Vehicle ladder with braking function

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway construction auxiliary tools, and discloses a vehicle ladder with a braking function, which comprises a bottom frame, an operation ladder arranged on the bottom frame, wheels mounted on the bottom frame close to four corners, brake discs fixedly connected to the inner sides of wheel bodies of the wheels, and spring cotters fixedly connected to central shafts of the wheels, the center shaft and the brake disc are coaxial, the center shaft and the brake disc are in penetrating clearance fit, notches are evenly distributed in the circumference of the brake disc, a brake handle is arranged on an operation ladder of the box ladder, a brake cable is connected between the brake handle and the spring cotter, and when the brake handle is pressed, an insertion rod of the spring cotter moves in the direction away from the brake disc. The brake device is simple in structure and higher in reliability due to the fact that the brake function is achieved through a pure mechanical structure. In addition, after braking, due to the fact that the inserting rod is inserted into the notch of the brake disc, braking is achieved not through friction force, the brake disc cannot rotate, and the braking force is larger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway construction auxiliary tools, and in particular to a vehicle ladder with a braking function. Background Technology

[0002] An insulated ladder is a piece of equipment specifically designed for high-altitude railway operations, primarily used for emergency repairs, troubleshooting, and routine maintenance of railway electrification contact networks. It consists of a rectangular base frame formed by two crossbeams and two longitudinal beams, upon which a ladder is mounted. An insulated wheel is installed near each of the four corners of the base frame.

[0003] An insulated wheel is a type of track wheel specifically designed for insulated vehicle ladders; its structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the wheel body 1 is made of insulating material. The spokes of the wheel body 1 have a hole in the center, and two deep groove ball bearings 3 are installed in the hole. A central shaft 16 passes through the center of the two deep groove ball bearings 3. The two deep groove ball bearings 3 are positioned by a spacer sleeve 5. A rectangular connecting flange 11 is welded to one end of the central shaft 16, and a round nut is screwed onto the other end. Bearing caps 2 are respectively covered on both sides of the two deep groove ball bearings 3 on the spokes. The two bearing caps 2 are connected by fastening bolts 4 that pass through the spokes and nuts.

[0004] In use, the ladder is pushed, and the insulated wheels travel along the rails to below the work site, where workers then climb to work. Because the insulated wheels used in this type of ladder lack braking devices, wooden wedges are needed beside the insulated wheels to prevent falls due to sudden movement during operation. However, the rails are usually very narrow, and the ladder will wobble slightly during operation due to the operator's movements, easily causing the wooden wedges to loosen and shift, or even fall off the rails. Therefore, this method of preventing accidental movement of the ladder during operation is highly unreliable.

[0005] Patent CN218376307U discloses a mobile ladder for the maintenance of electrified railway catenary, including a mobile frame. A ladder lifting mechanism is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mobile frame, and a U-shaped working platform is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the ladder lifting mechanism. This ladder utilizes the principle of magnetic braking; by energizing multiple electromagnetic blocks, a strong relative attraction is generated between them, firmly locking the brake disc and thus fixing multiple drive wheels, preventing the ladder from moving randomly during operation and improving safety. However, since emergency repairs, fault handling, and routine maintenance of the catenary are usually carried out in the field, electricity is inconvenient, requiring additional power generation equipment. This power generation equipment needs to be connected to the ladder via cable, making its use very inconvenient. In the event of an accidental power outage during operation, the electromagnetic blocks may lose power, causing the brake to release and potentially leading to an accident, thus resulting in low reliability. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a vehicle ladder braking device to prevent the vehicle ladder from moving unexpectedly during operation, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle ladder during operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A vehicle ladder with a braking function includes a base frame, a working ladder mounted on the base frame, and wheels mounted on the base frame near the four corners. It also includes a brake disc fixedly connected to the inner side of the wheel's body and a spring pin fixedly connected to the central shaft of the wheel. The central shaft is coaxial with the brake disc and the brake disc has a through-hole fit. The brake disc has notches evenly distributed around its circumference. The head of the spring pin faces the brake disc and is perpendicular to it. The distance between the spring pin and the central shaft is L1, and the distance between the notch and the central shaft is L2, satisfying L1 = L2. The working ladder of the vehicle ladder is equipped with a brake handle. A brake cable connects the brake handle and the spring pin. When the brake handle is pressed, the spring pin moves away from the brake disc.

