Ecological drainage ditch for ecological restoration of mine
By introducing overflow channels and baffles into ecological drainage ditches, the overflow can be automatically activated by the buoyancy of the water, solving the problem of water accumulation, achieving efficient drainage and ecological protection, and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 云南省设计院集团勘察院有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing ecological drainage ditches lack overflow structures under extreme weather conditions, leading to water accumulation, affecting drainage efficiency, increasing the risk of ecological layer blockage, and increasing maintenance costs.
Design an ecological drainage ditch that includes an overflow channel and a baffle plate. The overflow channel is automatically opened by the buoyancy of the water to quickly guide the water into the ditch and avoid erosion and blockage of the ecological layer.
It enables rapid drainage under extreme weather conditions, protects the ecological layer, improves the stability and efficiency of the drainage system, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224258404U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine ecological restoration technology, and in particular to an ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration. Background Technology
[0002] Mine ecological restoration is a crucial area for current environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization. With the widespread development of mining activities, the ecological environment of mining areas has been severely damaged, with problems such as soil erosion, vegetation degradation, and soil pollution becoming increasingly prominent. Ecological drainage ditches, as a novel mine ecological restoration technology, effectively address issues such as soil erosion and pollution spread during mine drainage processes by simulating natural ecosystems, while simultaneously achieving ecological restoration and landscape beautification. In recent years, the application of ecological drainage ditches in mine restoration has gradually increased, demonstrating broad application prospects in reducing soil erosion, purifying rainwater runoff, and restoring vegetation in mining areas. With the continuous advancement of ecological restoration technologies, ecological drainage ditches are expected to become one of the key technologies for mine ecological restoration, providing important support for the reconstruction of mining area ecosystems.
[0003] While ecological drainage ditches offer significant advantages in mine ecological restoration, existing technologies still have some shortcomings. For example, patent document CN222614114U, entitled "An Ecological Drainage Ditch Structure," proposes an ecological drainage ditch structure comprising a vegetation layer, a filter layer, a flow guiding layer, and support components, which can effectively purify wastewater and prevent soil erosion. However, this design has obvious limitations in practical applications. Specifically, the lack of an overflow structure above the ditch leads to water accumulation above the vegetation layer during heavy rainfall or short-duration downpours, hindering rapid drainage and impacting efficiency. Furthermore, water accumulation can exacerbate the clogging risk of the filter and flow guiding layers, increasing maintenance costs. These issues indicate that existing ecological drainage ditch designs require further optimization to cope with extreme weather conditions and complex terrain.
[0004] In summary, the application of existing ecological drainage ditch technology in mine ecological restoration still faces many challenges, especially the lack of an overflow structure above the ditch, which directly affects drainage efficiency and ecosystem stability. To address this deficiency, designing an ecological drainage ditch with efficient overflow functionality is particularly important. Utility Model Content
[0005] The present invention aims to provide an ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration to overcome the shortcomings mentioned above.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is: an ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration, comprising:
[0007] A groove with its opening facing upwards;
[0008] A support plate is installed on the inner wall of the tank, and the support plate is located above the bottom of the tank and is provided with filter holes;
[0009] An ecological layer is installed above the support plate, and plants are grown on the ecological layer;
[0010] An overflow channel is provided through one side wall of the tank, the upper end of the overflow channel being above the ecological layer, and the lower end of the overflow channel being below the support plate; and
[0011] A baffle plate is installed on the inner wall of the tank to selectively cover the upper end of the overflow channel. The baffle plate can open the upper end of the overflow channel by relying on the buoyancy of the water.
[0012] Furthermore, a sieve plate is installed on one of the side walls of the tank, the sieve plate being positioned opposite the upper end of the overflow channel and having sieve holes.
[0013] Furthermore, one sidewall of the tank protrudes inward to form a first protrusion, and one end of a baffle plate is hinged to the first protrusion. The baffle plate is disposed opposite to the upper end of the overflow channel.
[0014] Furthermore, a float plate is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle plate near the overflow channel, and the overall density of the baffle plate and the float plate is less than the density of the water.
[0015] Furthermore, a second protrusion extends from the side wall of the floating plate away from the baffle plate, the second protrusion abutting against one of the side walls of the trough, and the baffle plate and the screen plate are in clearance fit.
[0016] Furthermore, the upper end of one of the sidewalls of the groove extends outward to form a third protrusion, and the upper surface of the third protrusion is provided with an arc transition surface.
