with a smooth and bright surface, and is waterproof, dustproof, and sun-proof.

[0035] See Figure 6The main control box 2 is a rectangular box with an open front end. The upper panel of the main control box 2 has three identical mounting holes 8 and one wiring hole 19 for connecting the main control box 2 and the alarm light 1. The three identical mounting holes 8 are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape. In this embodiment, the center points of the three identical mounting holes 8 are 58mm apart, and they are unthreaded. The diameter of each of the three mounting holes 8 is 6mm. The wiring hole 19 is located at the center point of the three mounting holes 8. In this embodiment, the wiring hole 19 is a smooth hole with a diameter of 3mm. The power and control wires of the alarm light 1 are inserted through this wiring hole 19 into the main control box 2 and connected to the main control board 6.

[0036] At the four corners of the main control box 2's inner cavity, there are four identical quarter-circle bodies with a quarter-circle cross-section. The length of each quarter-circle body is equal to the depth of the main control box 2's inner cavity. A screw hole 9 is located at the center of the front end of each quarter-circle body along its axis. The two long rectangular planes of the four identical quarter-circle bodies are fixedly connected to the inner wall surfaces of the four corners of the main control box 2's inner cavity. The front ends of the four identical quarter-circle bodies are flush with the front end of the main control box 2's opening. The screw holes 9 at the front ends of the four identical quarter-circle bodies are aligned with the smooth holes 13 located at the four corners of the sealing cover 3. In this embodiment, the main control box 2 is connected to the sealing cover 3 using M2.35 threaded 304 stainless steel screws with a thread length of 35mm, a head diameter of 3.2mm, a head thickness of 1.3mm, and a cross groove on the head. At the four corners of the rear end of the main control box 2's bottom plate, there are… A smooth main control board fixing hole 10 is provided for fixed connection with the main control board 6. In this embodiment, the diameter of the main control board fixing hole 10 is 4.4mm, and it is unthreaded. Screws are inserted into the fixing holes at the four corners of the main control board 6 and the main control board fixing holes 10 at the four corners of the bottom plate of the main control box 2, and then fixed with matching nuts. At the left end of the lower plate of the main control box 2, there are two identical liquid level probe holes 11 that are smoothly connected to the liquid level probe 4. In this embodiment, the diameter of the liquid level probe hole 11 is 4.4mm, and it is unthreaded. The liquid level probe hole 11 and the upper screw 14 of the liquid level probe 4 have the same cross-sectional area. A waterproof hose connection hole 12 is provided on the right side of the two identical liquid level probe holes 11. The waterproof hose connection hole 12 is a smooth round hole. In this embodiment, the diameter of the waterproof hose connection hole 12 is 7mm. The network cable and power cable are inserted into the waterproof hose 5 installed on the waterproof hose connection hole 12 and connected to the grain warehouse control cabinet.

[0037] See Figure 7The sealing cover 3 is a rectangular flat plate structure. The length and width of the sealing cover 3 are equal to the length and width of the opening of the main control box 2. The four corners of the sealing cover 3 are provided with smooth holes 13 for fixing to the main control box 2 with screws. The smooth holes 13 at the four corners of the sealing cover 3 and the screw holes 9 at the four corners of the main control box 2 are aligned.

[0038] See Figure 8 The liquid level probe 4 includes a liquid level probe rod and a nut;

[0039] The liquid level probe rod is a stepped shaft-type straight rod, including an upper screw 14, a hexagonal column rod 15, a lower screw 16, a middle cylindrical rod 17, and a lower cylindrical rod 18;

[0040] The upper end of the liquid level probe rod, i.e., the upper screw 14, is provided with a top thread. The upper screw 14 with the top thread is used with a nut to fix the liquid level probe 4 to the lower box plate of the main control box 2. The hexagonal prism rod 15 is a straight rod in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism. In the embodiment, the height of the hexagonal prism rod 15 is 8mm, and the length of the connecting top thread is 13mm. The lower screw 16 is a cylindrical copper straight rod with threads machined on it. In the embodiment, the height of the lower screw 16 is 14mm. The middle cylindrical rod 17 is a cylindrical straight rod made of PTFE material. In the embodiment, the length of the middle cylindrical rod 17 is 24mm, and an inner through hole is provided along the axis of the middle cylindrical rod 17. The inner diameter of the inner hole is the same as the diameter of the lower cylindrical rod 18. The lower cylindrical rod 18 is a cylindrical straight rod made of American standard 304 stainless steel. In the embodiment, the length of the lower cylindrical rod 18 is 340mm, and the diameter is 4.4mm.

