Protection structure of laser cladding head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection structure of a laser cladding head, which relates to the technical field of laser cladding heads and comprises a laser cladding head body, a fixing plate is mounted in the middle of the back of the laser cladding head body through bolts, and a driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the back of the fixing plate. By adopting the structure, the dismounting convenience and the use flexibility of the device can be improved by arranging the driving mechanism, and during specific use and operation, the driving motor can be started to drive the lead screw to rotate on the guide rail, the sliding block is promoted to slide, and the connecting frame is driven to move vertically; in the face of fine machining, the protection mechanism can be adjusted upwards, the working space of the bottom of the laser cladding head is expanded, fine adjustment is conducted according to product requirements, during overhauling, the driving motor drives the sliding block to slide downwards to be separated from the lead screw, the protection mechanism can be rapidly disassembled, and daily use and maintenance are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser cladding head technology, and specifically relates to a protective structure for a laser cladding head. Background Technology

[0002] In manufacturing, laser cladding technology has been widely used due to its ability to significantly improve the surface properties of materials. As a core component of this technology, the performance and structural design of the laser cladding head are crucial. It generally consists of a connecting assembly, an optical assembly, and a powder feeding assembly. The connecting assembly connects the laser equipment to the powder feeder, while the optical assembly guides the high-energy laser beam to process the powder conveyed by the powder feeding assembly, forming a metallurgical bonding layer on the substrate surface, enhancing the substrate's hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Common types include coaxial powder feeding, off-axis powder feeding, and high-speed laser cladding heads.

[0003] Chinese patent CN220887685U discloses a laser cladding head with a protective structure. This head is protected by a protective shell, equipped with anti-slip pads and springs to enhance stability and accommodate different head sizes, and a cooling fan for heat dissipation, thus improving the lifespan of the cladding head to some extent. However, in practical applications, this device has revealed several problems. The complete enclosed design of the protective shell can easily obstruct or hinder the movement of the laser cladding head when processing delicate parts, significantly reducing its flexibility. Furthermore, this fully enclosed design makes maintenance extremely inconvenient, as the protective structure is difficult to disassemble and reassemble quickly, increasing the difficulty and cost of repairing the laser cladding head and protective shell. Therefore, the existing technology has certain defects and shortcomings, necessitating a design improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a protective structure for a laser cladding head, so as to solve the problems of inconvenience in adjusting the position of the protective structure and inconvenience in quickly disassembling and assembling the protective structure during the application of the prior art.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A protective structure for a laser cladding head includes a laser cladding head body. A fixing plate is bolted to the center of the back of the laser cladding head body. A driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the back of the fixing plate. A protective mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the driving mechanism. The protective mechanism covers the outer surface of the laser cladding head body.

[0007] The driving mechanism includes a guide rail, which is fixedly installed on the back center of the fixed plate. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail. A lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor through the guide rail. A slider is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw. The slider is slidably connected to the inside of the guide rail. A connecting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider. The bottom of the connecting frame is connected to the top of the protective mechanism.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the slider has a convex shape when viewed from below, the internal cavity of the guide rail also has a convex shape, and a wear-resistant pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide rail.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the laser cladding head body, and mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the mounting bracket, and the mounting holes are countersunk holes.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the protective mechanism includes a top ring and a bottom ring. The top ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame, and the bottom ring is located at the lower end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body. The top ring is located at the upper end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body. Buffer groups are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the top ring and the bottom ring in a ring-shaped arrangement with equal spacing. Anti-collision springs are fixedly installed on the outer side of the buffer groups. The buffer groups on the top ring and the bottom ring are connected by anti-collision springs.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the buffer group includes a mounting plate, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top ring and the outer side of the bottom ring in a ring with equal spacing. Buffer springs are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the mounting plate, and a rhomboid block is fixedly connected to the outer side of the buffer spring. The outer side of the rhomboid block is fixedly connected to the outer end of the anti-collision spring.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the side of the mounting plate is V-shaped, and the top ring, bottom ring, anti-collision spring and the outer corners of the mounting plate are all rounded.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a support guide rod is fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom front end of the laser cladding head body. The bottom of the support guide rod passes through the top ring, and the top ring and the support guide rod are slidably connected.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following main advantages:

