Loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods
By designing an integrated loading and unloading machine, the problems of low efficiency, numerous safety hazards, and poor process coordination in cargo loading and unloading are solved. It achieves automation, safety, and high efficiency in cargo loading and unloading, and is highly adaptable to various transportation tools.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGXI ZHONGYU MASCH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the cargo loading and unloading process suffers from low efficiency, numerous safety hazards, limited applicability, and poor coordination, which limits the overall efficiency and quality of the logistics industry.
A loading and unloading machine is designed, comprising a frame, a moving plate, a pushing device, a translation device, a gantry, a pushing device, a loading device, a feeding device, and a feeding device. Through the coordinated work of these components, automated, precise, and efficient loading and unloading of goods is achieved.
It improves cargo loading and unloading efficiency, reduces labor costs, enhances safety, is highly adaptable, has a wide range of applications, can meet the needs of different modes of transportation, and reduces cargo damage and transportation delays.
Smart Images
Figure CN224257514U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of logistics loading and unloading technology, and in particular to a loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods. Background Technology
[0002] In today's logistics industry, the loading and unloading of goods remains a significant challenge. For the stage of centralized stacking of goods after assembly line packaging, relying on manual loading is undeniably inefficient. Firstly, manual handling is far slower than automated mechanical operations. For the same quantity of goods, manual labor takes significantly longer than mechanical equipment. This efficiency difference becomes even more pronounced with large volumes of goods, leading to mountains of unloaded cargo that cannot be completed due to insufficient manpower, thus delaying subsequent transportation processes and impacting the timeliness of the entire supply chain. Secondly, manual operation requires substantial labor costs. Companies must pay high labor expenses and invest time and energy in recruiting, training, and managing loading and unloading workers. Furthermore, the high intensity of manual loading and unloading leads to worker fatigue, which not only reduces efficiency but also increases the risk of damage or accidents caused by fatigue, raising potential risks and costs for the company.
[0003] While forklifts have improved the mechanization of cargo loading to some extent, they also reveal several shortcomings in practical use. First, forklift operation carries a high risk factor. During operation, due to unstable cargo stacking or improper operation, forklifts are prone to tipping over and cargo falling, posing a serious threat to the safety of operators and others in the vicinity. Statistics show that numerous injuries and property losses are caused by forklift accidents each year. Second, forklifts often struggle when loading wide or deep box trucks. Due to the limited length and insertion depth of the forks, for some large trucks, it is impossible to place cargo completely and stably in the designated location inside the truck bed. This results in loose loading, low space utilization, and even situations where some cargo cannot be loaded, affecting transportation efficiency. Furthermore, forklifts lack operational flexibility. For goods with special shapes, that are easily damaged, or that require precise steering and sorting, forklifts cannot perform delicate and accurate operations like humans. They cannot meet the needs of sorting and steering goods before loading, which can easily cause damage or misloading of goods and bring unnecessary losses to the company.
[0004] Furthermore, existing loading and unloading processes and equipment also suffer from inconsistencies in their integration with the assembly line packaging process. Assembly line packaging is typically an efficient and continuous operation, but the subsequent loading and unloading processes struggle to keep pace. This results in goods not being able to enter the loading and unloading process promptly and quickly after packaging, accumulating in intermediate stages, occupying additional storage space, increasing storage costs, and disrupting the overall production logistics rhythm. Consequently, the coordination between different stages deteriorates, making it difficult to achieve efficient and smooth logistics operations.
[0005] In summary, the current cargo loading and unloading process faces numerous challenges, including low efficiency of manual loading, numerous safety hazards and limited applicability of forklifts, and poor coordination of loading and unloading processes. These problems severely restrict the overall efficiency and service quality of the logistics industry, necessitating the development of a new type of loading and unloading machine to overcome these difficulties and achieve efficient, safe, accurate, and automated cargo loading and unloading to meet the growing development needs of the modern logistics industry. Therefore, this paper presents a loading and unloading machine for cargo loading and unloading to solve the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods, comprising a frame, a movable plate slidably mounted on the top of the frame, a pushing device cooperating between the movable plate and the frame, a translation device mounted on the bottom of the frame near both ends, a gantry frame mounted at the top rear end of the frame, a pushing device slidably mounted inside the gantry frame, a feeding device mounted at the front end of the frame, a feeding device mounted on the side of the feeding device, a feeding device mounted between the two sides of the frame, and a material support roller mounted between the movable plate and the feeding device. Material pushed in from the feeding device falls onto the top of the movable plate after passing through the feeding device.
