Efficient carbon dioxide washing and adsorbing device
By using a combination design of absorption tank and heat exchanger in the carbon dioxide capture device, the problem of easy degradation of organic amine solution at high temperature is solved, realizing efficient carbon dioxide capture and resource recycling, and reducing energy consumption and cost.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI WEIWO ENVIRONMENT ENG TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing carbon dioxide capture devices, organic amine solutions are easily degraded at high temperatures, which shortens their service life and increases energy consumption, resulting in low carbon dioxide capture efficiency and increased costs.
The design combines an absorption tank with a heat exchanger. By cooling and heating the flue gas and the absorption liquid through the heat exchanger, carbon dioxide can be separated and collected in a concentrated manner, avoiding the high-temperature decomposition of organic amine solutions, and reducing energy consumption by utilizing the heat from the flue gas.
It improves carbon dioxide capture efficiency, extends the service life of absorbent, reduces energy consumption and operating costs, and achieves efficient carbon dioxide capture and resource recycling.
Smart Images
Figure CN224252492U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of carbon dioxide capture technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide. Background Technology
[0002] Industrial production processes generate large amounts of exhaust gas, which contains carbon dioxide. Before being released into the environment, the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas needs to be captured. This allows for the recovery and reuse of carbon dioxide while reducing its environmental pollution. Current carbon dioxide capture methods typically use organic amine solutions. At low temperatures, organic amines readily absorb carbon dioxide, while at high temperatures, the compounds formed by the organic amines and carbon dioxide undergo a decomposition reaction, achieving the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide. Therefore, in the process of organic amines absorbing carbon dioxide, the flue gas needs to be cooled first, and then the organic amine solution used to absorb the carbon dioxide needs to be heated to release the carbon dioxide.
[0003] Currently, carbon dioxide capture devices typically deliver the generated exhaust gas directly into the organic amine solution. On one hand, the high temperature of the flue gas accelerates the degradation of the organic amine solution, shortening its lifespan. On the other hand, the desorption process requires a significant amount of heat to heat the rich solution and release carbon dioxide, resulting in high energy consumption and increased carbon dioxide collection costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention provides a high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide, which aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption in the capture of carbon dioxide by organic amines in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: to provide a high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide, comprising:
[0006] An absorption tank is provided with an air inlet for inputting flue gas and a liquid outlet for discharging absorbent liquid.
[0007] A heat exchanger, comprising a solution chamber and a flue gas chamber for exchanging heat with the solution chamber, wherein the inlet end of the solution chamber is connected to the outlet end of the absorption tank, the outlet end of the solution chamber is connected to the absorption tank, and the outlet end of the flue gas chamber is connected to the inlet end of the absorption tank, for conveying flue gas into the absorption tank.
[0008] A transfer pump, connected between the solution tank and the absorption tank, is used to pump the rich absorbent solution into the solution tank.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the absorption tank is provided with a solution storage chamber, a spray chamber and an air inlet chamber in sequence from bottom to top, the air inlet is connected to the air inlet chamber and the drain outlet is connected to the solution storage chamber.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the top of the air intake chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging excess smoke, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the spray chamber.
[0011] In one possible implementation, a spray channel is connected to the top of the spray chamber, and multiple nozzles are installed inside the spray channel, all of which are connected to the liquid outlet of the solution chamber.
[0012] In one possible implementation, a plurality of spray pipes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the spray channel, the length direction of the plurality of spray pipes is arranged along the axial direction of the spray channel, and the plurality of spray pipes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spray channel.
[0013] In one possible implementation, an annular pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the spray channel, and multiple spray pipes are connected to the annular pipe, with the annular pipe connected to the outlet end of the solution chamber.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the flue gas chamber extends through the solution chamber, and multiple heat dissipation fins are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flue gas chamber, with all of the heat dissipation fins located inside the solution chamber.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the bottom of the solution storage chamber is also equipped with a stirring paddle for stirring the absorbent liquid inside the solution storage chamber.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the outlet of the flue gas chamber is connected to a drying filter for absorbing condensate, and the drying filter is located between the flue gas chamber and the absorption tank.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the exhaust pipe is equipped with an exhaust fan for extracting excess flue gas.