[0041] The upper screw 14, hexagonal spur rod 15, lower screw 16, and lower cylindrical rod 18 are sequentially fixed together to form a straight rod. The middle cylindrical rod 17 is coaxially assembled on the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod 18, and the two are connected in a sleeve relationship. The axes of symmetry of the upper screw 14, hexagonal spur rod 15, lower screw 16, middle cylindrical rod 17, and lower cylindrical rod 18 are collinear. The diameters of the hexagonal spur rod 15, lower screw 16, middle cylindrical rod 17, and lower cylindrical rod 18 are successively larger than the diameter of the next component. The diameter of the upper screw 14 is smaller than the diameter of the lower cylindrical rod 18. The four components of the upper screw 14, hexagonal spur rod 15, lower screw 16, and lower cylindrical rod 18 are welded together. The middle cylindrical rod 17 is fixed to the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod 18 with glue, and the top end of the middle cylindrical rod 17 is connected and fixed to the lower end face of the lower screw 16 with glue.

[0042] The nut is of M4 specification, and its thread parameters (including pitch, thread angle, etc.) are precisely matched with the top thread of the upper screw 14, which meets the mating requirements of the threaded pair and can realize a reliable screw-in connection between the two.

[0043] See Figure 9The waterproof hose 5 includes a hose connector 20 and a hose 21;

[0044] The middle section of the hose connector 20 is a hollow hexagonal prism shaped like a hexagonal nut. The top of the hexagonal prism is provided with a tubular threaded interface. In this embodiment, the threaded interface has an inner diameter of 19mm and an outer diameter of 20mm. The structural dimensions of the threaded interface match the structural dimensions of the No. 2 hexagonal nut. The bottom of the hexagonal prism is provided with a round tubular interface. In this embodiment, the round tubular interface has an inner diameter of 18mm and an outer diameter of 20mm. The round tubular interface is used to connect with the hose 21. The threaded interface, the hexagonal prism, and the round tubular interface are fixedly connected from top to bottom. The symmetrical center lines of the threaded interface, the hexagonal prism, and the round tubular interface are collinear. The tubular threaded interface at the top, the hollow hexagonal prism in the middle section, and the round tubular interface at the bottom are connected.

[0045] The hose 21 is made of PA-6 nylon corrugated pipe. In this embodiment, the hose 21 has an outer diameter of 18mm, an inner diameter of 14.3mm, and a bending radius of 40mm. It is glossy black, flexible, and has good pressure and tensile strength, as well as good bending properties. The hose 21 and the hose connector 20 are connected by heat fusion. A heat fusion tool (such as a hot air gun or heat fusion machine) is used to heat the connection area of ​​the PA-6 nylon plastic corrugated pipe and the plastic hose connector 20, causing the plastic parts of both to melt. While molten, the molten end of the hose 21 is quickly inserted into the molten end of the hose connector 20. After cooling, the plastic solidifies again, achieving a firm connection.

[0046] One end of the waterproof hose 5 is connected to the lower panel in the main control box 2, and the other end is connected to the grain warehouse control cabinet. The power cord and network cable of the main control board 6 of the grain storage warehouse flood prevention early warning device of this utility model are connected to the grain warehouse control cabinet through this hose.

[0047] See Figure 10 The main control board 6 includes a main control chip circuit 22, a network port chip circuit 23, a power supply circuit 24, and an alarm light control circuit 25.

[0048] See Figure 11 The main control chip circuit 22 includes a main control chip U1, a download circuit, a clock circuit, and an ADC interface.