[0008] Preferably, the movable plate has rollers evenly distributed on its surface, which rotate. Some of the rollers protrude outwards to the top of the movable plate, supporting the loaded goods. Other rollers protrude downwards to the outside of the movable plate, providing rolling support to the top of the frame and supporting the movable plate detaching from the frame. The translation device includes a base plate with a hydraulic moving rod in the middle. A sliding plate is installed inside the base plate, with a slot in the middle of the sliding plate to accommodate the hydraulic moving rod. A hydraulic support rod is installed inside the frame, with its telescopic end fixed to the sliding plate and both ends of the hydraulic moving rod fixed to the sliding plate. A rack is installed inside the gantry frame, arranged vertically, and the pushing device is adapted to the rack.
[0009] Preferably, the pushing device includes a movable frame, with both ends of the movable frame inserted into the gantry frame. Pullers are installed at both ends and at the front and rear ends of the movable frame, with the pulleys conforming to the inner wall of the gantry frame. A reduction motor is installed at the top of the movable frame, and the reduction motor is connected to a drive shaft. A bearing is fitted between the drive shaft and the movable frame. A gear that meshes with the rack is provided at the end of the drive shaft. Two or more hydraulic push rods are installed at the front end of the movable frame. The telescopic ends of the hydraulic push rods pass through the movable frame and are fitted with push plates. The push plates are connected to guide rods, and linear bearings are fitted between the guide rods and the movable frame.
[0010] Preferably, the feeding device includes a mounting plate, a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the inner top of the mounting plate, a slider fixedly connected to the inner top of the mounting plate, and a gear 1 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod; a servo motor A is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate, the output shaft of the servo motor A is connected to the rotating rod, a toothed plate and a guide rail are fixedly connected to the top of the frame, the guide rail is located on one side of the toothed plate, the gear 1 meshes with the toothed plate, and the slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail; a rectangular plate is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate; an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the mounting plate, a connecting plate is provided at the free end of the electric push rod, a rotating shaft 1 and a rotating shaft 2 are rotatably mounted between the inner walls of the two sides of the rectangular plate, and gear 2 is sleeved on the outer walls of both rotating shaft 1 and rotating shaft 2, the two sets of gear 2 meshing, one end of the connecting plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of rotating shaft 1, and a push rod is provided on the mounting plate, one end of the push rod is sleeved on the outer wall of rotating shaft 2.
[0011] In order to push the goods longitudinally and prevent them from deviating, a pushing cylinder is provided on the upper end face of the mounting plate, and a push plate is provided at the extended end and vertically extended end of the pushing cylinder.
[0012] Preferably, the feeding device includes a feeding frame, on the top of which are mounted multiple sets of feeding rollers at right angles to the axis of the support rollers and a belt conveyor at a right angle to the transmission direction of the moving plate. A servo motor B is installed inside the feeding frame. The output shaft of the servo motor B is connected to a set of transmission sprockets via a coupling. Two sets of transmission sprockets are installed on the shaft of the multiple sets of feeding rollers. The transmission sprockets on the servo motor B are connected to one of the transmission sprockets on the outermost set of feeding rollers via chain drive. The transmission sprockets on adjacent sets of feeding rollers are connected via chain drive.
[0013] Preferably, the feeding device includes a rectangular support, a steering mechanism is provided inside the rectangular support, a lifting mechanism is provided on the upper end face of the steering mechanism, and a conveying device for transporting goods is provided on the upper end face of the lifting mechanism; the conveying device is higher than the upper end face of the rectangular support.
[0014] Preferably, the steering mechanism includes a rotating cylinder, a gear ring is provided on the lower outer wall of the rotating cylinder, a gear ring is provided on the outer ring of the gear ring, and a motor is provided on the inner side of the gear ring, meshing with the gear ring through gears. The motor is connected to the gear ring. A support plate is horizontally provided on the upper end face of the rotating cylinder, and the transmission device is located on the support plate. The lifting mechanism includes lifting hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders vertically provided at the four corners of the upper end face of the support plate, and a mounting frame is provided on the lifting hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders. The transmission device is provided on the mounting frame. The transmission device includes at least two sets of chain or belt transmission groups horizontally provided on the upper end face of the mounting frame and arranged side by side. The system includes: a roller transmission assembly between adjacent chain or belt transmission assemblies; the roller transmission assembly connected to a support plate via a mounting ring positioned above the mounting frame; the chain or belt transmission assembly comprising a symmetrically arranged set of support brackets, a belt roller mounted on the support brackets, a belt mounted on the belt roller, and a transmission gear mounted at one end of the belt roller; a transmission shaft connected to the mounting frame on one side of the mounting frame, a gear mounted on the transmission shaft, and the gear connected to the transmission gear via a chain; and a motor A mounted on the mounting frame, the motor A connected to the gear via a chain.