[0018] The solution described in this application, compared with the prior art, incorporates an absorption tank to contain absorbent liquid and absorb carbon dioxide from flue gas. An air inlet is located in the middle of the absorption tank, connected to a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is divided into a solution chamber and a flue gas chamber. Heat exchange between the solution chamber and the flue gas chamber lowers the temperature of the flue gas and raises the temperature of the rich absorbent liquid, causing the compound formed by the organic amine and carbon dioxide to decompose, thus achieving the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide. In use, industrial flue gas enters the flue gas chamber. The absorbent liquid inside the absorption tank is pumped into the solution chamber via a transfer pump. Heat exchange between the solution chamber and the flue gas chamber significantly lowers the flue gas temperature before it is transported to the absorption tank. The rich absorbent liquid inside the absorption tank is heated after heat exchange. Under this high-temperature environment, the compound formed by the organic amine and carbon dioxide decomposes, regenerating carbon dioxide and completing the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide. By installing a heat exchanger, the flue gas can be cooled to avoid affecting the service life of the organic amine absorbent. Simultaneously, the rich absorbent liquid inside the absorption tank can be heated to decompose and release carbon dioxide. This fully utilizes the heat in the flue gas, reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the low-temperature flue gas entering the absorption tank allows for more effective absorption of carbon dioxide, improving carbon dioxide capture efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device provided in the embodiments of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray channel provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 1. Absorption tank; 11. Solution storage chamber; 12. Spray chamber; 13. Air inlet chamber; 14. Exhaust gas discharge pipe; 2. Heat exchanger; 21. Solution chamber; 22. Flue gas chamber; 221. Heat dissipation fins; 3. Transfer pump; 4. Spray channel; 41. Spray nozzle; 5. Spray pipe; 6. Circular pipe; 7. Agitator; 8. Dryer filter; 9. Exhaust components. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0024] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides a high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide includes an absorption tank 1, a heat exchanger 2, and a transfer pump 3. The absorption tank 1 is provided with an inlet for inputting flue gas and a outlet for discharging absorbent liquid. The heat exchanger 2 includes a solution chamber 21 and a flue gas chamber 22 that exchanges heat with the solution chamber 21. The inlet of the solution chamber 21 is connected to the outlet of the absorption tank 1, and the outlet of the solution chamber 21 is connected to the absorption tank 1. The outlet of the flue gas chamber 22 is connected to the inlet of the absorption tank 1, for conveying flue gas into the absorption tank 1. The transfer pump 3 is connected between the solution chamber 21 and the absorption tank 1, for pumping the rich absorbent liquid into the solution chamber 21.
[0025] The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, is equipped with an absorption tank 1, which contains absorbent liquid and absorbs carbon dioxide from flue gas. An air inlet is located in the middle of the absorption tank 1, connected to a heat exchanger 2. The heat exchanger 2 is divided into a solution chamber 21 and a flue gas chamber 22. Heat exchange between the solution chamber 21 and the flue gas chamber 22 lowers the temperature of the flue gas and raises the temperature of the rich absorbent liquid, causing the compound formed by the organic amine and carbon dioxide to decompose, thus achieving the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide. In this application, during use, industrial flue gas enters the flue gas chamber 22. The absorbent liquid inside the absorption tank 1 is pumped into the solution chamber 21 by a transfer pump 3. Through heat exchange between the solution chamber 21 and the flue gas chamber 22, the temperature of the flue gas is significantly reduced before being transported into the absorption tank 1. The rich absorbent liquid inside the absorption tank 1 is heated after heat exchange. Under high temperature, the compound formed by the organic amine and carbon dioxide decomposes, regenerating carbon dioxide, thus completing the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide. By installing heat exchanger 2, the flue gas can be cooled to avoid affecting the service life of the absorbent organic amine. At the same time, the rich absorbent liquid inside absorption tank 1 can be heated to decompose carbon dioxide. This fully utilizes the heat in the flue gas, reduces energy consumption, and allows the low-temperature flue gas to enter absorption tank 1 more effectively to absorb carbon dioxide, thus improving the carbon dioxide capture efficiency.