[0049] The main control chip U1 uses an STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller, whose pins and functions are as follows:

[0050] ADC_IN4(PA4): Analog input channel 4, which can be connected to analog signals for analog-to-digital conversion;

[0051] SWDIO (PA13), SWCLK (PA14): These are serial line debug data input and serial line debug clock pins used for debugging. Programs can be downloaded and debugged via the SWD interface.

[0052] Alarm_Light: This is a single-bus signal input used to control the on / off state of the alarm light circuit;

[0053] PB0(ETH_CFG0): Ethernet configuration;

[0054] PB10 (USART3_TX) and PB11 (USART3_RX): Used for the USART3 interface to realize communication and data transmission with the grain warehouse control cabinet;

[0055] VCC+3V3_MCU: Provides 3.3V power to the main control chip U1, and filters it through inductor FB1 and capacitor C6 to stabilize the power supply voltage;

[0056] OSC_IN / PD0 (pin 5) and OSC_OUT / PD1 (pin 6): Connect to an external high-speed oscillator to provide the system clock for the main control chip U1;

[0057] BOOT0 (pin 60) and BOOT1 (pin 28) are used to set the startup mode of the main control chip U1. Different startup modes can be configured by grounding or leaving resistor R2 floating.

[0058] The download circuit includes an external interface P2 and a pull-up resistor R20. The download circuit provides the hardware path for downloading the program to the main control chip U1.

[0059] The clock circuit includes an SG-310SCF 8MHz L crystal oscillator and resistor R30. The clock circuit provides a clock signal to the main control chip U1.

[0060] The ADC interface uses a KF301-2P interface terminal for inputting the liquid level probe 4 signal.

[0061] See Figure 12 The network port chip circuit 23 includes an Ethernet power supply circuit, an Ethernet chip circuit, and an Ethernet interface circuit.

[0062] The Ethernet power supply circuit includes a VCC+3V3 power supply circuit and a VCC+1V8 power supply circuit.

[0063] The Ethernet power supply circuit provides 3.3V and 1.8V power supply voltages to the Ethernet chip circuit and Ethernet interface circuit respectively; it has multiple capacitors (C32 to C46) connected between the power supply and ground (GND). These capacitors act as filters to stabilize the power supply voltage and reduce the impact of power supply noise on the circuit.

[0064] The Ethernet chip circuit includes Ethernet communication chip U13, crystal oscillator U14, and resistor R58.

[0065] The Ethernet chip circuit uses the CH9121 Ethernet communication chip U13.

[0066] Pinout and functions of Ethernet communication chip U13:

[0067] USART3_TX (pin 57) and USART3_RX (pin 58) are also used for serial communication, and are the transmit and receive pins of serial port 3;

[0068] ETH_TCPCS (pin 30), ETH_RUN (pin 31), ETH_RESET (pin 59), ETH_CFG0 (pin 60) and ETH_RSTI (pin 36) are related to Ethernet functions and are used for Ethernet control, status indication and configuration, etc.

[0069] The connection status and activity indicators of DIR (pin 51), ACT# (pin 52), LINK# (pin 53), and Ethernet are related;

[0070] RXP (pin 4), RXN (pin 5), TXP (pin 7), and TXN (pin 8) are differential signal pins for Ethernet, used for receiving and transmitting Ethernet data.

[0071] RSETE (pin 1) is grounded through resistor R58 and is used for the reset and enable functions of Ethernet communication chip U13;

[0072] ETH XI (pin 10) and ETH XO (pin 11) are the crystal oscillator input and output pins of the Ethernet communication chip U13, which are connected to an external crystal oscillator to provide clock signals;

[0073] The U14 mentioned is a crystal oscillator of model X322530MOB4SI, which provides a clock signal for the Ethernet section. Its pin 1 (ETH_XO) and pin 3 (ETH_XI) are connected to the circuit respectively, and there are capacitors C47 and C48 connected in parallel with it to stabilize the crystal oscillator frequency.

[0074] The Ethernet interface circuit includes an Ethernet connector J1, capacitors C25 and C29, and resistors R38, R52-R59.

[0075] The Ethernet connector J1 is an HR911105A Ethernet connector, with the following pin configurations and functions:

[0076] R38 ETH_RX_N (pin 49), R38 ETH_RX_P (pin 50), R35 ETH_RX_N (pin 53), and R35 ETH_RX_P (pin 54) are differential pins for receiving Ethernet signals and are connected to an external network.