[0015] Preferably, the roller transmission assembly includes a roller shaft, bearing supports are provided at both ends of the roller shaft, and a gear set is provided at one end of the roller shaft. The gear sets of adjacent roller shafts are connected by a chain. The bearing supports are located on the upper end face of the mounting ring, and a motor B is provided on the mounting ring. The motor B is connected to the gear set by a chain.
[0016] Preferably, the transmission device includes at least three sets of chain conveyors mounted on a rectangular support. The three sets of chain conveyors are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. At least three sets of auxiliary and main conveyor rollers with overlapping axes are installed between adjacent sets of chain conveyors. The auxiliary and main conveyor rollers are parallel to the arrangement direction of the chain conveyors. The auxiliary and main conveyor rollers are connected to the chain conveyors via connecting shafts. A motor C is installed below the connection between the auxiliary and main conveyor rollers and the chain conveyors. A sprocket A is installed on the output shaft of the motor C and at the connecting shaft between the auxiliary and main conveyor rollers and the chain conveyors. The sprocket A on the motor C is connected to the sprocket A on a set of connecting shafts located at the edge via chains, and the sprockets A on adjacent sets of connecting shafts are connected via chains.
[0017] Preferably, the transmission device includes side conveyor rollers A, B, and C mounted on the side of the chain conveyor. Side conveyor rollers A and B are coaxially arranged and connected by a rotating shaft. Side conveyor roller C is located at the middle of the side of side conveyor rollers A and B away from the chain conveyor. A motor D is arranged below side conveyor roller C. Sprockets B are arranged on the output shaft of motor D, the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C, and the rotating shaft between side conveyor rollers A and B. The sprockets B on motor D are connected to the sprockets B on the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C by a chain. The sprockets B on the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C are connected to the sprockets on the rotating shaft between side conveyor rollers A and B by a chain.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0019] (1) The loading and unloading machine used for loading and unloading goods can be adapted to the position of the truck compartment so that the moving plate can slide into the compartment, making it more adaptable; it eliminates the step of manually loading goods into the compartment, making the operation more convenient and faster, and the loading efficiency is higher. It can load a truckload of goods at one time, greatly reducing the time for trucks to queue for loading; and the equipment has a high degree of integration and can be directly built on the side of the production line. The goods packaged on the production line can be directly stacked on the moving plate, improving production efficiency.
[0020] (2) The loading and unloading machine used for loading and unloading goods has the advantages of simple structure, reliable use and low cost. It can not only make the goods turn 360 degrees, but also adjust the conveying height of the goods to adapt to the height of different transportation platforms or transportation tools. It has high versatility, improves the efficiency of goods transmission, reduces loading and unloading costs, and has a wide range of applications and applicable scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a distribution diagram of the rollers of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pushing device of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the translation device of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0030] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of part C of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0032] Figure 11 This is a front view of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 12 This is a top view of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0034] Figure 13 This is a partial structural diagram of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0035] Figure 14 This is a bottom view of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor assembly structure of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the roller transmission assembly of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the roller transmission assembly of this utility model;
[0039] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the feeding device of this utility model in Embodiment 2;
[0040] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the feeding device of this utility model in Embodiment 2;
[0041] Figure 20 This is a bottom view of Embodiment 2 of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0042] Figure 21 This is an enlarged view of part A of this utility model;
[0043] Figure 22 This is an enlarged view of part B of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device of this utility model;
[0045] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the push cylinder and push plate structure of this utility model.