[0015] First, the device improves the ease of disassembly and assembly and the flexibility of use by setting a drive mechanism. When in use, the drive motor can be started to drive the lead screw to rotate on the guide rail, causing the slider to slide and drive the connecting frame to move vertically. This allows for precise control of the protective mechanism to move up and down along the outer surface of the laser cladding head. For fine processing, the protective mechanism can be adjusted upward to expand the working space at the bottom of the laser cladding head. It can be finely adjusted according to product requirements. During maintenance, the drive motor drives the slider to slide down and disengage from the lead screw, allowing for quick removal of the protective mechanism, which is convenient for daily use and maintenance.

[0016] Secondly, by incorporating a protective mechanism, this device further enhances the protection of the laser cladding head body and improves its heat dissipation capacity. During use, the protective mechanism can move flexibly outside the laser cladding head body through the control of the drive mechanism. The top and bottom rings respectively cover the upper and lower ends of the body, and the anti-collision springs provide full coverage. When impacted, the anti-collision springs push the diamond-shaped blocks to compress the buffer springs, providing buffering. At the same time, the anti-collision spring design accelerates air circulation and heat dissipation, improving ease of use and service life, and ensuring the long-term stable and reliable operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a bottom view structural diagram of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective mechanism structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A.

[0022] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Laser cladding head body; 2. Drive mechanism; 21. Guide rail; 22. Drive motor; 23. Lead screw; 24. Slider; 25. Connecting frame; 3. Protective mechanism; 31. Top ring; 32. Bottom ring; 33. Buffer group; 331. Mounting plate; 332. Buffer spring; 333. Rhomboid block; 334. Supporting guide rod; 34. Anti-collision spring; 4. Fixing plate; 5. Mounting frame; 6. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example

[0024] refer to Figures 1 to 5The protective structure of a laser cladding head in this embodiment includes a laser cladding head body 1. A fixing plate 4 is bolted to the middle of the back side of the laser cladding head body 1. A driving mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the back side of the fixing plate 4. A protective mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the driving mechanism 2. The protective mechanism 3 covers the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1.

[0025] The drive mechanism 2 includes a guide rail 21, which is fixedly installed on the back center of the fixing plate 4. A drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail 21. A lead screw 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 22 through the guide rail 21. A slider 24 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw 23. The slider 24 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide rail 21. A connecting frame 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider 24. The bottom of the connecting frame 25 is connected to the top of the protective mechanism 3. During the use of this device, when it is necessary to protect the laser cladding head body 1 and perform related operations, the fixing plate 4 is used to securely install the drive mechanism 2, turn on the drive motor 22, and the motor output... The lead screw 23 rotates within the guide rail 21. Since the lead screw 23 is threadedly connected to the slider 24, and the slider 24 can only slide within the guide rail 21, the rotation of the lead screw 23 drives the slider 24 to move linearly along the guide rail 21. The movement of the slider 24 drives the bottom connecting frame 25 to move synchronously. The connecting frame 25 is connected to the top of the protective mechanism 3, thereby realizing the vertical displacement of the protective mechanism 3 on the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. In this way, the position of the protective mechanism 3 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual processing requirements, ensuring the safety of the laser cladding head body 1 while also meeting the requirements of the working space of the laser cladding head body 1 under different working conditions.

[0026] refer to Figures 2-3 The slider 24 has a convex shape when viewed from below, and the internal cavity of the guide rail 21 also has a convex shape. Wear-resistant pads are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide rail 21. A mounting bracket 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the laser cladding head body 1. Mounting holes 6 are provided at the four corners of the mounting bracket 5. The mounting holes 6 are countersunk holes. In this laser cladding head protection structure, the slider 24 and the internal cavity of the guide rail 21 both have a convex shape when viewed from below. This special design can effectively prevent the slider 24 from tipping over or detaching inside the guide rail 21, ensuring that the slider 24 can smoothly move linearly along the guide rail 21 under the drive of the lead screw 23. The wear-resistant pads fixed to the inner wall of the sliding guide rail 21 can reduce the coefficient of friction between the slider 24 and the guide rail 21, reduce wear, extend the service life of the guide rail 21 and the slider 24, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the drive mechanism 2. The countersunk holes opened at the four corners of the top mounting bracket 5 of the laser cladding head body 1 allow the bolt heads to be recessed into the holes when bolts or other connecting parts are used for installation, ensuring the flatness of the mounting surface. This allows the laser cladding head body 1 to maintain a stable working posture after installation, while avoiding interference problems that may be caused by protruding bolts, which is beneficial to the normal operation of the entire equipment.

