Azeotropic tower head

Abstract

The utility model discloses an azeotropic tower head which comprises an ascending steam cylinder, a condenser is arranged on the outer side of the ascending steam cylinder, and the side wall of the top of the ascending steam cylinder is communicated with a shell pass of the condenser at the lower part of a condensing coil through a steam channel; a shell of the condenser below the bottom of the condensing coil is divided into a condensate collecting pipe and a light-phase backflow device through a partition plate, and a bottom outlet of the condensate backflow pipe in the shell of the condenser at the bottom of the condensing coil and a top liquid inlet of the condensate collecting pipe are oppositely arranged up and down. An outlet in the bottom of the condensate collecting pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet in the upper portion of the mixed-phase backflow device through a connecting pipe, liquid in the condensate collecting pipe can enter the mixed-phase backflow device and can also overflow into the light-phase backflow device, and the light-phase backflow device and the mixed-phase backflow device are each provided with an electromagnetic coil and a pendulum bob. And a backflow branch and an extraction branch are respectively arranged at the lower part. By adopting the structure, the reflux ratio can be accurately controlled, and mixed-phase reflux or light-phase reflux can be freely selected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an azeotropic column head, and more particularly to an azeotropic column head with two reflux condensers. Background Technology

[0002] Reflux is an important component of distillation, and for some extractive distillations and azeotropic distillations, the choice of reflux rate and reflux material is crucial to the distillation results. Therefore, this novel azeotropic column head is of great significance for some extractive distillations and azeotropic distillations. Chinese patent CN218106779U discloses "An internal reflux device for an experimental distillation column," which includes an outer sleeve welded to upper and lower flanges and connected to the column top condenser and column section via the flanges. Inside the outer sleeve, on one side, there is a vertically arranged rising vapor pipe, and on the other side, a liquid descending pipe. The liquid descending pipe consists of a reflux orifice, a reflux tube, and a pendulum funnel. The reflux orifice is a stepped orifice with a central offset. The reflux tube is a Z-shaped tube composed of an upper tube, a middle tube, and a lower tube connected in sequence. The pendulum funnel is made of titanium to reduce the weight of the pendulum, making it easier for the pendulum funnel to be attracted by the magnetic field generated by an energized electromagnetic coil. An iron plate is fixed to the outer wall of the dripping tube at the bottom of the funnel, and an electromagnetic coil is fixed to the outer wall of the reflux tube opposite the iron plate. Heat dissipation fins are installed at the tail of the electromagnetic coil. The problem with this structure is that it is an internal reflux structure, which is generally used for the distillation of easily solidified substances. However, the amount of reflux and extraction cannot be precisely controlled, and it can only control the mixed-phase reflux. It is not suitable for azeotropic and extractive distillation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an azeotropic column head that can accurately control the reflux ratio and freely select between mixed-phase reflux and light-phase reflux.

[0004] This utility model discloses an azeotropic tower head, comprising a rising steam cylinder. The bottom of the rising steam cylinder is connected to the steam outlet at the top of the tower body via a flanged flange. A temperature measuring sleeve is inserted at the bottom of the rising steam cylinder and extends out of the rising steam cylinder. A condenser is disposed on the outside of the rising steam cylinder. A condensing coil is installed in the upper part of the condenser shell, and the condenser shell located below the bottom of the condensing coil is divided into two parts by a partition: a condensate collection pipe and a light phase reflux pipe. The top sidewall of the rising steam cylinder is connected to the shell side of the condenser at the lower part of the condensing coil via a steam channel. The condensing coil in the condenser is connected to a condensate water supply source. The bottom outlet of the condensate reflux pipe located at the bottom of the condensing coil in the condenser shell is connected to the condensate collection pipe. The top inlets of the two devices are arranged opposite each other, so that the liquid flowing out from the bottom outlet of the condensate return pipe flows into the condensate collection pipe. The bottom outlet of the condensate collection pipe is connected to the upper inlet of the mixed-phase reflux device through a connecting pipe. The bottom of the mixed-phase reflux device is divided into a mixed-phase reflux branch and a mixed-phase extraction branch. A first valve and a second valve are installed on the mixed-phase reflux branch and the mixed-phase extraction branch, respectively. The bottom outlet of the mixed-phase reflux branch is connected to the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder through a connecting pipe. The bottom of the light-phase reflux device is divided into a light-phase reflux branch and a light-phase extraction branch. A third valve and a fourth valve are connected to the light-phase reflux branch and the light-phase extraction branch, respectively. The outlet of the light-phase reflux branch is connected to the connecting pipe located between the first valve and the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder.