[0046] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Moving plate; 21. Roller; 3. Translation device; 31. Base plate; 32. Hydraulic moving rod; 33. Slide plate; 34. Groove; 35. Hydraulic support rod; 4. Gantry frame; 5. Pushing device; 501. Movable frame; 502. Pulley; 503. Gear motor; 504. Drive shaft; 505. Bearing; 506. Gear; 507. Hydraulic push rod; 508. Push plate; 509. 510. Guide rod; 6. Linear bearing; 7. Feeding device; 8. Mounting plate; 9. Servo motor A; 10. Rotating rod; 11. Gear 1; 12. Slider; 13. Gear plate; 14. Toothed plate; 15. Guide rail; 16. Electric push rod; 17. Rectangular plate; 18. Rotating shaft 1; 19. Gear 2; 10. Rotating shaft 2; 10. Push rod; 11. Rack; 12. Feeding device; 801. Rectangular bracket; 802. Rotating cylinder; 803. Gear ring; 804. Gear ring; 805. Motor; 806. Support plate; 807. Lifting cylinder or pneumatic cylinder; 808. Mounting bracket; 809. Belt transmission assembly; 810. Roller transmission assembly; 811. Mounting ring; 812. Support bracket; 813. Belt roller; 814. Belt; 815. Transmission gear; 816. Transmission shaft; 817. Gear; 8 18. Electric motor A; 819. Roller shaft; 820. Bearing bracket; 821. Gear set; 822. Electric motor B; 823. Auxiliary conveyor roller; 824. Main conveyor roller; 825. Electric motor C; 827. Sprocket A; 828. Chain conveyor; 829. Conveyor roller A; 830. Side conveyor roller B; 831. Side conveyor roller C; 832. Electric motor D; 833. Sprocket B; 9. Feeding device; 10. Material support roller; 11. Push cylinder; 12. Push plate. Detailed Implementation
[0047] like Figure 1The loading and unloading machine shown includes a frame 1, a movable plate 2 slidably mounted on the top of the frame 1, a pushing device cooperating between the movable plate 2 and the frame 1, a translation device 3 mounted on the bottom of the frame 1 near both ends, a gantry frame 4 mounted at the top rear end of the frame 1, a pushing device 5 slidably mounted inside the gantry frame 4, a feeding device 9 mounted at the front end of the frame 1, a feeding device 8 mounted on the side of the feeding device 9, a feeding device 6 mounted between the two sides of the frame 1, and a material support roller 10 mounted between the movable plate 2 and the feeding device 9. The material pushed in from the feeding device 9 falls onto the top of the movable plate 2 after passing through the feeding device 6.
[0048] In the above technical solution, the loaded goods are stacked on top of the movable plate 2. The movable plate 2 is pushed by the pushing device. The movable plate 2 carrying the goods is pushed into the carriage. At this time, the pushing device 5 moves downward and blocks the front of the goods. At this time, the pushing device drives the movable plate 2 to reset. The goods are blocked in the carriage by the pushing device 5. The movable plate 2 is pulled out from the bottom of the goods, leaving the goods in the carriage.
[0049] See Figure 3 As shown, rollers 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the movable plate 2. The rollers 21 are rotatably arranged. Some rollers 21 protrude outward to the top of the movable plate 2, and the loaded goods are supported by the rollers 21. Some rollers 21 protrude downward to the outside of the movable plate 2. These rollers 21 roll and support the top of the frame 1, and support the movable plate 2 to detach from the frame 1.
[0050] In the above technical solution, the roller 21 provides rolling support for the sliding of the moving plate 2, thereby reducing the moving resistance of the moving plate 2.
[0051] Part of the roller 21 is supported at the bottom of the goods, making it easy for the movable plate 2 to be pulled out from the bottom of the goods.
[0052] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the gantry frame 4 is equipped with a rack 7 inside, which is vertically arranged, and the pushing device 5 is adapted to the rack 7.
[0053] See Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the pushing device 5 includes a movable frame 501, with both ends of the movable frame 501 inserted into the gantry frame 4. Pulleys 502 are installed at both ends and the front and rear ends of the movable frame 501. The pulleys 502 fit against the inner wall of the gantry frame 4. A reduction motor 503 is installed on the top of the movable frame 501. The reduction motor 503 is connected to a drive shaft 504. A bearing 505 is fitted between the drive shaft 504 and the movable frame 501. A gear 506 that meshes with a rack 7 is provided at the end of the drive shaft 504. Two or more hydraulic push rods 507 are installed at the front end of the movable frame 501. The telescopic ends of the hydraulic push rods 507 pass through the movable frame 501 and are fitted with push plates 508.
[0054] In the above technical solution, the position of the movable frame 501 is adjusted by the cooperation of gears and racks. When loading goods, the movable frame 501 moves upward to avoid affecting the moving plate 2 carrying goods into the carriage. After the moving plate 2 is pushed into place, the movable frame 501 moves downward and pushes the goods through the push plate 508 to complete the limit of the goods. At this time, the moving plate 2 is pulled out to complete the separation.