[0027] refer to Figures 1-5 The protective mechanism 3 includes a top ring 31 and a bottom ring 32. The top ring 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 25, and the bottom ring 32 is located at the lower end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. The top ring 31 is located at the upper end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. Buffer groups 33 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 in a ring-shaped arrangement with equal spacing. Anti-collision springs 34 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the buffer groups 33. The buffer groups 33 on the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 are connected by anti-collision springs. The buffer group 33 includes a mounting plate 331. The mounting plate 331 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top ring 31 and the outer side of the bottom ring 32 in a ring-shaped arrangement with equal spacing. Buffer springs 332 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the mounting plate 331. Diamond blocks 333 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the buffer springs 332. The outer side of the diamond blocks 333 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the anti-collision springs 34. When this protective mechanism 3 is working, the top ring 31 is connected to the connecting frame 25 via the connecting frame 25. The drive mechanism 2 is connected and can move up and down on the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1 with the movement of the drive mechanism 2. The bottom ring 32 is fixed to the lower end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. The two work together to position the protection range. When the laser cladding head body 1 is hit by an external impact, the impact force first acts on the anti-collision spring 34. After being subjected to force, the anti-collision spring 34 pushes the rhomboid block 333 connected to it. The rhomboid block 333 presses the buffer springs 332 at both ends of the mounting plate 331 inward. The mounting plate 331 is arranged in a ring at equal intervals on the outside of the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32. The buffer springs 332 in the numerous buffer groups 33 work together with the anti-collision spring 34 to convert the impact force into the elastic potential energy of the buffer springs 332, thereby effectively buffering the impact and protecting the laser cladding head body 1. At the same time, the buffer groups 33 on the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 are connected to each other through the anti-collision spring 34 to form an integrated protective structure, further improving the protective effect.

[0028] refer to Figure 5The mounting plate 331 has a V-shaped side profile. The top ring 31, bottom ring 32, anti-collision spring 34, and the outer corners of the mounting plate 331 are all rounded. Supporting guide rods 334 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom front end of the laser cladding head body 1. The bottom of the supporting guide rods 334 passes through the top ring 31, and the top ring 31 and the supporting guide rods 334 are slidably connected. The V-shaped side profile of the mounting plate 331 allows it to guide the rhomboid block 333 and the buffer spring 332 to absorb and disperse the impact force more efficiently upon impact, enhancing the buffering effect. The rounded corners of the top ring 31, bottom ring 32, anti-collision spring 34, and mounting plate 331 further enhance the cushioning effect. The shape prevents sharp edges from injuring operators during equipment operation or collisions, and also avoids damage to components due to sharp corners, improving overall safety and durability. The support guide rods 334 on both sides of the bottom front end of the laser cladding head body 1 provide support and stability for the laser cladding head body 1. On the other hand, the support guide rods 334 pass through the top ring 31 and are slidably connected to the top ring 31. When the drive mechanism 2 moves the top ring 31 up and down, the support guide rods 334 can ensure that the top ring 31 slides smoothly, restrict its movement trajectory, and ensure that the protective mechanism 3 can move smoothly up and down on the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1, thereby better performing its protective function.

[0029] Operating Principle and Advantages: This device, by incorporating a drive mechanism 2, optimizes its operational performance and application flexibility. During operation, the drive motor 22 is activated, causing the lead screw 23 to rotate within the guide rail 21. The rotation of the lead screw 23 causes the slider 24 to slide linearly within the guide rail 21, thereby displacing the connecting frame 25 vertically. Precise control of the connecting frame 25's displacement allows for flexible up-and-down movement of the protective mechanism 3 along the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. In production and processing, especially for precision machining tasks, this enables laser cladding to be carried out smoothly. The protective mechanism 3 on the concave surface of the head body 1 is adjusted upwards to provide a larger working space at the bottom of the laser cladding head body 1. This allows for fine adjustment of the protective mechanism 3 according to the processing requirements of different products. This design greatly improves the ease of use and processing flexibility of the device. In terms of equipment inspection and maintenance, the drive motor 22 is started, and the lead screw 23 continuously drives the slider 24 to slide downwards until the slider 24 disengages from the lead screw 23. This enables the protective mechanism 3 to be quickly removed from the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1, greatly improving the overall maintainability of the device and facilitating its daily use and maintenance.