[0017] Furthermore, an overflow pipe is installed inside the overflow channel.
[0018] Furthermore, the ecological layer includes a gravel layer, a sand layer, and a planting soil layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top.
[0019] Furthermore, the ecological layer also includes a geotextile layer sandwiched between the gravel layer and the sand layer.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has at least the following advantages:
[0021] This invention, by incorporating an overflow channel and a baffle plate, automatically opens the baffle plate under buoyancy when water accumulates, allowing the water to quickly enter the ditch through the overflow channel. This prevents the water from eroding the ecological layer and ensures the efficient operation of the drainage system. By introducing the overflow channel, not only can water be quickly guided into the ditch, but the ecological layer can also be effectively protected, thereby improving the overall performance of the ecological drainage ditch. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ecological drainage ditch used for mine ecological restoration according to this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ecological drainage ditch of this utility model used for mine ecological restoration;
[0025] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;
[0026] Figure 4 This is another cross-sectional view of the ecological drainage ditch of this utility model used for mine ecological restoration.
[0027] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tank body; 2. Support plate; 3. Overflow channel; 4. Baffle plate; 5. Screen plate; 6. Screen hole; 7. First protrusion; 8. Floating plate; 9. Second protrusion; 10. Third protrusion; 11. Arc transition surface; 12. Overflow pipe; 13. Gravel layer; 14. Geotextile layer; 15. Sand layer; 16. Planting soil layer. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0030] Reference Figure 1-4 , the utility model provides an ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration, which includes a trough body 1, a support plate 2, an ecological layer, an overflow channel 3 and a baffle plate 4.
[0031] Among them: the trough body 1 has a structure with an upward opening, and the trough body 1 is integrally rectangular in shape. The top opening design is convenient for collecting rainwater. The material of the trough body 1 can be selected as reinforced concrete or high-strength plastic to ensure the stability and durability of the structure. The size of the trough body 1 is customized according to the actual mine terrain and drainage requirements. Positioning protrusions are provided on the inner side wall of the trough body 1, and the support plate 2 is erected above the two positioning protrusions, about 0.3 meters to 0.5 meters away from the trough bottom. The material of the support plate 2 is high-strength plastic or stainless steel, and filter holes with a width of 10 mm to 20 mm are evenly distributed on the surface, which are used to filter larger impurities and particulate matters. An ecological layer is provided above the support plate 2, and plants suitable for the mine environment (not shown in the figure), such as drought-tolerant and salt-tolerant herbaceous plants, such as Pteris vittata L. and Thlaspi arvense L., are planted on the ecological layer. The plants pass through the support plate 2 through their roots to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater, and at the same time have a certain enrichment effect on heavy metal ions, further purifying the water quality. An overflow channel 3 is penetrated and arranged on one of the side walls of the trough body 1. The overflow channel 3 is arranged in a "C" shape, with the upper end above the ecological layer and the lower end extending below the support plate 2. A baffle plate 4 is provided on the inner side wall of the trough body 1. The baffle plate 4 is used to selectively shield the upper end of the overflow channel 3 to block the gravel sliding down from the mine slope.
[0032] Preferably, a sieve plate 5 is installed on one of the side walls of the trough body 1. The sieve plate 5 is located near the upper end of the overflow channel 3 and is arranged opposite to the overflow channel 3. The material of the sieve plate 5 is stainless steel or plastic, and sieve holes 6 are evenly distributed on the surface, which are used to filter impurities in the water body. The sieve plate 5 is fixed on the side wall of the trough body 1 by bolts to ensure its stability, and the baffle plate 4 can protect the sieve plate 5.
[0033] One end of the baffle plate 4 is hinged on the protruding part of the side wall of the trough body 1. The protruding part is a structure in which the side wall of the trough body 1 protrudes inward. A floating plate 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle plate 4 close to the overflow channel 3. The material of the floating plate 8 is lightweight plastic or foam. The overall density of the baffle plate 4 and the floating plate 8 is less than the density of the water body, so that the baffle plate 4 can automatically open the upper end of the overflow channel 3 by relying on buoyancy when the water body accumulates. The size of the floating plate 8 matches that of the baffle plate 4, and the thickness is 0.02 meters to 0.05 meters.