[0009] Furthermore, the brake disc has through holes at positions corresponding to the wheel fastening bolts. The end of the through hole near the spring pin has a countersunk hole. The distance between the bottom surface of the countersunk hole and the side of the brake disc away from the spring pin is equal to the thickness of the wheel bearing cap. A retaining ring is sandwiched between the deep groove ball bearing near the brake disc inside the wheel body and the brake disc.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary braking device, which includes hooks respectively mounted on two longitudinal beams of the base frame. The tails of the two hooks are rotatably connected to the corresponding longitudinal beams, and the hook tips face the corresponding rails. A driving mechanism is provided between the two hooks. Under the drive of the driving mechanism, the two hooks swing in opposite directions, and the hook tips of the two hooks are supported on the inner side of the web of the corresponding rails.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes two connecting rods, each corresponding to one of the two hooks. The outer ends of the two connecting rods are hinged to the middle of the corresponding hooks, and the inner ends of the two connecting rods are hinged. When the hook tips of the two hooks are supported on the corresponding rail webs, the two connecting rods are on the same horizontal plane.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner ends of both connecting rods are flat. When the two connecting rods are on the same horizontal plane, the inner ends of the two connecting rods abut against each other, and the hinge point of the two connecting rods is located below the connecting rods.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a cable, one end of which is tied to the inner end of the connecting rod, and the other end is passed upwards over a fixed pulley located on the upper part of the ladder and rests near the brake handle.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a counterweight block fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the counterweight block being located near the inner end of the connecting rod.

[0015] The positive effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention features a braking device installed on the wheels of a ladder. The device includes a brake disc and a spring pin. The brake disc has a notch on its circumference. A brake handle is located on the ladder's working platform. A brake cable connects the brake handle and the spring pin. Pressing the brake handle moves the spring pin's rod away from the brake disc, unlocking it. Releasing the brake handle allows the rod to insert into the notch, locking the brake disc and thus achieving braking. This invention has a simple structure and, due to its purely mechanical braking mechanism, offers higher reliability. Furthermore, because the rod is inserted into the notch of the brake disc, rather than relying on friction for braking, the brake disc does not rotate, resulting in greater braking force. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wheel structure;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Right side view of the brake disc;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary braking device;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheel in the prior art;

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Wheel body; 2. Bearing cap; 3. Deep groove ball bearing; 4. Fastening bolt; 5. Spacer sleeve; 6. Main brake line; 7. Brake handle; 8. One-to-two distributor; 9. Secondary brake line; 10. Crossbeam; 11. Connecting flange; 12. Mounting base; 13. Spring pin; 14. Brake disc; 15. Retaining ring; 16. Central shaft; 17. Notch; 18. Longitudinal beam; 19. Hook; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Counterweight; 22. Cable; 23. Rail; 24. Countersunk hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a vehicle ladder with braking function includes a brake disc 14 fixedly connected to the inner side of the spokes of the wheel body 1, a mounting seat 12 fixedly connected to the connecting flange 11 of the wheel's central shaft 16, and a spring pin 13 fixedly connected to the mounting seat 12. The axis of the central shaft 16 is coaxial with the axis of the brake disc 14, both being perpendicular to the length direction of the rail 23 in a horizontal plane, and the central shaft 16 and the brake disc 14 are fitted through a clearance fit.

[0026] The brake disc 14 is disc-shaped with 12 notches 17 evenly distributed around its circumference. The length direction of each notch 17 is consistent with the radial direction of the brake disc 14. The inner end of the notch 17 near the center of the brake disc 14 is arc-shaped, and the outer end of the notch 17 is chamfered. The head of the spring pin 13 faces the brake disc 14 and is perpendicular to the brake disc 14. The distance between the axis of the spring pin and the axis of the central axis 16 is L1, and the distance between the center of the arc at the inner end of the notch 17 and the axis of the central axis 16 is L2, thus satisfying L1 = L2. The working ladder of the vehicle ladder is equipped with a brake handle 7. A brake cable is connected between the brake handle 7 and the spring pin 13. When the brake handle 7 is pressed, the spring pin 13 moves away from the brake disc 14.