[0077] R33 ETH_TX_N (pin 57), R33 ETH_TX_P (pin 58), R34 ETH_TX_N (pin 61), and R34 ETH_TX_P (pin 62) are differential pins for transmitting Ethernet signals, used to send data to an external network.

[0078] Resistors (R38, R52, R53, R54, R55, R56, R57, R59) are used for current limiting to protect circuit components and prevent excessive current from damaging them.

[0079] Figure 12 This paper demonstrates a circuit design that integrates serial and Ethernet communication functions. The CH9121 Ethernet communication chip U13 plays a crucial role in implementing data conversion and transmission between the serial port and Ethernet, while the HR911105A Ethernet connector handles the physical connection and signal processing of the Ethernet interface. Other components in the circuit, such as capacitors, resistors, and crystal oscillators, provide necessary support and assurance for the normal operation of the entire circuit.

[0080] See Figure 13 The power supply circuit 24 includes a 5V to 5V section, a 5V to 3.3V section, and a 5V to 1.8V section.

[0081] The aforementioned power-to-5V conversion section includes a reverse power connection protection circuit and a voltage conversion circuit:

[0082] The reverse power supply protection circuit consists of AO3401 MOSFET Q1, resistors R42, R43, R44 and LED3 (red); when the power supply is reversed, Q1 will not conduct, thus protecting the circuit, and LED3 will light up as a reverse connection warning.

[0083] The voltage conversion circuit includes TPS54331DR(U4), BL8568CB5ATR18(U12), BL8568CB5ATR33(U16), capacitors C7, C9, C10, C11, C13, C14, C15, C18, C19, C20, C21, C22, C24, resistors R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R18, R42, R43, R44, diode D2, inductor L1, transistor Q1 (AO3401), indicator LED3, fuse F5, connector P7 and connection port P8;

[0084] The core component is the TPS54331DR(U4), which is a buck converter chip.

[0085] Working principle: After the input voltage passes through the filter circuit composed of inductor L1, capacitors C11, C19, C20, etc., it enters TPS54331DR(U4); TPS54331DR(U4) steps down the input voltage to 5.333V output according to the configuration of external resistors R13, R14, R15, R16, R18 (according to the formula Vout=0.8*(R1 / R2+1), where R1=10.2K, R2=1.8K), which supplies power to the alarm light control circuit 25.

[0086] Capacitors C7, C9, C10, C11, C13, C14, C15, C18, C19, C20, C21, C22, and C24 are used for filtering and stabilizing voltage.

[0087] Diode D2 is an SS54 diode. Diode D2 is used to prevent inductor current backflow and protect the circuit.

[0088] The 5V to 3.3V conversion section includes a voltage conversion chip U16 (BL8568CB5ATR33), capacitors C18 and C21.

[0089] The core component is BL8568CB5ATR33(U16), which is a step-down converter chip. The BL8568CB5ATR33(U16) converts 5V to 3.3V to power the main control chip circuit 22. Capacitors C18 and C21 are used for filtering.

[0090] The 5V to 1.8V conversion section includes a voltage conversion chip BL8568CB5ATR18(U12), capacitors C7 and C24.

[0091] The core component is BL8568CB5ATR18(U12), which is a step-down converter chip. The BL8568CB5ATR18(U12) converts 5V to 1.8V to power the network port chip circuit 23. Capacitors C7 and C24 are used for filtering.

[0092] The power supply circuit 24 includes multiple grounding terminals, which are represented by the symbol GND in the figure, to ensure that the potential reference points of each part of the circuit are consistent.

[0093] The power supply circuit 24 has filter capacitors at each voltage output terminal and power input terminal to filter out high-frequency noise, stabilize voltage, and ensure normal operation of the circuit.

[0094] The power supply circuit 24 converts a wide range of input voltages into various stable output voltages, providing a suitable power supply. It also has a reverse connection protection function, which improves the reliability and stability of the circuit.