[0034] A second protrusion 9 extends from the sidewall of the float 8, away from the baffle plate 4. The second protrusion 9 abuts against one of the sidewalls of the trough 1. The baffle plate 4 and the sieve plate 5 are fitted with a clearance. The clearance between the baffle plate 4 and the sieve plate 5 is designed to allow air to enter above the water body through the overflow channel 3, enhancing the oxygen demand of the plant roots. When a large amount of water accumulates above the ecological layer due to heavy rainfall or short-term heavy precipitation, the float 8 floats up, causing the baffle plate 4 to open, and the water is discharged through the overflow channel 3.
[0035] Preferably, the ecological layer comprises, from bottom to top, a gravel layer 13, a sand layer 15, a geotextile layer 14, and a planting soil layer 16. The gravel layer 13 is 0.1 to 0.2 meters thick and uses gravel with a particle size of 20 to 40 millimeters, primarily serving to guide and support the flow. The sand layer 15 is 0.05 to 0.1 meters thick and uses fine sand to further filter suspended solids in the water. The geotextile layer 14, sandwiched between the gravel layer 13 and the sand layer 15, is 0.01 to 0.02 meters thick and prevents mutual permeation between the sand layer 15 and the gravel layer 13. The planting soil layer 16 is 0.15 to 0.25 meters thick and uses soil rich in organic matter for planting plants.
[0036] Preferably, an overflow pipe 12 is installed inside the overflow channel 3. The overflow pipe 12 is made of PVC or stainless steel and is used to guide the flow of water.
[0037] One of the side walls of the trough 1 of this utility model is located on the side close to the mine slope. The upper end of the other side wall of the trough 1 extends outward to form a third protrusion 10. The upper surface of the third protrusion 10 is provided with an arc transition surface 11, which is used to guide water into the trough 1 and at the same time reduce the impact of water on the planting layer inside the trough 1.
[0038] Working principle of this utility model:
[0039] Under normal circumstances, water flows into the ecological layer through the opening at the top of the tank 1. After being purified by the plant roots, it permeates into the sand layer 15 and the gravel layer 13, and is finally discharged through the filter holes of the support plate 2. When there is heavy rainfall or short-term heavy precipitation, the water accumulates above the ecological layer. The floating plate 8 drives the baffle plate 4 to open due to buoyancy, and the water is quickly discharged through the overflow channel 3 and the overflow pipe 12, avoiding the water from scouring and clogging the ecological layer and ensuring the stable operation of the drainage system.
[0040] Through the above design, the ecological drainage ditch of this utility model can achieve multiple functions of efficient drainage, water purification and ecological protection in mine ecological restoration, while having the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and low cost.
[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0042] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration, characterized in that, include: A groove (1) with its opening facing upwards; A support plate (2) is installed on the inner side wall of the tank (1), and the support plate (2) is located above the bottom of the tank and is provided with filter holes; An ecological layer is installed above the support plate (2), and plants are grown on the ecological layer; An overflow channel (3) is provided through one of the side walls of the tank (1), the upper end of the overflow channel (3) is located above the ecological layer, and the lower end of the overflow channel (3) is located below the support plate (2); and A baffle plate (4) is installed on the inner wall of the tank (1) to selectively cover the upper end of the overflow channel (3). The baffle plate (4) can open the upper end of the overflow channel (3) by relying on the buoyancy of the water.
2. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sieve plate (5) is installed on one of the side walls of the tank (1). The sieve plate (5) is arranged opposite to the upper end of the overflow channel (3) and is provided with sieve holes (6).
3. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that, One sidewall of the trough (1) protrudes inward to form a first protrusion (7), and one end of a baffle plate (4) is hinged to the first protrusion (7). The baffle plate (4) is disposed opposite to the upper end of the overflow channel (3).
4. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that, A float (8) is fixedly connected to the side of the shield (4) near the overflow channel (3), and the overall density of the shield (4) and the float (8) is less than the density of the water.
5. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sidewall of the float (8) away from the baffle plate (4) extends to form a second protrusion (9), which abuts against one of the sidewalls of the trough (1), and the baffle plate (4) and the sieve plate (5) are in clearance fit.
6. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of one of the sidewalls of the groove (1) extends outward to form a third protrusion (10), and the upper surface of the third protrusion (10) is provided with an arc transition surface (11).
7. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, An overflow pipe (12) is installed inside the overflow channel (3).
8. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological layer includes a gravel layer (13), a sand layer (15), and a planting soil layer (16) arranged from bottom to top.
9. The ecological drainage ditch for mine ecological restoration according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ecological layer also includes a geotextile layer (14) sandwiched between the gravel layer (13) and the sand layer (15).