[0027] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0028] Pressing the brake handle 7 pulls the spring pin 13 through the brake cable, causing the spring on the spring pin 13 to be pulled out of the notch 17. This compresses the spring on the spring pin 13, pushing the ladder along the two rails 23 until it reaches below the contact line of the work point. Releasing the brake handle 7 causes the spring on the spring pin 13 to insert into the corresponding notch 17, thus locking the brake disc 14 and preventing the wheel 1 from rotating. This locks the ladder below the contact line of the work point, preventing accidents caused by accidental movement of the ladder during operation. If, after releasing the brake handle 7, the spring pin does not insert into the notch 17 but rests against the end face of the brake disc 14, the ladder can be slightly pushed to rotate the wheel 1 and the brake disc 14, allowing the spring pin to insert into the notch 17.

[0029] The braking system includes one main braking cable 6 and two auxiliary braking cables 9. A one-to-two distributor 8 is fixedly installed on the crossbeam 10 at the bottom of the ladder. One end of the main braking cable 6 is connected to the brake lever 7, and one end of each of the two auxiliary braking cables 9 is connected to a corresponding spring pin 13. The other ends of the two auxiliary braking cables 9 and the other end of the main braking cable 6 are connected to the corresponding ports of the one-to-two distributor 8. The structure of the main braking cable 6 and the auxiliary braking cables 9 is the same as that of bicycle braking cables, consisting of a sleeve and a steel wire rope passing through the sleeve. The installation, connection, and usage methods of the main braking cable 6, auxiliary braking cables 9, and one-to-two distributor 8 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] Therefore, pressing the brake handle 7 will simultaneously release the brakes on both wheels. When the ladder reaches the work point, it can be pushed to engage the corresponding brake discs 14 with the two spring pins 13, and then the work can begin.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0033] The brake disc 14 has through holes at positions corresponding to the wheel fastening bolts 4. A countersunk hole 24 is provided at the end of each through hole near the spring pin 13. The distance between the bottom surface of the countersunk hole 24 and the side of the brake disc 14 away from the spring pin 13 is equal to the thickness of the wheel bearing cap 2. A retaining ring 15 is sandwiched between the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 3 near the brake disc 14 and the brake disc 14 within the spoke.

[0034] Rectangular connecting flanges 11 are welded to the ends of the central shaft 16 and the crossbeam 10, and the mounting base 12 is fixedly connected by bolt assemblies that pass through the two connecting flanges 11.

[0035] Therefore, this utility model can modify the externally sourced insulated wheels as follows:

[0036] 1. Replace the bearing cap 2 near the connecting flange 11 of the insulated wheel with the brake disc 14. The fastening bolt 4 does not need to be replaced.

[0037] 2. The mounting base 12 is connected to the connecting flange 11 of the insulated wheel by a bolt assembly that passes through both flanges 11.

[0038] Therefore, this utility model can reduce manufacturing costs by modifying existing vehicle ladders.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:

[0041] This utility model includes an auxiliary braking device, which is located between the two longitudinal beams 18 of the ladder base frame. The auxiliary braking device includes hooks 19 respectively mounted on the two longitudinal beams 18 at the bottom of the ladder, with each hook 19 corresponding to one of the two longitudinal beams 18. The upper tail portions of the two hooks 19 are rotatably connected to their respective longitudinal beams 18, and the hook tips of the two hooks 19 face their respective rails 23. A driving mechanism is provided between the two hooks 19. Driven by the driving mechanism, the two hooks 19 swing in opposite directions, causing their hook tips to rest on the inner side of the waist of the corresponding rail 23 and hook onto the bottom corner of the upper working part of the rail 23.

[0042] The driving mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged connecting rods 20, each corresponding to one of the two hooks 19. The outer ends of the two connecting rods 20 are hinged to the middle of their respective hooks 19, and the inner ends of the two connecting rods 20 are also hinged. Both inner ends of the two connecting rods 20 are flat. When the hook tips of the two hooks 19 rest on the waist of their respective rails 23, the two connecting rods 20 are on the same horizontal plane. At this time, the inner ends of the two connecting rods 20 abut against each other, and the hinged position of the two connecting rods 20 is located below the connecting rods 20.

[0043] The drive mechanism also includes a cable 22, one end of which is tied to the hinge shaft at the inner end of the two connecting rods 20, and the other end goes up past the fixed pulley set on the upper part of the ladder and rests near the brake handle 7.