[0095] See Figure 14 The alarm light control circuit 25 includes a power input terminal, a control circuit, a signal input terminal, and an output terminal;

[0096] The power input terminal is VCC+EXT in the alarm light control circuit 25, which provides energy to the entire alarm light control circuit 25. The external input voltage is 24V.

[0097] The control circuit includes resistors R17, R19, R28, diode Q2 (AO3401A), transistor Q4 (DTC143ZCA), fuse F3, and connector JP2;

[0098] The resistors R17 (1K / 1%) and R19 (1K / 1%) together with Q4 form a simple voltage divider circuit to divide the voltage of the Alarm_Light signal to match the base drive requirements of Q4.

[0099] The resistor R28 is a pull-down resistor, which ensures that the base of Q4 remains at a low level when there is no signal input.

[0100] Q2 is a P-channel MOSFET of model AO3401A, which acts as a switching element. When the gate voltage is lower than the source voltage by a certain value, the MOSFET is turned on, allowing current to flow from the source to the drain; conversely, the MOSFET is turned off, cutting off the current path.

[0101] Q4 is an NPN transistor of model DTC143ZCA, which is used to control the gate voltage of Q2;

[0102] The F3, model number BSMD0805L-150, is a fuse used to blow in case of abnormal conditions such as overcurrent in the circuit, protecting other components in the alarm light control circuit 25 from damage.

[0103] The signal input terminal is Alarm_Light in the alarm light control circuit 25, which is used to control the on / off state of the entire alarm light control circuit 25. When the signal at the Alarm_Light input terminal is high, after voltage division by R17 and R19, the base voltage of Q4 is insufficient to turn it on, the gate voltage of Q2 is equal to VCC+EXT, and Q2 is off. When the signal at the Alarm_Light input terminal is low, Q4 turns on, pulling down the gate voltage of Q2, and Q2 turns on. Current can flow from the external power input terminal VCC+EXT through Q2, fuse F3, and connector JP2.

[0104] The output terminal is connector JP2 in the alarm light control circuit 25, which is a connector of model XH2.54mm, used to connect external loads or other circuits.

[0105] The main control board 6 includes a main control chip circuit 22, a network port chip circuit 23, a power supply circuit 24, and an alarm light control circuit 25. The main control chip circuit 22 is located in the lower middle part of the main control board 6, with the main control chip U1 in the middle position for easy connection with the network port chip circuit 23, power supply circuit 24, and alarm light control circuit 25. The external interface P2 and ADC interface P1 of the download circuit are located below the main control chip U1 for easy wiring during download. The network port chip circuit 23 is located in the upper right part of the main control board 6, with its Ethernet power supply circuit and Ethernet chip circuit close to the main control chip circuit 22, while the Ethernet interface circuit is located in the upper right corner of the main control board 6. The power supply circuit 24 is located in the upper left part of the main control board 6, with the 5V to 3.3V and 5V to 1.8V sections close to the main control chip circuit 22, and the power to 5V section located in the upper left corner of the main control board 6. Connector P7 is located in the upper left corner of the main control board 6 for easy connection to an external power source. The alarm light control circuit 25 is located in the lower left part of the main control board 6, and the connector JP2 is located in the lower left corner of the main control board 6 for easy connection with the alarm light 1.

[0106] The main control board 6 includes main control chip circuit 22, network port chip circuit 23, power supply circuit 24 and alarm light control circuit 25. The major components are connected according to the network labels of the pins in the schematic diagram. The power supply circuit 24 supplies power to each circuit. The VCC+5V0 terminal of the power supply circuit 24 is connected to the VCC+EXT terminal of the power input terminal of the alarm light control circuit 25. The VCC+3V3 part is connected to the VCC+3V3 terminal of the main control chip circuit 22 and the network port chip circuit 23. The VCC+1V8 part is connected to the VCC+1V8 terminal of the network port chip circuit 23. The ground (GND) pins of each circuit on the main control board 6 are electrically connected to form a unified grounding network. The main control chip circuit 22 communicates and transmits data with the network port chip circuit 23 and the alarm light control circuit 25. Specifically, pins 53, 54, 29, and 30 of the main control chip U1 are connected sequentially to the USART5_TX, USART5_RX, USART3_TX, and USART3_RX pins of the CH9121 chip in the Ethernet chip circuit of the network port chip circuit 23. Pin 39 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the Alarm_Light signal input terminal of the alarm light control circuit 25. Pin 20 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the ADC_IN4 terminal of the ADC interface P1.