[0005] A mixed-phase collection plate is installed inside the mixed-phase reflux device located below the upper inlet of the mixed-phase reflux device, and a light-phase collection plate is installed inside the light-phase reflux device located below the top inlet of the condensate collection pipe. A mixed-phase liquid collection port and a light-phase liquid collection port are respectively opened in the middle of the mixed-phase collection plate and the light-phase collection plate. The upper parts of the first pendulum and the second pendulum are respectively hinged to the mixed-phase liquid collection port and the light-phase liquid collection port. A first electromagnetic coil and a second electromagnetic coil are respectively installed on the side wall of the mixed-phase reflux device and the light-phase reflux device, directly opposite the pendulum. Under the action of the first electromagnetic coil, the first pendulum can deflect to above the top inlet of the mixed-phase reflux branch or above the top inlet of the mixed-phase extraction branch. Under the action of the second electromagnetic coil, the second pendulum can deflect to above the top inlet of the light-phase reflux branch or above the top inlet of the light-phase extraction branch.

[0006] The advantages of this invention are as follows: When used in a distillation unit, the azeotropic column head controls the reflux and extraction rates by controlling the reflux ratio while the vapor rises in the condenser. Ordinary azeotropic column heads have only one reflux ratio controller, which can only control the reflux ratio of miscible substances. However, this invention's azeotropic column head has two reflux ratio controllers, allowing for the selection of either the miscible or light phase reflux into the column according to distillation needs. This invention's azeotropic column head can reduce costs for some extractive distillations and azeotropic distillations, eliminating the need for two distillation columns and allowing for precise control of the reflux ratio, thus improving distillation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an azeotropic tower head according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0009] like Figure 1 The azeotropic tower head of this utility model, as shown, includes a rising steam cylinder 1. The bottom of the rising steam cylinder is connected to the steam outlet at the top of the tower body 15 via a flanged flange. A temperature measuring sleeve 2 is inserted at the bottom of the rising steam cylinder and extends out of the rising steam cylinder. A condenser is located outside the rising steam cylinder. A condensing coil 4 is installed in the upper part of the condenser shell. The condenser shell located below the bottom of the condensing coil is divided into two parts by a partition: a condensate collection pipe and a light phase reflux device. The top sidewall of the rising steam cylinder is connected to the shell side of the condenser at the lower part of the condensing coil via a steam channel 3. The condensing coil 4 inside the condenser is connected to the condensate water supply source. The bottom outlet of the condensate reflux pipe 5 located at the bottom of the condensing coil inside the condenser shell is vertically opposite to the top inlet of the condensate collection pipe 9, so that the liquid flowing out from the bottom outlet of the condensate reflux pipe flows into the condensate collection pipe. The bottom outlet of the condensate collection pipe 9 is connected to the upper inlet of the mixed phase reflux device via a connecting pipe. Preferably, the top of the condensate collection pipe and the top of the mixed-phase reflux device are connected by a balancing pipe to prevent pressure buildup in the mixed-phase reflux device. The bottom of the mixed-phase reflux device is divided into a mixed-phase reflux branch 14 and a mixed-phase extraction branch 13. A first valve 20 and a second valve 21 are installed on the mixed-phase reflux branch and the mixed-phase extraction branch, respectively. The bottom outlet of the mixed-phase reflux branch is connected to the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder through a connecting pipe. The bottom of the light-phase reflux device is divided into a light-phase reflux branch 10 and a light-phase extraction branch 7. A third valve 24 and a fourth valve 17 are connected to the light-phase reflux branch 10 and the light-phase extraction branch 7, respectively. The outlet of the light-phase reflux branch is connected to the connecting pipe located between the first valve and the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder.