[0044] The drive mechanism also includes a counterweight 21 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 20, the counterweight 21 being close to the inner end of the connecting rod 20.

[0045] When the cable 22 is released, under the influence of the counterweight 21 and the gravity of the connecting rod 20, the two hooks 19 swing in opposite directions, hooking onto the inner middle and top corners of the corresponding rails 23 respectively. The two connecting rods 20 are on the same horizontal plane, and their inner ends abut against each other, thus reaching a dead point. At this time, when the connecting rod 20 is subjected to a thrust, it will not rotate because it is at a dead point, keeping the state of the two hooks 19 unchanged.

[0046] The braking effect is further enhanced by using two hooks 19 to brace against the two rails 23. In addition, since the hooks 19 are hooked at the corners of the inner middle and top of the rails 23, the ladder can be firmly pulled to the two rails 23, preventing the ladder from tipping over due to excessive center of gravity during operation, thereby improving the safety of the ladder.

[0047] The above-described embodiments are detailed and specific, illustrating preferred embodiments of the present utility model. They are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present utility model, with the aim of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present utility model and implement it accordingly. However, they are not limited to the present utility model, and the patent scope of the present utility model cannot be limited by this embodiment alone. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed in the present utility model, without departing from the structure of the present utility model, such as local improvements within the system and modifications or transformations between subsystems, are still within the patent scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vehicle ladder with braking function, comprising a base frame, a working ladder mounted on the base frame, and wheels mounted near the four corners of the base frame, characterized in that, It also includes a brake disc (14) fixedly connected to the inner side of the wheel body (1) of the wheel and a spring pin (13) fixedly connected to the central shaft (16) of the wheel. The central shaft (16) is coaxial with the brake disc (14) and the central shaft (16) and the brake disc (14) are through clearance fit. The circumference of the brake disc (14) is evenly distributed with notches (17). The head of the spring pin (13) faces the brake disc (14) and is perpendicular to the brake disc (14). The distance between the spring pin and the central shaft (16) is L1, and the distance between the notch (17) and the central shaft (16) is L2, so L1 = L2. The working ladder of the vehicle ladder is provided with a brake handle (7). A brake cable is connected between the brake handle (7) and the spring pin (13). After pressing the brake handle (7), the spring pin (13) moves away from the brake disc (14).

2. The car ladder with braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake disc (14) has through holes at positions corresponding to the wheel fastening bolts (4). One end of the through hole near the spring pin (13) has a countersunk hole (24). The distance between the bottom surface of the countersunk hole (24) and the side of the brake disc (14) away from the spring pin (13) is equal to the thickness of the wheel bearing cap (2). A retaining ring (15) is sandwiched between the deep groove ball bearing (3) near the brake disc (14) inside the wheel body (1) and the brake disc (14).

3. A car ladder with a braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary braking device, which includes hooks (19) respectively set on two longitudinal beams (18) of the base frame. The tails of the two hooks (19) are rotatably connected to the corresponding longitudinal beams (18). The hook tips of the hooks (19) are respectively facing the corresponding rails (23). A driving mechanism is provided between the two hooks (19). Under the drive of the driving mechanism, the two hooks (19) swing in opposite directions, and the hook tips of the two hooks (19) are respectively supported on the inner side of the waist of the corresponding rails (23).

4. A car ladder with a braking function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes two connecting rods (20), which correspond one-to-one with two hooks (19). The outer ends of the two connecting rods (20) are respectively hinged to the middle of the corresponding hooks (19), and the inner ends of the two connecting rods (20) are hinged. When the hook tips of the two hooks (19) are respectively supported on the waist of the corresponding rails (23), the two connecting rods (20) are located on the same horizontal plane.

5. A car ladder with a braking function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner ends of both connecting rods (20) are flat. When the two connecting rods (20) are on the same horizontal plane, the inner ends of the two connecting rods (20) abut against each other. The hinged position of the two connecting rods (20) is located below the connecting rods (20).

6. A car ladder with a braking function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a cable (22), one end of which is tied to the inner end of the connecting rod (20), and the other end goes up past the fixed pulley set on the upper part of the ladder and rests near the brake handle (7).

7. A car ladder with a braking function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a counterweight (21) fixedly connected to the connecting rod (20), the counterweight (21) being close to the inner end of the connecting rod (20).

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