[0107] The aforementioned flood prevention and early warning device for the grain storage warehouse is installed on the side wall of the ventilation opening. Alarm light 1 is located at the top of the main control box 2. Alarm light 1 is vertically inserted into the upper panel through three bolts at its bottom via three light holes and is fixed to the upper panel of the main control box 2 with nuts on the inside. The lower panel of the main control box 2 is flush with the lower surface of the ventilation opening. Two identical liquid level probes 4 are vertically installed in smooth holes 11 on the lower panel of the main control box 2 through their tops. The liquid level probes 4 are fixed to the lower panel of the main control box 2 with nuts on the inside. The liquid level probes 4 extend downwards from the main control box 2 to near the ground, fixing the main control box 2 to the wall. A waterproof hose 5 is inserted into a large smooth hole 12 on the lower panel of the main control box 2 from below. The side is fixed to the lower panel of the main control box 2 with nuts. The main control board 6 is fixed to the rear panel of the main control box 2. The power cord of the alarm light 1 is inserted into the main control box 2 through the wire hole 19 on the upper panel and connected to the output connector P2 of the alarm light control circuit 25 in the main control board 6. The network cable and power cord introduced from the external grain warehouse control cabinet are inserted into the main control box 2 through the waterproof hose 5 below and connected to the Ethernet interface circuit RJ45 chip interface J1 of the network chip circuit 23 in the main control board 6 and the power supply to 5V section connector P7 of the power circuit 24 in the main control board 6, respectively. One end of the signal line of the two identical liquid level probes 4 is soldered to the upper screw 14 of the two identical liquid level probes 4, and the other end is inserted into the main control box 2 and connected to the connector P1 of the main control chip circuit 22 in the main control board 6. The main control board 6 is located inside the main control box 2. The through holes at the four corners of the main control board 6 are aligned with the four smooth holes on the rear panel of the main control box 2, and the two are fixedly connected by mounting screws. The sealing cover 3 is installed at the opening of the main control box 2 and fixed with bolts.

[0108] The working principle of the flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses is as follows:

[0109] When power is supplied to the flood prevention and early warning device in the grain storage warehouse, the power cord is connected from the grain warehouse control cabinet to the main control board 6 inside the main control box 2 via a waterproof hose 5. The power circuit 24 converts the 24V voltage to 3.3V to power the main control chip circuit 22. The timer set inside the main control chip U1 periodically acquires ADC data from the sensor of the liquid level probe 4, and converts the liquid level ADC signal into data that the main control chip U1 can recognize and program through its built-in digital-to-analog conversion channel and circuit. After secondary processing and calculation by the main control chip U1, the data is converted into readable data, and then the liquid level information is judged for further processing. The next step involves the main control chip circuit 22 transmitting data via the network cable from USART3_TX (pin 29) to the grain warehouse control cabinet through the network port chip circuit 23. When the water level reaches a certain level, the main control chip U1 sends a signal to pull the Alarm_Light signal down to a low level, Q4 turns on, pulling down the gate voltage of Q2, Q2 turns on, and the current flows from VCC+EXT through Q2, fuse F3 and connector JP2. Connector JP2 is connected to the red wire of alarm light 1. When the red wire of alarm light 1 is connected to the 24V power supply signal, alarm light 1 lights up and is accompanied by an audible prompt.