[0055] See Figure 3 As shown, the push plate 508 is connected to the guide rod 509, and the guide rod 509 is fitted with a linear bearing 510 between it and the movable frame 501.
[0056] This technical solution allows the push plate 508 to move more stably.
[0057] See Figure 6 As shown, the translation device 3 includes a base plate 31, a hydraulic moving rod 32 is provided in the middle of the base plate 31, a sliding plate 33 is provided inside the base plate 31, a slot 34 for the hydraulic moving rod 32 is provided in the middle of the sliding plate 33, a hydraulic support rod 35 is installed inside the frame 1, the telescopic end of the hydraulic support rod 35 is fixed to the sliding plate 33, and both ends of the hydraulic moving rod 32 are fixed to the sliding plate 33.
[0058] In the above technical solution, the hydraulic support rod 35 can adjust the height of the frame 1 to facilitate the sliding plate 2 into the carriage, and the slide plate 33 can slide along the base plate 31 to facilitate the alignment of the sliding plate 2 with the carriage.
[0059] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The feeding device 6 shown includes a mounting plate 601. A rotating rod 603 is rotatably mounted on the top inner side of the mounting plate 601. A slider 605 is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the mounting plate 601. A gear 604 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 603. A servo motor A602 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 601. The output shaft of the servo motor A602 is connected to the rotating rod 603. A toothed plate 606 and a guide rail 607 are fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1. The guide rail 607 is located on one side of the toothed plate 606. The gear 604 meshes with the toothed plate 606. The slider 605 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 607. A rectangular plate 610 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 601.
[0060] Furthermore, an auxiliary plate 615 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate 601, and a roller 616 is fixedly connected inside the auxiliary plate 615.
[0061] Multiple sets of sliding rollers 616 are provided on the inner wall of the mounting plate 601, which slide on the vertical plane of the frame and simultaneously share the supporting force of the guide rail 607 and the slider 605.
[0062] In the above technical solution, an electric push rod 608 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the mounting plate 601. A connecting plate 609 is installed at the free end of the electric push rod 608. A rotating shaft 611 and a rotating shaft 613 are rotatably installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the rectangular plate 610. Gears 612 are fitted on the outer walls of both rotating shafts 611 and 613. The two sets of gears 612 mesh with each other. One end of the connecting plate 609 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 611. A push rod 614 is provided on the mounting plate 601. One end of the push rod 614 is fitted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 613.
[0063] like Figure 24 As shown, to prevent goods from shifting beyond the container opening during the pushing process, a pushing cylinder 11 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate 601, and a pusher plate 12 is provided at the extended and vertically extended end of the pushing cylinder 11. When goods are moved to one end of the container, if the goods shift and their position exceeds the container opening, the pushing cylinder 11 will activate, causing the pusher plate 12 to extend and push the shifted goods back to the correct position.
[0064] See Figure 23As shown, the feeding device 9 includes a feeding frame 901. Multiple sets of feeding rollers 902, which are perpendicular to the axis of the support roller 10, and a belt conveyor 903, whose transmission direction is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the moving plate 2, are mounted on the top of the feeding frame 901. A servo motor B905 is installed inside the feeding frame 901. A set of transmission sprockets 904 is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor B905 via a coupling. Two sets of transmission sprockets 904 are mounted on the shafts of the multiple sets of feeding rollers 902. The transmission sprockets 904 on the servo motor B905 are connected to one set of transmission sprockets 904 on the outermost set of feeding rollers 902 via chain drive. The transmission sprockets 904 on adjacent sets of feeding rollers 902 are connected via chain drive.
[0065] In this invention, the belt conveyor 903 can be configured to be raised and lowered. When it rises, it is higher than the upper surface of the feeding roller 902 and is used to receive the goods from the feeding device 8. After the goods are received and transported to the designated position, the belt conveyor 903 descends, so that the goods fall onto the feeding roller 902 and are then transported from the feeding roller 902 to the support roller 10.
[0066] The belt conveyor 903 is divided into two or more sections for arranging and transporting one or more stacks of goods.
[0067] In this invention, the belt conveyor can also be replaced by a chain conveyor.
[0068] Both the belt conveyor 903 and the chain conveyor are commercially available products.