[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the industrial carbon-containing flue gas, after pretreatment, enters the carbon separator, where heat transfer is achieved through heat exchanger 2, significantly reducing the flue gas temperature from an initial high temperature (around 200°C) to below 90°C, meeting the temperature requirements for the absorbent to absorb carbon dioxide. After the capture process is completed, the carbon dioxide-rich absorbent is temporarily stored at the bottom of the absorption tank 1. Simultaneously, the exhaust gas, after deep purification and meeting emission standards, is discharged into the atmosphere.
[0027] To achieve the recycling of the absorbent, the rich liquid in the absorption tank 1 is pumped into the solution chamber 21 by the transfer pump 3. The solution chamber 21 is preheated to 150-180℃ through heat exchange with the flue gas chamber 22. Under this high-temperature environment, the compound formed by organic amines and carbon dioxide undergoes a decomposition reaction, achieving the separation and centralized collection of carbon dioxide for subsequent storage or resource utilization. A circulation pump is connected to the outlet end of the solution chamber 21, and the desorbed absorbent is pumped back into the absorption tank 1 and reintroduced into the carbon dioxide capture process, forming a complete, efficient, and sustainable recycling system. This effectively reduces operating costs and significantly improves carbon dioxide capture efficiency and resource recycling rate.
[0028] Preferably, in this embodiment, the absorbent is an organic amine solution.
[0029] In some embodiments, the absorption tank 1 described above may be as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 The absorption tank 1, from bottom to top, is sequentially connected to a solution storage chamber 11, a spray chamber 12, and an air inlet chamber 13. The air inlet is connected to the air inlet chamber 13, and the drain outlet is connected to the solution storage chamber 11. The solution storage chamber 11 collects the rich absorbent solution after carbon dioxide absorption. The inlet of the delivery pump 3 is connected to the solution storage chamber 11 to deliver the rich absorbent solution into the solution chamber 21. Simultaneously, a spray chamber 12 is located above the solution storage chamber 11. After entering the air inlet chamber 13, the flue gas is delivered to the spray chamber 12, where it absorbs carbon dioxide by spraying the desorbed absorbent solution. Excess flue gas is then discharged through the top of the spray chamber 12. Spraying enhances the absorption of carbon dioxide from the flue gas by the absorbent solution, improving absorption efficiency. Simultaneously, spraying rapidly reduces the temperature of the absorbent solution, achieving optimal absorption.
[0030] In some embodiments, the air intake chamber 13 may be adopted as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 The top of the intake chamber 13 is equipped with a tail gas emission pipe 14 for discharging excess smoke, which is connected to the top of the spray chamber 12. The bottom of the intake chamber 13 is connected to the spray chamber 12. Multiple exhaust pipes are installed inside the intake chamber 13, with both ends connected to the tail gas emission pipe 14 and the top of the spray chamber 12, respectively. Excess smoke from the spray chamber 12 is transported to the tail gas emission pipe 14 via the exhaust pipes, and then discharged through the tail gas emission pipe 14. The smoke sequentially enters the intake chamber 13 and the spray chamber 12, is sprayed inside the spray chamber 12, and then discharged into the tail gas emission pipe 14 for further treatment before being released into the atmosphere.
[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, a filter device and a desulfurization and denitrification assembly are also connected to the exhaust gas emission pipe 14 for further purification of the flue gas.