Claims

1. A flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses, characterized in that, The aforementioned flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses includes an alarm light (1), a main control box (2), a sealing cover (3), two identical liquid level probes (4), a waterproof hose (5), and a main control board (6). The alarm light (1) is vertically inserted into three light holes on the upper panel of the main control box (2) by three bolts at its bottom end, and the alarm light (1) is fixed to the upper panel of the main control box (2) with nuts on the inside side of the upper panel of the main control box (2); two identical liquid level probes (4) are vertically installed in the liquid level probe holes (11) on the lower panel of the main control box (2) by their top ends, and the two identical liquid level probes (4) are fixed to the lower panel of the main control box (2) with nuts on the inside side of the lower panel of the main control box (2); one end of the waterproof hose (5) is inserted into the waterproof hose connector hole (12) on the lower panel of the main control box (2) from below, and the waterproof hose (5) is fixed to the lower panel of the main control box (2) with nuts on the inside side of the lower panel of the main control box (2); the main control board (6) is fixed to the rear panel of the main control box (2) with bolts; the alarm light (1) The power cord of the main control box (2) is inserted into the main control box (2) through the wire hole (19) on the upper box plate and connected to the output connector P2 of the alarm light control circuit (25) in the main control board (6); the network cable and power cord introduced from the external grain warehouse control cabinet are inserted into the main control box (2) through the waterproof hose (5) and connected to the Ethernet interface circuit RJ45 chip interface J1 of the network chip circuit (23) in the main control board (6) and the power supply to 5V part connector P7 of the power circuit (24) in the main control board (6); one end of the signal line of the two identical liquid level probes (4) is welded to the top thread of the liquid level probe (4), and the other end is inserted into the main control box (2) and connected to the connector P1 of the main control chip circuit (22) in the main control board (6); the sealing cover (3) is installed at the box opening of the main control box (2) and fixed with bolts.

2. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control box (2) is a rectangular box with an open front end. The upper box plate of the main control box (2) is provided with three identical fixing holes (8) and one wire hole (19) for connecting the main control box (2) and the alarm light (1). The three identical fixing holes (8) are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape, and the wire hole (19) is located at the center point of the three fixing holes (8). At the four corners of the inner cavity of the main control box (2), there are four identical quarter-circle bodies with a cross-section of one-quarter circle. The length of the quarter-circle body is equal to the depth of the inner cavity of the main control box (2). A screw hole (9) is provided along the axis at the center of the front end of the quarter-circle body. The two long rectangular planes of the four identical quarter-circle bodies are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box at the four corners of the inner cavity of the main control box (2). The front end face of the four identical quarter-circle bodies is coplanar with the front end face of the box opening of the main control box (2). The screw hole (9) at the front end is aligned with the smooth hole (13) at the four corners of the sealing cover plate (3); the four corners of the bottom plate at the rear end of the main control box (2) are provided with smooth main control board fixing holes (10) that are fixedly connected to the main control board (6); the left end of the lower plate of the main control box (2) is provided with two identical liquid level probe holes (11) that are smoothly connected to the liquid level probe (4); the right side of the two identical liquid level probe holes (11) is provided with a waterproof hose connection hole (12), which is a smooth round hole.

3. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing cover (3) is a rectangular flat plate structure. The length and width of the sealing cover (3) are equal to the length and width of the opening of the main control box (2). The four corners of the sealing cover (3) are provided with smooth holes (13) for fixing to the main control box (2) with screws. The smooth holes (13) at the four corners of the sealing cover (3) and the screw holes (9) at the four corners of the main control box (2) are aligned.

4. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level probe (4) includes a liquid level probe rod and a nut; The liquid level probe rod is a stepped shaft-type straight rod, including an upper screw (14), a hexagonal column rod (15), a lower screw (16), a middle cylindrical rod (17), and a lower cylindrical rod (18). The upper end of the liquid level probe rod, namely the upper screw (14), is provided with a top thread. The upper screw (14) with the top thread is used with a nut to fix the liquid level probe (4) on the lower box plate of the main control box (2); the hexagonal column rod (15) is a straight rod in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism; the lower screw (16) is a straight rod in the shape of a cylindrical copper rod with threads machined on it; the middle cylindrical rod (17) is a straight cylindrical rod in the shape of a PTFE material; the lower cylindrical rod (18) is a straight cylindrical rod in the shape of a stainless steel material. The upper screw (14), hexagonal spur rod (15), lower screw (16) and lower cylindrical rod (18) are fixedly connected together to form a straight rod. The middle cylindrical rod (17) is fitted on the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod (18). The axes of symmetry of the upper screw (14), hexagonal spur rod (15), lower screw (16), middle cylindrical rod (17) and lower cylindrical rod (18) are collinear. The diameters of the hexagonal spur rod (15), lower screw (16), middle cylindrical rod (17) and lower cylindrical rod (18) are successively larger than the diameter of the next component. The diameter of the upper screw (14) is smaller than the diameter of the lower cylindrical rod (18). The four parts, namely the upper screw (14), the hexagonal column rod (15), the lower screw (16) and the lower cylindrical rod (18), are connected by welding. The middle cylindrical rod (17) is fixed to the upper end of the lower cylindrical rod (18) with glue. The top end of the middle cylindrical rod (17) is connected and fixed to the lower end face of the lower screw (16) with glue. The thread structure of the nut is the same as that of the top thread of the upper screw (14).

5. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof hose (5) includes a hose connector (20) and a hose (21); The middle section of the hose connector (20) is a hollow hexagonal prism in the shape of a hexagonal nut. The top of the hexagonal prism is provided with a tubular threaded interface, which matches the structural dimensions of the No. 2 hexagonal nut. The bottom of the hexagonal prism is provided with a round tubular interface, which is used to connect with the hose (21). The threaded interface, the hexagonal prism and the threaded interface are fixedly connected from top to bottom. The symmetrical center lines of the threaded interface, the hexagonal prism and the threaded interface are collinear. The tubular threaded interface at the top, the hollow hexagonal prism in the middle section and the round tubular interface at the bottom are connected. The hose (21) is made of PA-6 nylon corrugated pipe, and the hose (21) and the hose connector (20) are heat-fused.

6. The flood prevention and early warning device for grain storage warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control board (6) includes a main control chip circuit (22), a network port chip circuit (23), a power supply circuit (24), and an alarm light control circuit (25). The main control chip circuit (22) includes a main control chip U1, a download circuit and an ADC interface; The aforementioned network port chip circuit (23) includes an Ethernet power supply circuit, an Ethernet chip circuit, and an Ethernet interface circuit; The power supply circuit (24) includes a 5V to 5V section, a 5V to 3.3V section, and a 5V to 1.8V section; The alarm light control circuit (25) includes a power input terminal, a signal input terminal, and an output terminal; The main control chip circuit (22) is located in the lower middle part of the main control board (6), the main control chip U1 is located in the middle, the external interface P2 of the download circuit and the ADC interface P1 are located below the main control chip U1, the network chip circuit (23) is located in the upper right part of the main control board (6), the Ethernet power circuit and the Ethernet chip circuit are close to the main control chip circuit (22), and the Ethernet interface circuit is located in the upper right corner of the main control board (6); the power circuit (24) is located in the upper left part of the main control board (6), the 5V to 3.3V part and the 5V to 1.8V part are close to the main control chip circuit (22), the power to 5V part is located in the upper left corner of the main control board (6), the connector P7 in the voltage conversion circuit of the power to 5V part is located in the upper left corner of the main control board (6); the alarm light control circuit (25) is located in the lower left part of the main control board (6), the output end of the alarm light control circuit (25), i.e. the connector JP2, is located in the lower left corner of the main control board (6) for easy connection with the alarm light (1); The VCC+5V0 of the power supply circuit (24) of the main control board (6) is connected to the VCC+EXT terminal of the power input terminal of the alarm light control circuit (25). The VCC+3V3 part is connected to the VCC+3V3 terminal of the main control chip circuit (22) and the network chip circuit (23). The VCC+1V8 part is connected to the VCC+1V8 terminal of the network chip circuit (23). The grounding pins of each circuit on the main control board (6) are connected to a unified electrical grounding connection. The main control chip circuit (22) is connected to the network chip circuit (23) and the alarm light control circuit. (25) Make connections, wherein pins 53, 54, 29 and 30 of the main control chip U1 are connected in sequence to the USART5_TX, USART5_RX, USART3_TX and USART3_RX pins of the CH9121 chip in the Ethernet chip circuit of the network port chip circuit (23); pin 39 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the Alarm_Light signal input terminal of the alarm light control circuit (25); pin 20 of the main control chip U1 is connected to the ADC_IN4 of the ADC interface P1.

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