[0069] See Figures 10-17The feeding device 8 includes a rectangular support 801, a steering mechanism is provided inside the rectangular support 801, a lifting mechanism is provided on the upper end face of the steering mechanism, and a conveying device for transporting goods is provided on the upper end face of the lifting mechanism; the conveying device is higher than the upper end face of the rectangular support 801; the steering mechanism includes a rotating cylinder 802, a gear ring 803 is provided on the lower outer wall of the rotating cylinder 802, a gear ring 804 is provided on the outer ring of the gear ring 803, and a motor 805 is provided inside the gear ring 803 and meshes with the gear ring 803 through gears, the motor 805 is connected to the gear ring 804; a support plate 806 is horizontally provided on the upper end face of the rotating cylinder 802, and the conveying device is located on the support plate 806; the lifting mechanism includes lifting hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders 807 vertically provided at the four corners of the upper end face of the support plate 806, a mounting frame 808 is provided on the lifting hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders 807, and the conveying device is mounted on the mounting frame 808; the conveying device includes a horizontal At least two sets of chain or belt transmission assemblies 809 are arranged side-by-side on the upper surface of the mounting frame 808; a roller transmission assembly 810 is provided between adjacent chain or belt transmission assemblies 809; the roller transmission assembly 810 is connected to the support plate 806 via a mounting ring 811 provided above the mounting frame 808; each chain or belt transmission assembly 809 includes a set of symmetrically arranged support brackets 812, a belt roller 813 is provided on the support bracket 812, a belt 814 is provided on the belt roller 813, and a transmission gear 815 is provided at one end of the belt roller 813; a transmission shaft 816 connected to the mounting frame 9 is provided on one side of the mounting frame 808, and a gear 817 is provided on the transmission shaft 816, the gear 817 being connected to the transmission gear 815 via a chain; a motor A818 is provided on the mounting frame 808, and the motor A818 is connected to the gear 817 via a chain;
[0070] In the above technical solution, the roller transmission assembly 810 includes a roller shaft 819, bearing supports 820 are provided at both ends of the roller shaft 819, and a gear set 821 is provided at one end of the roller shaft 819. The gear sets 821 of adjacent roller shafts 819 are connected by a chain. The bearing support 820 is located on the upper end face of the mounting ring 811, and a motor B822 is provided on the mounting ring 811. The motor B822 is connected to the gear set 821 by a chain. The transmission device includes at least three sets of chain conveyors 828 provided on a rectangular support 801. The three sets of chain conveyors 828 are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. At least three sets of auxiliary conveyor rollers 823 with coincident axes are erected and installed between adjacent sets of chain conveyors 828. The conveyor roller 824, auxiliary conveyor roller 823, and main conveyor roller 824 are arranged parallel to the chain conveyor 828. The auxiliary conveyor roller 823 and main conveyor roller 824 are connected to the chain conveyor 828 via connecting shafts. A motor C825 is installed below the connection between the auxiliary conveyor roller 823 and main conveyor roller 824 and the chain conveyor 828. A sprocket A827 is installed on the output shaft of the motor C825 and at the connecting shaft between the auxiliary conveyor roller 823 and main conveyor roller 824 and the chain conveyor 828. The sprocket A827 on the motor C825 is connected to the sprocket A827 on a set of connecting shafts located at the edge via chains, and the sprockets A827 on adjacent sets of connecting shafts are connected via chains.
[0071] For another embodiment of the conveying device in the feeding device 8, see [reference needed]. Figures 18-22 The transmission device includes side conveyor rollers A829, B830, and C831 mounted on the side of the chain conveyor 828. Side conveyor rollers A829 and B830 are coaxially arranged and connected by a rotating shaft. Side conveyor roller C831 is located at the center of the side of side conveyor rollers A829 and B830 away from the chain conveyor 828. A motor D832 is installed below side conveyor roller C831. A sprocket B833 is provided on the output shaft of motor D832, the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C831, and the rotating shaft between side conveyor rollers A829 and B830. The sprocket B833 on motor D832 is connected to the sprocket B833 on the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C831 by a chain. The sprocket B833 on the rotating shaft of side conveyor roller C831 is connected to the sprocket on the rotating shaft between side conveyor rollers A829 and B830 by a chain.
[0072] In general, the packaged goods are placed on the feeding device 8 and then transferred to the loading device 9. The goods can be turned and adjusted on the feeding device 8. On the loading device 9, it is possible to choose whether to feed the goods onto the moving plate 2. After the loading device 9 transfers the goods to the support roller 10, it is pushed to the bottom of the gantry 4 by the feeding device 6. The pushing device 5 pushes the goods into the truck.