[0032] In some embodiments, the spray chamber 12 can be adopted as follows: Figure 2 The structure shown. See also Figure 2 The top of the spray chamber 12 is connected to a spray channel 4, and multiple nozzles 41 are installed inside the spray channel 4. All nozzles 41 are connected to the outlet end of the solution chamber 21. Multiple baffles are sealed inside the absorption tank 1, dividing it into a solution storage chamber 11, a spray chamber 12, and an air inlet chamber 13. Leakage holes are provided on the baffle between the spray chamber 12 and the solution storage chamber 11 to allow the absorbent liquid to flow into the storage chamber 11. A baffle is also provided between the air inlet chamber 13 and the exhaust gas pipe 14. The top of the spray chamber 12 is connected to the spray channel 4, which is located at the bottom of the air inlet chamber 13 and is connected to it. The flue gas inside the air inlet chamber 13 needs to pass through the spray channel 4 before entering the spray chamber 12, thus allowing the flue gas to effectively combine with the absorbent liquid inside the spray channel 4. Ensuring that the flue gas passes through the spray chamber before entering the spray chamber 12 improves the efficiency of carbon dioxide absorption and capture in the flue gas.
[0033] Preferably, in this embodiment, a nozzle 41 connected to the liquid outlet of the solution chamber 21 is also installed inside the spray chamber 12, which can perform secondary absorption after the flue gas enters the spray chamber 12.
[0034] In some embodiments, the spray channel 4 described above can be as follows: Figure 2 The structure shown. See also Figure 2 Multiple spray pipes 5 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the spray channel 4. The length direction of the multiple spray pipes 5 is arranged along the axis of the spray channel 4, and the multiple spray pipes 5 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spray channel 4. The spray pipes 5 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the spray channel 4, and the length direction of the spray pipes 5 is arranged vertically. Multiple nozzles 41 are installed on the spray pipes 5, and the nozzles 41 spray in the axial direction of the spray channel 4, which can effectively improve the mixing of absorbent liquid and flue gas. In addition, the multiple spray pipes 5 are all connected to the liquid outlet of the solution chamber 21, and the absorbent liquid is pumped into the spray pipes 5 for spraying by a circulating pump.
[0035] In some embodiments, the spray pipe 5 may be as follows: Figure 2 The structure shown. See also Figure 2An annular pipe 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the spray channel 4, and multiple spray pipes 5 are connected to the annular pipe 6, which is also connected to the outlet end of the solution tank 21. The absorbent liquid inside the solution tank 21 is preferentially pumped into the annular pipe 6 by a circulation pump, and then distributed to each spray pipe 5 through the annular pipe 6. This ensures that the liquid delivery volume inside each spray pipe 5 is uniform, allowing the nozzles 41 on each spray pipe 5 to achieve a stable spraying effect.
[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, a flow regulating valve is also installed on the output pipe of the solution chamber 21 to adjust the output flow rate so that the flue gas and organic amine solution are fully mixed in an optimal ratio of 1:2. A viewing window is also installed on the side wall of the spray chamber 12 for observing the internal spraying status.
[0037] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 2 described above may be as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 The flue gas chamber 22 penetrates the solution chamber 21, and multiple heat dissipation fins 221 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flue gas chamber 22, all located inside the solution chamber 21. The solution chamber 21 is a sealed pressure tank, with an output pipe for emitting carbon dioxide at its top, and a control valve installed on the output pipe. The flue gas chamber 22 is sealed to the side wall of the solution chamber 21 and is located inside the solution chamber 21. When the rich absorbent is transported into the solution chamber 21, the flue gas chamber 22 is immersed in the rich absorbent, thus allowing for heat exchange with the rich absorbent. By fixing multiple heat dissipation fins 221 on the side wall of the flue gas chamber 22, the heat exchange effect can be enhanced, improving the decomposition efficiency of the rich absorbent.