[0030] This device, by incorporating a protective mechanism 3, further enhances the protection of the laser cladding head body 1 and improves the device's heat dissipation capacity. During operation, the protective mechanism 3 can move flexibly on the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1 through the control of the drive mechanism 2. The top ring 31 tightly covers the upper end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1, while the bottom ring 32 securely covers the lower end. The entire anti-collision spring 34 completely covers the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1. In actual use, the anti-collision spring 34 effectively plays a role in anti-collision buffering. The mounting plate 331 adopts a V-shaped design. The buffer springs 332 at both ends of the inner side are connected to the rhomboid block 333. When the anti-collision spring 34 is impacted by the outside, the anti-collision spring 34 pushes the rhomboid block 333 to squeeze the buffer spring 332 on the inner side of the mounting plate 331. The buffer spring 332 and the anti-collision spring 34 work together to efficiently buffer the impact force, showing excellent buffer protection performance. In addition, the unique design of each anti-collision spring 34 can significantly improve the air circulation rate on the outer surface of the laser cladding head body 1 during the operation of the device, accelerate the heat dissipation process, and thus improve the overall ease of use and service life of the device, ensuring the stability and reliability of the device during long-term operation.

Claims

1. A protection structure of a laser cladding head, comprising a laser cladding head body (1), characterized in that: A fixing plate (4) is bolted to the middle of the back of the laser cladding head body (1). A driving mechanism (2) is fixedly installed on the back of the fixing plate (4). A protective mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the driving mechanism (2). The protective mechanism (3) covers the outer surface of the laser cladding head body (1). The driving mechanism (2) includes a guide rail (21), which is fixedly installed on the back center of the fixing plate (4). A drive motor (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail (21). A lead screw (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (22) through the guide rail (21). A slider (24) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw (23). The slider (24) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide rail (21). A connecting frame (25) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider (24). The bottom of the connecting frame (25) is connected to the top of the protective mechanism (3).

2. The protection structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (24) is convex in shape when viewed from below, and the internal cavity cross-section of the guide rail (21) is also convex in shape. Wear-resistant pads are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide rail (21).

3. The protective structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the laser cladding head body (1) is fixedly mounted with a mounting bracket (5), and mounting holes (6) are provided at the four corners of the mounting bracket (5). The mounting holes (6) are countersunk holes.

4. The protective structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 1, wherein: The protective mechanism (3) includes a top ring (31) and a bottom ring (32). The top ring (31) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame (25). The bottom ring (32) is located at the lower end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body (1). The top ring (31) is located at the upper end of the outer surface of the laser cladding head body (1). The outer surfaces of the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32) are evenly spaced and fixedly connected with buffer groups (33). The outer side of the buffer group (33) is fixedly installed with anti-collision bullets (34). The buffer groups (33) on the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32) are connected by anti-collision bullets.

5. The protective structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer group (33) includes a mounting plate (331), which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top ring (31) and the outer side of the bottom ring (32) in a ring-shaped arrangement with equal spacing. The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the mounting plate (331) are fixedly connected to buffer springs (332), and the outer side of the buffer springs (332) is fixedly connected to a rhombus block (333). The outer side of the rhombus block (333) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the anti-collision spring (34).

6. The protective structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting plate (331) has a V-shaped side profile, and the top ring (31), bottom ring (32), anti-collision spring (34), and the outer corners of the mounting plate (331) are all rounded.

7. The protective structure of a laser cladding head according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom front end of the laser cladding head body (1) is fixedly installed with a support guide rod (334) on both sides. The bottom of the support guide rod (334) passes through the top ring (31), and the top ring (31) and the support guide rod (334) are slidably connected.

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