[0073] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods, characterized in that, include: The machine includes a frame (1), a movable plate (2) is slidably installed on the top of the frame (1), a pushing device is provided between the movable plate (2) and the frame (1), a translation device (3) is installed at the bottom of the frame (1) near both ends, a gantry frame (4) is installed at the top rear end of the frame (1), a pushing device (5) is slidably arranged inside the gantry frame (4), a feeding device (9) is provided at the front end of the frame (1), a feeding device (8) is provided on the side of the feeding device (9), a feeding device (6) is provided between the two sides of the frame (1), and a material support roller (10) is provided between the movable plate (2) and the feeding device (9). The material pushed in from the feeding device (9) falls onto the top of the movable plate (2) after passing through the feeding device (6). Rollers (21) are evenly distributed on the surface of the movable plate (2). The rollers (21) are rotatably arranged. Some of the rollers (21) protrude outward to the top of the movable plate (2). The loaded goods are supported by the rollers (21). Some of the rollers (21) protrude downward to the outside of the movable plate (2). These rollers (21) roll and support the top of the frame (1) and support the movable plate (2) to detach from the frame (1).
2. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation device (3) includes a base plate (31), a hydraulic moving rod (32) is provided in the middle of the base plate (31), a sliding plate (33) is provided inside the base plate (31), a slot (34) for the hydraulic moving rod (32) is provided in the middle of the sliding plate (33), a hydraulic support rod (35) is installed inside the frame (1), the telescopic end of the hydraulic support rod (35) is fixed to the sliding plate (33), and both ends of the hydraulic moving rod (32) are fixed to the sliding plate (33); a rack (7) is provided inside the gantry frame (4), the rack (7) is arranged vertically, and the pushing device (5) is adapted to the rack (7).
3. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing device (5) includes a movable frame (501), with both ends of the movable frame (501) inserted into the gantry frame (4). Pulleys (502) are installed at both ends and the front and rear ends of the movable frame (501), with the pulleys (502) fitting against the inner wall of the gantry frame (4). A reduction motor (503) is installed on the top of the movable frame (501), and the reduction motor (503) is connected to a drive shaft (504). The drive shaft (504) and the movable frame (501) are connected... The transmission shaft (504) is equipped with a bearing (505), and the end of the transmission shaft (504) is provided with a gear A (506) that meshes with the rack (7). Two or more hydraulic push rods (507) are installed at the front end of the movable frame (501). The telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod (507) passes through the movable frame (501) and is equipped with a push plate (508). The push plate (508) is connected to a guide rod (509), and a linear bearing (510) is fitted between the guide rod (509) and the movable frame (501).
4. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding device (6) includes a mounting plate (601), a rotating rod (603) is rotatably mounted on the top inner side of the mounting plate (601), a slider (605) is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the mounting plate (601), and a gear (604) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod (603); a servo motor A (602) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate (601), the output shaft of the servo motor A (602) is connected to the rotating rod (603), a toothed plate (606) and a guide rail (607) are fixedly connected to the top of the frame (1), the guide rail (607) is located on one side of the toothed plate (606), the gear (604) meshes with the toothed plate (606), and the slider (605) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (607); the mounting plate A rectangular plate (610) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate (601); an electric push rod (608) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the mounting plate (601), and a connecting plate (609) is installed on the free end of the electric push rod (608). A rotating shaft one (611) and a rotating shaft two (613) are rotatably installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the rectangular plate (610). Gear two (612) are sleeved on the outer walls of the rotating shaft one (611) and the rotating shaft two (613). The two sets of gear two (612) mesh with each other. One end of the connecting plate (609) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft one (611). A push rod (614) is provided on the mounting plate (601), and one end of the push rod (614) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft two (613).
5. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 4, characterized in that: A push cylinder (11) is provided on the upper end face of the mounting plate (601), and a push plate (12) is provided on the extended end and vertically extended end of the push cylinder (11).
6. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding device (9) includes a feeding frame (901). The top of the feeding frame (901) is equipped with multiple sets of feeding rollers (902) that are perpendicular to the axis of the support roller (10) and a belt conveyor (903) whose transmission direction is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the moving plate (2). The feeding frame (901) is equipped with a servo motor B (905). The output shaft of the servo motor B (905) is equipped with a set of transmission sprockets (904) through a coupling. The shaft of the multiple sets of feeding rollers (902) is equipped with two sets of transmission sprockets (904). The transmission sprockets (904) on the servo motor B (905) are connected to one of the transmission sprockets (904) on the feeding roller (902) located on the far side through chain drive. The transmission sprockets (904) on two adjacent sets of feeding rollers (902) are connected through chain drive.
7. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feeding device (8) includes a rectangular support (801), a steering mechanism is provided inside the rectangular support (801), a lifting mechanism is provided on the upper end face of the steering mechanism, and a transmission device for transporting goods is provided on the upper end face of the lifting mechanism; the transmission device is higher than the upper end face of the rectangular support (801).
8. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steering mechanism includes a rotating cylinder (802), a gear ring (803) is provided on the lower outer wall of the rotating cylinder (802), a gear ring (804) is provided on the outer ring of the gear ring (803), and a motor (805) is provided on the inner side of the gear ring (803) and meshes with the gear ring (803) through gears. The motor (805) is connected to the gear ring (804). A support plate (806) is horizontally provided on the upper surface of the rotating cylinder (802), and the transmission device is located on the support plate (806). The lifting mechanism includes lifting cylinders or air cylinders (807) vertically provided at the four corners of the upper surface of the support plate (806), a mounting frame (808) is provided on the lifting cylinders or air cylinders (807), and the transmission device is provided on the mounting frame (808). The transmission device includes at least two sets of chain or belt transmission assemblies (809) horizontally provided on the upper surface of the mounting frame (808) and arranged side by side. A roller transmission assembly (810) is provided between (809); the roller transmission assembly (810) is connected to the support plate (806) through a mounting ring (811) provided above the mounting frame (808); the chain or belt transmission assembly (809) includes a set of symmetrically arranged support brackets (812), a belt roller (813) is provided on the support bracket (812), a belt (814) is provided on the belt roller (813), and a transmission gear (815) is provided at one end of the belt roller (813); a transmission shaft (816) connected to the feeding device (9) is provided on one side of the mounting frame (808), a gear (817) is provided on the transmission shaft (816), and the gear (817) is connected to the transmission gear (815) through a chain; a motor A (818) is provided on the mounting frame (808), and the motor A (818) is connected to the gear (817) through a chain.
9. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 8, characterized in that: The roller transmission assembly (810) includes a roller shaft (819), bearing supports (820) are provided at both ends of the roller shaft (819), and a gear set (821) is provided at one end of the roller shaft (819). The gear sets (821) of adjacent roller shafts (819) are connected by a chain. The bearing support (820) is located on the upper end face of the mounting ring (811), and a motor B (822) is provided on the mounting ring (811). The motor B (822) is connected to the gear set (821) by a chain.
10. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission device includes at least three sets of chain conveyors (828) mounted on a rectangular support (801). The three sets of chain conveyors (828) are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. At least three sets of auxiliary conveyor rollers (823) and main conveyor rollers (824) with overlapping axes are installed between adjacent sets of chain conveyors (828). The auxiliary conveyor rollers (823) and main conveyor rollers (824) are parallel to the arrangement direction of the chain conveyors (828). The auxiliary conveyor rollers (823) and main conveyor rollers (824) are interconnected with the chain conveyors (828) via connecting shafts. A motor C (825) is provided below the connection between the auxiliary conveyor roller (823) and the main conveyor roller (824) and the chain conveyor (828). A sprocket A (827) is provided at the output shaft of the motor C (825) and the connection shaft between the auxiliary conveyor roller (823) and the main conveyor roller (824) and the chain conveyor (828). The sprocket A (827) on the motor C (825) is connected to the sprocket A (827) on a set of connecting shafts located at the edge by a chain, and the sprockets A (827) on two adjacent sets of connecting shafts are connected by a chain.
11. A loading and unloading machine for loading and unloading goods according to claim 10, characterized in that: The transmission device includes side conveyor rollers A (829), B (830), and C (831) mounted on the side of the chain conveyor (828). Side conveyor rollers A (829) and B (830) are coaxially arranged and connected by a rotating shaft. Side conveyor roller C (831) is located at the middle of the side of side conveyor rollers A (829) and B (830) away from the chain conveyor (828). A motor D (832) is installed below side conveyor roller C (831). A sprocket B (833) is provided on the output shaft of the motor D (832), the rotating shaft of the side conveyor roller C (831), and the rotating shaft between the side conveyor roller A (829) and the side conveyor roller B (830). The sprocket B (833) on the motor D (832) is connected to the sprocket B (833) on the rotating shaft of the side conveyor roller C (831) by a chain. The sprocket B (833) on the rotating shaft of the side conveyor roller C (831) is connected to the sprocket on the rotating shaft between the side conveyor roller A (829) and the side conveyor roller B (830) by a chain.