[0010] A mixed-phase collection plate 19 is installed in the mixed-phase reflux device located below the upper inlet of the mixed-phase reflux device, and a light-phase collection plate 16 is installed in the light-phase reflux device located below the top inlet of the condensate collection pipe 9. A mixed-phase liquid collection port 18 and a light-phase liquid collection port 15 are respectively opened in the middle of the mixed-phase collection plate and the light-phase collection plate. The upper parts of the first pendulum 11 and the second pendulum 8 are respectively hinged to the mixed-phase liquid collection port and the light-phase liquid collection port. The hinged connection structure can be as follows: an upper lifting ring is installed at the mixed-phase liquid collection port 18 and the light-phase liquid collection port 15, and a lower lifting ring is installed at the top of the first pendulum 11 and the second pendulum 8. The lower lifting rings on the first pendulum 11 and the second pendulum 8 are respectively suspended on the corresponding upper lifting rings. A first electromagnetic coil 12 and a second electromagnetic coil 6 are respectively installed on the outer side wall of the mixed-phase reflux device and the light-phase reflux device, directly opposite the pendulum. The first pendulum can be deflected to the top inlet of the mixed-phase reflux branch or the top inlet of the mixed-phase extraction branch under the action of the first electromagnetic coil. The second pendulum can be deflected to the top inlet of the light-phase reflux branch or the top inlet of the light-phase extraction branch under the action of the second electromagnetic coil.

[0011] The structure of the pendulum coil can be any existing structure, such as the structure of Chinese patent publication number CN218106779U or other existing structures.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided in the mixed-phase reflux unit and the light-phase reflux unit at a position opposite to the first pendulum 11 and the second pendulum 6 respectively to prevent the pendulum from swinging back and forth. The limiting structure may include a transverse support connected in the mixed-phase reflux unit and the light-phase reflux unit, and an arc-shaped limiting ring is fixed at the end of the transverse support.

[0013] The working process using this structure is as follows:

[0014] The azeotropic column head is connected to the upper part of the column body 22 via a flanged flange, and the lower part of the column body is connected to the reboiler 23. When heating the reboiler, the rising steam evaporated from the reboiler enters the rising steam cylinder 1 of the azeotropic column head through the column body, and then enters the right condenser shell through the steam channel 3, where it contacts the condenser coil 4. It is condensed into liquid by the condenser coil through which condensate is introduced, and enters the condensate collection pipe 9 through the condensate return pipe 5. When the miscible phase is refluxed, the third valve 24 and the fourth valve 17 of the light phase reflux device are closed, and the first valve 20 and the second valve 21 of the miscible phase reflux device are opened. The miscible liquid enters the miscible collection plate 19 through the condensate collection pipe 9, and enters the miscible phase reflux branch 14 or the miscible phase extraction branch 13 at the miscible collection port 18 through the guiding action of the pendulum. When the first electromagnetic coil 12 is de-energized, the first pendulum 11 remains stationary, and at this time, the miscible phase is fully refluxed. When the first electromagnetic coil is energized... The first pendulum 11 deflects to the right, at which point the mixed phase is fully extracted. By controlling the energizing and de-energizing time of the first electromagnetic coil 12, the reflux ratio of the mixed phase is controlled by the first pendulum 11. When the light phase refluxes, the first valve 20 and the second valve 21 of the mixed phase reflux device are closed, and the third valve 24 and the fourth valve 17 of the light phase reflux device are opened. After the condensate is stratified in the mixed phase reflux device, the light phase overflows from the condensate collection pipe 9 back to the light phase collection plate 16 of the light phase reflux device. At the light phase collection port 15, it enters the light phase reflux branch 10 or the light phase extraction branch 7 through the guiding action of the second pendulum. When the electromagnetic coil 6 is de-energized, the pendulum 8 remains stationary, at which point the light phase is fully refluxed. When the second electromagnetic coil 6 is energized, the second pendulum 8 deflects to the left, at which point the light phase is fully extracted. By controlling the energizing and de-energizing time of the second electromagnetic coil 6, the reflux ratio of the light phase is controlled by the second pendulum 8.