[0038] In some embodiments, the solution storage tank 11 described above can be as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 The bottom of the solution storage chamber 11 is also equipped with a stirring paddle 7 for stirring the absorbent liquid inside the solution storage chamber 11. The stirring paddle 7 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the solution storage chamber 11 to stir the absorbent liquid inside, ensuring uniform mixing and improving the decomposition effect of the rich absorbent liquid in the later stages.
[0039] In some embodiments, the flue gas chamber 22 may be adopted as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 The outlet of the flue gas chamber 22 is connected to a dryer filter 8 for absorbing condensate. The dryer filter 8 is located between the flue gas chamber 22 and the absorption tank 1. After the flue gas is cooled by heat exchange, it is easy to generate moisture. The dryer filter 8 can absorb the excess moisture in the flue gas and prevent it from entering the absorption tank 1, affecting the concentration of the absorbent liquid, and reducing the absorption effect.
[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the drying filter 8 is existing technology and will not be described further here.
[0041] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 14 described above can be as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. See also Figure 1 An exhaust fan 9 is installed on the exhaust duct 14 to extract excess flue gas. The exhaust fan 9 is a blower; its installation provides a certain suction effect on the treated flue gas. It can draw the flue gas inside the spray chamber 12 into the exhaust duct 14. Simultaneously, through the suction effect of the exhaust fan 9, the flue gas inside the intake chamber 13 can be effectively transported to the spray chamber 12, and after spraying, it is transported through the spray chamber 12 into the exhaust duct 14, improving the flue gas circulation.
[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency washing and adsorption device for carbon dioxide, characterized in that, include: Absorption tank (1), wherein the absorption tank (1) is provided with an air inlet for inputting flue gas and a liquid outlet for discharging absorbent liquid; The heat exchanger (2) includes a solution chamber (21) and a flue gas chamber (22) that exchanges heat with the solution chamber (21). The inlet end of the solution chamber (21) is connected to the outlet of the absorption tank (1), the outlet end of the solution chamber (21) is connected to the absorption tank (1), and the outlet end of the flue gas chamber (22) is connected to the inlet of the absorption tank (1), for conveying flue gas into the absorption tank (1). A transfer pump (3) is connected between the solution tank (21) and the absorption tank (1) for pumping the rich absorbent liquid into the solution tank (21).
2. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tank (1) is connected in sequence from bottom to top to a solution storage chamber (11), a spray chamber (12) and an air inlet chamber (13). The air inlet is connected to the air inlet chamber (13) and the drain outlet is connected to the solution storage chamber (11).
3. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the air intake chamber (13) is provided with an exhaust gas discharge pipe (14) for discharging excess smoke gas, and the exhaust gas discharge pipe (14) is connected to the top of the spray chamber (12).
4. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the spray chamber (12) is connected to a spray channel (4), and multiple nozzles (41) are installed inside the spray channel (4). All of the multiple nozzles (41) are connected to the liquid outlet of the solution chamber (21).
5. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple spray pipes (5) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the spray channel (4). The length direction of the multiple spray pipes (5) is arranged along the axis of the spray channel (4), and the multiple spray pipes (5) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spray channel (4).
6. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A ring pipe (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the spray channel (4), and multiple spray pipes (5) are connected to the ring pipe (6), and the ring pipe (6) is connected to the liquid outlet of the solution tank (21).
7. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas chamber (22) is disposed through the solution chamber (21), and multiple heat dissipation fins (221) are fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the flue gas chamber (22), and the multiple heat dissipation fins (221) are all located inside the solution chamber (21).
8. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the solution storage chamber (11) is also equipped with a stirring paddle (7) for stirring the absorbent liquid inside the solution storage chamber (11).
9. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas chamber (22) is connected to a drying filter (8) for absorbing condensate at its outlet end. The drying filter (8) is located between the flue gas chamber (22) and the absorption tank (1).
10. The high-efficiency washing and adsorption carbon dioxide device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (14) is equipped with an exhaust fan (9) for extracting excess flue gas.