[0015] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

Claims

1. An azeotropic tower head, comprising a rising steam cylinder (1), the bottom of which is connected to the steam outlet at the top of the tower body (15) via a flanged flange, and a temperature measuring sleeve (2) having its lower part inserted into the top of the rising steam cylinder and its top extending out of the rising steam cylinder, characterized in that: A condenser is located outside the rising steam cylinder. A condensing coil (4) is installed in the upper part of the condenser shell. The condenser shell, located below the bottom of the condensing coil, is divided into two parts by a partition: a condensate collection pipe and a light phase reflux device. The top sidewall of the rising steam cylinder is connected to the shell side of the condenser at the lower part of the condensing coil via a steam channel (3). The condensing coil inside the condenser is connected to the condensate water supply source. The bottom outlet of the condensate reflux pipe (5) located at the bottom of the condensing coil inside the condenser shell is positioned vertically opposite to the top inlet of the condensate collection pipe (9), allowing the liquid flowing from the bottom outlet of the condensate reflux pipe to flow into the condensate collection pipe. The bottom outlet of the collecting pipe is connected to the upper inlet of the mixed phase reflux device through a connecting pipe. The bottom of the mixed phase reflux device is divided into a mixed phase reflux branch (14) and a mixed phase extraction branch (13). A first valve and a second valve are installed on the mixed phase reflux branch and the mixed phase extraction branch, respectively. The bottom outlet of the mixed phase reflux branch is connected to the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder through a connecting pipe. The bottom of the light phase reflux device is divided into a light phase reflux branch (10) and a light phase extraction branch. A third valve and a fourth valve are connected to the light phase reflux branch and the light phase extraction branch (7), respectively. The outlet of the light phase reflux branch is connected to the connecting pipe located between the first valve and the lower inlet of the rising steam cylinder. A mixed-phase collection plate (19) is installed in the mixed-phase reflux device located below the upper inlet of the mixed-phase reflux device, and a light-phase collection plate (16) is installed in the light-phase reflux device located below the top inlet of the condensate collection pipe. A mixed-phase liquid collection port and a light-phase liquid collection port are respectively opened in the middle of the mixed-phase collection plate and the light-phase collection plate. The upper parts of the first pendulum (11) and the second pendulum (8) are respectively hinged to the mixed-phase liquid collection port and the light-phase liquid collection port. A first electromagnetic coil (12) and a second electromagnetic coil (6) are respectively installed on the outside of the side wall of the mixed-phase reflux device and the light-phase reflux device, directly opposite the pendulum. The first pendulum can be deflected to the top inlet of the mixed-phase reflux branch or the top inlet of the mixed-phase extraction branch under the action of the first electromagnetic coil. The second pendulum can be deflected to the top inlet of the light-phase reflux branch or the top inlet of the light-phase extraction branch under the action of the second electromagnetic coil.

2. The azeotropic column head according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting structures are provided in the mixed-phase reflux unit and the light-phase reflux unit, and at positions opposite to the first pendulum and the second pendulum, respectively, to prevent the pendulum from swinging back and forth. The limiting structure includes a transverse support connected in the mixed-phase reflux unit and the light-phase reflux unit, and an arc-shaped limiting ring is fixed at the end of the transverse support.

3. The azeotropic column head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top of the condensate collection pipe and the top of the mixed-phase reflux device are connected by a balance pipe.

4. The azeotropic column head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hinged connection structure is as follows: an upper lifting ring is installed at the mixed phase liquid collection port and the light phase liquid collection port, and a lower lifting ring is installed at the top of the first pendulum and the second pendulum, respectively. The lower lifting rings on the first pendulum and the second pendulum are respectively suspended on the corresponding upper lifting rings.

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